1
|
Fractionation and valorization of industrial bark residues by autohydrolysis and enzymatic saccharification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
2
|
Biotechnology for bioenergy dedicated trees: meeting future energy demands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 73:15-32. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
With the increase in human demands for energy, purpose-grown woody crops could be part of the global renewable energy solution, especially in geographical regions where plantation forestry is feasible and economically important. In addition, efficient utilization of woody feedstocks would engage in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, decreasing the challenge of food and energy security, and resolving the conflict between land use for food or biofuel production. This review compiles existing knowledge on biotechnological and genomics-aided improvements of biomass performance of purpose-grown poplar, willow, eucalyptus and pine species, and their relative hybrids, for efficient and sustainable bioenergy applications. This includes advancements in tree in vitro regeneration, and stable expression or modification of selected genes encoding desirable traits, which enhanced growth and yield, wood properties, site adaptability, and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Genetic modifications used to alter lignin/cellulose/hemicelluloses ratio and lignin composition, towards effective lignocellulosic feedstock conversion into cellulosic ethanol, are also examined. Biotech-trees still need to pass challengeable regulatory authorities’ processes, including biosafety and risk assessment analyses prior to their commercialization release. Hence, strategies developed to contain transgenes, or to mitigate potential transgene flow risks, are discussed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rueda-López M, Pascual MB, Pallero M, Henao LM, Lasa B, Jauregui I, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Cánovas FM, Ávila C. Overexpression of a pine Dof transcription factor in hybrid poplars: A comparative study in trees growing under controlled and natural conditions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174748. [PMID: 28376100 PMCID: PMC5380328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the role of the pine transcriptional regulator Dof 5 in carbon and nitrogen metabolism has been examined in poplar trees. The overexpression of the gene and potential effects on growth and biomass production were compared between trees growing in a growth chamber under controlled conditions and trees growing in a field trial during two growth seasons. Ten-week-old transgenic poplars exhibited higher growth than untransformed controls and exhibited enhanced capacity for inorganic nitrogen uptake in the form of nitrate. Furthermore, the transgenic trees accumulated significantly more carbohydrates such as glucose, fructose, sucrose and starch. Lignin content increased in the basal part of the stem likely due to the thicker stem of the transformed plants. The enhanced levels of lignin were correlated with higher expression of the PAL1 and GS1.3 genes, which encode key enzymes involved in the phenylalanine deamination required for lignin biosynthesis. However, the results in the field trial experiment diverged from those observed in the chamber system. The lines overexpressing PpDof5 showed attenuated growth during the two growing seasons and no modification of carbon or nitrogen metabolism. These results were not associated with a decrease in the expression of the transgene, but they can be ascribed to the nitrogen available in the field soil compared to that available for growth under controlled conditions. This work highlights the paramount importance of testing transgenic lines in field trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rueda-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Belén Pascual
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Pallero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Luisa María Henao
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Berta Lasa
- Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ivan Jauregui
- Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro M. Aparicio-Tejo
- Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Cánovas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Concepción Ávila
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gorshkov O, Mokshina N, Gorshkov V, Chemikosova S, Gogolev Y, Gorshkova T. Transcriptome portrait of cellulose-enriched flax fibres at advanced stage of specialization. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 93:431-449. [PMID: 27981388 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Functional specialization of cells is among the most fundamental processes of higher organism ontogenesis. The major obstacle to studying this phenomenon in plants is the difficulty of isolating certain types of cells at defined stages of in planta development for in-depth analysis. A rare opportunity is given by the developed model system of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) phloem fibres that can be purified from the surrounding tissues at the stage of the tertiary cell wall deposition. The performed comparison of the whole transcriptome profile in isolated fibres and other portions of the flax stem, together with fibre metabolism characterization, helped to elucidate the general picture of the advanced stage of plant cell specialization and to reveal novel participants potentially involved in fibre metabolism regulation and cell wall formation. Down-regulation of all genes encoding proteins involved in xylan and lignin synthesis and up-regulation of genes for the specific set of transcription factors transcribed during tertiary cell wall formation were revealed. The increased abundance of transcripts for several glycosyltransferases indicated the enzymes that may be involved in synthesis of fibre-specific version of rhamnogalacturonan I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Science, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Natalia Mokshina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Science, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Science, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Svetlana Chemikosova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Science, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Yuri Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Science, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia
| | - Tatyana Gorshkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Science, Lobachevsky str., 2/31, Kazan, 420111, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Healey AL, Lee DJ, Lupoi JS, Papa G, Guenther JM, Corno L, Adani F, Singh S, Simmons BA, Henry RJ. Evaluation of Relationships between Growth Rate, Tree Size, Lignocellulose Composition, and Enzymatic Saccharification in Interspecific Corymbia Hybrids and Parental Taxa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1705. [PMID: 27917179 PMCID: PMC5114311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In order for a lignocellulosic bioenergy feedstock to be considered sustainable, it must possess a high rate of growth to supply biomass for conversion. Despite the desirability of a fast growth rate for industrial application, it is unclear what effect growth rate has on biomass composition or saccharification. We characterized Klason lignin, glucan, and xylan content with response to growth in Corymbia interspecific F1 hybrid families (HF) and parental species Corymbia torelliana and C. citriodora subspecies variegata and measured the effects on enzymatic hydrolysis from hydrothermally pretreated biomass. Analysis of biomass composition within Corymbia populations found similar amounts of Klason lignin content (19.7-21.3%) among parental and hybrid populations, whereas glucan content was clearly distinguished within C. citriodora subspecies variegata (52%) and HF148 (60%) as compared to other populations (28-38%). Multiple linear regression indicates that biomass composition is significantly impacted by tree size measured at the same age, with Klason lignin content increasing with diameter breast height (DBH) (+0.12% per cm DBH increase), and glucan and xylan typically decreasing per DBH cm increase (-0.7 and -0.3%, respectively). Polysaccharide content within C. citriodora subspecies variegata and HF-148 were not significantly affected by tree size. High-throughput enzymatic saccharification of hydrothermally pretreated biomass found significant differences among Corymbia populations for total glucose production from biomass, with parental Corymbia torelliana and hybrids HF-148 and HF-51 generating the highest amounts of glucose (~180 mg/g biomass, respectively), with HF-51 undergoing the most efficient glucan-to-glucose conversion (74%). Based on growth rate, biomass composition, and further optimization of enzymatic saccharification yield, high production Corymbia hybrid trees are potentially suitable for fast-rotation bioenergy or biomaterial production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam L. Healey
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of QueenslandSt. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - David J. Lee
- Forest Industries Research Centre, University of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore, QLD, Australia
- Forestry & Biosciences, Agri-Science Queensland, Department of Agriculture and FisheriesGympie, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Gabriella Papa
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville, CA, USA
| | - Joel M. Guenther
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville, CA, USA
- Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, CA, USA
| | - Luca Corno
- Gruppo Ricicla – Biomass and Bioenergy Laboratory, DiSAA, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla – Biomass and Bioenergy Laboratory, DiSAA, University of MilanMilan, Italy
| | - Seema Singh
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville, CA, USA
- Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, CA, USA
| | - Blake A. Simmons
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville, CA, USA
- Biological and Engineering Sciences Center, Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, CA, USA
| | - Robert J. Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of QueenslandSt. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tatsis EC, O'Connor SE. New developments in engineering plant metabolic pathways. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 42:126-132. [PMID: 27132124 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plants contain countless metabolic pathways that are responsible for the biosynthesis of complex metabolites. Armed with new tools in sequencing and bioinformatics, the genes that encode these plant biosynthetic pathways have become easier to discover, putting us in an excellent position to fully harness the wealth of compounds and biocatalysts (enzymes) that plants provide. For overproduction and isolation of high-value plant-derived chemicals, plant pathways can be reconstituted in heterologous hosts. Alternatively, plant pathways can be modified in the native producer to confer new properties to the plant, such as better biofuel production or enhanced nutritional value. This perspective highlights a range of examples that demonstrate how the metabolic pathways of plants can be successfully harnessed with a variety of metabolic engineering approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos C Tatsis
- John Innes Centre, Department of Biological Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Sarah E O'Connor
- John Innes Centre, Department of Biological Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK. sarah.o'
| |
Collapse
|