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Chen W, Wu Y, Yang C, Ren W, Hou L, Liang H, Wu T, Kong Y, Wu J, Rao Y, Chen C. CDK9 targeting PROTAC L055 inhibits ERα-positive breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116972. [PMID: 38906024 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for more effective and specific treatments. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have emerged as a promising strategy to develop new lead compounds by selectively targeting oncoproteins for degradation. In this study, we designed, synthesized and evaluated a CRBN-based PROTAC, L055, which targets CDK9. Our findings demonstrate that L055 effectively inhibits the proliferation, induces cell cycle arrest, and decreases the survival of ERα-positive breast cancer cells in vitro. L055 specifically binds to CDK9, facilitating its degradation via the CRBN-dependent proteasomal pathway. Additionally, L055 suppressed the growth of organoids and tumors derived from T47D and MCF7 cells in nude mice. Thus, L055 represents a potential novel therapeutic agent for ERα-positive breast cancer and potentially other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmin Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming 650204, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihai Vocational College of Wellness, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Yue Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Wenlong Ren
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Department of Breast Disease, Henan Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Huichun Liang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Tingyue Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yanjie Kong
- Pathology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518035, China.
| | - Jiao Wu
- Department of the Second Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China.
| | - Yu Rao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China.
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Huang X, Xu S, Duan L, Xu S, Zhu W. A patent review of small molecule CDK4/6 inhibitors in the treatment of cancer: 2020-present. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39011556 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2379926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cyclin-dependent protein kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) is a class of serine/threonine protein kinases that plays a key role in the regulation of the cell cycle. CDK4/6 is highly expressed in cancers such as breast cancer, melanoma, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, a variety of CDK4/6 inhibitors have been developed, aiming to develop effective inhibitors to solve CDK4/6 resistance and toxicity. AREAS COVERED This article searches patents through Espacenet and reviews the development of widely studied CDK inhibitors and FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitors, as well as the latest progress of patented inhibitors with good inhibitory activity against CDK4/6 from 2020 to now. EXPERT OPINION CDK4/6 is highly expressed in many tumors and has become an important anti-tumor target. Among the patents from 2020 to the present, many inhibitors have good kinase inhibitory effects on CDK4/6 and also show great development potential in anti-tumor. However, there is still an urgent need to develop novel CDK4/6 inhibitors that address challenges such as drug resistance, toxicity, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shidi Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Hassanzadeh A, Shomali N, Kamrani A, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Nasiri H, Akbari M. Cancer therapy by cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs): bench to bedside. EXCLI JOURNAL 2024; 23:862-882. [PMID: 38983782 PMCID: PMC11231458 DOI: 10.17179/excli2024-7076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
A major characteristic of cancer is dysregulated cell division, which results in aberrant growth of cells. Consequently, medicinal targets that prevent cell division would be useful in the fight against cancer. The primary regulator of proliferation is a complex consisting of cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). The FDA has granted approval for CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) to treat metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Specifically, CDK4/6 CDKIs block the enzyme activity of CDK4 and CDK6. Unfortunately, the majority of first-generation CDK inhibitors, also known as pan-CDK inhibitors because they target multiple CDKs, have not been authorized for clinical use owing to their serious side effects and lack of selection. In contrast to this, significant advancements have been created to permit the use of pan-CDK inhibitors in therapeutic settings. Notably, the toxicity and negative consequences of pan-CDK inhibitors have been lessened in recent years thanks to the emergence of combination therapy tactics. Therefore, pan-CDK inhibitors have renewed promise for clinical use when used in a combination regimen. The members of the CDK family have been reviewed and their primary roles in cell cycle regulation were covered in this review. Next, we provided an overview of the state of studies on CDK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Kamrani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Nasiri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Vicente ATS, Salvador JAR. PROteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) in leukemia: overview and future perspectives. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e575. [PMID: 38845697 PMCID: PMC11154823 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of life-threatening malignant disorders of the hematopoietic system. Immunotherapy, radiotherapy, stem cell transplantation, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy are among the approved leukemia treatments. Unfortunately, therapeutic resistance, side effects, relapses, and long-term sequelae occur in a significant proportion of patients and severely compromise the treatment efficacy. The development of novel approaches to improve outcomes is therefore an unmet need. Recently, novel leukemia drug discovery strategies, including targeted protein degradation, have shown potential to advance the field of personalized medicine for leukemia patients. Specifically, PROteolysis-TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are revolutionary compounds that allow the selective degradation of a protein by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Developed against a wide range of cancer targets, they show promising potential in overcoming many of the drawbacks associated with conventional therapies. Following the exponential growth of antileukemic PROTACs, this article reviews PROTAC-mediated degradation of leukemia-associated targets. Chemical structures, in vitro and in vivo activities, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical trials of PROTACs are critically discussed. Furthermore, advantages, challenges, and future perspectives of PROTACs in leukemia are covered, in order to understand the potential that these novel compounds may have as future drugs for leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- André T. S. Vicente
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Jorge A. R. Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell BiologyUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB)University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
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Manoochehrabadi S, Talebi M, Pashaiefar H, Ghafouri-Fard S, Vaezi M, Omrani MD, Ahmadvand M. Upregulation of lnc-FOXD2-AS1, CDC45, and CDK1 in patients with primary non-M3 AML is associated with a worse prognosis. Blood Res 2024; 59:4. [PMID: 38485838 PMCID: PMC10903518 DOI: 10.1007/s44313-024-00002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy with an unfavorable outcome. The present research aimed to identify novel biological targets for AML diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we performed an in-silico method to identify antisense RNAs (AS-RNAs) and their related co-expression genes. GSE68172 was selected from the AML database of the Gene Expression Omnibus and compared using the GEO2R tool to find DEGs. Antisense RNAs were selected from all the genes that had significant expression and a survival plot was drawn for them in the GEPIA database, FOXD2-AS1 was chosen for further investigation based on predetermined criteria (logFC ≥|1| and P < 0.05) and its noteworthy association between elevated expression level and a marked reduction in the overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with AML. The GEPIA database was utilized to investigate FOXD2-AS1-related co-expression and similar genes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology (GO) function analysis of the mentioned gene lists were performed using the DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was then constructed using the STRING database. Hub genes were screened using Cytoscape software. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted using the GEPIA database to explore the relationship between FOXD2-AS1 and the hub genes. The transcription of the selected coding and non-coding genes, including FOXD2-AS1, CDC45, CDC20, CDK1, and CCNB1, was validated in 150 samples, including 100 primary AML non-M3 blood samples and 50 granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized healthy donors, using quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR results displayed significant upregulation of lnc-FOXD2-AS1, CDC45, and CDK1 in primary AML non-M3 blood samples compared to healthy blood samples (P = 0.0032, P = 0.0078, and P = 0.0117, respectively). The expression levels of CDC20 and CCNB1 were not statistically different between the two sets of samples (P = 0.8315 and P = 0.2788, respectively). We identified that AML patients with upregulation of FOXD2-AS1, CDK1, and CDC45 had shorter overall survival (OS) and Relapse-free survival (RFS) compared those with low expression of FOXD2-AS1, CDK1, and CDC45. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the potential biomarkers of lnc -FOXD2-AS1, CDC45, and CDK1 in primary AML non-M3 blood samples. This research proposed that the dysregulation of lnc-FOXD2-AS1, CDC45, and CDK1 can contribute to both disease state and diagnosis as well as treatment. The present study proposes the future evolution of the functional role of lnc-FOXD2-AS1, CDC45, and CDK1 in AML development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Manoochehrabadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Pashaiefar
- Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Research Institute for Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vaezi
- Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Research Institute for Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ahmadvand
- Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Research Institute for Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sun J, Liang S, Liu X, Zhang S, Li M, Zhang Q, Chen J. Insights into the selectivity of a brain-penetrant CDK4/6 vs CDK1/2 inhibitor for glioblastoma used in multiple replica molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-20. [PMID: 38112295 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2294175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) play an important role in cell cycle regulation and their dysfunction is associated with many cancers. That is why CDKs have been attractive targets for the treatment of cancer. Glioblastoma is a cancer caused by the aberrant expression of CDK4/6, so exploring the mechanism of the selection of CDK4/6 toward inhibitors relative to the other family members CDK1/2 is essential. In this work, multiple replica molecular dynamics (MRMD) simulations, principal component analysis (PCA), free energy landscapes (FELs), molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann/Generalized Born surface area (MM-PB/GBSA) and other methods were integrated to decipher the selectively binding mechanism of the inhibitor N1J to CDK4/6 and CDK1/2. Molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) analysis provides an explanation for the N1J selectivity. Residue-based free energy decomposition reveals that most of the hot residues are located at the same location of CDKs proteins, but the different types of residues in different proteins cause changes in binding energy, which is considered as a potential developmental direction to improve the selectivity of inhibitors to CDK4/6. These results provide insights into the source of inhibitor and CDK4/6 selectivity for the future development of more selective inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Sun
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Liang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinguo Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaolong Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinggang Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianzhong Chen
- School of Science, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, China
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Raetz EA, Teachey DT, Minard C, Liu X, Norris RE, Denic KZ, Reid J, Evensen NA, Gore L, Fox E, Loh ML, Weigel BJ, Carroll WL. Palbociclib in combination with chemotherapy in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma: A Children's Oncology Group study (AINV18P1). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30609. [PMID: 37553297 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin D has been shown to play an essential role in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) initiation and progression, providing rationale for targeting the CDK4/6-cyclin D complex that regulates cell cycle progression. PROCEDURE The Children's Oncology Group AINV18P1 phase 1 trial evaluated the CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib, in combination with standard four-drug re-induction chemotherapy in children and young adults with relapsed/refractory B- and T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma. Palbociclib (50 mg/m2 /dose) was administered orally once daily for 21 consecutive days, first as a single agent (Days 1-3) and subsequently combined with re-induction chemotherapy. This two-part study was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), followed by an expansion pharmacokinetic cohort. RESULTS Twelve heavily pretreated patients enrolled, all of whom were evaluable for toxicity. One dose-limiting hematologic toxicity (DLT) occurred at the starting dose of 50 mg/m2 /dose orally for 21 days. No additional DLTs were observed in the dose determination or pharmacokinetic expansion cohorts, and overall rates of grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities were comparable to those observed with the chemotherapy platform alone. Five complete responses were observed, two among four patients with T-ALL and three among seven patients with B-ALL. Pharmacokinetic studies showed similar profiles with both liquid and capsule formulations of palbociclib. CONCLUSIONS Palbociclib in combination with re-induction chemotherapy was well tolerated with a RP2D of 50 mg/m2 /day for 21 days. Complete responses were observed among heavily pretreated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Raetz
- Department of Pediatrics and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - David T Teachey
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles Minard
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Children's Oncology Group, Monrovia, California, USA
| | - Robin E Norris
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristina Z Denic
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joel Reid
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nikki A Evensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lia Gore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Department of Pediatrics and the Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brenda J Weigel
- Department of Pediatrics and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - William L Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics and Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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Zhou Z, Zhong L, Chu X, Wan P, Dan W, Shao X, Chen S, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Liu B. HDAC11 mediates the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of p53 and inhibits the anti-leukemia effect of PD0166285. Med Oncol 2023; 40:325. [PMID: 37805625 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytarabine-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common phenomenon, necessitating the search for new chemotherapeutics. WEE1 participates in cell cycle checkpoint signaling and inhibitors targeting WEE1 (WEE1i) constitute a potential novel strategy for AML treatment. HDAC (histone deacetylase) inhibitors have been shown to enhance the anti-tumor effects of WEE1i but molecular mechanisms of HDAC remain poorly characterized. In this study, the WEE1 inhibitor PD0166285 showed a relatively good anti-leukemia effect. Notably, PD0166285 can arise the expression of HDAC11 which was negatively correlated with survival of AML patients. Moreover, HDAC11 can reduced the anti-tumor effect of PD0166285 through an effect on p53 stability and the changes in phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathways. Overall, the cell cycle inhibitor, PD0166285, is a potential chemotherapeutic drug for AML. These fundings contribute to a functional understanding of HDAC11 in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuan Chu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Wenran Dan
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Xin Shao
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402160, China.
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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9
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Verma J, Warsame C, Seenivasagam RK, Katiyar NK, Aleem E, Goel S. Nanoparticle-mediated cancer cell therapy: basic science to clinical applications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:601-627. [PMID: 36826760 PMCID: PMC10584728 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Every sixth person in the world dies due to cancer, making it the second leading severe cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. According to WHO, cancer claimed nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. The most common types of cancers reported have been breast (lung, colon and rectum, prostate cases), skin (non-melanoma) and stomach. In addition to surgery, the most widely used traditional types of anti-cancer treatment are radio- and chemotherapy. However, these do not distinguish between normal and malignant cells. Additional treatment methods have evolved over time for early detection and targeted therapy of cancer. However, each method has its limitations and the associated treatment costs are quite high with adverse effects on the quality of life of patients. Use of individual atoms or a cluster of atoms (nanoparticles) can cause a paradigm shift by virtue of providing point of sight sensing and diagnosis of cancer. Nanoparticles (1-100 nm in size) are 1000 times smaller in size than the human cell and endowed with safer relocation capability to attack mechanically and chemically at a precise location which is one avenue that can be used to destroy cancer cells precisely. This review summarises the extant understanding and the work done in this area to pave the way for physicians to accelerate the use of hybrid mode of treatments by leveraging the use of various nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Verma
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, SE10AA UK
| | - Caaisha Warsame
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, SE10AA UK
| | | | | | - Eiman Aleem
- School of Applied Sciences, Division of Human Sciences, Cancer Biology and Therapy Research Group, London South Bank University, London, SE10AA UK
| | - Saurav Goel
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, SE10AA UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007 India
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Zhang S, Feng R, Bai J, Ning S, Xu X, Sun J, Wu M, Liu H. CDK7 inhibition induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells and exerts synergistic antileukemic effects with azacitidine in vitro and in vivo. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:639-650. [PMID: 36657437 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2169045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
THZ1, a CDK7 inhibitor, has potent antitumor effects in several cancers; however, its role in Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is unclear. We explored the effects and potential mechanisms of THZ1, alone and in combination with azacitidine (AZA), in AML cells and xenograft models. THZ1 decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis in a dose and time-dependent manner, induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, decreased phosphorylated CDK1 and CDK2 expression, and inhibited RNA Pol II phosphorylation at multiple serine sites. The combination of AZA and THZ1 exhibited synergistic antileukemic effects in AML cell lines and primary cells with MCL1 and c-MYC downregulation. Moreover, the combination therapy significantly decreased tumor burden and prolonged animal survival in xenograft mice models. Our data demonstrate that CDK7 inhibition induces the apoptosis of AML cells and exerts a synergistic antileukemia effect with AZA in vitro and in vivo, which supports future exploration of this combination in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Feng
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiefei Bai
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shangyong Ning
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Zhang S, Feng R, Bai J, Ning S, Xu X, Sun J, Wu M, Liu H. CDK7 inhibition induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells and exerts synergistic antileukemic effects with azacitidine in vitro and in vivo. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:639-650. [DOI: doi:10.1080/10428194.2023.2169045 i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Feng
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiefei Bai
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Shangyong Ning
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Ling VY, Straube J, Godfrey W, Haldar R, Janardhanan Y, Cooper L, Bruedigam C, Cooper E, Tavakoli Shirazi P, Jacquelin S, Tey SK, Baell J, Huang F, Jin J, Zhao Y, Bullinger L, Bywater MJ, Lane SW. Targeting cell cycle and apoptosis to overcome chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:143-153. [PMID: 36400926 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML), frequently driven by clonal evolution, has a dismal prognosis. A genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen investigating resistance to doxorubicin and cytarabine (Dox/AraC) in human AML cell lines identified gene knockouts involving AraC metabolism and genes that regulate cell cycle arrest (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) and TP53) as contributing to resistance. In human AML cohorts, reduced expression of CDKN2A conferred inferior overall survival and CDKN2A downregulation occurred at relapse in paired diagnosis-relapse samples, validating its clinical relevance. Therapeutically targeting the G1S cell cycle restriction point (with CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib and KAT6A inhibitor, WM-1119, to upregulate CDKN2A) synergized with chemotherapy. Additionally, direct promotion of apoptosis with venetoclax, showed substantial synergy with chemotherapy, overcoming resistance mediated by impaired cell cycle arrest. Altogether, we identify defective cell cycle arrest as a clinically relevant contributor to chemoresistance and identify rationally designed therapeutic combinations that enhance response in AML, potentially circumventing chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Y Ling
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jasmin Straube
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - William Godfrey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rohit Haldar
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Leanne Cooper
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Claudia Bruedigam
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emily Cooper
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Siok-Keen Tey
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jonathan Baell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwen Jin
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Megan J Bywater
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Steven W Lane
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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13
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Harris R, Yang M, Schmidt C, Royet C, Singh S, Natarajan A, Morris M, Frezza C, Laman H. Fbxo7 promotes Cdk6 activity to inhibit PFKP and glycolysis in T cells. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202203095. [PMID: 35670764 PMCID: PMC9178409 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202203095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fbxo7 is associated with cancer and Parkinson's disease. Although Fbxo7 recruits substrates for SCF-type ubiquitin ligases, it also promotes Cdk6 activation in a ligase-independent fashion. We discovered PFKP, the gatekeeper of glycolysis, in a screen for Fbxo7 substrates. PFKP is an essential Cdk6 substrate in some T-ALL cells. We investigated the molecular relationship between Fbxo7, Cdk6, and PFKP, and the effect of Fbxo7 on T cell metabolism, viability, and activation. Fbxo7 promotes Cdk6-independent ubiquitination and Cdk6-dependent phosphorylation of PFKP. Importantly, Fbxo7-deficient cells have reduced Cdk6 activity, and hematopoietic and lymphocytic cells show high expression and significant dependency on Fbxo7. CD4+ T cells with reduced Fbxo7 show increased glycolysis, despite lower cell viability and activation levels. Metabolomic studies of activated CD4+ T cells confirm increased glycolytic flux in Fbxo7-deficient cells, alongside altered nucleotide biosynthesis and arginine metabolism. We show Fbxo7 expression is glucose-responsive at the mRNA and protein level and propose Fbxo7 inhibits PFKP and glycolysis via its activation of Cdk6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Harris
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ming Yang
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christina Schmidt
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chloe Royet
- Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron-UMR5247, Montpellier, France
| | - Sarbjit Singh
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - May Morris
- Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron-UMR5247, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heike Laman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Arowolo A, Malebana M, Sunda F, Rhoda C. Proposed Cellular Function of the Human FAM111B Protein and Dysregulation in Fibrosis and Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:932167. [PMID: 35860584 PMCID: PMC9293052 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.932167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FAM111B gene mutations are associated with a hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma known to cause poikiloderma, tendon contracture, myopathy, and pulmonary fibrosis (POIKTMP). In addition, the overexpression of FAM111B has been associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis. This review inferred the molecular function of this gene's protein product and mutational dysfunction in fibrosis and cancer based on recent findings from studies on this gene. In conclusion, FAM111B represents an uncharacterized protease involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. The dysregulation of this protein ultimately leads to fibrotic diseases like POIKTMP and cancers via the disruption of these cellular processes by the mutation of the FAM111B gene. Hence, it should be studied in the context of these diseases as a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afolake Arowolo
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Moses Malebana
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Falone Sunda
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cenza Rhoda
- Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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15
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Schneeweiss-Gleixner M, Filik Y, Stefanzl G, Berger D, Sadovnik I, Bauer K, Smiljkovic D, Eisenwort G, Witzeneder N, Greiner G, Hoermann G, Schiefer AI, Schwaab J, Jawhar M, Reiter A, Sperr WR, Arock M, Valent P, Gleixner KV. CDK4/CDK6 Inhibitors Synergize with Midostaurin, Avapritinib, and Nintedanib in Inducing Growth Inhibition in KIT D816V+ Neoplastic Mast Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133070. [PMID: 35804842 PMCID: PMC9264943 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM) is a rare malignant disease with a poor prognosis due to the drug resistance of neoplastic mast cells. We found that drugs targeting the cell cycle regulators CDK4 and CDK6 profoundly suppress the growth and survival of neoplastic mast cells. Furthermore, these drugs can overcome resistance against KIT D816V-targeting drugs, including midostaurin, in neoplastic mast cells. Finally, the CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors applied induced apoptosis in CD34+/CD38− stem cells in AdvSM. Based on these results, we believe that CDK4/CDK6 inhibition may be a new and interesting therapeutic approach with curative potential for AdvSM. Whether combinations of KIT D816-targeting drugs and CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors can induce long-term remission in patients with AdvSM remains to be determined in clinical trials. Abstract In most patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM), neoplastic mast cells (MC) express KIT D816V. However, despite their disease-modifying potential, KIT D816V-targeting drugs, including midostaurin and avapritinib, may not produce long-term remissions in all patients. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and CDK6 are promising targets in oncology. We found that shRNA-mediated knockdown of CDK4 and CDK6 results in growth arrest in the KIT D816V+ MC line HMC-1.2. The CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib suppressed the proliferation in primary neoplastic MC as well as in all HMC-1 and ROSA cell subclones that were examined. Abemaciclib was also found to block growth in the drug-resistant MC line MCPV-1, whereas no effects were seen with palbociclib and ribociclib. Anti-proliferative drug effects on MC were accompanied by cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors were found to synergize with the KIT-targeting drugs midostaurin, avapritinib, and nintedanib in inducing growth inhibition and apoptosis in neoplastic MCs. Finally, we found that CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors induce apoptosis in CD34+/CD38− stem cells in AdvSM. Together, CDK4/CDK6 inhibition is a potent approach to suppress the growth of neoplastic cells in AdvSM. Whether CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors can improve clinical outcomes in patients with AdvSM remains to be determined in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yüksel Filik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Gabriele Stefanzl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniela Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Karin Bauer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dubravka Smiljkovic
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Nadine Witzeneder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
| | - Georg Greiner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ihr Labor, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories Vienna, 1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ana-Iris Schiefer
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Juliana Schwaab
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.S.); (M.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Mohamad Jawhar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.S.); (M.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Andreas Reiter
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (J.S.); (M.J.); (A.R.)
| | - Wolfgang R. Sperr
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Michel Arock
- Department of Hematological Biology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Pierre et Marie Curie University (UPMC), 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Peter Valent
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Karoline V. Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.S.-G.); (Y.F.); (I.S.); (K.B.); (D.S.); (G.E.); (N.W.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (W.R.S.); (P.V.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (G.S.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-52820; Fax: +43-1-40400-40300
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16
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Leukemic Stem Cells as a Target for Eliminating Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Gaps in Translational Research. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 175:103710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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17
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Abohassan M, Al Shahrani M, Ahmad I, Abullais SS, Srivastava S, Rajagopalan P. GC/MS characterization and computational kinome-wide screening of pomegranate fruit extract identifies key phytochemicals interacting to CDK kinases implicated in acute myeloid leukemia cells. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14178. [PMID: 35451509 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Punica granatum (Pomegranate fruit) and its constituents are proven effective against various cancer types. However, a kinome-wide screening for the active phytochemicals against kinases is not reported. This study aims in validating pomegranate fruit extract (PFE) against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, and computationally identifying the phytochemicals interacting with active kinases. PFE was made with Soxhlet extractor using absolute ethanol. Gas-chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for phytochemical identification and MTT assay for cytotoxicity in AML (THP-1, TF-1 and HL-60) cells were performed. Apoptosis, CDK5 and CDK8 were assessed with flow cytometry. Kinase profiling was performed using In silico kinome screening. GC-MS analysis revealed 38 bioactive phytochemicals in PFE including pyrazoles, aldehydes, phenols, esters, pyranosides, and octadecadienoic acids. The extract inhibited the AML cell proliferations with GI50 values of 195.5 μg/ml, 289.1 μg/ml, and 353.5 μg/ml in THP-1, THP-1, and HL-60 cells, respectively. PFE also exhibited a dose-responsive increase in apoptotic cell populations when treated to the AML cells. Computational screening and modeling predicted three critical constituents, viz., Deoxyartemisinin, 3-Methyl-3-phenyl-3H-indazole, and 8-fluoro-5,6-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one of pomegranate extract to interact mainly with cyclin-dependent kinases, including CDK5 and CDK8. Proteinand ligand docking predicted binding energies, and binding pose for top candidate lead molecules. In vitro assay exhibited the anticancer properties of PFE in AML cells. Computational kinome screening predicted top three PFE constituents targeting CDKs which may be responsible for the demonstrated anticancer efficacy of the extract against AML. This hypothesis further aligned with observed efficacy of PFE to inhibit CDK5 and CDK8 in all AML cells tested. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Though Punica granatum (Pomegranate fruit) and its constituents are proven effective against various cancer types, a kinome-wide screening for the active phytochemicals against kinases is not reported. In this study, we have conducted GC/MS characterization of the active phytochemicals of PFE and have performed a kinome-wide screening for all the 38 identified compounds toward 310 active kinases commonly expressed in cancers. These observations warrant isolation and further evaluation of these phytochemicals or their analogues as effective CDK inhibitors against AML proliferation. Further, the computational methods used in this study will throw light on literature for new options of kinome panel screening of active phytochemicals or small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abohassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mesfer Al Shahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Era College of Pharmacy, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Prasanna Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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18
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CDK19 regulates the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and acute myeloid leukemia cells by suppressing p53-mediated transcription of p21. Leukemia 2022; 36:956-969. [PMID: 35110726 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01512-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell cycle progression of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells is precisely controlled by multiple regulatory factors. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we find that cyclin-dependent kinase 19 (CDK19), not its paralogue CDK8, is relatively enriched in mouse HSCs, and its expression is more significantly increased than CDK8 after proliferative stresses. Furthermore, SenexinB (a CDK8/19 inhibitor) treatment impairs the proliferation and self-renewal ability of HSCs. Moreover, overexpression of CDK19 promotes HSC function better than CDK8 overexpression. Using CDK19 knockout mice, we observe that CDK19-/- HSCs exhibit similar phenotypes to those of cells treated with SenexinB. Interestingly, the p53 signaling pathway is significantly activated in HSCs lacking CDK19 expression. Further investigations show that CDK19 can interact with p53 to inhibit p53-mediated transcription of p21 in HSCs and treatment with a specific p53 inhibitor (PFTβ) partially rescues the defects of CDK19-null HSCs. Importantly, SenexinB treatment markedly inhibits the proliferation of AML cells. Collectively, our findings indicate that CDK19 is involved in regulating HSC and AML cell proliferation via the p53-p21 pathway, revealing a new mechanism underlying cell cycle regulation in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells.
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Rashidbaghan A, Mostafaie A, Yazdani Y, Mansouri K. More Related Gene Pathways to Vincristine-Induced Death Events in a Human T-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Line. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 10:554-564. [PMID: 35291614 PMCID: PMC8903353 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.4.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is common in children but rare in adults. Vincristine (VCR) is one of the drugs used at the beginning of treatment. Some genes are resistant to VCR in B-ALL. METHODS Here, we examined the effect of VCR on gene expression changes in a T-ALL cell line, Jurkat. The MTT method was used to determine the IC50 in Jurkat cells treated with different concentrations of VCR for 48 and 72 hours. Total RNA was isolated from the cells and cDNA was prepared. The Human Cancer Drug Target PCR Array kit was used to evaluate the 84 gene expression changes in Jurkat cells. Protein-protein interaction was analyzed by STRING software. RESULTS We identified 66 differentially expressed genes as comparison to untreated cells. The response to VCR-induced apoptotic events was remarkable in the pathways of heat shock protein, topoisomerases, protein kinases, cathepsins and cell cycle. In other pathways, there were resistant genes as well as sensitive genes to VCR treatment. Some proteins like HSP90AA1 and ESR1 had determining associations with other proteins. CONCLUSION The results suggest VCR target genes in T-ALL cells may be beneficial biomarkers for ALL treatment and can be used to select appropriate synergistic drugs for VCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Rashidbaghan
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ali Mostafaie
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Huang J, Wang X, Dong R, Liu X, Li H, Zhang T, Xu J, Liu C, Zhang Y, Hou S, Tang W, Lu T, Chen Y. Discovery of N-(4-(3-isopropyl-2-methyl-2 H-indazol-5-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)quinazolin-7-amine as a Novel, Potent, and Oral Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor against Haematological Malignancies. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12548-12571. [PMID: 34415148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies (HM) start in blood forming tissue or in the cells of the immune system. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell cycle progression, and some of them control cellular transcription. CDK inhibition can trigger apoptosis and could be particularly useful in hematological malignancies. Herein, we describe our efforts toward the discovery of a novel series of quinazoline derivatives as CDK inhibitors. Intensive structural modifications lead to the identification of compound 37d as the most active inhibitors of CDKs 1, 2, 4, 8 and 9 with balancing potency and selectivity against CDKs. Further biological studies revealed that compound 37d can arrest the cell cycle and induce apoptosis via activating PARP and caspase 3. More importantly, compound 37d showed good antitumor efficacy in multiple HM mice xenograft models with no obvious toxicity. These results indicated that CDK 1, 2, 4, 8, and 9 inhibitors could be potentially used to treat certain hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Huang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xinren Wang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Ruinan Dong
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Junyu Xu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Chenhe Liu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shaohua Hou
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Weifang Tang
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yadong Chen
- School of Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
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21
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Ashrafi F, Ghezeldasht SA, Ghobadi MZ. Identification of joint gene players implicated in the pathogenesis of HTLV-1 and BLV through a comprehensive system biology analysis. Microb Pathog 2021; 160:105153. [PMID: 34419613 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) are oncogenic viruses that induce adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), respectively. HTLV-1 principally infects CD4+ T cells comprising regulatory T cells (Tregs), T helper 1 (Th1), and T helper 2 (Th2), while BLV infects B lymphocytes. Both viruses may impel cell proliferation and malignancy. METHODS To survey the transcriptomic variations due to HTLV-1 and BLV infection and further hematologic malignancies, differential expression genes (DEGs) were explored between leukemia and normal samples using the DESeq2 package. Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) were then performed to identify significant gene sets using the FGSEA package. Afterward, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were reconstructed using the STRING online database. Eventually, the hub significant genes and modules were determined through network analysis and MCODE algorithm, respectively. RESULTS Our results uncloaked that four common functional gene sets including mitotic-spindle, G2M-checkpoint, E2F-targets, and MYC-targets-V1 are involved in the human and ovine hosts. Furthermore, twelve up-regulated hub genes including BIRC5, CCNA2, CCNB2, BUB1, DLGAP5, TOP2A, PBK, ASPM, UBE2C, CEP55, KIF20A, and NUSAP1 were identified which were similarly activated in both human and ovine hosts. They mostly participate in pathways including cell cycle, cell division, DNA damage responses, growth factors production, and p53 signaling pathway. The dysregulated hub genes and pathways seem to be involved in the development and progression of the infected cells toward malignancy. CONCLUSION There is common gene groups between HTLV-1 and BLV infections that promote viral malignancy through enhancing cell proliferation and overall survival of cancer cells. The dysregulated genes and pathways may be the efficient candidates for the therapy of the mentioned life-threatening diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Ashrafi
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezeldasht
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Zarei Ghobadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Li Z, Wang F, Tian X, Long J, Ling B, Zhang W, Xu J, Liang A. HCK maintains the self-renewal of leukaemia stem cells via CDK6 in AML. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:210. [PMID: 34167558 PMCID: PMC8223385 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) are responsible for the initiation, maintenance, and recurrence of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), an aggressive haematological malignancy associated with drug resistance and relapse. Identifying therapeutic LSC targets is critical to curing AML. Methods Bioinformatics databases were used to identify therapeutic LSC targets. The conditional knockout mice were used to analyse the role of HCK in leukaemogenesis or normal haematopoiesis. Colony-forming assays, cell counting, and flow cytometry were used to detect the viability and function of leukaemia cells. RT-PCR, western blotting, and RNA sequencing were used to detect mRNA and protein expression. Result HCK is expressed at higher levels in LSCs than in haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and high HCK levels are correlated with reduced survival time in AML patients. Knockdown of HCK leads to cell cycle arrest, which results in a dramatic decrease in the proliferation and colony formation in human AML cell lines. Moreover, HCK is required for leukemogenesis and leukaemia maintenance in vivo and in vitro. HCK is necessary for the self-renewal of LSCs during serial transplantation and limiting dilution assay. The phenotypes resulting from HCK deficiency can be rescued by CDK6 overexpression in the human cell line. RNA sequencing and gene expression have demonstrated that HCK may sustain cell cycle entry and maintain the self-renewal ability of LSCs through activating the ERK1/2-c-Myc-CDK6 signalling axis. In contrast, HCK deletion does not affect normal haematopoiesis or haematopoietic reconstruction in mice. Conclusions HCK maintains the self-renewal of leukaemia stem cells via CDK6 in AML and may be an ideal therapeutic target for eradicating LSCs without influencing normal haematopoiesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02007-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fangce Wang
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jun Long
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Bin Ling
- The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 650000, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Jun Xu
- East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Haematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, 200092, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Xu DQ, Yuan XJ, Hirayama M, Toyoda H. Huaier Extract Induces Apoptosis in Hepatoblastoma Cells Via the MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway. In Vivo 2021; 34:2381-2388. [PMID: 32871763 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Huaier extract, whose main active constituent is the proteoglycan, has anti-tumor activity in several types of malignancies. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effect of Huaier extract in hepatoblastoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of Huaier extract on the proliferation of human hepatoblastoma cell lines HepG2 and HuH-6, was examined. RESULTS Incubation with Huaier extract resulted in a marked, dose-dependent decrease in hepatoblastoma cell viability. Huaier extract induced S phase arrest in hepatoblastoma cells and upregulated the expression of the cell cycle related proteins cyclin D1 and cyclin D3. It also induced apoptosis in hepatoblastoma cells. Additionally, it significantly suppressed the activity of p-ERK and p-MEK. CONCLUSION Huaier extract inhibits proliferation, and induces cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via the MEK-ERK pathway in hepatoblastoma cells. Huaier extract may act as a complementary agent for treating hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Qing Xu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Xiao-Jun Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Masahiro Hirayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Hidemi Toyoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors in Hematological Malignancies-Current Understanding, (Pre-)Clinical Application and Promising Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102497. [PMID: 34065376 PMCID: PMC8161389 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cyclin-dependent kinases are involved in the regulation of cancer-initiating processes like cell cycle progression, transcription, and DNA repair. In hematological neoplasms, these enzymes are often overexpressed, resulting in increased cell proliferation and cancer progression. Early (pre-)clinical data using cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors are promising but identifying the right drug for each subgroup and patient is challenging. Certain chromosomal abnormalities and signaling molecule activities are considered as potential biomarkers. We therefore summarized relevant studies investigating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in hematological malignancies and further discuss molecular mechanisms of resistance and other open questions. Abstract Genetically altered stem or progenitor cells feature gross chromosomal abnormalities, inducing modified ability of self-renewal and abnormal hematopoiesis. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) regulate cell cycle progression, transcription, DNA repair and are aberrantly expressed in hematopoietic malignancies. Incorporation of CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) into the existing therapeutic regimens therefore constitutes a promising strategy. However, the complex molecular heterogeneity and different clinical presentation is challenging for selecting the right target and defining the ideal combination to mediate long-term disease control. Preclinical and early clinical data suggest that specific CDKIs have activity in selected patients, dependent on the existing rearrangements and mutations, potentially acting as biomarkers. Indeed, CDK6, expressed in hematopoietic cells, is a direct target of MLL fusion proteins often observed in acute leukemia and thus contributes to leukemogenesis. The high frequency of aberrancies in the retinoblastoma pathway additionally warrants application of CDKIs in hematopoietic neoplasms. In this review, we describe the preclinical and clinical advances recently made in the use of CDKIs. These include the FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitors, traditional and novel pan-CDKIs, as well as dual kinase inhibitors. We additionally provide an overview on molecular mechanisms of response vs. resistance and discuss open questions.
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25
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Feng PP, Qi YK, Li N, Fei HR. Scutebarbatine A induces cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma via activation of the MAPK and ER stress signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22731. [PMID: 33512038 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Scutebarbatine A (SBT-A), a diterpenoid alkaloid found in the root of Scutellaria barbata D. Don, has been reported to induce the apoptosis of A549 cells. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity of SBT-A in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the potential underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that SBT-A inhibited the growth of HCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. SBT-A treatment caused cell cycle arrest and decreased the expression of cyclin B1, cyclin D1, p-Cdc2, and p-Cdc25C. SBT-A triggered cell apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway, and cell viability was partially restored by pretreatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. In HCC cells, treatment with SBT-A increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 and 2 (JNK1/2), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). Moreover, SBT-A activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through the upregulation of protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4), and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP). Our data indicate that SBT-A inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells and triggers their apoptosis via the activation of MAPK and ER stress. SBT-A is a potential agent for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - You-Kun Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Hong-Rong Fei
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
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26
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Sharma M, Bhavani C, Suresh SB, Paul J, Yadav L, Ross C, Srivastava S. Gene expression profiling of CD34(+) cells from patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:204. [PMID: 33574943 PMCID: PMC7816297 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal disorders characterized by the increased proliferation of hematopoietic stem cell precursors and mature blood cells. Mutations of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), Calreticulin (CALR) and MPL (myeloproliferative leukemia virus) are key driver mutations in MPN. However, the molecular profile of triple negative MPN has been a subject of ambiguity over the past few years. Mutations of, methylcytosine dioxygenase TET2, polycomb group protein ASXL1 and histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 genes have accounted for certain subsets of triple negative MPNs but the driving cause for majority of cases is still unexplored. The present study performed a microarray-based transcriptomic profile analysis of bone marrow-derived CD34(+) cells from seven MPN samples. A total of 21,448 gene signatures were obtained, which were further filtered into 472 upregulated and 202 downregulated genes. Gene ontology and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis highlighted an upregulation of genes involved in cell cycle and chromatin modification in JAK2V617F negative vs. positive MPN samples. Out of the upregulated genes, seven were associated with the hematopoietic stem cell signature, while forty-seven were associated with the embryonic stem cell signature. The majority of the genes identified were under the control of NANOG and E2F4 transcription factors. The PPI network indicated a strong interaction between chromatin modifiers and cell cycle genes, such as histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1, SWI/SNF complex subunit SMARCC2, SMARCE2, chromatin remodeling complex subunit SS18, tubulin β (TUBB) and cyclin dependent kinase CDK1. Among the upregulated epigenetic markers, there was a ~10-fold increase in MYB expression in JAK2V617F negative samples. A significant increase in total CD34 counts in JAK2V617F negative vs. positive samples (P<0.05) was also observed. Overall, the present data showed a distinct pattern of expression in JAK2V617F negative vs. positive samples with upregulated genes involved in epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Sharma
- Department of Medicine, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - Chandra Bhavani
- St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - Srinag Bangalore Suresh
- Department of Medicine, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - John Paul
- Department of Medicine, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - Lokendra Yadav
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - Cecil Ross
- Department of Medicine, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
| | - Sweta Srivastava
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India
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Khan F, Pandey P, Upadhyay TK, Jafri A, Jha NK, Mishra R, Singh V. Anti-Cancerous Effect of Rutin Against HPV-C33A Cervical Cancer Cells via G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptotic Induction. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:409-418. [PMID: 31385777 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190806122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the potential therapeutic role of various bioflavonoids including Curcumin, Luteolin and Resveratrol has currently been well-documented in a vast range of fatal complications including synaptic failure and cancers. These bioflavonoids are widely being implemented for the treatment of various cancers as they possess anti-cancerous, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, they are also used as a better alternative to conventional therapies since; these are non-toxic to cells and having no or least side effects. Notably, the pertinent therapeutic role of Rutin in cervical cancer is still unsettled however, its anti-cancerous role has already been reported in other cancers including prostate and colon cancer. Rutin (Vitamin P or Rutoside) is a polyphenolics flavonoid exhibiting multi-beneficial roles against several carcinomas. OBJECTIVE Despite the evidence for its several biological activities, the anticancer effects of Rutin on human cervical cancer (C33A) cells remain to be explored. In this study, the anticancer potential of Rutin was investigated by employing the key biomarkers such as nuclear condensation reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS Our findings showed that Rutin treatment reduced the cell viability, induced significant increase in ROS production and nuclear condensation in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, Rutin provoked apoptosis by inducing decrease in MMP and activation of caspase-3. Cell cycle analysis further confirmed the efficacy of Rutin by showing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. CONCLUSION Thus, our study is envisaged to open up interests for elucidating Rutin as an anticancerous agent against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Tarun K Upadhyay
- Department of Applied Science and Agriculture Research, Suresh GyanVihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Asif Jafri
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Niraj K Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Rashmi Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, 201306, India
| | - Vineeta Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida, 201306, India
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28
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Hwang JR, Kim WY, Cho YJ, Ryu JY, Choi JJ, Jeong SY, Kim MS, Kim JH, Paik ES, Lee YY, Han HD, Lee JW. Chloroquine reverses chemoresistance via upregulation of p21 WAF1/CIP1 and autophagy inhibition in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1034. [PMID: 33277461 PMCID: PMC7718923 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Overcoming drug-resistance is a big challenge to improve the survival of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In this study, we investigated the effect of chloroquine (CQ) and its combination with cisplatin (CDDP) in drug-resistant EOC cells. We used the three EOC cell lines CDDP-resistant A2780-CP20, RMG-1 cells, and CDDP-sensitive A2780 cells. The CQ-CDDP combination significantly decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in all cell lines. The combination induced expression of γH2AX, a DNA damage marker protein, and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Although the CQ-CDDP combination decreased protein expression of ATM and ATR, phosphorylation of ATM was increased and expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 was also increased in CQ-CDDP-treated cells. Knockdown of p21WAF1/CIP1 by shRNA reduced the expression of γH2AX and phosphorylated ATM and inhibited caspase-3 activity but induced ATM protein expression. Knockdown of p21WAF1/CIP1 partly inhibited CQ-CDDP-induced G2/M arrest, demonstrating that knockdown of p21WAF1/CIP1 overcame the cytotoxic effect of the CQ-CDDP combination. Ectopic expression of p21WAF1/CIP1 in CDDP-treated ATG5-shRNA/A2780-CP20 cells increased expression of γH2AX and caspase-3 activity, demonstrating increased DNA damage and cell death. The inhibition of autophagy by ATG5-shRNA demonstrated similar results upon CDDP treatment, except p21WAF1/CIP1 expression. In an in vivo efficacy study, the CQ-CDDP combination significantly decreased tumor weight and increased expression of γH2AX and p21WAF1/CIP1 in A2780-CP20 orthotopic xenografts and a drug-resistant patient-derived xenograft model of EOC compared with controls. These results demonstrated that CQ increases cytotoxicity in combination with CDDP by inducing lethal DNA damage by induction of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression and autophagy inhibition in CDDP-resistant EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ryoung Hwang
- Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jae Cho
- Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Ryu
- Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Joo Choi
- Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Sun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - E Sun Paik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Young Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Dong Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Gebru MT, Wang HG. Therapeutic targeting of FLT3 and associated drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:155. [PMID: 33213500 PMCID: PMC7678146 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease caused by several gene mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities affecting differentiation and proliferation of myeloid lineage cells. FLT3 is a receptor tyrosine kinase commonly overexpressed or mutated, and its mutations are associated with poor prognosis in AML. Although aggressive chemotherapy often followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplant is the current standard of care, the recent approval of FLT3-targeted drugs is revolutionizing AML treatment that had remained unchanged since the 1970s. However, despite the dramatic clinical response to targeted agents, such as FLT3 inhibitors, remission is almost invariably short-lived and ensued by relapse and drug resistance. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand the molecular mechanisms driving drug resistance in order to prevent relapse. In this review, we discuss FLT3 as a target and highlight current understanding of FLT3 inhibitor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melat T Gebru
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA. .,Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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Crees ZD, Shearrow C, Lin L, Girard J, Arasi K, Bhoraskar A, Berei J, Eckburg A, Anderson AD, Garcia C, Munger A, Palani S, Smith TJ, Sreenivassappa SB, Vitali C, David O, Puri N. EGFR/c-Met and mTOR signaling are predictors of survival in non-small cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920953731. [PMID: 32973931 PMCID: PMC7493230 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920953731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND EGFR/c-Met activation/amplification and co-expression, mTOR upregulation/activation, and Akt/Wnt signaling upregulation have been individually associated with more aggressive disease and characterized as potential prognostic markers for lung cancer patients. METHODS Tumors obtained from 109 participants with stage I-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were studied for EGFR/c-Met co-localization as well as for total and active forms of EGFR, c-Met, mTOR, S6K, beta-catenin, and Axin2. Slides were graded by two independent blinded pathologists using a validated scoring system. Protein expression profile correlations were assessed using Pearson correlation and Spearman's rho. Prognosis was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS Protein expression profile analysis revealed significant correlations between EGFR/p-EGFR (p = 0.0412) and p-mTOR/S6K (p = 0.0044). Co-localization of p-EGFR/p-c-Met was associated with increased p-mTOR (p = 0.0006), S6K (p = 0.0018), and p-S6K (p < 0.0001) expression. In contrast, active beta-catenin was not positively correlated with EGFR/c-Met nor any activated proteins. Axin2, a negative regulator of the Wnt pathway, was correlated with EGFR, p-EGFR, p-mTOR, p-S6K, EGFR/c-Met co-localization, and p-EGFR/p-c-Met co-localization (all p-values <0.03). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed shorter median survival in participants with high expression of Axin2, total beta-catenin, total/p-S6K, total/p-mTOR, EGFR, and EGFR/c-Met co-localization compared with low expression. After controlling for stage of disease at diagnosis, subjects with late-stage disease demonstrated shorter median survival when exhibiting high co-expression of EGFR/c-Met (8.1 month versus 22.3 month, p = 0.050), mTOR (6.7 month versus 22.3 month, p = 0.002), and p-mTOR (8.1 month versus 25.4 month, p = 0.004) compared with low levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that increased EGFR/c-Met signaling is correlated with upregulated mTOR/S6K signaling, which may in turn be associated with shorter median survival in late-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D Crees
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Caleb Shearrow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Leo Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Girard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Kavin Arasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Aayush Bhoraskar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Berei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Adam Eckburg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Austin D. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Christian Garcia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Ariana Munger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Sunil Palani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, IL, USA
| | - Thomas J Smith
- College of Education, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL, USA
| | | | - Connie Vitali
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford IL, USA
| | - Odile David
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neelu Puri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Rockford, 1601 Parkview Avenue, Room Number E-632, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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Yu H, Yin Y, Yi Y, Cheng Z, Kuang W, Li R, Zhong H, Cui Y, Yuan L, Gong F, Wang Z, Li H, Peng H, Zhang G. Targeting lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) exerts antileukemic effects on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 40:501-517. [PMID: 32820611 PMCID: PMC7571401 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is an uncommon and aggressive subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the serum of T‐ALL patients, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is increased. We proposed that targeting LDHA may be a potential strategy to improve T‐ALL outcomes. The current study was conducted to investigate the antileukemic effect of LDHA gene‐targeting treatment on T‐ALL and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Primary T‐ALL cell lines Jurkat and DU528 were treated with the LDH inhibitor oxamate. MTT, colony formation, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were performed to investigate the effects of oxamate on T‐ALL cells. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting analyses were applied to determine the related signaling pathways. A mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay was performed to evaluate ROS production after T‐ALL cells were treated with oxamate. A T‐ALL transgenic zebrafish model with LDHA gene knockdown was established using CRISPR/Cas9 gene‐editing technology, and then TUNEL, Western blotting, and T‐ALL tumor progression analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of LDHA gene knockdown on T‐ALL transgenic zebrafish. Results Oxamate significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of Jurkat and DU528 cells. It also arrested Jurkat and DU528 cells in G0/G1 phase and stimulated ROS production (all P < 0.001). Blocking LDHA significantly decreased the gene and protein expression of c‐Myc, as well as the levels of phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK‐3β) in the phosphatidylinositol 3′‐kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. LDHA gene knockdown delayed disease progression and down‐regulated c‐Myc mRNA and protein expression in T‐ALL transgenic zebrafish. Conclusion Targeting LDHA exerted an antileukemic effect on T‐ALL, representing a potential strategy for T‐ALL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhi Yu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune-related Diseases, People's Hospital of Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Yin
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Department of Hematology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411100, P. R. China
| | - Yifang Yi
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Department of Hematology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Wenyong Kuang
- Department of Hematology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410005, P. R. China
| | - Ruijuan Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Haiying Zhong
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Yajuan Cui
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Lingli Yuan
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Fanjie Gong
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China.,Institute of Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
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Notopuro PB, Nugraha J, Utomo B, Notopuro H. The Association of FLT3-ITD Gene Mutation with Bone Marrow Blast Cell Count, CD34, Cyclin D1, Bcl-xL and hENT1 Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 15:306-312. [PMID: 32944043 PMCID: PMC7477678 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.122579.2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: FLT3-ITD has been recently used as a molecular prognostic marker for risk classification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. In this study we aimed to investigate the association of FLT3-ITD gene mutation with bone marrow blast cell count, CD34 expression as malignant cell burden, cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL expressions as indexes of cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis and human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) expression as cytarabine transporter during AML treatment. Methods: We investigated FLT3-ITD mutations, bone marrow blast cell count, CD34, cyclin D1, Bcl-xL and hENT1 expression in bone marrow aspirates from 22 de novo AML patients in a cross sectional study. Results: FLT3-ITD mutations were observed in 5 out of 22 de novo AML patients (22.7%). Patient with FLT3-ITD mutations had higher blast cell counts (79.5% vs 56.1%, P=0.004). In patients with FLT3-ITD mutations, CD34 and cyclin D1 expressions were higher (MFI 328.80 vs 25.78, P=0.003 and MFI 74.51 vs 57.15 P=0.005) than the patients without mutations. hENT1 expression in AML with FLT3-ITD mutation was lower (MFI 29.64 versus 56.32, P=0.0000) than in mutation-free AML. There was no significant difference in Bcl-xL expression between patients with and without mutations (P=0.61). Conclusion: A significant association was found between FLT3-ITD gene mutations in AML patients with bone marrow blast cell count, CD34, cyclin D1 and hENT1 expressions, however no association was obtained with Bcl-xL expression. These findings support the role of such mutation in pathogenesis of AMLand its contribution in rearrangement of standard therapy with cytarabine in management of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jusak Nugraha
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jawa, Indonesia
| | - Budi Utomo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jawa, Indonesia
| | - Harianto Notopuro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Jawa, Indonesia
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A bioinformatics investigation into molecular mechanism of Yinzhihuang granules for treating hepatitis B by network pharmacology and molecular docking verification. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11448. [PMID: 32651427 PMCID: PMC7351787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Yinzhihuang granules (YZHG) is a patented Chinese medicine for the treatment of hepatitis B. This study aimed to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms of YZHG in the treatment of hepatitis B and to provide new evidence and insights for its clinical application. The chemical compounds of YZHG were searched in the CNKI and PUBMED databases, and their putative targets were then predicted through a search of the SuperPred and Swiss Target Prediction databases. In addition, the targets of hepatitis B were obtained from TTD, PharmGKB and DisGeNET. The abovementioned data were visualized using Cytoscape 3.7.1, and network construction identified a total of 13 potential targets of YZHG in the treatment of hepatitis B. Molecular docking verification showed that CDK6, CDK2, TP53 and BRCA1 might be strongly correlated with hepatitis B treatment. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the treatment of hepatitis B by YZHG might be related to positive regulation of transcription, positive regulation of gene expression, the hepatitis B pathway and the viral carcinogenesis pathway. Network pharmacology intuitively shows the multicomponent, multitarget and multichannel pharmacological effects of YZHG in the treatment of hepatitis B and provides a scientific basis for its mechanism of action.
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34
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Satta T, Grant S. Enhancing venetoclax activity in hematological malignancies. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:697-708. [PMID: 32600066 PMCID: PMC7529910 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1789588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Targeting anti-apoptotic pathways involving the BCL2 family proteins represents a novel treatment strategy in hematologic malignancies. Venetoclax, a selective BCL2 inhibitor, represents the first approved agent of this class, and is currently used in CLL and AML. However, monotherapy is rarely sufficient for sustained responses due to the development of drug resistance and loss of dependence upon the targeted protein. Numerous pre-clinical studies have shown that combining venetoclax with other agents may represent a more effective therapeutic strategy by circumventing resistance mechanisms. In this review, we summarize pre-clinical data providing a foundation for rational combination strategies involving venetoclax. AREAS COVERED Novel combination strategies in hematologic malignancies involving venetoclax, primarily at the pre-clinical level, will be reviewed. We emphasize novel agents that interrupt complementary or compensatory pro-survival pathways, and particularly mechanistic insights underlying synergism. PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google scholar were searched from 2000. EXPERT OPINION Although venetoclax has proven to be an effective therapeutic in hematologic malignancies, monotherapy may be insufficient for maximal effectiveness due to the development of resistance and/or loss of BCL2 addiction. Further pre-clinical and clinical development of combination therapies may be necessary for optimal outcomes in patients with diverse blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihisa Satta
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, USA
| | - Steven Grant
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, USA
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Samii A, Razmkhah F. Transformation of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells by Leukemia Extracellular Vesicles: A Step Toward Leukemogenesis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:1081-1091. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-09975-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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36
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Uras IZ, Sexl V, Kollmann K. CDK6 Inhibition: A Novel Approach in AML Management. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072528. [PMID: 32260549 PMCID: PMC7178035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease with an aggressive clinical course and high mortality rate. The standard of care for patients has only changed minimally over the past 40 years. However, potentially useful agents have moved from bench to bedside with the potential to revolutionize therapeutic strategies. As such, cell-cycle inhibitors have been discussed as alternative treatment options for AML. In this review, we focus on cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) emerging as a key molecule with distinct functions in different subsets of AML. CDK6 exerts its effects in a kinase-dependent and -independent manner which is of clinical significance as current inhibitors only target the enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Z. Uras
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Karoline Kollmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: + 43-1-25077-2917
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Wang X, Deng K, Wang C, Li Y, Wang T, Huang Z, Ma Y, Sun P, Shi Y, Yang S, Fan Y, Xiang R. Novel CDKs inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumour by simultaneously regulating the cell cycle and transcription control. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:414-423. [PMID: 31899991 PMCID: PMC6968521 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1705290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitors, which play critical roles in the cell cycle control and regulation of cell transcription, were synthesised. A systematic study of enzymatic and cellular assays led to the identification of compound X22 with a nanomolar potency against CDK4 and CDK9 and potent antiproliferative activities against a panel of tumour cell lines. X22 could induce cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis in cancer cell lines. X22 dose-dependently inhibits signalling pathways downstream of CDKs in cancer cells. In vivo antitumor activity assays, oral administration of X22 led to significant tumour regression in mouse model without obvious toxicity. Superior anti-cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo of X22 demonstrated combined depletion of cell cycle and transcriptional CDK all contributed to antitumor activity. Taken together, concomitant inhibition of cell cycle and transcriptional CDK activities provided valuable guide for further structural optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaiyuan Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yakun Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peiqing Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin, China
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Transcriptional Regulation of Genes by Ikaros Tumor Suppressor in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041377. [PMID: 32085659 PMCID: PMC7073093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of oncogenic gene expression by transcription factors that function as tumor suppressors is one of the major mechanisms that regulate leukemogenesis. Understanding this complex process is essential for explaining the pathogenesis of leukemia as well as developing targeted therapies. Here, we provide an overview of the role of Ikaros tumor suppressor and its role in regulation of gene transcription in acute leukemia. Ikaros (IKZF1) is a DNA-binding protein that functions as a master regulator of hematopoiesis and the immune system, as well as a tumor suppressor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Genetic alteration or functional inactivation of Ikaros results in the development of high-risk leukemia. Ikaros binds to the specific consensus binding motif at upstream regulatory elements of its target genes, recruits chromatin-remodeling complexes and activates or represses transcription via chromatin remodeling. Over the last twenty years, a large number of Ikaros target genes have been identified, and the role of Ikaros in the regulation of their expression provided insight into the mechanisms of Ikaros tumor suppressor function in leukemia. Here we summarize the role of Ikaros in the regulation of the expression of the genes whose function is critical for cellular proliferation, development, and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Pichard A, Marcatili S, Karam J, Constanzo J, Ladjohounlou R, Courteau A, Jarlier M, Bonnefoy N, Patzke S, Stenberg V, Coopman P, Cartron G, Navarro-Teulon I, Repetto-Llamazares A, Heyerdahl H, Dahle J, Bardiès M, Pouget JP. The therapeutic effectiveness of 177Lu-lilotomab in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma involves modulation of G2/M cell cycle arrest. Leukemia 2019; 34:1315-1328. [PMID: 31836849 PMCID: PMC7192854 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Some patients with B-cell non-Hodkin lymphoma Lymphoma (NHL) become refractory to rituximab (anti-CD20 antibody) therapy associated with chemotherapy. Here, the effect of the anti-CD37 antibody-radionuclide conjugate lutetium-177 (177Lu)-lilotomab (Betalutin®) was investigated in preclinical models of NHL. In SCID mice bearing DOHH2 (transformed follicular lymphoma, FL) cell xenografts, 177Lu-lilotomab significantly delayed tumor growth, even at low activity (100 MBq/kg). In athymic mice bearing OCI-Ly8 (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL) or Ramos (Burkitt’s lymphoma) cell xenografts, 177Lu-lilotomab activity had to be increased to 500 MBq/kg to show a significant tumor growth delay. Clonogenic and proliferation assays showed that DOHH2 cells were highly sensitive to 177Lu-lilotomab, while Ramos cells were the least sensitive, and U2932 (DLBCL), OCI-Ly8, and Rec-1 (mantle cell lymphoma) cells displayed intermediate sensitivity. The strong 177Lu-lilotomab cytotoxicity observed in DOHH2 cells correlated with reduced G2/M cell cycle arrest, lower WEE-1- and MYT-1-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (CDK1), and higher apoptosis. In agreement, 177Lu-lilotomab efficacy in vitro, in vivo, and in patient samples was increased when combined with G2/M cell cycle arrest inhibitors (MK-1775 and PD-166285). These results indicate that 177Lu-lilotomab is particularly efficient in treating tumors with reduced inhibitory CDK1 phosphorylation, such as transformed FL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Pichard
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Sara Marcatili
- UMR 1037 INSERM/UPS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, F-31062, France
| | - Jihad Karam
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Julie Constanzo
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Riad Ladjohounlou
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Alan Courteau
- UMR 1037 INSERM/UPS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, F-31062, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier F-34298, France, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Bonnefoy
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Sebastian Patzke
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Kjelsåsveien 168 B, 0884, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, OUH-Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vilde Stenberg
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Kjelsåsveien 168 B, 0884, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Coopman
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | - Guillaume Cartron
- Département d'Hématologie, UMR-CNRS 5235, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Navarro-Teulon
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France
| | | | - Helen Heyerdahl
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Kjelsåsveien 168 B, 0884, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jostein Dahle
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Kjelsåsveien 168 B, 0884, Oslo, Norway
| | - Manuel Bardiès
- UMR 1037 INSERM/UPS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, F-31062, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Pouget
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, F-34298, France.
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Tibes R, Bogenberger JM. Transcriptional Silencing of MCL-1 Through Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibition in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1205. [PMID: 31921615 PMCID: PMC6920180 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common adult acute leukemia. Survival remains poor, despite decades of scientific advances. Cytotoxic induction chemotherapy regimens are standard-of-care for most patients. Many investigations have highlighted the genomic heterogeneity of AML, and several new targeted therapeutic options have recently been approved. Additional novel therapies are showing promising clinical results and may rapidly transform the therapeutic landscape of AML. Despite the emerging clinical success of B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 targeting in AML and a large body of preclinical data supporting myeloid leukemia cell (MCL)-1 as an attractive therapeutic target for AML, MCL-1 targeting remains relatively unexplored, although novel MCL-1 inhibitors are under clinical investigation. Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) involved in the regulation of transcription, CDK9 in particular, are being investigated in AML as a strategy to target MCL-1 indirectly. In this article, we review the basis for CDK inhibition in oncology with a focus on relevant preclinical mechanism-of-action studies of CDK9 inhibitors in the context of their therapeutic potential specifically in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Tibes
- NYU School of Medicine & Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
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41
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Schneeweiss-Gleixner M, Byrgazov K, Stefanzl G, Berger D, Eisenwort G, Lucini CB, Herndlhofer S, Preuner S, Obrova K, Pusic P, Witzeneder N, Greiner G, Hoermann G, Sperr WR, Lion T, Deininger M, Valent P, Gleixner KV. CDK4/CDK6 inhibition as a novel strategy to suppress the growth and survival of BCR-ABL1 T315I+ clones in TKI-resistant CML. EBioMedicine 2019; 50:111-121. [PMID: 31761618 PMCID: PMC6921367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ponatinib is the only approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) suppressing BCR-ABL1T315I-mutated cells in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, due to side effects and resistance, BCR-ABL1T315I-mutated CML remains a clinical challenge. Hydroxyurea (HU) has been used for cytoreduction in CML for decades. We found that HU suppresses or even eliminates BCR-ABL1T315I+ sub-clones in heavily pretreated CML patients. Based on this observation, we investigated the effects of HU on TKI-resistant CML cells in vitro. Methods Viability, apoptosis and proliferation of drug-exposed primary CML cells and BCR-ABL1+ cell lines were examined by flow cytometry and 3H-thymidine-uptake. Expression of drug targets was analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting. Findings HU was more effective in inhibiting the proliferation of leukemic cells harboring BCR-ABL1T315I or T315I-including compound-mutations compared to cells expressing wildtype BCR-ABL1. Moreover, HU synergized with ponatinib and ABL001 in inducing growth inhibition in CML cells. Furthermore, HU blocked cell cycle progression in leukemic cells, which was accompanied by decreased expression of CDK4 and CDK6. Palbociclib, a more specific CDK4/CDK6-inhibitor, was also found to suppress proliferation in primary CML cells and to synergize with ponatinib in producing growth inhibition in BCR-ABL1T315I+ cells, suggesting that suppression of CDK4/CDK6 may be a promising concept to overcome BCR-ABL1T315I-associated TKI resistance. Interpretation HU and the CDK4/CDK6-blocker palbociclib inhibit growth of CML clones expressing BCR-ABL1T315I or complex T315I-including compound-mutations. Clinical studies are required to confirm single drug effects and the efficacy of `ponatinib+HU´ and ´ponatinib+palbociclib´ combinations in advanced CML. Funding This project was supported by the Austrian Science Funds (FWF) projects F4701-B20, F4704-B20 and P30625.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gabriele Stefanzl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Berger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Susanne Herndlhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Preuner
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Klara Obrova
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Pusic
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Witzeneder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Greiner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Deininger
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Karoline V Gleixner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Lee DJ, Zeidner JF. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 9 and 4/6 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): a promising therapeutic approach. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:989-1001. [PMID: 31612739 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1678583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite advancements over the last 2 years, outcomes for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are poor; however, a greater comprehension of disease mechanisms has driven the investigation of new targeted treatments. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell cycle progression, transcription and DNA repair, and are aberrantly expressed in AML. Targeting the CDK pathway is an emerging promising therapeutic strategy in AML.Areas covered: We describe the rationale for targeting CDK9 and CDK4/6, the ongoing preclinical and clinical trials and the potential of these inhibitors in AML. Our analysis included an extensive literature search via the Pubmed database and clinicaltrials.gov (March to August, 2019).Expert opinion: While CDK4/6 inhibitors are early in development for AML, CDK9 inhibition with alvocidib has encouraging clinical activity in newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory AML. Preclinical data suggests that leukemic MCL-1 dependence may predict response to alvocidib. Moreover, MCL-1 plays a key role in resistance to BCL-2 inhibition with venetoclax. Investigational strategies of concomitant BCL-2 and CDK9 inhibition represent a promising therapeutic platform for AML. Furthermore, preclinical data suggests that CDK4/6 inhibition has selective activity in patients with KMT2A-rearrangements and FLT3 mutations. Incorporation of CDK9 and 4/6 inhibitors into the existing therapeutic armamentarium may improve outcomes in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua F Zeidner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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43
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Shen S, Dean DC, Yu Z, Duan Z. Role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic potential of targeting the CDK signaling pathway. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:1097-1108. [PMID: 31009153 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer related mortality in the world, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) representing the most common primary subtype. Two-thirds of HCC patients have advanced disease when diagnosed, and for these patients, treatment strategies remain limited. In addition, there is a high incidence of tumor recurrence after surgical resection with the current treatment regimens. The development of novel and more effective agents is required. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) constitute a family of 21 different protein kinases involved in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance, and are evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials as chemotherapeutics. To summarize and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting CDKs in HCC, recent published articles identified from PubMed were comprehensively reviewed. The key words included hepatocellular carcinoma, cyclin-dependent kinases, and CDK inhibitors. This review focuses on the emerging evidence from studies describing the genetic and functional aspects of CDKs in HCC. We also present an overview of CDK inhibitors that have shown efficacy in laboratory studies of HCC. Although many of the studies assessing CDK-targeting therapies in HCC are at the preclinical stage, there is significant evidence that CDK inhibitors used alone or in combination with established chemotherapy drugs could have significant applications in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Shen
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dylan C Dean
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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44
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Winer ES, Stone RM. Novel therapy in Acute myeloid leukemia (AML): moving toward targeted approaches. Ther Adv Hematol 2019; 10:2040620719860645. [PMID: 31321011 PMCID: PMC6624910 DOI: 10.1177/2040620719860645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous and complex disease characterized by rapid cellular proliferation, an aggressive clinical course, and generally high mortality. While progress has been made in the understanding of the genetic and molecular biology of the disease, the standard of care for patients had only changed minimally over the past 40 years. Recently, rapid movement of potentially useful agents from bench to bedside has translated into new therapies either recently approved or in clinical trials. These therapies include improved chemotherapies, mutationally targeted inhibitors, pro-apoptotic agents, microenvironment targeting molecules, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, and epigenetic regulators. Furthermore, advances in immunotherapy employ monoclonal and bispecific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, checkpoint inhibitors, and vaccines provide an alternative pathway for AML treatment. In this review, we discuss the recent results of completed or ongoing clinical trials with these novel therapeutic agents in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Winer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Leukemia Division,
Department of Medical Oncology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard M. Stone
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Leukemia Division,
Department of Medical Oncology, 450 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02115,
USA
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45
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Meng L, Yang H, Jin C, Quan S. miR‑28‑5p suppresses cell proliferation and weakens the progression of polycystic ovary syndrome by targeting prokineticin‑1. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2468-2475. [PMID: 31322191 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prokineticin‑1 (PROK1) serves important roles in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); however, the association between microRNA (miR)‑28‑5p and PROK1 remains unclear. In the present study, the roles of miR‑28‑5p and PROK1, and their interaction in PCOS were investigated. Rat ovary granule cells were transfected with miR‑28‑5p mimics, and PROK1 expression levels were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the association between miR‑28‑5p and PROK1. Additionally, pcDNA‑PROK1 was co‑transfected into rat ovary granule cells with miR‑28‑5p mimics. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and the expression of signaling proteins were investigated using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays, 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine staining, flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively. PROK1 expression was suppressed in rat ovary granule cells by miR‑28‑5p mimics, but upregulated following transfection with miR‑28‑5p inhibitors. The dual‑luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR‑28‑5p binds to the 3'‑untranslated region of PROK1. Proliferation activity was increased in PROK1‑overexpressing cells; this effect was eliminated by co‑transfection with miR‑28‑5p mimics. PROK1‑overexpressing rat ovary granule cells exhibited significantly suppressed cell apoptosis and a decreased number of cells in G1; miR‑28‑5p mimics reversed these effects. Western blotting revealed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was activated by PROK1. The present results suggested that miR‑28‑5p attenuated the progression of PCOS by targeting PROK1, which may promote the pathogenesis of PCOS via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, indicating that the miR‑28‑5p/PROK1 axis may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyuhe Meng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Jin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Song Quan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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Wood DJ, Endicott JA. Structural insights into the functional diversity of the CDK-cyclin family. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.180112. [PMID: 30185601 PMCID: PMC6170502 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their characterization as conserved modules that regulate progression through the eukaryotic cell cycle, cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) in higher eukaryotic cells are now also emerging as significant regulators of transcription, metabolism and cell differentiation. The cyclins, though originally characterized as CDK partners, also have CDK-independent roles that include the regulation of DNA damage repair and transcriptional programmes that direct cell differentiation, apoptosis and metabolic flux. This review compares the structures of the members of the CDK and cyclin families determined by X-ray crystallography, and considers what mechanistic insights they provide to guide functional studies and distinguish CDK- and cyclin-specific activities. Aberrant CDK activity is a hallmark of a number of diseases, and structural studies can provide important insights to identify novel routes to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Wood
- Newcastle Cancer Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jane A Endicott
- Newcastle Cancer Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Dawidowska M, Jaksik R, Drobna M, Szarzyńska-Zawadzka B, Kosmalska M, Sędek Ł, Machowska L, Lalik A, Lejman M, Ussowicz M, Kałwak K, Kowalczyk JR, Szczepański T, Witt M. Comprehensive Investigation of miRNome Identifies Novel Candidate miRNA-mRNA Interactions Implicated in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Neoplasia 2019; 21:294-310. [PMID: 30763910 PMCID: PMC6372882 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy originating from T-cell precursors. The genetic landscape of T-ALL has been largely characterized by next-generation sequencing. Yet, the transcriptome of miRNAs (miRNome) of T-ALL has been less extensively studied. Using small RNA sequencing, we characterized the miRNome of 34 pediatric T-ALL samples, including the expression of isomiRs and the identification of candidate novel miRNAs (not previously annotated in miRBase). For the first time, we show that immunophenotypic subtypes of T-ALL present different miRNA expression profiles. To extend miRNome characteristics in T-ALL (to 82 T-ALL cases), we combined our small RNA-seq results with data available in Gene Expression Omnibus. We report on miRNAs most abundantly expressed in pediatric T-ALL and miRNAs differentially expressed in T-ALL versus normal mature T-lymphocytes and thymocytes, representing candidate oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNAs. Using eight target prediction algorithms and pathway enrichment analysis, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs and their predicted targets implicated in processes (defined in Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) of potential importance in pathogenesis of T-ALL, including interleukin-6-mediated signaling, mTOR signaling, and regulation of apoptosis. We finally focused on hsa-mir-106a-363 cluster and functionally validated direct interactions of hsa-miR-20b-5p and hsa-miR-363-3p with 3' untranslated regions of their predicted targets (PTEN, SOS1, LATS2), overrepresented in regulation of apoptosis. hsa-mir-106a-363 is a paralogue of prototypic oncogenic hsa-mir-17-92 cluster with yet unestablished role in the pathogenesis of T-ALL. Our study provides a firm basis and data resource for functional analyses on the role of miRNA-mRNA interactions in T-ALL.
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Key Words
- all, acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- egil, european group for immunological classification of leukemias
- geo, gene expression omnibus
- go, gene ontology
- isomir, isoform of mirna
- kegg, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes
- mirnome, transcriptome of mirnas
- mre, mirna response element
- or, odds ratio
- rt-qpcr, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
- small rna-seq, next-generation sequencing of small rnas
- t-all, t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- 3′utr, 3′ untranslated region
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Dawidowska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Roman Jaksik
- Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Monika Drobna
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bronisława Szarzyńska-Zawadzka
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maria Kosmalska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Sędek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Ludomiła Machowska
- Clinic of Pediatric Oncology Hematology and Transplantology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33, 60-572 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Lalik
- Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Monika Lejman
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, Children's University Hospital, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Marek Ussowicz
- Department of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation, Oncology, and Hematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Kałwak
- Department of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation, Oncology, and Hematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Jerzy R Kowalczyk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Szczepański
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 3 Maja 13-15, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Michał Witt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
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Reck M, Horn L, Novello S, Barlesi F, Albert I, Juhász E, Kowalski D, Robinet G, Cadranel J, Bidoli P, Chung J, Fritsch A, Drews U, Wagner A, Govindan R. Phase II Study of Roniciclib in Combination with Cisplatin/Etoposide or Carboplatin/Etoposide as First-Line Therapy in Patients with Extensive-Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:701-711. [PMID: 30677506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the pan-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor roniciclib with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with extensive-disease SCLC. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind study, unselected patients with previously untreated extensive-disease SCLC received roniciclib, 5 mg, or placebo twice daily according to a 3 days-on, 4 days-off schedule in 21-day cycles, with concomitant cisplatin or carboplatin on day 1 and etoposide on days 1 to 3. The primary end point was progression-free survival. Other end points included overall survival, objective response rate, and safety. RESULTS A total of 140 patients received treatment: 70 with roniciclib plus chemotherapy and 70 with placebo plus chemotherapy. Median progression-free survival times was 4.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.2-5.5) with roniciclib plus chemotherapy and 5.5 months (95% CI: 4.6-5.6) with placebo plus chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.242, 95% CI: 0.820-1.881, p = 0.8653). Median overall survival times was 9.7 months (95% CI: 7.9-11.1) with roniciclib plus chemotherapy and 10.3 months (95% CI: 8.7-11.9) with placebo plus chemotherapy (HR = 1.281, 95% CI: 0.776-1.912, p = 0.7858). The objective response rates were 60.6% with roniciclib plus chemotherapy and 74.6% with placebo plus chemotherapy. Common treatment-emergent adverse events in both groups included nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Serious treatment-emergent adverse events were more common with roniciclib plus chemotherapy (57.1%) than with placebo plus chemotherapy (38.6%). CONCLUSIONS Roniciclib combined with chemotherapy demonstrated an unfavorable risk-benefit profile in patients with extensive-disease SCLC, and the study was prematurely terminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reck
- LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North, German Center for Lung Research, Grosshansdorf, Germany.
| | - Leora Horn
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrice Barlesi
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - István Albert
- Pulmonary Department, Mátraháza Hospital, Mátraháza, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Juhász
- Korányi National Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | - John Chung
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Whippany, New Jersey
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49
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Litzow MR, Wang XV, Carroll MP, Karp JE, Ketterling RP, Zhang Y, Kaufmann SH, Lazarus HM, Luger SM, Paietta EM, Pratz KW, Tun HW, Altman JK, Broun ER, Rybka WB, Rowe JM, Tallman MS. A randomized trial of three novel regimens for recurrent acute myeloid leukemia demonstrates the continuing challenge of treating this difficult disease. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:111-117. [PMID: 30370956 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To improve the outcome of relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a randomized phase II trial of three novel regimens was conducted. Ninety patients were enrolled and were in first relapse or were refractory to induction/re-induction chemotherapy. They were randomized to the following regimens: carboplatin-topotecan (CT), each by continuous infusion for 5 days; alvocidib (formerly flavopiridol), cytarabine, and mitoxantrone (FLAM) in a timed sequential regimen; or sirolimus combined with mitoxantrone, etoposide, and cytarabine (S-MEC). The primary objective was attainment of a complete remission (CR). A Simon two-stage design was used for each of the three arms. The median age of the patients in the FLAM arm was older at 62 years compared with 55 years for the CT arm and the S-MEC arm. The overall response was 14% in the CT arm (5/35, 90% CI 7%-35%), 28% in the FLAM arm (10/36, 90% CI, 16%-43%), and 16% in the S-MEC arm (3/19, 90% CI, 4%-36%). There were nine treatment-related deaths, seven of which occurred in the FLAM arm with four of these in elderly patients. We conclude that the FLAM regimen had an encouraging response rate and should be considered for further clinical development but should be used with caution in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Litzow
- Departments of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Xin V. Wang
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology; Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Martin P. Carroll
- Oncology; Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Judith E. Karp
- Hematology/Medical Oncology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Rhett P. Ketterling
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester Minnesota
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Departments of Pathology; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
| | | | - Hillard M. Lazarus
- Seidman Cancer Center; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland Ohio
| | - Selina M. Luger
- Oncology; Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Elisabeth M. Paietta
- Oncology; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center; Bronx New York
| | - Keith W. Pratz
- Hematology/Medical Oncology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Han Win Tun
- Hematology/Oncology; Mayo Clinic; Jacksonville Florida
| | - Jessica K. Altman
- Hematology/Medical Oncology; Northwestern University School of Medicine; Chicago Illinois
| | - Edward R. Broun
- Hematology/Oncology; Oncology Hematology Care, Inc, Jewish Hospital; Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Witold B. Rybka
- Medicine and Pathology; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute; Hershey Pennsylvania
| | - Jacob M. Rowe
- Department of Hematology; Shaare Zedek Medical Center; Jerusalem Israel
| | - Martin S. Tallman
- Hematology/Oncology; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; New York New York
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50
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Hefazi M, Litzow MR. Recent Advances in the Biology and Treatment of T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2018; 13:265-274. [PMID: 29948644 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-018-0455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides an overview of the current knowledge regarding the biology and treatment of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and highlights the most recent findings in this field over the past 5 years. RECENT FINDINGS Remarkable progress has been made in the genomic landscape of T-ALL over the past few years. The discovery of activating mutations of NOTCH1 and FBXW7 in a majority of patients has been a seminal observation, with several early phase clinical trials currently exploring these as potential therapeutic targets. Characterization of early T cell precursor ALL, incorporation of minimal residual disease assessment into therapeutic protocols, and use of pediatric-intensive regimens along with judicious use of allogeneic HCT have significantly improved risk stratification and treatment outcomes. Improved risk stratification and the use of novel targeted therapies based on recent genomic discoveries are expected to change the therapeutic landscape of T-ALL and hopefully improve the outcomes of this historically poor prognosis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hefazi
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Mark R Litzow
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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