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Hong X, Zhang Y, Ni H, Xiao Q, Yin Y, Ren J, Zhao P, Zhang Z, Li X, Li Y, Yang Y. Optimization of Fermented Maize Stover for the Fattening Phase of Geese: Effect on Production Performance and Gut Microflora. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:433. [PMID: 38338076 PMCID: PMC10854615 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To optimize the utilization of fermented maize stover (FMS) feed during the fattening phase of Xianghai flying geese (XFG), a total of 300 XFG at 125 days of age were randomly assigned to four dietary treatment groups with three replicates of 25 in each set. Group A was fed the basal fattening diet, while the B, C, and D groups were fed the basic fattening diet and diets supplemented with 5%, 10% or 15% FMS, respectively. The findings indicate that the production performance indicators (especially the dressed, eviscerated and breast muscle yield) of Group D closely resembled Group A more than Groups B and C. Intestinal morphometry found that the jejunal villus height and the villus height/crypt depth were significantly increased in Group D compared to Group A. Next, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the extracted DNA revealed that beneficial microbiota (Coprococcus and Victivallis) showed increased abundance in Group D. Cecal flora function analysis further revealed that some amino acid and glycerol biosynthesis were found to be associated with growth performance in geese. These findings suggest that incorporating 15% FMS as a substitute for a portion of the feed during the fattening phase of XFG can effectively sustain their production performance, optimize the gut microbial community and morphometrical traits, provide new insight into using non-conventional feed resources to reduce feed cost and improve economic benefits in the breeding industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Hong
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Hongyu Ni
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Qingxing Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yijing Yin
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jing Ren
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Puze Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Center of Animal Experiment, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Yumei Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yuwei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
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Wang R, Wang X, Xiong Y, Cao J, Nussio LG, Ni K, Lin Y, Wang X, Yang F. Dietary Paper Mulberry Silage Supplementation Improves the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Quality of Yangzhou Goose. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:359. [PMID: 38338002 PMCID: PMC10854908 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There have been few investigations into the health benefits and meat quality of supplementing Yangzhou geese with paper mulberry silage. One hundred and twenty 28-day-old Yangzhou geese were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into two groups: a control group (CON) and a paper mulberry silage group (PM), with six replicates in each group. The experiment lasted for a total of 6 weeks. The experiment found that compared with CON, PM had a promoting effect on the average daily weight gain of Yangzhou geese (p = 0.056). Sensory and nutritional analysis of breast muscles revealed a decrease in a* value (p < 0.05) and an increase in protein content (p < 0.05) following PM treatment. Through untargeted metabolomics analysis of breast muscle samples, it was found that 11 different metabolites, including guanidinoacetic acid and other substances, had a positive effect on amino acid metabolism and lipid antioxidant pathways of PM treatment. Overall, the strategy of feeding Yangzhou geese with paper mulberry silage is feasible, which can improve the sensory quality and nutritional value of goose meat. The experiment provides basic data for the application form of goose breeding, so exploring the impact of substances within paper mulberry on goose meat should be focused on in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhui Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Yi Xiong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Jingwen Cao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Luiz Gustavo Nussio
- Department of Animal Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil;
| | - Kuikui Ni
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Yanli Lin
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Xuekai Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Fuyu Yang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (R.W.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Li M, Zi X, Lv R, Zhang L, Ou W, Chen S, Hou G, Zhou H. Cassava Foliage Effects on Antioxidant Capacity, Growth, Immunity, and Ruminal Microbial Metabolism in Hainan Black Goats. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2320. [PMID: 37764163 PMCID: PMC10535588 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) foliage is a byproduct of cassava production characterized by high biomass and nutrient content. In this study, we investigated the effects of cassava foliage on antioxidant capacity, growth performance, and immunity status in goats, as well as rumen fermentation and microbial metabolism. Twenty-five Hainan black goats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 5 per group) and accepted five treatments: 0% (T1), 25% (T2), 50% (T3), 75% (T4), and 100% (T5) of the cassava foliage silage replaced king grass, respectively. The feeding experiment lasted for 70 d (including 10 d adaptation period and 60 d treatment period). Feeding a diet containing 50% cassava foliage resulted in beneficial effects for goat growth and health, as reflected by the higher average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and better feed conversion rate (FCR), as well as by the reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CRE), and triglycerides (TG). Meanwhile, cassava foliage improved antioxidant activity by increasing the level of glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and lowering malondialdehyde (MDA). Moreover, feeding cassava foliage was also beneficial to immunity status by enhancing complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin M (IgM). Furthermore, the addition of dietary cassava foliage also altered rumen fermentation, rumen bacterial community composition, and metabolism. The abundance of Butyrivibrio_2 and Prevotella_1 was elevated, as were the concentrations of beneficial metabolites such as butyric acid; there was a concomitant decline in metabolites that hindered nutrient metabolism and harmed host health. In summary, goats fed a diet containing 50% cassava foliage silage demonstrated a greater abundance of Butyrivibrio_2, which enhanced the production of butyric acid; these changes led to greater antioxidant capacity, growth performance, and immunity in the goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Xuejuan Zi
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Renlong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Wenjun Ou
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Songbi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization of Cassava, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524000, China
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4
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Yan X, Xu Y, Zhen Z, Li J, Zheng H, Li S, Hu Q, Ye P. Slaughter performance of the main goose breeds raised commercially in China and nutritional value of the meats of the goose breeds: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3748-3760. [PMID: 36178068 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of goose breeds are raised commercially in China. However, the data on the slaughter performance of the goose breeds and the nutritional value of their meats lack a thorough comparative analysis. In this systematic review, the slaughter performance of the goose breeds and nutritional value of their meats were comparatively analyzed to provide an overview of the characteristics of the goose breeds raised commercially in China. Fifteen goose breeds were selected from 27 research articles published up to January 2022 on the slaughter performance of the goose breeds raised commercially in China and their nutrient composition after literature searching, literature screening, variety selection, and data collation. The slaughter indexes of the goose breeds and the basic nutrient composition, amino acid composition, and fatty acid composition of the meats of the goose breeds were standardized using min-max normalization and compared. The results suggest that the slaughter indexes and nutritional indicators of the meats of Yangzhou white goose, Xupu goose, Landaise geese, and Sichuan white goose are more balanced than those of the meats of the other goose breeds. The results of this review can lay the foundation for optimizing the breeding methods of the commercially raised goose breeds and processing methods of the meats of the geese. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yan
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Yaguang Xu
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Zongyuan Zhen
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Jingjun Li
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Haibo Zheng
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Shenghe Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Hu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Ye
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
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5
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Mohidin SRNSP, Moshawih S, Hermansyah A, Asmuni MI, Shafqat N, Ming LC. Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz): A Systematic Review for the Pharmacological Activities, Traditional Uses, Nutritional Values, and Phytochemistry. J Evid Based Integr Med 2023; 28:2515690X231206227. [PMID: 37822215 PMCID: PMC10571719 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x231206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is considered one of the essential tuber crops, serving as a dietary staple food for various populations. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the nutritional and therapeutic properties of cassava, which is an important dietary staple and traditional medicine. The review aims to evaluate and summarize the phytochemical components of cassava and their association with pharmacological activities, traditional uses, and nutritional importance in global food crises. To collect all relevant information, electronic databases; Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Preprint Platforms were searched for studies on cassava from inception until October 2022. A total of 1582 studies were screened, while only 34 were included in this review. The results of the review indicate that cassava has diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-diarrheal, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic effects, and wound healing properties. However, more studies that aim to isolate the phytochemicals in cassava extracts and evaluate their pharmacological property are necessary to further validate their medical and nutritional values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Said Moshawih
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Ikmal Asmuni
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Naeem Shafqat
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
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Adli D, Sjofjan O, Irawan A, Utama D, Sholikin M, Nurdianti R, Nurfitriani R, Hidayat C, Jayanegara A, Sadarman S. Effects of fibre-rich ingredient levels on goose growth
performance, blood profile, foie gras quality
and its fatty acid profile: a meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/152621/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Effects of maize silage feeding on growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestive system length, chemical composition, and meat quality of domestic geese. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:325. [PMID: 36169741 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of corn silage (CS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestive system length, and some meat quality traits of geese. A total of 35 19-week-old Turkish indigenous male geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into five groups with individual pens of seven geese per group and fed for 84 D. The treatments were composed of a basal diet (100% concentrate feed) without corn silage (0CS), 10% CS + 90% concentrate feed (10CS), 20% corn silage + 80% concentrate feed (20CS), 30% corn silage + 70% concentrate feed (30CS), and 40% corn silage + 60% concentrate feed (40CS). Dietary CS supplementation did not affect growth performance, dressing percentage, liver and gizzard weights, digestive system length of geese, and the organoleptic quality characteristics of meat. The 0CS and 20CS geese had a higher instrumental hardness value than other treatment geese (p < 0.05). Also, the 40CS group had the lowest hardness value (p < 0.05). Adhesiveness value was lower in the 0CS group compared to all silage treatments (p < 0.05). Gumminess value was lower in the 40CS group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The 10CS treatment reduced the L value of thigh and breast meat compared with those of the other treatments (p < 0.05). The a and b color values and pH values of breast and thigh meats were not affected by dietary CS supplementation (p > 0.05). Fat content of the meat decreased in the 30CS treatment compared to 0CS (p < 0.05). The results of the present study suggest that corn silage could be used up to 40% in the Turkish goose variety diet, without affecting the performance and meat quality, and thus, geese can be produced more economically.
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Guo Y, Chen J, Liu S, Zhu Y, Gao P, Xie K. Effects of dietary Acremonium terricola culture supplementation on the quality, conventional characteristics, and flavor substances of Hortobágy goose meat. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:950-969. [PMID: 36287783 PMCID: PMC9574613 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with
Acremonium terricola culture (ATC) on the quality,
conventional characteristics, and flavor substances of Hortobágy goose
meat. A total of 720 one-day-old goslings were divided into four dietary
treatments, each consisting of six cages of 30 goslings. The dietary conditions
consisted of the control group and three treatment groups supplemented with 3,
5, or 7 g/kg ATC. In male geese, supplementation with 3 g/kg ATC elevated the
crude ash (CA) content of the thigh muscle compared to the control group, and
the CA content of the pectoralis major was significantly elevated when geese
were supplemented with 5 g/kg ATC (p < 0.05). In
females, compared with the control group, supplementation with 7 g/kg ATC
enhanced the crude protein (CP) content of the pectoralis major. Supplementation
with 7 g/kg ATC also increased the crude fat (CF) content of the pectoralis
major in females as well as in both sexes; moreover, this supplementation dose
increased the inosinic acid content of the thigh muscle in males and in both
sexes. In contrast, supplementation with 5 g/kg ATC decreased the pH of the
thigh muscle at 12 h postmortem (p < 0.01). No
significant changes in meat color, water loss rate, shear force, moisture
content or amino acid (AA) levels were observed after ATC supplementation
(p > 0.05). Levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs)
and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in the pectoralis major and levels of SFAs,
monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and PUFAs in the thigh muscle were not affected by
the supplementation. Overall, ATC supplementation had positive effects on the
pH, and CA, CP, CF, inosinic acid contents as well as on the FA composition of
gosling meat. The optimal level of ATC supplementation was 7 g/kg in goslings
from 1 to 70 days of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Joint International Research Laboratory of
Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University,
Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jinyuan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Joint International Research Laboratory of
Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University,
Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuyu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Joint International Research Laboratory of
Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University,
Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yali Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Joint International Research Laboratory of
Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University,
Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Joint International Research Laboratory of
Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University,
Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Joint International Research Laboratory of
Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University,
Yangzhou 225009, China,Corresponding author: Kaizhou Xie,
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009,
China. Tel: +86-514-87997205, E-mail:
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Tang Z, Yang M, Qiang M, Li X, Morrell JJ, Yao Y, Su Y. Preparation of Cellulose Nanoparticles from Foliage by Bio-Enzyme Methods. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164557. [PMID: 34443080 PMCID: PMC8400275 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There are vast reserves of foliage in nature, which is an inexhaustible precious resource. In this study, the chemical components of five foliage types (pine needles, black locust tree leaves, bamboo leaves, elm leaves and poplar leaves) were analyzed, including cellulose content, hemicellulose content, and lignin content. The bio-enzymatic method was then used to prepare cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) from these five kinds of leaves, and the prepared CNPs were analyzed using TEM, FTIR, FESEM, and XRD. The results showed that the content of hemicellulose in bamboo leaves was the highest, and the lignin content in the other four leaves was the highest. The cellulose content in the five kinds of foliage was arranged from large to small as pine needles (20.5%), bamboo leaves (19.5%), black locust leaves (18.0%), elm leaves (17.6%), and poplar leaves (15.5%). TEM images showed that the CNPs prepared by the five kinds of foliage reached the nanometer level in width and the micrometer level in length; therefore, the CNPs prepared in this study belonged to cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). The results of FTIR and XRD showed that CNFs prepared by the enzyme treatment exhibited a typical crystalline structure of cellulose II. The degree of crystallinity (DOC) of CNFs prepared from pine needle, poplar leaves, and bamboo leaves are 78.46%, 77.39%, and 81.51%, respectively. FESEM results showed that the CNFs prepared from pine needles, poplar leaves and bamboo leaves by enzymatic method presents a three-dimensional (3D) network structure, and their widths are 31 nm, 36 nm, and 37 nm, respectively. This study provides a meaningful reference for broadening the use of foliage types and improving their added value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Tang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.T.); (M.Y.); (M.Q.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mingwei Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.T.); (M.Y.); (M.Q.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mingli Qiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.T.); (M.Y.); (M.Q.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.T.); (M.Y.); (M.Q.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Jeffrey J. Morrell
- National Centre for Timber Durability and Design Life, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Yao Yao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.T.); (M.Y.); (M.Q.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yanwei Su
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.T.); (M.Y.); (M.Q.); (Y.Y.); (Y.S.)
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Ran T, Fang Y, Xiang H, Zhao C, Zhou D, Hou F, Niu YD, Zhong R. Effects of Supplemental Feed with Different Levels of Dietary Metabolizable Energy on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Grazing Naturalized Swan Geese ( Anser cygnoides). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030711. [PMID: 33807953 PMCID: PMC8001471 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Grazing Swan geese (Anser cygnoides) have good meat quality but grow slowly. This study aimed to study whether supplemental feeding could improve growth performance of grazing Swan geese and investigate a suitable dietary metabolizable energy (ME) level of supplemental diet for grazing Swan geese. Naturalized healthy male Swan geese (n = 144; 42 ± 2.0 days and 1.21 ± 0.17 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 groups and grazed on pasture alone (control, CON) or offered supplemental diets with ME of 9.5, 11.5, or 13.5 MJ/kg of DM after grazing. Growth performance and body-size measurements (including bone development) were lower (p < 0.05) in CON versus supplemented geese, as well as slaughter measurements on days 28 and 56. The DM intake linearly decreased (p < 0.01) with increasing dietary ME from day 29 to 56. Slaughter, semi-eviscerated, eviscerated, and thigh muscle yield linearly (p < 0.01) decreased with increasing dietary ME on day 56. Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) for breast and thigh muscle on days 28 and 56, and breast muscle shear force on day 56, were lower (p < 0.01) in supplemented versus CON geese. In conclusion, supplemental feeding improved growth performance and carcass characteristics of grazing Swan geese, and supplemental feed with ME of 9.5 MJ/kg of DM could be offered to improve growth and meat quality of grazing Swan geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ran
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (T.R.); (Y.F.); (H.X.); (C.Z.); (D.Z.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Yi Fang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (T.R.); (Y.F.); (H.X.); (C.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Hai Xiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (T.R.); (Y.F.); (H.X.); (C.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Chengzhen Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (T.R.); (Y.F.); (H.X.); (C.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Daowei Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (T.R.); (Y.F.); (H.X.); (C.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Fujiang Hou
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
| | - Yan D. Niu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Rongzhen Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; (T.R.); (Y.F.); (H.X.); (C.Z.); (D.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Li M, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Zi X, Lv R, Tang J, Zhou H. Impacts of Citric Acid and Malic Acid on Fermentation Quality and Bacterial Community of Cassava Foliage Silage. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:595622. [PMID: 33424799 PMCID: PMC7793898 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.595622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota and fermentation quality of cassava foliage (CF) ensiled in the absence of additive (CK), or the presence of citric acid (CA), malic acid (MA), and their combination with a Lactobacillus plantarum strain (CAL and MAL)were investigated. These additives reduced (P < 0.05) the pH, butyric acid, and ammonia-N contents but increased (P < 0.05) the lactic acid content, and CAL and MAL showed similar remarkable effects. Paenibacillus (mean, 27.81%) and Bacillus (mean, 16.04%) were the predominant strains in CF silage. The addition of CA or MAL increased the abundance of Paenibacillus (25.81–52.28% and 47.97%, respectively), and the addition of MA increased the abundance of Bacillus (15.76–32.48%) compared with the CK group. Moreover, CAL and MAL increased the abundances of the potentially desirable bacteria Cellulosimicrobium (CAL 0–12.73%), Hyphomicrobium (0–7.90% and 8.94%), and Oceanobacillus (0–8.37% and 3.08%) compared with the CK group. These findings suggested that CA and MA could enhance the silage quality of CF, and their combinations with Lactobacillus plantarum were more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Danzhou, China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Danzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangdong Research and Development Centre of Modern Agriculture (Woody Forage) Industrial Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejuan Zi
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources of Tropical Special Ornamental Plants of Hainan Province, College of Forestry, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Danzhou, China
| | - Renlong Lv
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
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Effect of Dietary Protein and Tsaa Levels on Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Composition and Some Blood Components of Egyptian Geese During the Rearing Period. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040549. [PMID: 32218190 PMCID: PMC7222406 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary levels of protein, total sulfur amino acids (TSAA), methionine and cystine (M + C) and their interaction on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood components and meat quality of Egyptian geese. A total number of 144 geese at twelve weeks of age were randomly divided into 9 groups (16 birds/each group), each group of birds was sub-divided into 4 replicates, each of 4 birds. There was a significant increase in the bodyweight of geese due to protein and M + C levels (p < 0.01). The studied levels of M + C affected significantly on weight gain of growing geese at the early period of 12-18 wk of age. Feed intake was increased with high dietary levels of CP % or M + C (p < 0.05). There was a significant (p < 0.01) increase in percentages of carcass, liver, dressing, breast and wing with high dietary protein level as compared to a moderate or low level. A high level of dietary protein led to increase in concentrations of total protein and albumin, while total lipids, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were decreased with increasing level of protein (p < 0.01). Fat percentage of breast muscle was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased with increasing M + C levels. Protein % of breast muscle was increased with increasing protein levels. Finally, it can be concluded that the consumption of diets with high levels of protein or M + C can improve the bodyweight, feed conversion ratio, carcass and meat composition of Egyptian geese during the rearing period (12-24 wk of age).
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