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Liu X, Wang B. Histone lactylation regulates autophagy of hyperplastic scar fibroblasts by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of phosphatase and tensin homologue. Wound Repair Regen 2024. [PMID: 38764180 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hyperplastic scar (HS) is an overreaction of tissue to skin injury caused by local fibroblast proliferation and excessive collagen production. Histone posttranslational modification patterns are important epigenetic processes that control various biological activities. This study was designed to investigate the effects of histone lactylation on HS and the underlying mechanism. Western blot was used to analyse the lactylation level in HS patients and fibroblasts (HSFs). In vitro experiments, western blot, cell counting kit-8, and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect the collagen level, cell viability, and autophagy, respectively. The relationship between snai2 (SLUG) and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) was assessed by RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The results showed that the histone lactylation level was upregulated in HS tissues and HSFs. HSFs showed increased collagen production and cell viability, and decreased autophagy. Silencing of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) promoted the transcription of PTEN by inhibiting SLUG, thus promoting autophagy. Knockdown of LDHA inhibited collagen deposition and cell viability, and increased autophagy in HSFs, and the results were reversed after PTEN inhibition. In summary, histone lactylation inhibited the transcription activity of PTEN by promoting SLUG, thereby suppressing autophagy and promoting collagen deposition and cell viability of HSFs, which might provide effective therapeutic strategies in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- Department of Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lv D, Xu Z, Cheng P, Hu Z, Dong Y, Rong Y, Xu H, Wang Z, Cao X, Deng W, Tang B. S-Nitrosylation-mediated coupling of DJ-1 with PTEN induces PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-dependent keloid formation. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkad024. [PMID: 38116467 PMCID: PMC10729783 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Keloids are aberrant dermal wound healing characterized by invasive growth, extracellular matrix deposition, cytokine overexpression and easy recurrence. Many factors have been implicated as pathological causes of keloids, particularly hyperactive inflammation, tension alignment and genetic predisposition. S-Nitrosylation (SNO), a unique form of protein modification, is associated with the local inflammatory response but its function in excessive fibrosis and keloid formation remains unknown. We aimed to discover the association between protein SNO and keloid formation. Methods Normal and keloid fibroblasts were isolated from collected normal skin and keloid tissues. The obtained fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. The effects of DJ-1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and on the expression of proteins were assayed. TurboID-based proximity labelling and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were conducted to explore the potential targets of DJ-1. Biotin-switch assays and transnitrosylation reactions were used to detect protein SNO. Quantitative data were compared by two-tailed Student's t test. Results We found that DJ-1 served as an essential positive modulator to facilitate keloid cell proliferation, migration and invasion. A higher S-nitrosylated DJ-1 (SNO-DJ-1) level was observed in keloids, and the effect of DJ-1 on keloids was dependent on SNO of the Cys106 residue of the DJ-1 protein. SNO-DJ-1 was found to increase the level of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) S-nitrosylated at its Cys136 residue via transnitrosylation in keloids, thus diminishing the phosphatase activity of PTEN and activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, Cys106-mutant DJ-1 is refractory to SNO and abrogates DJ-1-PTEN coupling and the SNO of the PTEN protein, thus repressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and alleviating keloid formation. Importantly, the biological effect of DJ-1 in keloids is dependent on the SNO-DJ-1/SNO-PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. Conclusions For the first time, this study demonstrated the effect of transnitrosylation from DJ-1 to PTEN on promoting keloid formation via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, suggesting that SNO of DJ-1 may be a novel therapeutic target for keloid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Lv
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongye Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Pu Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 628 Zhenyuan Road, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yunxian Dong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Southern Medical University, 466 Xingang Middle Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanchao Rong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoling Cao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Tang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Pradhan M, Pethe P. The Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Hypertrophic Scars Post-Burn Injury. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2023; 96:549-563. [PMID: 38161582 PMCID: PMC10751863 DOI: 10.59249/rhuf5686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Scar formation is a normal response to skin injuries. During the scar-remodeling phase, scar tissue is usually replaced with normal, functional tissue. However, after deep burn injuries, the scar tissue may persist and lead to contractures around joints, a condition known as hypertrophic scar tissue. Unfortunately, current treatment options for hypertrophic scars, such as surgery and pressure garments, often fail to prevent their reappearance. One of the primary challenges in treating hypertrophic scars is a lack of knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying their formation. In this review, we critically analyze studies that have attempted to uncover the molecular mechanisms behind hypertrophic scar formation after severe burn injuries, as well as clinical trials conducted to treat post-burn hypertrophic scars. We found that most clinical trials used pressure garments, laser treatments, steroids, and proliferative inhibitors for hypertrophic scars, with outcomes measured using subjective scar scales. However, fundamental research using human burn injury biopsies has shown that pathways such as Transforming Growth factor β (TGFβ), Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) could be potentially regulated to reduce scarring. Therefore, we conclude that more testing is necessary to determine the efficacy of these molecular targets in reducing hypertrophic scarring. Specifically, double-blinded clinical trials are needed, where the outcomes can be measured with more robust quantitative molecular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Pradhan
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International
(Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Prasad Pethe
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International
(Deemed University), Lavale, Pune, India
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