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Barbaro F, Conza GD, Quartulli FP, Quarantini E, Quarantini M, Zini N, Fabbri C, Mosca S, Caravelli S, Mosca M, Vescovi P, Sprio S, Tampieri A, Toni R. Correlation between tooth decay and insulin resistance in normal weight males prompts a role for myo-inositol as a regenerative factor in dentistry and oral surgery: a feasibility study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1374135. [PMID: 39144484 PMCID: PMC11321979 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1374135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In an era of precision and stratified medicine, homogeneity in population-based cohorts, stringent causative entry, and pattern analysis of datasets are key elements to investigate medical treatments. Adhering to these principles, we collected in vivo and in vitro data pointing to an insulin-sensitizing/insulin-mimetic effect of myo-inositol (MYO) relevant to cell regeneration in dentistry and oral surgery. Confirmation of this possibility was obtained by in silico analysis of the relation between in vivo and in vitro results (the so-called bed-to-benchside reverse translational approach). Results Fourteen subjects over the 266 screened were young adult, normal weight, euglycemic, sedentary males having normal appetite, free diet, with a regular three-times-a-day eating schedule, standard dental hygiene, and negligible malocclusion/enamel defects. Occlusal caries were detected by fluorescence videoscanning, whereas body composition and energy balance were estimated with plicometry, predictive equations, and handgrip. Statistically significant correlations (Pearson r coefficient) were found between the number of occlusal caries and anthropometric indexes predicting insulin resistance (IR) in relation to the abdominal/visceral fat mass, fat-free mass, muscular strength, and energy expenditure adjusted to the fat and muscle stores. This indicated a role for IR in affecting dentin reparative processes. Consistently, in vitro administration of MYO to HUVEC and Swiss NIH3T3 cells in concentrations corresponding to those administered in vivo to reduce IR resulted in statistically significant cell replication (ANOVA/Turkey tests), suggesting that MYO has the potential to counteract inhibitory effects of IR on dental vascular and stromal cells turnover. Finally, in in silico experiments, quantitative evaluation (WOE and information value) of a bioinformatic Clinical Outcome Pathway confirmed that in vitro trophic effects of MYO could be transferred in vivo with high predictability, providing robust credence of its efficacy for oral health. Conclusion Our reverse bed-to-benchside data indicate that MYO might antagonize the detrimental effects of IR on tooth decay. This provides feasibility for clinical studies on MYO as a regenerative factor in dentistry and oral surgery, including dysmetabolic/aging conditions, bone reconstruction in oral destructive/necrotic disorders, dental implants, and for empowering the efficacy of a number of tissue engineering methodologies in dentistry and oral surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Barbaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery - DIMEC, Laboratory of Regenerative Morphology and Bioartificial Structures (Re.Mo.Bio.S.), Museum and Historical Library of Biomedicine - BIOMED, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giusy Di Conza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery - DIMEC, Laboratory of Regenerative Morphology and Bioartificial Structures (Re.Mo.Bio.S.), Museum and Historical Library of Biomedicine - BIOMED, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Pia Quartulli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery - DIMEC, Laboratory of Regenerative Morphology and Bioartificial Structures (Re.Mo.Bio.S.), Museum and Historical Library of Biomedicine - BIOMED, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Quarantini
- Odontostomatology Unit, and R&D Center for Artificial Intelligence in Biomedicine and Odontostomatology (A.I.B.O), Galliera Medical Center, San Venanzio di Galliera, Italy
| | - Marco Quarantini
- Odontostomatology Unit, and R&D Center for Artificial Intelligence in Biomedicine and Odontostomatology (A.I.B.O), Galliera Medical Center, San Venanzio di Galliera, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zini
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Celine Fabbri
- Course on Odontostomatology, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Mosca
- Course on Disorders of the Locomotor System, Fellow Program in Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Caravelli
- O.U. Orthopedics Bentivoglio, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mosca
- O.U. Orthopedics Bentivoglio, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Vescovi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery - DIMEC, Odontostomatology Section, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Toni
- CNR - ISSMC, Faenza, Italy
- Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna, Section IV - Medical Sciences, Bologna, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition Disorders Outpatient Clinic - OSTEONET (Osteoporosis, Nutrition, Endocrinology, and Innovative Therapies) and R&D Center A.I.B.O, Centro Medico Galliera, San Venanzio di Galliera, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center - Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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IGFs in Dentin Formation and Regeneration: Progress and Remaining Challenges. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:3737346. [PMID: 35432548 PMCID: PMC9007658 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3737346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary dentin results from the interplay between the host defense and dental injury or infection. Modern endodontics aiming vital pulp treatment take the tertiary dentin formation as the interim step, with the final goal of a physiological pulp-dentin like tissue regeneration. Dental pulp stem cells have been nominated for contributing to differentiating into odontoblast-like cells who are responsible for reparative dentin formation. Understanding the original dentin formation mechanism provides us a blueprint while exploring the reparative dentin formation mechanism builds bridge to bonafide pulp-dentin tissue regeneration. Among all the regulators, growth factors have long been revealed under the spotlight. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family has been implicated in critical events of inducing dentin formation, which is essential for pulp treatment. The expression of IGF family members including IGF1, IGF1R, IGF2, and IGF2R has been well characterized in dental papilla cells, dental pulp stem cells, and periodontal ligament cells. Recent studies indicated IGF binding to the receptors activated pathways, including MAPK pathway, and AKT pathway, orchestrated proliferation, and differentiation, and finally, contributed to dentin formation. This review summarizes the role of IGF family in dentin formation during tooth development and tertiary dentin formation during dentin-pulp repair and sheds light on key parts of research for future treatment improvements.
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The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on IGF Axis and Stem Cell Mediated Regeneration of the Periodontium. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8120202. [PMID: 34940355 PMCID: PMC8698546 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8120202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two of the most common and challenging health problems worldwide and they affect each other mutually and adversely. Current periodontal therapies have unpredictable outcome in diabetic patients. Periodontal tissue engineering is a challenging but promising approach that aims at restoring periodontal tissues using one or all of the following: stem cells, signalling molecules and scaffolds. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) represent ideal examples of stem cells and signalling molecules. This review outlines the most recent updates in characterizing MSCs isolated from diabetics to fully understand why diabetics are more prone to periodontitis that theoretically reflect the impaired regenerative capabilities of their native stem cells. This characterisation is of utmost importance to enhance autologous stem cells based tissue regeneration in diabetic patients using both MSCs and members of IGF axis.
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The Role of GH/IGF Axis in Dento-Alveolar Complex from Development to Aging and Therapeutics: A Narrative Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051181. [PMID: 34066078 PMCID: PMC8150312 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The GH/IGF axis is a major regulator of bone formation and resorption and is essential to the achievement of normal skeleton growth and homeostasis. Beyond its key role in bone physiology, the GH/IGF axis has also major pleiotropic endocrine and autocrine/paracrine effects on mineralized tissues throughout life. This article aims to review the literature on GH, IGFs, IGF binding proteins, and their respective receptors in dental tissues, both epithelium (enamel) and mesenchyme (dentin, pulp, and tooth-supporting periodontium). The present review re-examines and refines the expression of the elements of the GH/IGF axis in oral tissues and their in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of action in different mineralizing cell types of the dento-alveolar complex including ameloblasts, odontoblasts, pulp cells, cementoblasts, periodontal ligament cells, and jaw osteoblasts focusing on cell-specific activities. Together, these data emphasize the determinant role of the GH/IGF axis in physiological and pathological development, morphometry, and aging of the teeth, the periodontium, and oral bones in humans, rodents, and other vertebrates. These advancements in oral biology have elicited an enormous interest among investigators to translate the fundamental discoveries on the GH/IGF axis into innovative strategies for targeted oral tissue therapies with local treatments, associated or not with materials, for orthodontics and the repair and regeneration of the dento-alveolar complex and oral bones.
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Ultrashort Peptide Hydrogels Display Antimicrobial Activity and Enhance Angiogenic Growth Factor Release by Dental Pulp Stem/Stromal Cells. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092237. [PMID: 33925337 PMCID: PMC8123614 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies on peptide hydrogels have shown that ultrashort peptides (<8 amino acids) can self-assemble into hydrogels. Ultrashort peptides can be designed to incorporate antimicrobial motifs, such as positively charged lysine residues, so that the peptides have inherent antimicrobial characteristics. Antimicrobial hydrogels represent a step change in tissue engineering and merit further investigation, particularly in applications where microbial infection could compromise healing. Herein, we studied the biocompatibility of dental pulp stem/stromal cells (DPSCs) with an ultrashort peptide hydrogel, (naphthalene-2-ly)-acetyl-diphenylalanine-dilysine-OH (NapFFεKεK-OH), where the epsilon (ε) amino group forms part of the peptide bond rather than the standard amino grouping. We tested the antimicrobial properties of NapFFεKεK-OH in both solution and hydrogel form against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum and investigated the DPSC secretome in hydrogel culture. Our results showed NapFFεKεK-OH hydrogels were biocompatible with DPSCs. Peptides in solution form were efficacious against biofilms of S. aureus and E. faecalis, whereas hydrogels demonstrated antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis and F. nucleatum. Using an angiogenic array we showed that DPSCs encapsulated within NapFFεKεK-OH hydrogels produced an angiogenic secretome. These results suggest that NapFFεKεK-OH hydrogels have potential to serve as novel hydrogels in tissue engineering for cell-based pulp regeneration.
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Gaus S, Li H, Li S, Wang Q, Kottek T, Hahnel S, Liu X, Deng Y, Ziebolz D, Haak R, Schmalz G, Liu L, Savkovic V, Lethaus B. Shared Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms between the Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Bone Marrow Stem Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6697810. [PMID: 33628811 PMCID: PMC7884974 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6697810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the shared genetic and epigenetic mechanisms between the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The profiling datasets of miRNA expression in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from the dental pulp (DPSC) and bone marrow (BMSC) were searched in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) dysregulated in DPSC and BMSC osteodifferentiation. The target genes of the DEmiRNAs that were dysregulated in DPSC and BMSC osteodifferentiation were identified, followed by the identification of the signaling pathways and biological processes (BPs) of these target genes. Accordingly, the DEmiRNA-transcription factor (TFs) network and the DEmiRNAs-small molecular drug network involved in the DPSC and BMSC osteodifferentiation were constructed. RESULTS 16 dysregulated DEmiRNAs were found to be overlapped in the DPSC and BMSC osteodifferentiation, including 8 DEmiRNAs with a common expression pattern (8 upregulated DEmiRNAs (miR-101-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-3p/5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-34c-5p, miR-3607-3p, miR-378e, miR-671-3p, and miR-671-5p) and 1 downregulated DEmiRNA (miR-671-3p/5p)), as well as 8 DEmiRNAs with a different expression pattern (i.e., miR-1273g-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-337-3p, miR-382-3p, miR-4508, miR-4516, and miR-6087). Several signaling pathways (TNF, mTOR, Hippo, neutrophin, and pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells), transcription factors (RUNX1, FOXA1, HIF1A, and MYC), and small molecule drugs (curcumin, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), vitamin D3, arsenic trioxide, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and naringin) were identified as common regulators of both the DPSC and BMSC osteodifferentiation. CONCLUSION Common genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the osteodifferentiation of DPSCs and BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gaus
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Hanluo Li
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Simin Li
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Taian Central Hospital, Longtan Road No. 29, Taian, 271000 Shandong Province, China
| | - Tina Kottek
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Xiangqiong Liu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Beijing Tibetan Hospital, China Tibetology Research Center, 218 Anwaixiaoguanbeili Street, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yupei Deng
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Beijing Tibetan Hospital, China Tibetology Research Center, 218 Anwaixiaoguanbeili Street, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Rainer Haak
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo Chollege of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 100191 Shandong Province, China
| | - Vuk Savkovic
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Bernd Lethaus
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Leipzig 04103, Germany
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Moon JS, Nam YS, Kang JH, Yang DW, Kim DY, Lee SY, Ko HM, Kim MS, Kim SH. Regulatory role of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in odontogenic mineralization in rats. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:63-75. [PMID: 33141361 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09923-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Much information is currently available for molecules in early odontogenesis, but there is limited knowledge regarding terminal cytodifferentiation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts for the determination of normal crown morphology. The present differential display PCR (DD-PCR) revealed that insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) was differentially expressed in molar tooth germs between the cap (before crown mineralization) and root formation (after crown mineralization) stages. Real-time PCR confirmed that the expression levels of IGFBP1-4 were not significantly changed but those of IGFBP5-7 were upregulated in a time-dependent manner. Immunoreactivities for IGFBP5-7 were hardly seen in molar germs at the cap/early bell stage and protective-stage ameloblasts at the root formation stage. However, the reactivity was strong in odontoblasts and maturation-stage ameloblasts, which are morphologically and functionally characterized by wide intercellular space and active enamel matrix mineralization. The localization of each IGFBP was temporospatial. IGFBP5 was localized in the nuclei of fully differentiated odontoblasts and ameloblasts, while IGFBP6 was localized in the apical cytoplasm of ameloblasts and odontoblasts with dentinal tubules, and IGFBP7 was mainly found in the whole cytoplasm of odontoblasts and the intercellular space of ameloblasts. IGFBP silencing using specific siRNAs upregulated representative genes for dentinogenesis and amelogenesis, such as DMP1 and amelogenin, respectively, and augmented the differentiation media-induced mineralization, which was confirmed by alizarin red s and alkaline phosphatase staining. These results suggest that IGFBP5-7 may play independent and redundant regulatory roles in late-stage odontogenesis by modulating the functional differentiation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sun Moon
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Sung Nam
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hae Kang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Yang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yoon Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Young Lee
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mi Ko
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hun Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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Bashir NZ. The role of insulin-like growth factors in modulating the activity of dental mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104993. [PMID: 33259987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative treatment protocols are an exciting prospect in the management of oral pathology, as they allow for tissues to be restored to their original form and function, as compared to the reparative healing mechanisms which currently govern the outcomes of the majority of dental treatment. Stem cell therapy presents with a great deal of untapped potential in this pursuit of tissue regeneration, and, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental tissues are of specific relevance with regards to their applications in engineering craniofacial tissues. A number of mediatory factors are involved in modulating the actions of dental MSCs, and, of these, insulin like growth factors (IGFs) are known to have potent effects in governing the behavior of these cells. The IGF family comprises a number of primary ligands, receptors, and binding proteins which are known to modulate the key properties of dental MSCs, such as their proliferation rates, differentiation potential, and mineralisation. The aims of this review are three-fold: (i) to present an overview of dental MSCs and the role of growth factors in modulating their characteristics, (ii) to discuss in greater detail the specific role of IGFs and the benefits they may convey for tissue engineering, and (iii) to provide a summary of potential for in vivo clinical translation of the current in vitro body of evidence.
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Horsophonphong S, Sercia A, França CM, Tahayeri A, Reddy AP, Wilmarth PA, Surarit R, Smith AJ, Ferracane JL, Bertassoni LE. Equivalence of human and bovine dentin matrix molecules for dental pulp regeneration: proteomic analysis and biological function. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 119:104888. [PMID: 32932150 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare proteomics and biological function of human dentin matrix molecules (hDMMs) and bovine dentin matrix molecules (bDMMs). DESIGN Dentin powder from human or bovine teeth (n = 4) was demineralized in 10% (v/v) ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 7 days. The extracts were dialyzed, lyophilized and proteins were characterized using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and shotgun proteomic analysis. To study biological function, mouse-derived undifferentiated dental pulp cells (OD21) were treated with 0.01, 0.1 or 1 μg/mL of hDMMs or bDMMs and proliferation was measured after 24 hours and 48 hours using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell migration was assessed after 24 hours using a Boyden chamber. Alizarin Red S staining was used to evaluate mineral formation. RESULTS There were 307 proteins identified, of which 93 proteins were common to both species. Gene Ontology functional analysis demonstrated similar pattern of biological process in both species which consisted mainly of tissue development and biomineralization. hDMMs and bDMMs both enhanced cell proliferation. After 24 hours, all concentrations of bDMMs promoted cell proliferation (p ≤ 0.05), while hDMMs did not affect proliferation. After 48 hours, groups with 1μg/mL of bDMMs and 0.01μg/mL of hDMMs had increased cell proliferation compared to control (p ≤ 0.0001). All concentrations of hDMMs and bDMMs enhanced cell migration and mineralization (p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSION bDMMs has similar biological functions as hDMMs. Moreover, bDMMs stimulated cell proliferation, migration and differentiation similar to hDMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaporn Horsophonphong
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ashley Sercia
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cristiane M França
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anthony Tahayeri
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ashok P Reddy
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health and & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Phillip A Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health and & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Rudee Surarit
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anthony J Smith
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jack L Ferracane
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luiz E Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.
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