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Zhang X, Wang T. YIPF2 regulates genome integrity. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:114. [PMID: 39238039 PMCID: PMC11376028 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanisms for genome integrity maintenance can help in developing effective intervention strategies to combat aging. A whole-genome RNAi screen was conducted to identify novel factors involved in maintaining genome stability. The potential target genes identified in the screening are related to the cell cycle, proteasome, and spliceosomes. Unexpectedly, the Golgi protein YIPF2 has been found to play a critical role in maintaining genome stability. The depletion of YIPF2 hinders the process of homologous recombination (HR) repair, which then triggers DNA damage response mechanisms, ultimately leading to cellular senescence. The overexpression of YIPF2 facilitated cellular recovery from DNA damage induced by chemotherapy agents or replicative senescence-associated DNA damage. Our findings indicate that only the intact Golgi apparatus containing YIPF2 provides a protective effect on genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou, China
- GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint, Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou, China.
- GIBH-CUHK Joint Research Laboratory On Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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He J, Zhang L. The journey of STING: Guiding immune signaling through membrane trafficking. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 78:25-36. [PMID: 39019665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) serves as a pivotal mediator in the innate immune signaling pathway, transducing signals from various DNA receptors and playing a crucial role in natural immune processes. During cellular quiescence, STING protein resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and its activation typically occurs through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Upon activation, STING protein is transported to the Golgi apparatus, thereby initiating downstream signaling cascades. Vesicular transport serves as the primary mechanism for STING protein trafficking between the ER and Golgi apparatus, with COPII mediating anterograde transport from the ER to Golgi apparatus, while COPI is responsible for retrograde transport. Numerous factors influence these transport processes, thereby exerting either promoting or inhibitory effects on STING protein expression. Upon reaching the Golgi apparatus, to prevent over-activation, STING protein is transported to post-Golgi compartments for degradation. In addition to the conventional lysosomal degradation pathway, ESCRT has also been identified as one of the degradation pathways for STING protein. This review summarizes the recent findings on the membrane trafficking pathways of STING, highlighting their contributions to the regulation of cytokine production, the activation of immune cells, and the coordination of immune signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
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3
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Kitta S, Kaminishi T, Higashi M, Shima T, Nishino K, Nakamura N, Kosako H, Yoshimori T, Kuma A. YIPF3 and YIPF4 regulate autophagic turnover of the Golgi apparatus. EMBO J 2024; 43:2954-2978. [PMID: 38822137 PMCID: PMC11250848 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The degradation of organelles by autophagy is essential for cellular homeostasis. The Golgi apparatus has recently been demonstrated to be degraded by autophagy, but little is known about how the Golgi is recognized by the forming autophagosome. Using quantitative proteomic analysis and two novel Golgiphagy reporter systems, we found that the five-pass transmembrane Golgi-resident proteins YIPF3 and YIPF4 constitute a Golgiphagy receptor. The interaction of this complex with LC3B, GABARAP, and GABARAPL1 is dependent on a LIR motif within YIPF3 and putative phosphorylation sites immediately upstream; the stability of the complex is governed by YIPF4. Expression of a YIPF3 protein containing a mutated LIR motif caused an elongated Golgi morphology, indicating the importance of Golgi turnover via selective autophagy. The reporter assays reported here may be readily adapted to different experimental contexts to help deepen our understanding of Golgiphagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinri Kitta
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kaminishi
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Momoko Higashi
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shima
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishino
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakamura
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita, Kyoto, 603-8555, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Laboratory of Intracellular Membrane Dynamics, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Akiko Kuma
- Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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4
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Lu Z, Zhang S, Liu Y, Xia R, Li M. Origin of eukaryotic-like Vps23 shapes an ancient functional interplay between ESCRT and ubiquitin system in Asgard archaea. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113781. [PMID: 38358888 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Functional interplay between the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) and the ubiquitin system underlies the ubiquitin-dependent cargo-sorting pathway of the eukaryotic endomembrane system, yet its evolutionary origin remains unclear. Here, we show that a UEV-Vps23 protein family, which contains UEV and Vps23 domains, mediates an ancient ESCRT and ubiquitin system interplay in Asgard archaea. The UEV binds ubiquitin with high affinity, making the UEV-Vps23 a sensor for sorting ubiquitinated cargo. A steadiness box in the Vps23 domain undergoes ubiquitination through an Asgard E1, E2, and RING E3 cascade. The UEV-Vps23 switches between autoinhibited and active forms, regulating the ESCRT and ubiquitin system interplay. Furthermore, the shared sequence and structural homology among the UEV-Vps23, eukaryotic Vps23, and archaeal CdvA suggest a common evolutionary origin. Together, this work expands our understanding of the ancient ESCRT and ubiquitin system interplay that likely arose antedating divergent evolution between Asgard archaea and eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Lu
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Runyue Xia
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Meng Li
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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5
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Song R, McAlpine W, Fond AM, Nair-Gill E, Choi JH, Nyström EEL, Arike L, Field S, Li X, SoRelle JA, Moresco JJ, Moresco EMY, Yates JR, Azadi P, Ni J, Birchenough GMH, Beutler B, Turer EE. Trans-Golgi protein TVP23B regulates host-microbe interactions via Paneth cell homeostasis and Goblet cell glycosylation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3652. [PMID: 37339972 PMCID: PMC10282085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A key feature in intestinal immunity is the dynamic intestinal barrier, which separates the host from resident and pathogenic microbiota through a mucus gel impregnated with antimicrobial peptides. Using a forward genetic screen, we have found a mutation in Tvp23b, which conferred susceptibility to chemically induced and infectious colitis. Trans-Golgi apparatus membrane protein TVP23 homolog B (TVP23B) is a transmembrane protein conserved from yeast to humans. We found that TVP23B controls the homeostasis of Paneth cells and function of goblet cells, leading to a decrease in antimicrobial peptides and more penetrable mucus layer. TVP23B binds with another Golgi protein, YIPF6, which is similarly critical for intestinal homeostasis. The Golgi proteomes of YIPF6 and TVP23B-deficient colonocytes have a common deficiency of several critical glycosylation enzymes. TVP23B is necessary for the formation of the sterile mucin layer of the intestine and its absence disturbs the balance of host and microbe in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Song
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - William McAlpine
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Aaron M Fond
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Evan Nair-Gill
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Jin Huk Choi
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Elisabeth E L Nyström
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, 24118, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Liisa Arike
- The Wallenberg Centre for Molecular & Translational Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sydney Field
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Jeffrey A SoRelle
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - James J Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Eva Marie Y Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Josephine Ni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - George M H Birchenough
- The Wallenberg Centre for Molecular & Translational Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA
| | - Emre E Turer
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-8505, USA.
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6
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Liu X, Yang J, Li Z, Liu R, Wu X, Zhang Z, Lai L, Li Z, Song Y. YIPF5 (p.W218R) mutation induced primary microcephaly in rabbits. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 182:106135. [PMID: 37142085 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly (PMCPH) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder with a global prevalence of PMCPH ranging from 0.0013% to 0.15%. Recently, a homozygous missense mutation in YIPF5 (p.W218R) was identified as a causative mutation of severe microcephaly. In this study, we constructed a rabbit PMCPH model harboring YIPF5 (p.W218R) mutation using SpRY-ABEmax mediated base substitution, which precisely recapitulated the typical symptoms of human PMCPH. Compared with wild-type controls, the mutant rabbits exhibited stunted growth, reduced head circumference, altered motor ability, and decreased survival rates. Further investigation based on model rabbit elucidated that altered YIPF5 function in cortical neurons could lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress and neurodevelopmental disorders, interference of the generation of apical progenitors (APs), the first generation of progenitors in the developing cortex. Furthermore, these YIPF5-mutant rabbits support a correlation between unfolded protein responses (UPR) induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and the development of PMCPH, thus providing a new perspective on the role of YIPF5 in human brain development and a theoretical basis for the differential diagnosis and clinical treatment of PMCPH. To our knowledge, this is the first gene-edited rabbit model of PMCPH. The model better mimics the clinical features of human microcephaly than the traditional mouse models. Hence, it provides great potential for understanding the pathogenesis and developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for PMCPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhaoyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhongtian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou 510005, China.
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yuning Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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7
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Lee J, Moon B, Lee DW, Hwang I. Translation rate underpins specific targeting of N-terminal transmembrane proteins to mitochondria. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36897023 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein biogenesis is a complex process, and complexity is greatly increased in eukaryotic cells through specific targeting of proteins to different organelles. To direct targeting, organellar proteins carry an organelle-specific targeting signal for recognition by organelle-specific import machinery. However, the situation is confusing for transmembrane domain (TMD)-containing signal-anchored (SA) proteins of various organelles because TMDs function as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting signal. Although ER targeting of SA proteins is well understood, how they are targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts remains elusive. Here, we investigated how the targeting specificity of SA proteins is determined for specific targeting to mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondrial targeting requires multiple motifs around and within TMDs: a basic residue and an arginine-rich region flanking the N- and C-termini of TMDs, respectively, and an aromatic residue in the C-terminal side of the TMD that specify mitochondrial targeting in an additive manner. These motifs play a role in slowing down the elongation speed during translation, thereby ensuring mitochondrial targeting in a co-translational manner. By contrast, the absence of any of these motifs individually or together causes at varying degrees chloroplast targeting that occurs in a post-translational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Lee
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Byeongho Moon
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Lee
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
- Department Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, South Korea
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8
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Barrabi C, Zhang K, Liu M, Chen X. Pancreatic beta cell ER export in health and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1155779. [PMID: 37152949 PMCID: PMC10160654 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1155779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the secretory pathway of the pancreatic beta cell, proinsulin and other secretory granule proteins are first produced in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Beta cell ER homeostasis is vital for normal beta cell functions and is maintained by the delicate balance between protein synthesis, folding, export and degradation. Disruption of ER homeostasis leads to beta cell death and diabetes. Among the four components to maintain ER homeostasis, the role of ER export in insulin biogenesis or beta cell survival was not well-understood. COPII (coat protein complex II) dependent transport is a conserved mechanism for most cargo proteins to exit ER and transport to Golgi apparatus. Emerging evidence began to reveal a critical role of COPII-dependent ER export in beta cells. In this review, we will first discuss the basic components of the COPII transport machinery, the regulation of cargo entry and COPII coat assembly in mammalian cells, and the general concept of receptor-mediated cargo sorting in COPII vesicles. On the basis of these general discussions, the current knowledge and recent developments specific to the beta cell COPII dependent ER export are summarized under normal and diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Barrabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Xuequn Chen,
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Lopez M, Malacarne PF, Ramanujam DP, Warwick T, Müller N, Hu J, Dewenter M, Weigert A, Günther S, Gilsbach R, Engelhardt S, Brandes RP, Rezende F. Endothelial deletion of the cytochrome P450 reductase leads to cardiac remodelling. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1056369. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1056369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 reductase (POR) transfers electrons to all microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) thereby driving their activity. In the vascular system, the POR/CYP450 system has been linked to the production of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) but also to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In cardiac myocytes (CMs), EETs have been shown to modulate the cardiac function and have cardioprotective effects. The functional importance of the endothelial POR/CYP450 system in the heart is unclear and was studied here using endothelial cell-specific, inducible knockout mice of POR (ecPOR−/−). RNA sequencing of murine cardiac cells revealed a cell type-specific expression of different CYP450 homologues. Cardiac endothelial cells mainly expressed members of the CYP2 family which produces EETs, and of the CYP4 family that generates omega fatty acids. Tamoxifen-induced endothelial deletion of POR in mice led to cardiac remodelling under basal conditions, as shown by an increase in heart weight to body weight ratio and an increased CM area as compared to control animals. Endothelial deletion of POR was associated with a significant increase in endothelial genes linked to protein synthesis with no changes in genes of the oxidative stress response. CM of ecPOR−/− mice exhibited attenuated expression of genes linked to mitochondrial function and an increase in genes related to cardiac myocyte contractility. In a model of pressure overload (transverse aortic constriction, TAC with O-rings), ecPOR−/− mice exhibited an accelerated reduction in cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) as compared to control mice. These results suggest that loss of endothelial POR along with a reduction in EETs leads to an increase in vascular stiffness and loss in cardioprotection, resulting in cardiac remodelling.
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10
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Angelotti T. Exploring the eukaryotic Yip and REEP/Yop superfamily of membrane-shaping adapter proteins (MSAPs): A cacophony or harmony of structure and function? Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:912848. [PMID: 36060263 PMCID: PMC9437294 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.912848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polytopic cargo proteins are synthesized and exported along the secretory pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), through the Golgi apparatus, with eventual insertion into the plasma membrane (PM). While searching for proteins that could enhance cell surface expression of olfactory receptors, a new family of proteins termed “receptor expression-enhancing proteins” or REEPs were identified. These membrane-shaping hairpin proteins serve as adapters, interacting with intracellular transport machinery, to regulate cargo protein trafficking. However, REEPs belong to a larger family of proteins, the Yip (Ypt-interacting protein) family, conserved in yeast and higher eukaryotes. To date, eighteen mammalian Yip family members, divided into four subfamilies (Yipf, REEP, Yif, and PRAF), have been identified. Yeast research has revealed many intriguing aspects of yeast Yip function, functions that have not completely been explored with mammalian Yip family members. This review and analysis will clarify the different Yip family nomenclature that have encumbered prior comparisons between yeast, plants, and eukaryotic family members, to provide a more complete understanding of their interacting proteins, membrane topology, organelle localization, and role as regulators of cargo trafficking and localization. In addition, the biological role of membrane shaping and sensing hairpin and amphipathic helical domains of various Yip proteins and their potential cellular functions will be described. Lastly, this review will discuss the concept of Yip proteins as members of a larger superfamily of membrane-shaping adapter proteins (MSAPs), proteins that both shape membranes via membrane-sensing and hairpin insertion, and well as act as adapters for protein-protein interactions. MSAPs are defined by their localization to specific membranes, ability to alter membrane structure, interactions with other proteins via specific domains, and specific interactions/effects on cargo proteins.
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11
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Lin CY, Achor D, Levy A. Intracellular Life Cycle of ' Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Inside Psyllid Gut Cells. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:145-153. [PMID: 34689612 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-07-21-0301-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas), the devastating pathogen related to Huanglongbing (HLB), is a phloem-limited, fastidious, insect-borne bacterium. Rapid spread of HLB disease relies on CLas-efficient propagation in the vector, the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri, in a circulative manner. Understanding the intracellular lifecycle of CLas in psyllid midgut, the major organ for CLas transmission, is fundamental to improving current management strategies. Using a microscopic approach within CLas-infected insect midgut, we observed the entry of CLas into gut cells inside vesicles, termed Liberibacter-containing vacuoles (LCVs), by endocytosis. Endocytosis is followed by the formation of endoplasmic reticulum-related and replication permissive vacuoles (rLCVs). Additionally, we observed the formation of double membrane autophagosome-like structure, termed autophagy-related vacuole (aLCV). Vesicles containing CLas egress from aLCV and fuse with the cell membrane. Immunolocalization studies showed that CLas uses endocytosis- and exocytosis-like mechanisms that mediates bacterial invasion and egress. Upregulation of autophagy-related genes indicated subversion of host autophagy by CLas in psyllid vector to promote infection. These results indicate that CLas interacts with host cellular machineries to undergo a multistage intracellular cycle through endocytic, secretory, autophagic, and exocytic pathways via complex machineries. Potential tactics for HLB control can be made depending on further investigations on the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of CLas intracellular cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Lin
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Diann Achor
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
| | - Amit Levy
- Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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Attwood MM, Schiöth HB. Characterization of Five Transmembrane Proteins: With Focus on the Tweety, Sideroflexin, and YIP1 Domain Families. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:708754. [PMID: 34350187 PMCID: PMC8327215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins are involved in many essential cell processes such as signal transduction, transport, and protein trafficking, and hence many are implicated in different disease pathways. Further, as the structure and function of proteins are correlated, investigating a group of proteins with the same tertiary structure, i.e., the same number of transmembrane regions, may give understanding about their functional roles and potential as therapeutic targets. This analysis investigates the previously unstudied group of proteins with five transmembrane-spanning regions (5TM). More than half of the 58 proteins identified with the 5TM architecture belong to 12 families with two or more members. Interestingly, more than half the proteins in the dataset function in localization activities through movement or tethering of cell components and more than one-third are involved in transport activities, particularly in the mitochondria. Surprisingly, no receptor activity was identified within this dataset in large contrast with other TM groups. The three major 5TM families, which comprise nearly 30% of the dataset, include the tweety family, the sideroflexin family and the Yip1 domain (YIPF) family. We also analyzed the evolutionary origin of these three families. The YIPF family appears to be the most ancient with presence in bacteria and archaea, while the tweety and sideroflexin families are first found in eukaryotes. We found no evidence of common decent for these three families. About 30% of the 5TM proteins have prominent expression in the brain, liver, or testis. Importantly, 60% of these proteins are identified as cancer prognostic markers, where they are associated with clinical outcomes of various tumor types. Nearly 10% of the 5TMs are still not fully characterized and further investigation of their functional activities and expression is warranted. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of proteins with the 5TM architecture, providing details of their unique characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misty M Attwood
- Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Functional Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Taguchi T, Mukai K, Takaya E, Shindo R. STING Operation at the ER/Golgi Interface. Front Immunol 2021; 12:646304. [PMID: 34012437 PMCID: PMC8126659 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA is present in the nucleus and mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. There are, however, certain instances in which DNA emerges in the cytosol. The two major sources of cytosolic DNA are self DNA that is leaked out from the nucleus or mitochondria, and non-self DNA from DNA viruses. The cytosolic DNA triggers the host immune response. Recent studies have identified two key molecules, cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in this immune response. STING is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein. After STING binding to cGAMP, STING exits the ER and translocates to the Golgi, where STING triggers the type I interferon- and proinflammatory responses through the activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). STING also activates other cellular responses including cell senescence, autophagy, and cell death. In this review, we focus on emerging issues regarding the regulation of STING by membrane traffic, with a particular focus on the retrograde membrane traffic from the Golgi to the ER. The retrograde membrane traffic is recently shown by us and others to be critical for silencing the STING signaling pathway and the defect in this traffic underlies the pathogenesis of the COPA syndrome, a monogenic autoinflammatory disease caused by missense mutations of coatomer protein complex subunit α (COP-α).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Taguchi
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.,AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kojiro Mukai
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Eiko Takaya
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ruri Shindo
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Tang BL. Defects in early secretory pathway transport machinery components and neurodevelopmental disorders. Rev Neurosci 2021; 32:851-869. [PMID: 33781010 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The early secretory pathway, provisionally comprising of vesicular traffic between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus, occurs constitutively in mammalian cells. Critical for a constant supply of secretory and plasma membrane (PM) materials, the pathway is presumably essential for general cellular function and survival. Neurons exhibit a high intensity in membrane dynamics and protein/lipid trafficking, with differential and polarized trafficking towards the somatodendritic and axonal PM domains. Mutations in genes encoding early secretory pathway membrane trafficking machinery components are known to result in neurodevelopmental or neurological disorders with disease manifestation in early life. Here, such rare disorders associated with autosomal recessive mutations in coat proteins, membrane tethering complexes and membrane fusion machineries responsible for trafficking in the early secretory pathway are summarily discussed. These mutations affected genes encoding subunits of coat protein complex I and II, subunits of transport protein particle (TRAPP) complexes, members of the YIP1 domain family (YIPF) and a SNAP receptor (SNARE) family member. Why the ubiquitously present and constitutively acting early secretory pathway machinery components could specifically affect neurodevelopment is addressed, with the plausible underlying disease etiologies and neuropathological mechanisms resulting from these mutations explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor Luen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore117597, Singapore
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Pollin TI, Taylor SI. YIPF5 mutations cause neonatal diabetes and microcephaly: progress for precision medicine and mechanistic understanding. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:6228-6231. [PMID: 33164987 DOI: 10.1172/jci142364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying genes that result in monogenic diabetes can provide insights that can build a scientific foundation for precision medicine. At present, nearly 20% of neonatal diabetes cases have unknown causes. In this issue of the JCI, De Franco and Lytrivi et al. sequenced the genome of two probands with a rare neonatal diabetes subtype that also associated with microcephaly and epilepsy. The authors revealed mutations in the YIPF5 gene. YIPF5 resides in the Golgi apparatus and is thought to play a critical role in vesicular trafficking. Notably, disrupting YIPF5 in β cell-based models induced ER stress signaling and resulted in the accumulation of intracellular proinsulin. We believe that utilizing registries and biobanks to reveal other monogenic atypical forms of diabetes is an important approach to gaining insight and suggest that an insulin sensitizer may alleviate ER stress associated with YIPF5 disruption by decreasing the demand for insulin secretion.
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