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Delgado-Enciso I, Aurelien-Cabezas NS, Meza-Robles C, Walle-Guillen M, Hernandez-Fuentes GA, Cabrera-Licona A, Hernandez-Rangel AE, Delgado-Machuca M, Rodriguez-Hernandez A, Beas-Guzman OF, Cardenas-Aguilar CB, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Martinez-Fierro ML, Chaviano-Conesa D, Paz-Michel BA. Efficacy of neutral electrolyzed water vs. common topical antiseptics in the healing of full‑thickness burn: Preclinical trial in a mouse model. Biomed Rep 2024; 21:189. [PMID: 39479362 PMCID: PMC11522847 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries impose challenges such as infection risk, pain management, fluid loss, electrolyte imbalance and psychological and emotional impact, on healthcare professionals, requiring effective treatments to enhance wound healing. The present study evaluated the efficacy superoxidized electrolyzed solution (SES), with low (SES-low) or high (SES-high) concentrations of active species, alone or in combination with a formulation in gel (G), in comparison with commonly prescribed treatments for burn injury, including nitrofurazone (NF) and silver sulfadiazine (S); normal saline was used as placebo (PI). A scald burn model was established in BALB/c mice. Measurements of the burned area and histological parameters such as inflammatory infiltration state, epithelial regeneration and collagen fibers were evaluated on days 3, 6, 9, 18 and 32 to assess healing score and status. All treatments achieved wound closure at day 32; histopathological parameters indicated that SES-low and SES-low + G performed better than the Pl and S groups (P<0.05). All treatments showed a lower count of inflammatory cells compared with S (P<0.05); for collagen deposition and orientation, SES-low + G showed a more uniform horizontal orientation compared with Pl, SES-high + G, NF and S groups (P<0.05). SES-Low was the most effective substance to induce favorable and organized healing, while S was the worst, inducing disorganized closure of the wound due to a pro-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Delgado-Enciso
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
- Department of Research, State Cancerology Institute of Colima, Health Services of The Mexican Social Security Institute for Welfare (IMSS-BIENESTAR Colima), Colima 28085, Mexico
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | | | - Carmen Meza-Robles
- Department of Research, State Cancerology Institute of Colima, Health Services of The Mexican Social Security Institute for Welfare (IMSS-BIENESTAR Colima), Colima 28085, Mexico
| | - Mireya Walle-Guillen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Marina Delgado-Machuca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | | | - Oscar F. Beas-Guzman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | | | - Iram P. Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Molecular and Structural Physiology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
| | - Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Academic Unit of Human Medicine and Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, México
| | - Daniel Chaviano-Conesa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
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Genna VG, Maurizi E, Rama P, Pellegrini G. Biology and medicine on ocular surface restoration: Advancements and limits of limbal stem cell deficiency treatments. Ocul Surf 2024; 35:57-67. [PMID: 39580144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/13/2024] [Indexed: 11/25/2024]
Abstract
Ocular vision can be hampered by corneal damages, sensibly reducing patients' quality of life and having important social and economic consequences. Ocular surface diseases, which often lead to corneal opacities with visual impairment are the most severe forms of the Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency (LSCD). The present review provides an updated perspective on the available treatments for LSCD, focusing on clinical and biological features, as well as critical points to monitor during clinical translation. Recently developed surgical treatments for LSCD are described, along with their benefits and limitations, with the aim of addressing the issue of correct patient selection. Autologous surgical approaches have been attempted, such as conjunctival limbal autograft (CLAU), simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET), and others. Allogeneic limbal stem cell transplantation represents an alternative but carries risk of rejection and requires immunosuppression. Other potential treatments are based on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), but they require further investigation. The development of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) such as cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET), or the use of other epithelia as cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cell transplantation (COMET), has opened additional therapeutic possibilities. Some common critical issues in clinical translation are described, such as patient selection, biopsy procurement, or the use of human/animal derived components, which require rigorous validation to ensure safety and efficacy. Personalized medicine is a promising field for ocular surface restoration, where long-term follow-up studies and standardized criteria are crucial to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments and their cost-effectiveness in providing high-value healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Maurizi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine ''S. Ferrari'', University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Rama
- Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine ''S. Ferrari'', University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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3
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Borowiec BM, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Bukowska D, Nowicki M, Budna-Tukan J. Small Extracellular Vesicles and Oral Mucosa: The Power Couple in Regenerative Therapies? Cells 2024; 13:1514. [PMID: 39329698 PMCID: PMC11429515 DOI: 10.3390/cells13181514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although ongoing debates persist over the scope of phenomena classified as regenerative processes, the most up-to-date definition of regeneration is the replacement or restoration of damaged or missing cells, tissues, organs, or body parts to full functionality. Despite extensive research on this topic, new methods in regenerative medicine are continually sought, and existing ones are being improved. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have gained attention for their regenerative potential, as evidenced by existing studies conducted by independent research groups. Of particular interest are sEVs derived from the oral mucosa, a tissue renowned for its rapid regeneration and minimal scarring. While the individual regenerative potential of both sEVs and the oral mucosa is somewhat understood, the combined potential of sEVs derived from the oral mucosa has not been sufficiently explored and highlighted in the existing literature. Serving as a broad compendium, it aims to provide scientists with essential and detailed information on this subject, including the nature of the materials employed, isolation and analysis methodologies, and clinical applications. The content of this survey aims to facilitate the comparison of diverse methods for working with sEVs derived from the oral mucosa, aiding in the planning of research endeavors and identifying potential research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Maria Borowiec
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland (M.N.)
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland (M.N.)
| | - Joanna Budna-Tukan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland (M.N.)
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
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Meissner JM, Chmielińska A, Ofri R, Cisło-Sankowska A, Marycz K. Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Equine Adipose-Derived Stromal Stem Cells (ASCs) Mitigate Tunicamycin-Induced ER Stress in Equine Corneal Stromal Stem Cells (CSSCs). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3251-3277. [PMID: 38666934 PMCID: PMC11048834 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Corneal ulcers, characterized by severe inflammation of the cornea, can lead to serious, debilitating complications and may be vision-threatening for horses. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in corneal stem progenitor cell (CSSC) dysfunction and explore the potential of equine adipose-derived stromal stem cell (ASC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to improve corneal wound healing. We showed that CSSCs expressed high levels of CD44, CD45, and CD90 surface markers, indicating their stemness. Supplementation of the ER-stress-inducer tunicamycin to CSSCs resulted in reduced proliferative and migratory potential, accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stressed cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, increased expression of proinflammatory genes, induced oxidative stress and sustained ER stress, and unfolded protein response (UPR). Importantly, treatment with EVs increased the proliferative activity and number of cells in the G2/Mitosis phase, enhanced migratory ability, suppressed the overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines, and upregulated the anti-inflammatory miRNA-146a-5p, compared to control and/or ER-stressed cells. Additionally, EVs lowered the expression of ER-stress master regulators and effectors (PERK, IRE1, ATF6, and XBP1), increased the number of mitochondria, and reduced the expression of Fis-1 and Parkin, thereby promoting metabolic homeostasis and protecting against apoptosis in equine CSSCs. Our findings demonstrate that MSCs-derived EVs represent an innovative and promising therapeutic strategy for the transfer of bioactive mediators which regulate various cellular and molecular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M. Meissner
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Chmielińska
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mala, Poland; (A.C.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Ron Ofri
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Anna Cisło-Sankowska
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mala, Poland; (A.C.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mala, Poland; (A.C.); (A.C.-S.)
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95516, USA
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Nidhi V, Sangwan J, Sood S, Mondal M, Sangwan B, Vohra M, Gour A, Mathur U, Sangwan VS, Acharya M, Tiwari A. Krupple-like factor 4 (KLF4) methylation signature in host cell in active viral keratitis with epithelial manifestation. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109771. [PMID: 38163580 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
HSV1 presents as epithelial or stromal keratitis or keratouveitis and can lead to sight-threatening complications. KLF4, a critical transcription factor, and regulator of cell growth and differentiation, is essential in corneal epithelium stratification and homeostasis. Here, we want to understand the epigenetic modification specifically the methylation status of KLF4 in epithelium samples of HSV1 keratitis patients. After obtaining consent, epithelial scrapes were collected from 7 patients with clinically diagnosed HSV1 keratitis and 7 control samples (patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy). Genomic DNA was isolated from the collected samples using the Qiagen DNeasy Kit. Subsequently, bisulfite modification was performed. The bisulphite-modified DNA was then subjected to PCR amplification using specific primers designed to target the KLF4, ACTB gene region, allowing for the amplification of methylated and unmethylated DNA sequences. The amplified DNA products were separated and visualized on a 3% agarose gel. KLF4 hypermethylation was found in 6 out of 7 (85.71%) eyes with viral keratitis, while 1 eye showed hypomethylation compared to PRK samples. Out of these 6, there were 2 each of epithelial dendritic keratitis, epithelial geographical keratitis, and neurotrophic keratitis. The patient with hypomethylated KLF4 had a recurrent case of HSV1 keratitis with multiple dendrites and associated vesicular lesions of the lip along with a history of fever. KLF4 hypermethylation in most viral keratitis cases indicated the under functioning of KLF4 and could indicate a potential association between KLF4 hypermethylation and the development or progression of HSV1 keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsala Nidhi
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Sangwan
- Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Sood
- Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Moumita Mondal
- Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Bharti Sangwan
- Shroff-Pandorum Centre for Ocular Regeneration (SP-CORE), Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Mehak Vohra
- Shroff-Pandorum Centre for Ocular Regeneration (SP-CORE), Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Abha Gour
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Shroff-Pandorum Centre for Ocular Regeneration (SP-CORE), Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Umang Mathur
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Shroff-Pandorum Centre for Ocular Regeneration (SP-CORE), Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Virender Singh Sangwan
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Shroff-Pandorum Centre for Ocular Regeneration (SP-CORE), Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Acharya
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Tiwari
- Eicher Shroff Center for Stem Cells Research (ES-CSCR), Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India; Shroff-Pandorum Centre for Ocular Regeneration (SP-CORE), Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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Merra A, Maurizi E, Pellegrini G. Impact of culture media on primary human corneal endothelial cells derived from old donors. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109815. [PMID: 38316204 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Corneal endothelial dysfunction is a major indication for corneal transplantation. However, a global shortage of donor corneal tissues and risks associated with corneal surgeries have prompted exploration of alternative options, including tissue-engineered grafts or cell injection therapy. Nonetheless, these approaches require a controlled culture of primary human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs). Although HCEnCs established from young donors are generally more proliferative and maintain a better phenotype, corneas from old donors are more frequently accessible from eye banks due to a lower corneal endothelial cell count than the necessary threshold required for transplantation. In this study, we investigated various culture media to evaluate which one is the most appropriate for stimulating the proliferation while maintaining cell morphology and function of HCEnCs derived from old donors (age >65 years). All experiments were performed on paired research-grade donor corneas, divided for the conditions under investigation in order to minimize the inter-donor variability. Cell morphology as well as expression of specific markers were assessed at both mRNA (CD166, SLC4A11, ATP1A1, COL8A1, α-SMA, CD44, COL1A1, CDKN2A, LAP2A and LAP2B) and protein (ZO-1, α-SMA, Ki67 and LAP2) levels. Results obtained showed how the Dual Media formulation maintained the hexagonal phenotype more efficiently than Single Medium, but cell size gradually increased with passages. In contrast, the Single Medium provided a higher proliferation rate and a prolonged in vitro expansion but acquired an elongated morphology. To summarize, Single medium and Dual media preserve morphology and functional phenotype of HCEnCs from old donor corneas at low passages while maintenance of the same cell features at high passages remains an active area of research. The new insights revealed within this work become particularly relevant considering that the elderly population a) is the main target of corneal endothelial therapy, b) represents the majority of corneal donors. Therefore, the proper expansion of HCEnCs from old donors is essential to develop novel personalised therapeutic strategies and reduce requirement of human corneal tissues globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Merra
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l., Modena, Italy; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maurizi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l., Modena, Italy; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Izumi K, Yortchan W, Aizawa Y, Kobayashi R, Hoshikawa E, Ling Y, Suzuki A. Recent trends and perspectives in reconstruction and regeneration of intra/extra-oral wounds using tissue-engineered oral mucosa equivalents. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2023; 59:365-374. [PMID: 37954029 PMCID: PMC10632115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Many conditions, including cancer, trauma, and congenital anomalies, can damage the oral mucosa. Multiple cultures of oral mucosal cells have been used for biocompatibility tests and oral biology studies. In recent decades, the clinical translation of tissue-engineered products has progressed significantly in developing tangible therapies and inspiring advancements in medical science. However, the reconstruction of an intraoral mucosa defect remains a significant challenge. Despite the drawbacks of donor-site morbidity and limited tissue supply, the use of autologous oral mucosa remains the gold standard for oral mucosa reconstruction and repair. Tissue engineering offers a promising solution for repairing and reconstructing oral mucosa tissues. Cell- and scaffold-based tissue engineering approaches have been employed to treat various soft tissue defects, suggesting the potential clinical use of tissue-engineered oral mucosa (TEOMs). In this review, we first cover the recent trends in the reconstruction and regeneration of extra-/intra-oral wounds using TEOMs. Next, we describe the current status and challenges of TEOMs. Finally, future strategic approaches and potential technologies to support the advancement of TEOMs for clinical use are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Izumi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Witsanu Yortchan
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Yuka Aizawa
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Emi Hoshikawa
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
- Division of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ayako Suzuki
- Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Japan
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Attico E, Galaverni G, Torello A, Bianchi E, Bonacorsi S, Losi L, Manfredini R, Lambiase A, Rama P, Pellegrini G. Comparison between Cultivated Oral Mucosa and Ocular Surface Epithelia for COMET Patients Follow-Up. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11522. [PMID: 37511281 PMCID: PMC10380900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Total bilateral Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency is a pathologic condition of the ocular surface due to the loss of corneal stem cells. Cultivated oral mucosa epithelial transplantation (COMET) is the only autologous successful treatment for this pathology in clinical application, although abnormal peripheric corneal vascularization often occurs. Properly characterizing the regenerated ocular surface is needed for a reliable follow-up. So far, the univocal identification of transplanted oral mucosa has been challenging. Previously proposed markers were shown to be co-expressed by different ocular surface epithelia in a homeostatic or perturbated environment. In this study, we compared the transcriptome profile of human oral mucosa, limbal and conjunctival cultured holoclones, identifying Paired Like Homeodomain 2 (PITX2) as a new marker that univocally distinguishes the transplanted oral tissue from the other epithelia. We validated PITX2 at RNA and protein levels to investigate 10-year follow-up corneal samples derived from a COMET-treated aniridic patient. Moreover, we found novel angiogenesis-related factors that were differentially expressed in the three epithelia and instrumental in explaining the neovascularization in COMET-treated patients. These results will support the follow-up analysis of patients transplanted with oral mucosa and provide new tools to understand the regeneration mechanism of transplanted corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eustachio Attico
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Galaverni
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Torello
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate s.r.l., 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Bianchi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Susanna Bonacorsi
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lorena Losi
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Manfredini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Rama
- SC Ophathalmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate s.r.l., 41125 Modena, Italy
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Dutta T, Sangwan J, Mondal M, Vohra M, Nidhi V, Gour A, Kapur N, Gupta N, Bhowmick T, Chandru A, Mathur U, Sangwan VS, Acharya M, Tiwari A. Prolonged Inflammation and Infectious Changes in the Corneal Epithelium Are Associated with Persistent Epithelial Defect (PED). Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020261. [PMID: 36839533 PMCID: PMC9960897 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Failure of rapid re-epithelialization within 10-14 days after corneal injury, even with standard supportive treatment, is referred to as persistent corneal epithelial (CE) defect (PED). Though an array of genes regulates reepithelization, their mechanisms are poorly understood. We sought to understand the network of genes driving the re-epithelialization in PED. Method: After obtaining informed consent, patients underwent an ophthalmic examination. Epithelial scrapes and tears samples of six PED patients and six individuals (control) undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) were collected. RNA isolation and quantification were performed using either the epithelial scrape taken from PED patients or from HCLE cells treated with control tears or tears of PED patients. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of a few important genes in CE homeostasis, inflammation, and cell-cell communication, viz., Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), GPX4, IL6, TNFα, STING, IL8, desmoglein, and E-cadherin, among others. Their expressions were normalized with their respective housekeeping genes and fold changes were recorded. KLF4 localization and MMPs activity was carried out via immunofluorescence and zymography, respectively. Results: KLF4, a transcription factor important for CE homeostasis, was upregulated in tears-treated HCLE cells and downregulated in PED patients compared to the healthy PRK group. Cell-cell communication genes were also upregulated in tears-treated cells, whereas they were downregulated in the PED tissue group. Genes involved in proinflammation (IL6, 282-fold; TNFα, 43-fold; IL8, 4.2-fold) were highly upregulated in both conditions. MMP9 activity increased upon tears treatment. Conclusions: This study suggests that tears create an acute proinflammatory milieu driving the PED disease pathology, whereas the PED patients scrapes are an indicator of the chronic stage of the disease. Interferons, pro-inflammatory genes, and their pathways are involved in PED, which can be a potential target for inducing epithelialization of the cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Dutta
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jyoti Sangwan
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Moumita Mondal
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Mehak Vohra
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Vatsala Nidhi
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Abha Gour
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Neha Kapur
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Tuhin Bhowmick
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Arun Chandru
- Pandorum Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Umang Mathur
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | | | - Manisha Acharya
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
| | - Anil Tiwari
- Dr Shroff’s Charity Eye Hospital, Cornea and Stem Cells Department, Delhi 110002, India
- Correspondence: or
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Naganuma T, Fujinami N, Arita M. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Derived Lipid Mediators That Regulate Epithelial Homeostasis. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:998-1007. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Naganuma
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Nodoka Fujinami
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Makoto Arita
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University
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11
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Adamo D, Galaverni G, Genna VG, Lococo F, Pellegrini G. The Growing Medical Need for Tracheal Replacement: Reconstructive Strategies Should Overcome Their Limits. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:846632. [PMID: 35646864 PMCID: PMC9132048 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.846632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breathing, being predominantly an automatic action, is often taken for granted. However, respiratory diseases affect millions of people globally, emerging as one of the major causes of disability and death overall. Among the respiratory dysfunctions, tracheal alterations have always represented a primary challenge for clinicians, biologists, and engineers. Indeed, in the case of wide structural alterations involving more than 50% of the tracheal length in adults or 30% in children, the available medical treatments are ineffective or inapplicable. So far, a plethora of reconstructive approaches have been proposed and clinically applied to face this growing, unmet medical need. Unfortunately, none of them has become a well-established and routinely applied clinical procedure to date. This review summarizes the main clinical reconstructive attempts and classifies them as non-tissue engineering and tissue engineering strategies. The analysis of the achievements and the main difficulties that still hinder this field, together with the evaluation of the forefront preclinical experiences in tracheal repair/replacement, is functional to promote a safer and more effective clinical translation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Adamo
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Galaverni
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Lococo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Graziella Pellegrini
- Interdepartmental Centre for Regenerative Medicine “Stefano Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l., Modena, Italy
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12
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De-Luna-Gallardo D, Cahuana-Quispe AI, García-Espinoza JA, Arámbula-Sánchez BY, Navarro-Delgadillo CI, Dávila-Díaz R, Erazo-Franco MA, Costa-Dulche A, Mena-Garza AA, Morales-De-La-Cerda R, Flores-Soto D, Cuervo-Vergara MA, Reyes-Ibarra PA, Márquez-Esrpiella C. Use of Cultivated Epidermal Allograft in Chronic Wounds: A Novel Therapeutic Alternative. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2022; 15:237-243. [PMID: 36561401 PMCID: PMC9764952 DOI: 10.4103/jcas.jcas_177_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chronic wounds represent a frequent cause of consultation for plastic and reconstructive surgeons. The use of epidermal culture stands out because they provide complete epithelialization, adequate aesthetic-functional results, and no morbidity for the patient. Epifast® is a pre-manufactured cultured epidermal allograft derived from the amplification in vitro of human keratinocytes. Materials and Methods A prospective longitudinal multicenter study was carried out in four chronic wound reference centers, which were in charge of plastic and reconstructive surgery services. For a standardized wound bed preparation, the protocol synthesized by the acronym "TIME" was used. At the end of the "TIME" protocol, the pre-fabricated allograft was applied and removed 7 days after its application. Results A total of 133 patients with diagnosis of chronic wound were included in the study. The median age was 69.3 ± 13.6 years. The most common comorbidity found was diabetes mellitus type 2 in 71.4% of the patients (n = 95) and systemic arterial hypertension in 60.2% of the patients (n = 80). The most frequent location of chronic wounds was seen in the lower extremity with 45.1% (n = 60). The mean duration for it to close was 46 ± 14 days, in which they closed within the first 3 months in 93% (n = 125) of the cases. About 91.7% (n = 122) of the wounds achieved total closure. Conclusion Cultured epidermal allograft, combined with a meticulous technique and an adequate selection of patients, represents a safe and effective tool for chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel De-Luna-Gallardo
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico,Address for correspondence: Dr. Daniel De-Luna-Gallardo, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Anillo Perif. 4091, Fuentes del Pedregal, Tlalpan, PC 14140, Mexico City, Mexico. E-mail:
| | - Alberto I Cahuana-Quispe
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Norte de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime A García-Espinoza
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Blanca Y Arámbula-Sánchez
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos I Navarro-Delgadillo
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Dávila-Díaz
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mauricio A Erazo-Franco
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The American British Cawdray Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Costa-Dulche
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana A Mena-Garza
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The American British Cawdray Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Flores-Soto
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco A Cuervo-Vergara
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Cuahutémoc Márquez-Esrpiella
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialdiad de Petroleos Mexicanos, Mexico City, Mexico
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