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Creppy J, Cabrera M, Kahlaoui N, Pardessus J, Lemaitre J, Naninck T, Delache B, Roseau G, Ducancel F, Vecellio L. Comparison of Aerosol Deposition Between a Cynomolgus Macaque and a 3D Printed Cast Model of the Animal. Pharm Res 2023; 40:765-775. [PMID: 36653519 PMCID: PMC9848713 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical aerosol studies using animals are essential for evaluating toxic or therapeutic effects on human respiratory tract. Macaques are relevant animal models for respiratory studies, but they are sensitive, expensive and difficult-to-access. METHODS In the context of preliminary studies before animal experiments, we set up an alternative in vitro anatomical model of macaque airways to reduce, refine and replace (3Rs) the animals. We printed an in vitro anatomical cast until the third bronchial division from X-ray computed tomography data of a healthy cynomolgus macaque. This in vitro model was then connected to a respiratory pump to mimic macaque's breathing. We assessed the relevance of this in vitro model, by comparing aerosol deposition patterns obtained with the anatomical model and in three macaques using planar gamma camera imaging. DTPA-99mTechnetium aerosols were produced using three jet nebulizers, generating three different particle sizes: 13.1, 3.2 and 0.93 µm in terms of the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD). RESULTS The data showed no statistical differences between the animal and anatomical in vitro models in terms of total aerosol deposited in the airways. However, the distribution of the deposition in the airways showed a higher deposited fraction in the upper respiratory tract in the animals than the in vitro model for all particle sizes. CONCLUSIONS The anatomical printed model appears to be a relevant in vitro tool to predict total aerosol deposition in macaque airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina Creppy
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Haematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, 18, Route du Panorama, DRF/JACOB/IDMIT, BAT 62 - Pce 308, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Cedex, France.
- Université de Tours, Centre d'Étude Des Pathologies Respiratoires, INSERM U1100, Tours, France.
| | - Maria Cabrera
- Université de Tours, Centre d'Étude Des Pathologies Respiratoires, INSERM U1100, Tours, France
| | - Nidhal Kahlaoui
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Haematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, 18, Route du Panorama, DRF/JACOB/IDMIT, BAT 62 - Pce 308, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Jeoffrey Pardessus
- Université de Tours, Centre d'Étude Des Pathologies Respiratoires, INSERM U1100, Tours, France
| | - Julien Lemaitre
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Haematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, 18, Route du Panorama, DRF/JACOB/IDMIT, BAT 62 - Pce 308, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Thibaut Naninck
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Haematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, 18, Route du Panorama, DRF/JACOB/IDMIT, BAT 62 - Pce 308, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Delache
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Haematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, 18, Route du Panorama, DRF/JACOB/IDMIT, BAT 62 - Pce 308, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Georges Roseau
- Université de Tours, Plateforme Scientifique Et Technique-Animalerie (PST-A), Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Ducancel
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Autoimmune, Haematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, 18, Route du Panorama, DRF/JACOB/IDMIT, BAT 62 - Pce 308, 92265, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Vecellio
- Université de Tours, Centre d'Étude Des Pathologies Respiratoires, INSERM U1100, Tours, France
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Administration of Bacteriophages via Nebulization during Mechanical Ventilation: In Vitro Study and Lung Deposition in Macaques. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030602. [PMID: 36992312 PMCID: PMC10051375 DOI: 10.3390/v15030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages have been identified as a potential treatment option to treat lung infection in the context of antibiotic resistance. We performed a preclinical study to predict the efficacy of delivery of bacteriophages against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) when administered via nebulization during mechanical ventilation (MV). We selected a mix of four anti-PA phages containing two Podoviridae and two Myoviridae, with a coverage of 87.8% (36/41) on an international PA reference panel. When administered via nebulization, a loss of 0.30–0.65 log of infective phage titers was measured. No difference between jet, ultrasonic and mesh nebulizers was observed in terms of loss of phage viability, but a higher output was measured with the mesh nebulizer. Interestingly, Myoviridae are significantly more sensitive to nebulization than Podoviridae since their long tail is much more prone to damage. Phage nebulization has been measured as compatible with humidified ventilation. Based on in vitro measurement, the lung deposition prediction of viable phage particles ranges from 6% to 26% of the phages loaded in the nebulizer. Further, 8% to 15% of lung deposition was measured by scintigraphy in three macaques. A phage dose of 1 × 109 PFU/mL nebulized by the mesh nebulizer during MV predicts an efficient dose in the lung against PA, comparable with the dose chosen to define the susceptibility of the strain.
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