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Bardini R, Di Carlo S. Computational methods for biofabrication in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine - a literature review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:601-616. [PMID: 38283852 PMCID: PMC10818159 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This literature review rigorously examines the growing scientific interest in computational methods for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine biofabrication, a leading-edge area in biomedical innovation, emphasizing the need for accurate, multi-stage, and multi-component biofabrication process models. The paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric and contextual analysis, followed by a literature review, to shed light on the vast potential of computational methods in this domain. It reveals that most existing methods focus on single biofabrication process stages and components, and there is a significant gap in approaches that utilize accurate models encompassing both biological and technological aspects. This analysis underscores the indispensable role of these methods in understanding and effectively manipulating complex biological systems and the necessity for developing computational methods that span multiple stages and components. The review concludes that such comprehensive computational methods are essential for developing innovative and efficient Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine biofabrication solutions, driving forward advancements in this dynamic and evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bardini
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University of Turin, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Carlo
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Polytechnic University of Turin, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, Turin, 10129, Italy
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Zhao J, Lu F, Dong Z. Strategies for Constructing Tissue-Engineered Fat for Soft Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:395-408. [PMID: 38032533 PMCID: PMC10987464 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00607-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repairing soft tissue defects caused by inflammation, tumors, and trauma remains a major challenge for surgeons. Adipose tissue engineering (ATE) provides a promising way to solve this problem. METHODS This review summarizes the current ATE strategies for soft tissue reconstruction, and introduces potential construction methods for ATE. RESULTS Scaffold-based and scaffold-free strategies are the two main approaches in ATE. Although several of these methods have been effective clinically, both scaffold-based and scaffold-free strategies have limitations. The third strategy is a synergistic tissue engineering strategy and combines the advantages of scaffold-based and scaffold-free strategies. CONCLUSION Personalized construction, stable survival of reconstructed tissues and functional recovery of organs are future goals of building tissue-engineered fat for ATE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Plastic Surgery Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Mohapatra O, Gopu M, Ashraf R, Easo George J, Patil S, Mukherjee R, Kumar S, Mampallil D. Spheroids formation in large drops suspended in superhydrophobic paper cones. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:024107. [PMID: 38606014 PMCID: PMC11006428 DOI: 10.1063/5.0197807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of 3D cell culture for spheroid formation holds significant implications in cancer research, contributing to a fundamental understanding of the disease and aiding drug development. Conventional methods such as the hanging drop technique and other alternatives encounter limitations due to smaller drop volumes, leading to nutrient starvation and restricted culture duration. In this study, we present a straightforward approach to creating superhydrophobic paper cones capable of accommodating large volumes of culture media drops. These paper cones have sterility, autoclavability, and bacterial repellent properties. Leveraging these attributes, we successfully generate large spheroids of ovarian cancer cells and, as a proof of concept, conduct drug screening to assess the impact of carboplatin. Thus, our method enables the preparation of flexible superhydrophobic surfaces for laboratory applications in an expeditious manner, exemplified here through spheroid formation and drug screening demonstrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Mohapatra
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Maheshwar Gopu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Rahail Ashraf
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Jijo Easo George
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Saniya Patil
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Raju Mukherjee
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
| | - Dileep Mampallil
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O., 517507 Tirupati, AP, India
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Tevlek A, Kecili S, Ozcelik OS, Kulah H, Tekin HC. Spheroid Engineering in Microfluidic Devices. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3630-3649. [PMID: 36743071 PMCID: PMC9893254 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture techniques are commonly employed to investigate biophysical and biochemical cellular responses. However, these culture methods, having monolayer cells, lack cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, mimicking the cell microenvironment and multicellular organization. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture methods enable equal transportation of nutrients, gas, and growth factors among cells and their microenvironment. Therefore, 3D cultures show similar cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation properties to in vivo. A spheroid is defined as self-assembled 3D cell aggregates, and it closely mimics a cell microenvironment in vitro thanks to cell-cell/matrix interactions, which enables its use in several important applications in medical and clinical research. To fabricate a spheroid, conventional methods such as liquid overlay, hanging drop, and so forth are available. However, these labor-intensive methods result in low-throughput fabrication and uncontrollable spheroid sizes. On the other hand, microfluidic methods enable inexpensive and rapid fabrication of spheroids with high precision. Furthermore, fabricated spheroids can also be cultured in microfluidic devices for controllable cell perfusion, simulation of fluid shear effects, and mimicking of the microenvironment-like in vivo conditions. This review focuses on recent microfluidic spheroid fabrication techniques and also organ-on-a-chip applications of spheroids, which are used in different disease modeling and drug development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atakan Tevlek
- METU
MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Seren Kecili
- The
Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Ozge S. Ozcelik
- The
Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Haluk Kulah
- METU
MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- The
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - H. Cumhur Tekin
- METU
MEMS Research and Application Center, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- The
Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute
of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
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Shahrivari S, Aminoroaya N, Ghods R, Latifi H, Afjei SA, Saraygord-Afshari N, Bagheri Z. Toxicity of trastuzumab for breast cancer spheroids: Application of a novel on-a-chip concentration gradient generator. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Juarez-Moreno K, Chávez-García D, Hirata G, Vazquez-Duhalt R. Monolayer (2D) or spheroids (3D) cell cultures for nanotoxicological studies? Comparison of cytotoxicity and cell internalization of nanoparticles. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 85:105461. [PMID: 36049398 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cell culture monolayers are commonly used for toxicological assessments of nanomaterials. Despite their facile handling, they exhibit several constraints due to their structural and complexity differences with three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell models, such as spheroids. Here, we conducted a comparative nanotoxicological study of fibroblasts (L929) and melanoma (B16-F10) cells, grown in 2D and 3D arrangements. The cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, genotoxicity, cell morphology complexity, and uptake of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and folic acid-functionalized upconversion nanoparticles (FA-UCNPs) were compared in the two culture arrangements. AgNPs cytotoxicity was higher in spheroids than in monolayer cultures. Furthermore, apoptotic cell percentages and ROS production were higher in 3D than in 2D cell cultures. More importantly, 2D cultures required twice the concentration of AgNPs than the 3D cell models to reach a considerable DNA damage index (c.a. 200). Therefore, spheroids are more sensitive to the genotoxic effects of AgNPs. FA-UCNPs exerted negligible cell toxicity in 2D and 3D cell models. Moreover, AgNPs induced disaggregation and downsizing of spheroids in a facile and concentration-dependent manner. Internalization of FA-UCNPs in spheroids was 20% higher than in the 2D cell arrangements. Collectively, our findings, demonstrated that spheroids are a more sensitive model than monolayers for the assessment of nanoparticle biocompatibility and internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Juarez-Moreno
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
| | | | - Gustavo Hirata
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
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Ro J, Kim J, Cho YK. Recent advances in spheroid-based microfluidic models to mimic the tumour microenvironment. Analyst 2022; 147:2023-2034. [PMID: 35485712 DOI: 10.1039/d2an00172a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroid models can recapitulate the human tumour microenvironment with more accuracy than conventional cell culture models, as they include complex architectural structures and dynamic cellular interactions. Among the diverse platforms for spheroid formation, microfluidic platforms have been extensively applied to study spheroids because they can mimic the in vivo microenvironment. This review provides an overview of the advantages of 3D spheroid cultures with a summary of the recent applications for tumour microenvironment-focused cellular interactions, as well as the studies on spheroids and external stimuli. These 3D tumour spheroid-based microfluidic devices will provide a platform for a better understanding of cellular and external interactions, as well as the discovery of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooyoung Ro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Korea. .,Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, Korea
| | - Junyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Korea.
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Korea. .,Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan, Korea
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Zhang T, Zhang H, Zhou W, Jiang K, Liu C, Wang R, Zhou Y, Zhang Z, Mei Q, Dong WF, Sun M, Li H. One-Step Generation and Purification of Cell-Encapsulated Hydrogel Microsphere With an Easily Assembled Microfluidic Device. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:816089. [PMID: 35155414 PMCID: PMC8831896 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.816089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-laden hydrogel microspheres with uniform size show great potential for tissue repair and drug screening applications. Droplet microfluidic systems have been widely used for the generation of cell-laden hydrogel microspheres. However, existing droplet microfluidic systems are mostly based on complex chips and are not compatible with well culture plates. Moreover, microspheres produced by droplet microfluidics need demulsification and purification from oil, which requires time and effort and may compromise cell viability. Herein, we present a simple one-step approach for producing and purifying hydrogel microspheres with an easily assembled microfluidic device. Droplets were generated and solidified in the device tubing. The obtained hydrogel microspheres were then transferred to a tissue culture plate filled with cell culture media and demulsified through evaporation of the oil at 37°C. The removal of oil caused the gelled microspheres to be released into the cell culture media. The encapsulated cells demonstrated good viability and grew into tumor spheroids in 12–14 days. Single cell-laden hydrogel microspheres were also obtained and grown into spheroid in 14 days. This one-step microsphere generation method shows good potential for applications in automated spheroid and organoid cultures as well as drug screening, and could potentially offer benefits for translation of cell/microgel technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Fei Dong, ; Minxuan Sun, ; Haiwen Li, ; Tao Zhang,
| | - Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuping Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
| | - Keming Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
| | - Cong Liu
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanshuai Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Mei
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Fei Dong, ; Minxuan Sun, ; Haiwen Li, ; Tao Zhang,
| | - Minxuan Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Fei Dong, ; Minxuan Sun, ; Haiwen Li, ; Tao Zhang,
| | - Haiwen Li
- CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wen-Fei Dong, ; Minxuan Sun, ; Haiwen Li, ; Tao Zhang,
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