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Wani MA, Tyagi PK, Begum J, Mir NA, Dev K, Biswas A, Sharma D, Goel A. Expression of nutrient transporter genes in response to dietary rice gluten meal and protease enzyme supplementation and the consequent effects on growth, nutrient digestibility, immunity and jejunum histomorphometry in chicken. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:1620-1628. [PMID: 34057400 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1924182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding rice gluten meal (RGM) as an alternative protein source along with protease enzyme supplementation on growth performance, expression of nutrient transporter genes, nutrient digestibility, immune response and gut histomorphometry of broiler chicken. Proximate analysis of RGM revealed 923 g dry matter (DM), 500 g crude protein (CP), 69.2 g ether extract, 94.7 g crude fiber, 215.4 g nitrogen-free extract, 43.7 g ash, 6.20 g calcium, 7.80 g total phosphorus, 18.99 MJ gross energy and 12.68 MJ metabolizable energy per kg diet. Significant upregulation of nutrient transporter genes (PepT1, EAAT3 and mucin) and better growth performance was observed in the birds fed control diet which was statistically similar to the birds fed 150 g RGM compared to birds fed higher RGM levels. Histomorphometry of jejunum, nutrient digestibility, and immune response of birds did not reveal any significant effect of RGM or protease enzyme supplementation. However, the inclusion of RGM up to 150 g/kg diet resulted in significant decline of feed cost/kg live weight gain, dressed meat yield and eviscerated meat yield by 13.13%, 12.99% and 13.36%, respectively compared to control. Thus, it was concluded that the inclusion of 150 g RGM/kg diet in broiler chicken ration has no adverse effects on the growth pattern of birds and can be used for least-cost feed formulation for chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor A Wani
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
| | - Pramod K Tyagi
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
| | - Jubeda Begum
- College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Nasir Akbar Mir
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
| | - Avishek Biswas
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
| | - Akshat Goel
- ICAR - Central Avian Research Institute, Avian Nutrition and Feed Technology, Izatnagar, India
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Shad AA, Ahmad T, Iqbal MF, Asad MJ. Effects of a Novel Protease from Bacillus Subtilis K-5 in Low Protein Corn Distiller Dried Grains with Solubles (cDDGS) Based Diets on Performance and Nutrients Digestibility in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AA Shad
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - T Ahmad
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - MF Iqbal
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - MJ Asad
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan; Pir Mehr Ali Shah - Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
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3
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Zhao J, Wang D, Li Y. Proteins in dried distillers' grains with solubles: A review of animal feed value and potential non‐food uses. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Zhao
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
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4
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Azam F, Qaisrani SN, Khalique A, Bibi F, Akram CA, Naveed S, Pasha TN. Exploring nutritive profile, metabolizable energy, protein, and digestible amino acids contents of indigenous protein sources of different locations for male broilers. Poult Sci 2019; 98:4664-4672. [PMID: 31220863 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2 experiments were conducted to explore nutrient composition, AME, AMEn, standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP, and amino acids (AA) of 4 indigenous protein sources including canola meal (CM), rapeseed meal (RSM), guar meal (GM), and sunflower meal (SFM) collected from 2 different locations, Multan (MUL; n = 3) and Sukkur (SKR; n = 3), of Pakistan. Higher (P < 0.05) dry matter (DM), CP, and gross energy (GE), whereas lower (P < 0.05) ash contents were found in SKR, CM, and RSM compared with those from MUL. The MUL GM had higher (P < 0.05) crude fiber (CF) and CP, whereas lower (P < 0.05) GE compared with those from SKR. The SFM from MUL had higher DM, whereas lower CF and CP contents than SKR. In the first experiment, 216 21-d-old male broilers (Ross 308) were distributed over 8 test diets (4 ingredients × 2 locations) and 1 basal diet, with 4 replicates containing 6 birds each (9 × 4 × 6), in a complete randomized design to determine AME and AMEn. The results indicated higher (P < 0.05) AME and AMEn in MUL CM than SKR. In the second experiment, 216 21-d-old male broilers (Ross 308) were raised in 36 cages (6 birds each) to determine SID of CP and AA in a complete randomized design. 8 test diets (4 ingredients × 2 locations) and a protein-free diet, with 4 replicates each, were tested. The SID of CP and some AA were higher (P < 0.05) in MUL CM and RSM than SKR. The SKR GM had a higher (P < 0.05) SID of CP, arginine, methionine, threonine, valine, and cysteine compared with that from MUL. The SFM from MUL had higher (P < 0.05) SID of CP, arginine, histidine, methionine, valine, alanine, aspartate, cysteine, and serine than SKR. In conclusion, major differences do exist between CM, GM, RSM, and SFM from different locations in terms of nutrients, AME, digestible CP, and AA contents for male broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Azam
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - S N Qaisrani
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - A Khalique
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - F Bibi
- Department of Livestock and Poultry Production, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - C A Akram
- Department of Livestock and Poultry Production, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - S Naveed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - T N Pasha
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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5
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Rezaei M, Wall H, Tarshan M, Ivarsson E. Evaluation of broiler chickens' digestibility of Neurospora intermedia biomass. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5017-5022. [PMID: 30980081 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 70 broiler chickens were used to evaluate the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient (AIDC) of protein and amino acids, and apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of energy in the protein rich Fungal Biomass of Neurospora intermedia (FBN) obtained from bioethanol production. The chickens were housed in 10 pens with seven chickens per pen and fed one of two experimental diets between day 28 and 35 of age. The experimental diets were wheat-soybean meal-based control diet and a diet composed of 70% control diet and 30% of FBN. There were no difference (P > 0.05) between the control and FBN diet on chick feed intake and body weight at day 35. However, the AIDCs of crude protein and amino acids were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in control diet than in the FBN diet except for proline and phenylalanine. The AIDC of CP (0.74), cysteine (0.68), methionine (0.70), AME (15.6), and threonine (0.69) in FBN were comparable to the corresponding values in other protein-rich feedstuffs such as soybean meal and fish meal. The results from this study show that FBN may be an alternative protein source for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rezaei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7024, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Wall
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7024, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Tarshan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7024, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emma Ivarsson
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), PO Box 7024, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Whiting IM, Rose SP, Mackenzie AM, Amerah AM, Pirgozliev VR. Nutrient content and digestibility of different batches of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles for laying hens. Br Poult Sci 2019; 60:597-603. [PMID: 31220926 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1632416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
1. Four batches of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) produced by a single production plant were used to investigate variation in digestible energy (DE) and nutrient digestibility for laying hens. 2. A total of 144 Hy-Line Brown laying hens were allocated to eight treatment groups in replicates of six. Experimental diets were prepared by replacing the basal feed with either 150 g/kg or 300 g/kg of each batch of DDGS. 3. Chemical analysis of the DDGS showed variation between the different batches. Largest coefficients of variation were observed for starch (0.546) and total soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP; 0.276). 4. Digestible energy and the nutrient digestibility of each diet was measured using the ileal collection technique. Data were statistically analysed as a blocked 2 × 4 factorial design analysis of variance (ANOVA). 5. Variability between the different diets were observed for digestible energy and the digestibility of certain nutrients (P < 0.05). 6. The observed differences in energy utilisation and nutrient digestibility in laying hens suggested that the feeding quality of diets containing different wheat DDGS batches produced by a single production plant may still have large variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Whiting
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University , Shropshire , UK
| | - S P Rose
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University , Shropshire , UK
| | - A M Mackenzie
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University , Shropshire , UK
| | - A M Amerah
- Danisco Animal Nutrition , Marlborough , UK
| | - V R Pirgozliev
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University , Shropshire , UK
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Hussain M, Mirza MA, Nawaz H, Asghar M, Ahmed G. Effect of Exogenous Protease, Mannanase, and Xylanase Supplementation in Corn and High Protein Corn DDGS Based Diets on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Nutrient Digestibility in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - MA Mirza
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - H Nawaz
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - M Asghar
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
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Adedokun SA, Pescatore AJ, Ford MJ, Ao T, Jacob JP. Investigating the effect of dietary calcium levels on ileal endogenous amino acid losses and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in broilers and laying hens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:131-139. [PMID: 29077891 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary Ca levels (low, 1% and high, 3%) on ileal endogenous amino acid losses (IEAAL) and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) in broilers (BR) and laying hens (LH) fed nitrogen-free diets (NFD) and distiller's dried grain with solubles (DDGS)-based diets. A total of 384 male Cobb 500 BR and 288 LH were used in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 16 (BR) or 12 (LH) replicate cages with 6 birds/replicate. IEAAL and apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS appropriate for a CRD while SIAAD values were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS appropriate for a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. For BR, IEAAL and N losses (mg/kg of dry matter intake, DMI) were higher (P < 0.05) when NFD with high Ca level was fed (total AA was 39%, N was 35% higher). For most of the AA, AID was higher (P < 0.05) in BR fed DDGS-based diet with high Ca level. High dietary Ca resulted in higher (P < 0.05) SIAAD for all the AA except for Arg, Lys, Met, Cys, and Tyr. For LH, AID of AA was higher (P < 0.05) for the DDGS diet with high Ca level in 13 of the 18 AA evaluated. There was interaction (P < 0.05) between diet Ca level and correction method on LH SIAAD values for Thr, Asp, Gly, and Ser. The SIAAD values for 8 AA were higher (P < 0.05) in birds on high Ca DDGS diet. Correction with low Ca NFD resulted in higher (P < 0.05) SIAAD values for all the AA. Result from this study showed that high Ca increased total IEAAL in BR by 39% but decreased same by 27% in LH. Finally, SIAAD values were increased in BR fed high Ca DDGS-based diet while SIAAD value in LH was lower when correction was done using values from high Ca-NFD fed birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Adedokun
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
| | - A J Pescatore
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
| | - M J Ford
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
| | - T Ao
- Alltech Inc., Catnip Pike, Nicholasville KY, USA
| | - J P Jacob
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY, USA
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9
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Olojede OC, Ford MJ, Jacob JP, Ao T, Pescatore AJ, Adedokun SA. The effect of drying method temperature, collection method, and marker type on apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in 21-day-old broilers fed corn-soybean meal-barley based diet. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2106-2112. [PMID: 29514296 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
For accurate estimation of nutrient digestibility, an ideal drying and sampling method is required to preserve the quality of the digesta. A standard corn-soybean meal (corn-SBM) broiler starter diet was fed from d 0 to 10 before birds were placed on the experimental diets until d 21. One hundred and sixty-eight male Cobb 500 broiler chicks were used to evaluate the effect of two drying methods (freeze-dryer vs. forced air-oven) and two drying temperatures (40 vs. 55°C) (Exp 1), while ninety-six chicks were used to evaluate the effect of flushing and squeezing as well as marker types (titanium vs. chromium) on apparent ileal DM, N, Ca, P, and AA digestibility (Exp 2). There were seven (Exp 1) or eight (Exp 2) replicate cages per treatment with 6 birds/cage. Digesta from the distal two thirds of the ileum was obtained from birds following euthanasia on d 21 by squeezing (Exp 1) and squeezing or flushing (Exp 2). Samples collected were stored in the freezer at -20°C until they were either freeze-dried (FD) or oven-dried (OD) at 40 or 55°C. There were no interactions between the drying methods and drying temperatures (Exp 1) on apparent ileal DM, N, and AA digestibility. Met had the highest (92.3%) while Cys had the lowest (73.8%) digestibility value. In Exp 2, no interaction between sampling methods and marker types was observed. The effect of sampling methods was not significant except for Arg and Met where squeezing resulted in higher (P < 0.05) digestibility values. Furthermore, apparent ileal His, Ile, Cys, Ser, and Tyr digestibility tended to be higher (P < 0.1) in squeezed digesta compared to the flushed digesta. Results from these studies showed that OD ileal digesta at 40 or 55°C had no negative effect on apparent ileal AA digestibility. Likewise, marker type did not influence apparent ileal AA digestibility values.
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Affiliation(s)
- O C Olojede
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - M J Ford
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - J P Jacob
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - T Ao
- Alltech Inc., Nicholasville KY, USA
| | - A J Pescatore
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - S A Adedokun
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
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Ullah Z, Rehman ZU, Yin Y, Stein HH, Hayat Z, Ahmed G, Nisa MU, Akhtar M, Sarwar M. Comparative ileal digestibility of amino acids in 00-rapeseed meal and rapeseed meal fed to growing male broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 96:2736-2742. [PMID: 28453657 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed meal (RSM) is a commonly used protein source in poultry diet but its usage is limited due to antinutritional factors, the glucosinolates (GLS) and erucic acid. The 00-rapeseed meal (00-RSM) is the developed variety of rapeseed with reduced GLS and erucic acid content through genetic selection. The present study was conducted with the objective of comparing the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in 00-RSM and RSM when fed to growing broilers. Three samples of each ingredient were collected from different sources. Two hundred and fifty two day-old male broilers (Hubbard × Hubbard) were fed a corn-soybean meal based starter diet in crumble form from day 1 to 13. On day 14, all chicks were individually weighed and randomly distributed to 42 replicate pens (6 birds in each pen). Six test diets (2 ingredient × 3 samples) with approximately 20% crude protein were made in mash form in such a way that the 6 test ingredients served as the sole source of AA in one diet. The endogenous AAs (EAA) were determined by feeding a nitrogen-free diet to six replicate pens. Each test diet was fed to six replicates of broiler chicks from 14 to 21 days of age. Results indicated that the SID of all AA differed (P < 0.001) among 00-RSM samples. Among RSM samples, the SID of AA varied for arginine, methionine (P < 0.01), histidine, leucine, lysine, aspartic acid, and phenylalanine (P < 0.05). A greater (P < 0.05) SID of all AA except arginine, histidine, phenylalanine, cysteine, and glutamic acid was observed in 00-RSM compared with RSM. In conclusion, 00-RSM had greater SID of AA compared with RSM and it is nutritionally superior to RSM to be used in broiler diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Ullah
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan 38000
| | - Zaib Ur Rehman
- Department of Poultry Science, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-Pakistan 46300.,Sadiq Feeds (Pvt.) Ltd. 48-C, Satellite Town, Chandni Chowk, Rawalpindi-Pakistan 46300
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Hans H Stein
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - Zafar Hayat
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-Pakistan 40100
| | - Gulraiz Ahmed
- Sadiq Feeds (Pvt.) Ltd. 48-C, Satellite Town, Chandni Chowk, Rawalpindi-Pakistan 46300
| | - Mahr Un Nisa
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Home Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad-Pakistan 38000
| | | | - Muhammad Sarwar
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan 38000
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Pirgozliev VR, Whiting IM, Mirza MW, Rose SP. Nutrient availability of different batches of wheat distiller’s dried grains with solubles for turkeys. Arch Anim Nutr 2018; 72:153-161. [DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2018.1435479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephen Paul Rose
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Shropshire, UK
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12
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Whiting I, Pirgozliev V, Rose S, Wilson J, Amerah A, Ivanova S, Staykova G, Oluwatosin O, Oso A. Nutrient availability of different batches of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles with and without exogenous enzymes for broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2017; 96:574-580. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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13
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Ullah Z, Ahmed G, Nisa MU, Sarwar M. Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Commonly Used Feed Ingredients in Growing Broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:1322-30. [PMID: 26954227 PMCID: PMC5003994 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) of commonly used feed ingredients in poultry diets in Pakistan. These feed ingredients included corn, rice broken (RB), rice polishings (RP), wheat bran (WB), sunflower meal (SFM), cottonseed meal (CSM), guar meal (GM), soybean meal (SBM) from India and Argentine and fish meal (FM). The SIAAD of each ingredient was determined in triplicate using 21-days-old broilers. Day-old male broiler chicks (Hubbard× Hubbard) were reared on corn-SBM based diet from 1 to 13 days and thereafter birds were fed experimental diets from day 14 to 21. Each diet was fed to 36 birds kept in six replicate cages, each cage had six birds. In cereals, the SIAAD of corn's amino acid (AA) (90.1%) was similar (p>0.05) to RB (89.0%). Isoleucine (97.8%) and lysine (96.9%) were highly digestible AA in corn and RB, respectively. Among cereal-by products, WB's SIAAD (76.9%) was same (p>0.05) as RP (71.9%). Arginine from WB (82.5%) and RP (83.2%) was highly digestible. However, threonine in WB (72.7%) and leucine in RP (69.6%) were the lowest digestible AAs. In plant protein meals, AAs from Argentine-SBM (85.1%) and Indian-SBM (83.4%) had higher (p<0.5) SIAAD than other protein meals. However, SIAAD of SFM (77.1%) and CSM (71.7%) was intermediate while GM (60.3%) exhibited the lowest (p<0.05) SIAAD among all ingredients. Arginine from GM (76.9%), CSM (85.8%), SBM-India (89.5%) and SBM-Argentine (91.5%) was highly digestible from indispensable AAs. In SFM, methionine (91.4%) SIAAD was the greatest. The average SIAAD of FM was 77.6%. Alanine from FM had the highest (84.0%) but cysteine (62.8%) had the lowest SIAAD. In conclusion, cereals i.e. corn and RB had higher (p<0.05) SIAAD of the cereals by-products. The SIAAD of RP and WB was same (p>0.05). The SBM from plant protein meals had higher (p<0.05) SIAAD than other studied feed ingredients. However, the GM had the lowest (p<0.05) SIAAD among protein meals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Ullah
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | | | - Mehr un Nisa
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Home Economics, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sarwar
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Determination in broilers and turkeys of true phosphorus digestibility and retention in wheat distillers dried grains with solubles without or with phytase supplementation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Adebiyi AO, Olukosi OA. Apparent and standardised ileal amino acid digestibility of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles with or without exogenous protease in broilers and turkeys. Br Poult Sci 2015; 56:239-46. [PMID: 25633411 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2015.1011606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The apparent (AIAAD) and standardised ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (wheat-DDGS) was determined for broilers and turkeys at 28 d using two experiments. A total of 84 male Ross 308 broiler chicks (Experiment 1) or 84 male BUT 10 turkey poults (Experiment 2) were offered a nutrient-adequate diet from d 1 to 23. On d 23, birds in each experiment were allocated to 4 treatments consisting of a nitrogen-free diet (NFD) (with or without protease) and an assay diet containing wheat-DDGS as the only source of amino acids (with or without protease) in a randomised complete block design. In Experiments 1 and 2, the coefficient of AIAAD or SIAAD of Lys and Asp were low irrespective of protease. In Experiment 1, the coefficient of AIAAD ranged from 0.35 (Ala) to 0.75 (Pro) without protease, whereas the range was 0.42 (Thr) to 0.82 (Pro) with protease. Protease improved the coefficient of AIAAD for Arg and Pro and tended to improve the coefficient of AIAAD for Met. Without protease, the coefficient of SIAAD ranged from 0.51 (Ala) to 0.84 (Pro), whereas the range was from 0.65 (Ala) to 0.93 (Pro) with protease. Protease improved the coefficient of SIAAD of Arg, Leu, Phe, Met, Val and Pro. In Experiment 2, the coefficient of AIAAD was lower than 0.50 for all amino acids except for Glu (0.70) and Pro (0.81) without protease. On the other hand, the coefficient of SIAAD ranged from 0.41 (Thr) to 0.89 (Pro) without protease, whereas the range was from 0.56 (Arg) to 0.88 (Pro) with protease supplementation. With the exception of Cys and Pro, protease improved the coefficient of AIAAD and SIAAD of all other amino acids by 0.05-0.19. It was concluded that the AIAAD and SIAAD of wheat-DDGS are variable and are generally greater in broilers compared to turkeys at 28 d of age. Protease improved the ileal digestibility of a large number of amino acids in wheat-DDGS for broilers and turkeys.
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Pedersen M, Dalsgaard S, Knudsen KB, Yu S, Lærke H. Compositional profile and variation of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles from various origins with focus on non-starch polysaccharides. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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O'Neill HM, White G, Li D, Bedford M, Htoo J, Wiseman J. Influence of the in vivo method and basal dietary ingredients employed in the determination of the amino acid digestibility of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles in broilers. Poult Sci 2014; 93:1178-85. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Pekel A, Çakır E, Polat M, Çakır K, İnan G, Kocabağlı N. Correlations between chemical assays and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for nutrient components and correlations between nutrients and color scores of distillers dried grains with solubles. J APPL POULTRY RES 2013. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2013-00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Olukosi O, Adebiyi A. Chemical composition and prediction of amino acid content of maize- and wheat-Distillers’ Dried Grains with Soluble. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Jie YZ, Zhang JY, Zhao LH, Ma QG, Ji C. The correlationship between the metabolizable energy content, chemical composition and color score in different sources of corn DDGS. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2013; 4:38. [PMID: 24066830 PMCID: PMC3816793 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-4-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was conducted to evaluate the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and true metabolizable energy (TME) contents in 30 sources of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in adult roosters, and establish the prediction equations to estimate the AME and TME value based on its chemical composition and color score. Methods Twenty-eight sources of corn DDGS made from several processing plants in 11 provinces of China and others imported from the United States. DDGS were analyzed for their metabolizable energy (ME) contents, measured for color score and chemical composition (crude protein, crude fat, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber), to predict the equation of ME in DDGS. A precision-fed rooster assay was used, each DDGS sample was tube fed (50 g) to adult roosters. The experiment was conducted as a randomized incomplete block design with 3 periods. Ninety-five adult roosters were used in each period, with 90 being fed the DDGS samples and 5 being fasted to estimate basal endogenous energy losses. Results Results showed that the AME ranged from 5.93 to 12.19 MJ/kg, TME ranged from 7.28 to 13.54 MJ/kg. Correlations were found between ME and ash content (-0.64, P < 0.01) and between ME and yellowness score (0.39, P < 0.05) of the DDGS samples. Furthermore, the best-fit regression equation for AME content of DDGS based on chemical composition and color score was AME = 6.57111 + 0.51475 GE - 0.10003 NDF + 0.13380 ADF + 0.07057 fat - 0.57029 ash - 0.02437 L (R2 = 0.70). The best-fit regression equation for TME content of DDGS was TME = 7.92283 + 0.51475 GE - 0.10003 NDF + 0.13380 ADF + 0.07057 fat - 0.57029 ash - 0.02437 L (R2 = 0.70). Conclusions This experiment suggested that measuring the chemical composition and color score of a corn DDGS sample may provide a quality parameter for identifying corn DDGS sources energy digestibility and metabolizable energy content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Z Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-H Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-G Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Burton EJ, Scholey DV, Williams PEV. Use of cereal crops for food and fuel - characterization of a novel bioethanol coproduct for use in meat poultry diets. Food Energy Secur 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Burton
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences; Nottingham Trent University; Brackenhurst Campus Nottingham NG25 0QF United Kingdom
| | - Dawn V. Scholey
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences; Nottingham Trent University; Brackenhurst Campus Nottingham NG25 0QF United Kingdom
| | - Peter E. V. Williams
- AB Vista - a division of AB Agri Ltd; 64 Innovation Way, Peterborough Business Park Lynch Wood Peterborough PE2 6FL United Kingdom
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Barekatain M, Antipatis C, Choct M, Iji P. Interaction between protease and xylanase in broiler chicken diets containing sorghum distillers’ dried grains with solubles. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Nandha NK, Woyengo TA, Payne RL, Nyachoti CM. Ileal digestibility of amino acids in pea protein isolates, wheat-corn distillers dried grains with solubles, and short-season corn fed to broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2013; 92:184-91. [PMID: 23243246 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids (AA) in 4 pea protein isolates [PPI; experiment (Exp.) 1], 5 wheat- and corn-derived distillers grains with solubles (wcDDGS; Exp. 2), and 5 short-season corn (Exp. 3) samples for broiler chickens were determined. In addition, a reference wheat sample was included in each experiment to measure the repeatability of the ileal digestibility assay used. Birds (n = 180 for Exp. 1 and n = 216 for Exp. 2 or 3) were fed test diets from d 15 to 21 of age. Reference wheat and PPI were included in test diets at 91.7 and 25%, respectively, as the sole source of AA, whereas wcDDGS and corn were combined with wheat in test diets at 47.7% test ingredient (wcDDGS or corn) and 51% wheat as the sources of AA. Chromic oxide at 0.3% was added in all diets as the indigestible marker. Each test diet was randomly assigned to 6 cages of 6 male birds each. On d 21, birds were killed and ileal digesta were collected to determine the AID of AA. The mean AID values for indispensable AA ranged from 86.0% (Thr) to 94.7% (Arg) for PPI, 50.7% (Lys) to 79.8% (Leu) for wcDDGS, and 73.9% (Thr) to 95.3% (Arg) for corn. Overall, the CV range for AID of AA was widest for wcDDGS (8.1% for Met to 29.4% for Lys) followed by corn (3.0% for Met to 10.7% for Thr) and then PPI (2.7% for Lys to 6.1% for Thr). For wcDDGS and corn, the within-sample variation (assay condition) was more than between-sample variation (feed differences), whereas the reverse was true for PPI. No differences were detected in the AID of CP and AA for reference wheat among experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Nandha
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
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Poureslami R, Batal A, Jung B. Effect of ileal sub-section and the method of collection of digesta on the determination of apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids in broilers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Widyaratne G, Drew M. Effects of protein level and digestibility on the growth and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens1. Poult Sci 2011; 90:595-603. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Bandegan A, Golian A, Kiarie E, Payne RL, Crow GH, Guenter W, Nyachoti CM. Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in wheat, barley, pea and flaxseed for broiler chickens. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas10076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bandegan A., Golian, A., Kiarie E., Payne R. L., Crow G. H., Guenter W. and Nyachoti C. M. 2011. Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in wheat, barley, pea and flaxseed for broiler chickens. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 103–111. Experiments were conducted to estimate ileal amino acids (AA) digestibility in six wheat (exp. 1; 288 birds), seven barley (exp. 2; 252 birds), five pea (exp. 3; 240 birds) and five flaxseed (exp. 4; 216 birds) samples in male Ross broiler chicks. Wheat, barley and pea were the sole source of dietary AA in exps. 1, 2 and 3, whereas, for exp. 4, flaxseed and wheat (50:50 wt/wt) or wheat provided dietary AA. Chromic oxide was the indigestible marker. Birds were fed chick starter for the first 14 d; on day 15 each test diet was randomly assigned to six cages, each with six (exps. 2 and 4) or eight (exps. 1 and 3) birds. On day 21, birds were killed and digesta were sampled to determine the apparent ileal AA digestibility (AID). The standardized ileal digestibility (SID) values were calculated using ileal endogenous AA losses previously determined in our laboratory from birds fed N-free diet. The mean SID values for indispensable AA ranged from 83.7% (Lys) to 93.8% (Phe), 80.4% (Arg) to 90.9% (Phe), 86.0% (Met+Cys) to 94.2% (Arg) and 47.4% (Thr) to 66.7% (Met) for wheat, barley, peas and flaxseed samples, respectively. Overall, SID AA estimates for flaxseed had higher (> 13%) coefficients of variation (CV) compared with other ingredients (CV<6%). These SID AA data will help nutritionists to formulate broiler diets that more closely match the birds' requirements and minimize nutrient excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bandegan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - A. Golian
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, Iran
| | - E. Kiarie
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - R. L. Payne
- Evonik Degussa Corporation, Kennesaw, GA, 30144-3694, USA
| | - G. H. Crow
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - W. Guenter
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - C. M. Nyachoti
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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Cozannet P, Primot Y, Gady C, Métayer J, Lessire M, Skiba F, Noblet J. Standardised amino acid digestibility of wheat distillers’ dried grains with solubles in force-fed cockerels. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:72-81. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2010.549106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bandegan A, Kiarie E, Payne R, Crow G, Guenter W, Nyachoti C. Standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in dry-extruded expelled soybean meal, extruded canola seed-pea, feather meal, and poultry by-product meal for broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2626-33. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Oryschak M, Korver D, Zuidhof M, Meng X, Beltranena E. Comparative feeding value of extruded and nonextruded wheat and corn distillers dried grains with solubles for broilers. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2183-96. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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