1
|
Rasouli M, Safari F, Sobhani N, Alavi M, Roudi R. Regulation of Cellular-Signaling Pathways by Mammalian Proteins Containing Bacterial EPIYA or EPIYA-Like Motifs Predicted to be Phosphorylated. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:74-84. [PMID: 38153368 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effector proteins of several pathogenic bacteria contain the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motif or other similar motifs. The EPIYA motif is delivered into the host cells by type III and IV secretion systems, through which its tyrosine residue undergoes phosphorylation by host kinases. These motifs atypically interact with a wide range of Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing mammalian proteins through tyrosine phosphorylation, which leads to the perturbation of multiple signaling cascades, the spread of infection, and improved bacterial colonization. Interestingly, it has been reported that EPIYA (or EPIYA-like) motifs exist in mammalian proteomes and regulate mammalian cellular-signaling pathways, leading to homeostasis and disease pathophysiology. It is possible that pathogenic bacteria have exploited EPIYA (or EPIYA-like) motifs from mammalian proteins and that the mammalian EPIYA (or EPIYA-like) motifs have evolved to have highly specific interactions with SH2 domain-containing proteins. In this review, we focus on the regulation of mammalian cellular-signaling pathways by mammalian proteins containing these motifs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rasouli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Navid Sobhani
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mana Alavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xia T, Ye F, Zhao W, Min P, Qi C, Wang Q, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Du J. Comprehensive Analysis of MICALL2 Reveals Its Potential Roles in EGFR Stabilization and Ovarian Cancer Cell Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:518. [PMID: 38203692 PMCID: PMC10778810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecules interacting with CasL (MICALs) are critical mediators of cell motility that act by cytoskeleton rearrangement. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of cancer cell invasion remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of one member of MICALs, i.e., MICALL2, in the invasion and function of ovarian cancer cells. We showed by bioinformatics analysis that MICALL2 expression was significantly higher in tissues of advanced-stage ovarian cancer and associated with poor overall survival of patients. MICALL2 was strongly correlated with the infiltration of multiple types of immune cells and T-cell exhaustion markers. Moreover, enrichment analyses showed that MICALL2 was involved in the tumor-related matrix degradation pathway. Mechanistically, MMP9 was identified as the target gene of MICALL2 for the regulation of invadopodium formation and SKOV3, HO-8910PM cell invasion. In addition, EGFR-AKT-mTOR signaling was identified as the downstream pathway of MICALL2 in the regulation of MMP9 expression. Furthermore, MICALL2 silencing promoted EGFR degradation; however, this effect was abrogated by treatment with the autophagy inhibitors acadesine and chloroquine diphosphate. Silencing of MICALL2 resulted in a suppressive activity of Rac1 while suppressing Rac1 activation attenuated the pro-EGFR, pro-MMP9, and proinvasive effects induced by the overexpression of MICALL2. Collectively, our results indicated that MICALL2 participated in the process of immune infiltration and invasion by ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, MICALL2 prevented EGFR degradation in a Rac1-dependent manner, consequently leading to EGFR-AKT-mTOR-MMP9 signaling activation and invadopodia-mediated matrix degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jun Du
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (T.X.); (F.Y.); (W.Z.); (P.M.); (C.Q.); (Q.W.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Y, Zhao W, Wang Y, Du J. Prognostic impact of MICALL1 and associates with immune infiltration in liver hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Cancer Biomark 2023:CBM220370. [PMID: 37248888 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is one of the most malignancy over the world. Previous studies have proven that Molecules Interacting with CasL-Like 1 (MICALL1) participated in cellular trafficking cascades, while there has no study to explore the function and carcinogenic mechanism MICALL1 in LIHC. METHODS We aimed to investigate the relationship between MICALL1 mRNA expression and LIHC using TCGA database. The expression of MICALL1 protein in clinic samples were examined by UALCAN database. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Logistic regression and Cox regression were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of MICALL1. The MICALL1-binding protein were built by the STRING tool. Enrichment analysis by GO, KEGG and GSEA was used to explore possible function of MICALL1. The ssGSEA method was used to investigate the association between MICALL1 expression and the immune infiltration level in LIHC. RESULTS The expression and prognostic value of different MICAL family members in LIHC were evaluated. The expression of MICALL1 was significantly increased at both the transcript and protein levels in LIHC tissues. Further, the LIHC patients with high MICALL1 levels showed a worse OS, DSS and PFI. Some clinicopathologic features were identified to be related to MICALL1 expression in LIHC included clinical T stage, pathologic stage, histologic grade and AFP concentration. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis showed that MICALL1 was an independent prognostic marker for OS and DSS. Further enrichment analysis revealed that the K-RAS, TNFα/NF-κB and inflammatory response were significantly enriched in the high MICALL1 expression group. Immune infiltration analysis showed that high MICALL1 expression was correlated with infiltration level of macrophage cells, Th2 cells and some other immune cell types, including TFH. CONCLUSIONS MICALL1 expression was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration and may regarded as a promising prognostic biomarker for LIHC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weizhen Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueyuan Wang
- The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zeng X, Wang H, Yang J, Hu J. Micall2 Is Responsible for the Malignancy of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Yonago Acta Med 2023; 66:171-179. [PMID: 36811029 PMCID: PMC9937966 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Background There lacks a sufficient research on the tumorigenesis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), causing that the prognosis of ccRCC was not effectively improved. Micall2 contributes to the malignancy of cancer. Moreover, Micall2 is considered a typical cell mobility-promoting factor. However, the relationship between Micall2 and ccRCC malignancy is unknown. Methods In this study, we first investigated the expression patterns of Micall2 in ccRCC tissues and cell lines. Next, we explored the in vitro and in vivo roles of Micall2 in ccRCC tumorigenesis based on ccRCC cell lines with different Micall2 expression and gene manipulation assays. Results Our study showed that ccRCC tissues and cell lines expressed higher level of Micall2 than paracancerous tissues and normal renal tubular epithelial cell, and Micall2 expression was overexpressed on cancerous tissue with significant metastasis and enlargement. Among three ccRCC cell lines, the expression of Micall2 was the highest in 786-O cells and the lowest in CAKI-1 cells. Moreover, 786-O cells showed the highest malignancy in vitro and in vivo (including proliferation, migration, invasion, reduced E-cadherin expression and tumorigenicity of nude mice in vivo), while CAKI-1 cells showed the contrary results. Furthermore, the upregulated Micall2 by Gene overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells while the downregulated Micall2 by Gene silencing showed the opposite effect. Conclusion Micall2, as a pro-tumorigenic gene marker of ccRCC, contributes the malignancy of ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyou Zeng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jian, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Fengdu people’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Fengdu people’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jian, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wen P, Wang H, Li Y, Sui X, Hou Z, Guo X, Xue W, Liu D, Wang Y, Gao J. MICALL2 as a substrate of ubiquitinase TRIM21 regulates tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:170. [DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00984-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Molecule interacting with CasL-like protein 2 (MICALL2) is believed to regulate cytoskeleton dynamics, tight junction formation, and neurite outgrowth. However, its biological role and the underlying mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain largely elusive.
Methods
qRT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays were used to detect the expression levels of different genes. Next, mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the interactions of proteins. Furthermore, MTT assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assays and xenograft tumor models were performed to demonstrate the functions of MICALL2 in CRC. In addition, transcriptome sequencing and Western blotting were conducted to verify the mechanism of MICALL2 in CRC.
Results
We found that both mRNA and protein levels of MICALL2 are up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues compared with non-tumor tissues and that its overexpression is closely correlated with poor prognosis. Ubiquitin E3 ligase Tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) mediated MICALL2 ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation, negatively correlated with MICALL2 levels, and reversely regulated the tumorigenic activity of MICALL2 in CRC. Functional studies confirmed that MICALL2 promoted colorectal cancer cell growth and migration via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Conclusions
As a substrate of ubiquitinase TRIM21, MICALL2 enhances the growth and migration of colorectal cancer cells and activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu M, Huang C, Dai R, Ren W, Li X, Wu X, Ma X, Chu M, Bao P, Guo X, Pei J, Xiong L, Yan P, Liang C. Copy Number Variations in the MICALL2 and MOGAT2 Genes Are Associated with Ashidan Yak Growth Traits. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202779. [PMID: 36290165 PMCID: PMC9597734 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) are a result of genomic rearrangement affecting DNA regions over 1 kb in length, and can include inversions, translocations, deletions, and duplications. The molecule interacting with CasL-like protein 2 (MICALL2) gene is primarily associated with mitochondrial protein targeting and exhibits predicted stress fiber colocalization. The monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (MOGAT2) gene encodes an enzyme responsible for catalyzing diacylglycerol synthesis from 2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acyl-CoA. For this study, blood samples were obtained from 315 yaks, and the body weight, body length, withers height, and chest girth of these animals were measured at 6, 12, 18, and 30 months of age. Genomic DNA was harvested from the collected blood samples, and CNVs in these samples were detected by qPCR. The resultant data were compared using ANOVAs, revealing significant associations between MICALL2 gene CNVs and body weight at 6 months of age (p < 0.05), body length and chest girth at 30 months of age (p < 0.05), and withers height at 18 months of age (p < 0.01) in Ashidan yaks. Similarly, MOGAT2 CNVs were significantly associated with body weight at 6 and 30 months of age (p < 0.05), and with withers height at 18 months of age (p < 0.01) in these Ashidan yaks. MICALL2 and MOGAT2 gene expression was further analyzed in yak tissue samples, revealing that MICALL2 was most highly expressed in the adipose tissue, whereas MOGAT2 was most highly expressed in the lung. These results thus confirmed the relationship between CNVs in the MICALL2 and MOGAT2 genes and Ashidan yak growth traits, providing a valuable gene locus that can be leveraged for future marker-assisted yak breeding efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Modian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Chun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Rongfeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wenwen Ren
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Min Chu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Pengjia Bao
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jie Pei
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang Y, Ye F, Xia T, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Du J. High MICAL-L2 expression and its role in the prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:487. [PMID: 35501725 PMCID: PMC9063352 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09614-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MICAL-like protein 2 (MICAL-L2), a member of the molecules interacting with CasL (MICAL) family of proteins, is strongly associated with the malignancy of multiple types of cancer. However, the role of MICAL-L2 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has not been well characterized. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the role of MICAL-L2 in COAD using datasets available from public databases. The mRNA and protein expression of MICAL-L2 was investigated using TCGA, UALCAN, and independent immunohistochemical assays. Overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) of COAD patients were assessed based on the MICAL-L2 expression level using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis was employed to determine whether MICAL-L2 could serve as an independent prognostic indicator of OS. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were further utilized to explore the possible cellular mechanism underlying the role of MICAL-L2 in COAD. In addition, the correlation between MICAL-L2 expression and immune cell infiltration levels was investigated via single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). RESULTS Data from TCGA, HPA, and UALCAN datasets indicated that MICAL-L2 expression was significantly higher in COAD tissue than in adjacent normal tissues, and this was confirmed by immunohistochemical assays. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with MICAL-L2 had shorter OS and DSS. Furthermore, multivariate Cox analysis indicated that MICAL-L2 was an independent risk factor for OS in COAD patients. ROC analysis confirmed the diagnostic value of MICAL-L2, and a prognostic nomogram involving age, M stage, and MICAL-L2 expression was constructed for OS. Functional enrichment analyses revealed that transport-related activity was closely associated with the role of MICAL-L2 in COAD. Regarding immune infiltration levels, MICAL-L2 was found to be positively associated with CD56bright NK cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that MICAL-L2 is a promising biomarker for determining prognosis and correlated with immune infiltration levels in COAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengwen Ye
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Tianxiang Xia
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| |
Collapse
|