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Hou Y, Tang Y, Cai S. Advances in the study of microparticles in diabetic retinopathy. Postgrad Med J 2024:qgae046. [PMID: 38572927 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common diabetic microangiopathies, which severely impairs vision in diabetic population. The underlying mechanisms regarding the development of DR are not fully understood, and there is a lack of biomarkers to guide clinical, assessment of disease progression. Recently researchers have found that microparticles (MP) and its bioactive molecules are involved in the development of DR. MP is widely distributed in the circulation and can exert autocrine and paracrine benefits in intercellular signalling, provide a catalytic platform for the thrombospondin complex to promote coagulation, and promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species to cause endothelial damage. MP interacts with advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) and AGE receptor (RAGE) to activate inflammatory pathways. MP carries a variety of miRNAs that regulate the vascular endothelial growth factor generation pathway. MP has also been applied to the exploration of mesenchymal stromal cell replacement therapy to treat DR. In a word, MP provides new ideas for the study of DR. MP has emerged as a marker to assess the progression of DR. As a potential therapeutic target, MP also has considerable research value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Eye Hospital, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Eye Hospital, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shanjun Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Eye Hospital, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
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Liu J, Wang C, Qiu S, Sun W, Yang G, Yuan L. Toward Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Targets, Strategies, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1416-1428. [PMID: 38391247 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes vasculopathy is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and early identification and timely intervention can effectively slow the progression. Accumulating studies have shown that diabetes causes vascular complications directly or indirectly through a variety of mechanisms. Direct imaging of the endothelial molecular changes not only identifies the early stage of diabetes vasculopathy but also sheds light on the precise treatment. Targeted ultrasound contrast agent (UCA)-based ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) can noninvasively detect the expression status of molecular biomarkers overexpressed in the vasculature, thereby being a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment response evaluation of DM. Amounts of efforts have been focused on identification of the molecular targets expressed in the vasculature, manufacturing strategies of the targeted UCA, and the clinical translation for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both micro- and macrovasculopathy in DM. This review summarizes the latest research progress on endothelium-targeted UCA and discusses their promising future and challenges in diabetes vasculopathy theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Shuo Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
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Li B, Djahanpour N, Zamzam A, Syed MH, Jain S, Abdin R, Qadura M. Angiogenesis-related proteins as biomarkers for peripheral artery disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20166. [PMID: 37809892 PMCID: PMC10559913 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis plays an important role in peripheral artery disease (PAD) and angiogenesis-related proteins may act as prognostic biomarkers. This study assesses the potential for angiogenesis-related proteins to predict adverse events associated with PAD. Methods This was a case-control study. Patients with PAD (n = 250) and without PAD (n = 125) provided blood samples and were followed prospectively for three years. Concentrations of 17 angiogenesis-related proteins were measured in plasma. The incidence of major adverse limb event (MALE), defined as a composite of major amputation or vascular intervention, was the primary outcome. Worsening PAD status, defined as a drop in ankle brachial index ≥ 0.15, was the secondary outcome. Multivariable regression adjusted for baseline characteristics was conducted to determine the prognostication value of angiogenesis-related proteins in predicting MALE. Findings Relative to patients without PAD, 8 proteins related to angiogenesis were expressed differentially in PAD patients. Worsening PAD status and MALE were observed in 52 (14%) and 83 (22%) patients, respectively. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was the most reliable predictor of MALE (adjusted HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.15-0.86). Compared to individuals with high HGF, patients with low HGF had a decreased three-year freedom from MALE [66% vs 88%, p = 0.001], major amputation [93% vs 98%, p = 0.023], vascular intervention [68% vs 88%, p = 0.001], and worsening PAD status [81% vs 91%, p = 0.006]. Interpretation Measuring plasma levels of HGF in individuals with PAD can assist in identifying patients at elevated risk of adverse events related to PAD who may benefit from additional evaluation or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Niousha Djahanpour
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Abdelrahman Zamzam
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Muzammil H. Syed
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Shubha Jain
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Rawand Abdin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Mohammad Qadura
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
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Atreya MR, Cvijanovich NZ, Fitzgerald JC, Weiss SL, Bigham MT, Jain PN, Schwarz AJ, Lutfi R, Nowak J, Thomas NJ, Quasney M, Haileselassie B, Baines TD, Zingarelli B. SERUM SOLUBLE ENDOGLIN IN PEDIATRIC SEPTIC SHOCK-ASSOCIATED MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME. Shock 2023; 60:379-384. [PMID: 37493567 PMCID: PMC10529838 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Endothelial activation is a key driver of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Soluble endoglin (sENG) is expressed by mature and progenitor endothelial cells and thought to have angiogenic properties. We sought to determine the association between sENG and pediatric sepsis-associated MODS. Methods: Prospective observational study of pediatric septic shock. Primary outcome of interest was complicated course-a composite of death by (or) MODS on day 7 of illness. Secondary outcomes included individual organ dysfunctions. Endothelial biomarkers including sENG were measured using multiplex Luminex assays among patients with existing data on the Pediatric Sepsis Biomarker Risk Model (PERSEVERE-II) data. Multivariable regression was used to test the independent association between sENG and clinical outcomes. Serum sENG concentrations across PERSEVERE-II mortality risk strata and correlations with established markers of endothelial dysfunction were determined. Results: Three hundred six critically ill children with septic shock were included. Serum sENG concentrations were higher among those with primary and secondary outcomes of interest, with the exception of acute neurological dysfunction. Soluble endoglin was independently associated with increased odds of complicated course (adjusted odds ratio, 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.27; P = 0.038) and acute renal dysfunction (adjusted odds ratio, 1.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-2.876; P = 0.006). Soluble endoglin demonstrated graded responses across PERSEVERE-II risk strata and was positively correlated with endothelial biomarkers, except angiopoietin-1. Conclusions: Serum sENG is independently associated with complicated course and acute renal dysfunction in pediatric septic shock. Future studies are required to validate our observational data, and mechanistic studies are necessary to elucidate whether endoglin plays an organ-specific role in the development or resolution of acute renal dysfunction in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir R. Atreya
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | | | | | - Scott L. Weiss
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Parag N. Jain
- Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Riad Lutfi
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jeffrey Nowak
- Children’s Hospital and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA
| | - Neal J. Thomas
- Penn State Hershey Children’s Hospital, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Michael Quasney
- CS Mott Children’s Hospital at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Torrey D. Baines
- University of Florida Health Shands Children’s Hospital, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Basilia Zingarelli
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, 45229, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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Michna A, Pomorska A, Ozcan O. Biocompatible Macroion/Growth Factor Assemblies for Medical Applications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040609. [PMID: 37189357 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors are a class of proteins that play a role in the proliferation (the increase in the number of cells resulting from cell division) and differentiation (when a cell undergoes changes in gene expression becoming a more specific type of cell) of cells. They can have both positive (accelerating the normal healing process) and negative effects (causing cancer) on disease progression and have potential applications in gene therapy and wound healing. However, their short half-life, low stability, and susceptibility to degradation by enzymes at body temperature make them easily degradable in vivo. To improve their effectiveness and stability, growth factors require carriers for delivery that protect them from heat, pH changes, and proteolysis. These carriers should also be able to deliver the growth factors to their intended destination. This review focuses on the current scientific literature concerning the physicochemical properties (such as biocompatibility, high affinity for binding growth factors, improved bioactivity and stability of the growth factors, protection from heat, pH changes or appropriate electric charge for growth factor attachment via electrostatic interactions) of macroions, growth factors, and macroion-growth factor assemblies, as well as their potential uses in medicine (e.g., diabetic wound healing, tissue regeneration, and cancer therapy). Specific attention is given to three types of growth factors: vascular endothelial growth factors, human fibroblast growth factors, and neurotrophins, as well as selected biocompatible synthetic macroions (obtained through standard polymerization techniques) and polysaccharides (natural macroions composed of repeating monomeric units of monosaccharides). Understanding the mechanisms by which growth factors bind to potential carriers could lead to more effective delivery methods for these proteins, which are of significant interest in the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative and civilization diseases, as well as in the healing of chronic wounds.
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Kassab HS, Morsy EY, Abdirahman AN, Amin NG. Study of the relation between plasma level of von Willebrand factor and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-022-01139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major preventable health complication of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Hyperglycemia represents the main mechanism in the pathogenesis of DR leading eventually to endothelial dysfunction. vWF is a marker of endothelial dysfunction, but its relation to DR is not yet well-established.
Methods
The present study included 60 patients with T2DM divided into three equal groups according to the presence and the stage of retinopathy. Each patient was subjected to full history taking, physical examination including fundus examination, and laboratory investigations including glycemic and lipid profile, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), and plasma vWF level.
Results
Plasma vWF was significantly higher in patients with DR than in patients without retinopathy. vWF was positively correlated to age, HbA1c, diabetes duration, and UACR in DR groups and the total sample. Univariate regression analysis revealed that HbA1c, vWF, BMI, diabetes duration, and UACR were independent risk factors for DR, while multivariate regression analysis showed none of them to be an independent risk factor for DR. A vWF cut-off value of > 180 could differentiate patients with DR from patients without DR with a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 75%, and AUC 0.937*.
Conclusions
vWF level is higher in patients with DR reflecting the role of endothelial dysfunction in the development of DR. Moreover, it is one of the risk factors affecting DR in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. A cut-off value of vWF level was set to differentiate between patients with and without DR.
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