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Hagele D, Krake T, Weiskopf D. Uncertainty-Aware Multidimensional Scaling. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2023; 29:23-32. [PMID: 36191104 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present an extension of multidimensional scaling (MDS) to uncertain data, facilitating uncertainty visualization of multidimensional data. Our approach uses local projection operators that map high-dimensional random vectors to low-dimensional space to formulate a generalized stress. In this way, our generic model supports arbitrary distributions and various stress types. We use our uncertainty-aware multidimensional scaling (UAMDS) concept to derive a formulation for the case of normally distributed random vectors and a squared stress. The resulting minimization problem is numerically solved via gradient descent. We complement UAMDS by additional visualization techniques that address the sensitivity and trustworthiness of dimensionality reduction under uncertainty. With several examples, we demonstrate the usefulness of our approach and the importance of uncertainty-aware techniques.
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Panagiotidou G, Lamqaddam H, Poblome J, Brosens K, Verbert K, Vande Moere A. Communicating Uncertainty in Digital Humanities Visualization Research. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS 2023; 29:635-645. [PMID: 36166561 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to their historical nature, humanistic data encompass multiple sources of uncertainty. While humanists are accustomed to handling such uncertainty with their established methods, they are cautious of visualizations that appear overly objective and fail to communicate this uncertainty. To design more trustworthy visualizations for humanistic research, therefore, a deeper understanding of its relation to uncertainty is needed. We systematically reviewed 126 publications from digital humanities literature that use visualization as part of their research process, and examined how uncertainty was handled and represented in their visualizations. Crossing these dimensions with the visualization type and use, we identified that uncertainty originated from multiple steps in the research process from the source artifacts to their datafication. We also noted how besides known uncertainty coping strategies, such as excluding data and evaluating its effects, humanists also embraced uncertainty as a separate dimension important to retain. By mapping how the visualizations encoded uncertainty, we identified four approaches that varied in terms of explicitness and customization. This work contributes with two empirical taxonomies of uncertainty and it's corresponding coping strategies, as well as with the foundation of a research agenda for uncertainty visualization in the digital humanities. Our findings further the synergy among humanists and visualization researchers, and ultimately contribute to the development of more trustworthy, uncertainty-aware visualizations.
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Durant E, Rouard M, Ganko EW, Muller C, Cleary AM, Farmer AD, Conte M, Sabot F. Ten simple rules for developing visualization tools in genomics. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010622. [PMID: 36355753 PMCID: PMC9648702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Durant
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Syngenta Seeds SAS, Saint-Sauveur, France
- Bioversity International, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Bioinformatics (IFB)—South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Rouard
- Bioversity International, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Bioinformatics (IFB)—South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric W. Ganko
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Alan M. Cleary
- National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Farmer
- National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
| | | | - Francois Sabot
- DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Bioinformatics (IFB)—South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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