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Yun S, Xing T, Wang Y, Chen R, Han F, Zhang C, Zou M. Mineral residue accelerant-enhanced anaerobic digestion of cow manure: An evaluation system of comprehensive performance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159840. [PMID: 36369680 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an efficient technology for treating biowaste and generating biogas. A reasonable evaluation of AD performance is crucial to its development. Herein, a comprehensive evaluation system covering five dimensions (energy output, process stability, degradation efficiency, digestate fertility, and digestate safety) was established to assess AD performance. Each dimension in the evaluation system was assigned a specific indicator defined by a threshold or range. Additionally, the proposed evaluation system was applied to assess a case study of batch-mode mesophilic AD that employed three industrial waste residues as mineral accelerants (nickel‑iron slag, steel slag, and fly ash). The mineral accelerants enhanced the energy output (methane yield by 66.55 %-87.54 %) and the feedstock degradation (chemical oxygen demand removal ratio by 11.23 %-32.42 %). The digestates also retained promising safety (heavy metal contents of 190-1260 mg/kg) and fertility (total nutrient contents of 3.71 %-4.69 %). The evaluation system reasonably appraised the comprehensive performance of accelerant-enhanced AD systems with cow manure. This work provides a reliable methodology for evaluating and comparing the performance of different novel accelerants and can be applied to evaluate the comprehensive performance of large-scale biogas projects with cow manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sining Yun
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China; Qinghai Building and Materials Research Academy Co., Ltd, The Key Lab of Plateau Building and Eco-community in Qinghai, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China.
| | - Tian Xing
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Feng Han
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710055, China
| | - Ming Zou
- Research Institute, JISCO Hongxing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Jiayuguan, Gansu 735100, China
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Jaman K, Idrus S, Wahab AMA, Harun R, Daud NNN, Ahsan A, Shams S, Uddin MA. Influence of Molasses Residue on Treatment of Cow Manure in an Anaerobic Filter with Perforated Weed Membrane and a Conventional Reactor: Variations of Organic Loading and a Machine Learning Application. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:159. [PMID: 36837662 PMCID: PMC9966026 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study highlighted the influence of molasses residue (MR) on the anaerobic treatment of cow manure (CM) at various organic loading and mixing ratios of these two substrates. Further investigation was conducted on a model-fitting comparison between a kinetic study and an artificial neural network (ANN) using biomethane potential (BMP) test data. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and an anaerobic filter with a perforated membrane (AF) were fed with similar substrate at the organic loading rates of (OLR) 1 to OLR 7 g/L/day. Following the inhibition signs at OLR 7 (50:50 mixing ratio), 30:70 and 70:30 ratios were applied. Both the CSTR and the AF with the co-digestion substrate (CM + MR) successfully enhanced the performance, where the CSTR resulted in higher biogas production (29 L/d), SMP (1.24 LCH4/gVSadded), and VS removal (>80%) at the optimum OLR 5 g/L/day. Likewise, the AF showed an increment of 69% for biogas production at OLR 4 g/L/day. The modified Gompertz (MG), logistic (LG), and first order (FO) were the applied kinetic models. Meanwhile, two sets of ANN models were developed, using feedforward back propagation. The FO model provided the best fit with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (57.204) and correlation coefficient (R2) 0.94035. Moreover, implementing the ANN algorithms resulted in 0.164 and 0.97164 for RMSE and R2, respectively. This reveals that the ANN model exhibited higher predictive accuracy, and was proven as a more robust system to control the performance and to function as a precursor in commercial applications as compared to the kinetic models. The highest projection electrical energy produced from the on-farm scale (OFS) for the AF and the CSTR was 101 kWh and 425 kWh, respectively. This investigation indicates the high potential of MR as the most suitable co-substrate in CM treatment for the enhancement of energy production and the betterment of waste management in a large-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairina Jaman
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Syazwani Idrus
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Malek Abdul Wahab
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
| | - Razif Harun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nik Norsyahariati Nik Daud
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Amimul Ahsan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh
- Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Shahriar Shams
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Md. Alhaz Uddin
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia
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Methane Biogas Production in Malaysia: Challenge and Future Plan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2278211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biomethane is a sustainable energy that is produced from an organic and renewable resource. As the second-largest oil palm producer in the world, palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the primary source of biomethane generation in Malaysia. POME is the by-product of palm oil extraction and is extensively employed as a feedstock for the production of biomethane. Malaysia has an equatorial environment with humid and hot weather; this climate is conducive to the cultivation of numerous agricultural crops. A considerable number of agricultural wastes and residues are produced by agricultural crops, however, only 27% of them are used as fuel or to create useable products. Several publications have been published on the production of biomethane from POME; nevertheless, additional research is required on the use of other bioresources and technologies for biomethane production in Malaysia. In addition, there is a lack of comprehensive information on the future development of biomethane production in Malaysia; thus, to fill this gap, this review paper focuses on the challenges and future of Malaysia, which puts an emphasis on POME and also includes other alternative options of bioresources that can be the future feedstock for biomethane production in Malaysia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to provide a comprehensive overview of the biogas trend in Malaysia in terms of challenges and current biomethane development, as well as detailed information on a number of leading companies that are currently active in Malaysia biogas industry.
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