1
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Liu ZY, Tang JM, Yang MQ, Yang ZH, Xia JZ. The role of LncRNA-mediated autophagy in cancer progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1348894. [PMID: 38933333 PMCID: PMC11199412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1348894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a sort of transcripts that are more than 200 nucleotides in length. In recent years, many studies have revealed the modulatory role of lncRNAs in cancer. Typically, lncRNAs are linked to a variety of essential events, such as apoptosis, cellular proliferation, and the invasion of malignant cells. Simultaneously, autophagy, an essential intracellular degradation mechanism in eukaryotic cells, is activated to respond to multiple stressful circumstances, for example, nutrient scarcity, accumulation of abnormal proteins, and organelle damage. Autophagy plays both suppressive and promoting roles in cancer. Increasingly, studies have unveiled how dysregulated lncRNAs expression can disrupt autophagic balance, thereby contributing to cancer progression. Consequently, exploring the interplay between lncRNAs and autophagy holds promising implications for clinical research. In this manuscript, we methodically compiled the advances in the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs and autophagy and briefly summarized the implications of the lncRNA-mediated autophagy axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-yuan Liu
- Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia-ming Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meng-qi Yang
- Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhi-hui Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia-zeng Xia
- Gastroenterological Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
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2
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Helal DS, Sabry N, Ali DA, AboElnasr SM, Abdel Ghafar MT, Sarhan ME, Sabry M, El-Guindy DM. MicroRNA Let-7a association with glycolysis-induced autophagy in locally advanced gastric cancer: Their role in prognosis and FLOT chemotherapy resistance. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154968. [PMID: 38008003 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) still poses a clinical challenge despite multimodality treatment due to multidrug resistance (MDR). Recently, research suggested that autophagy and metabolic regulation may be potential anticancer targets due to their crucial roles in MDR. Let-7a participates in glycolytic and autophagic regulations which are both essential for tumor progression and resistance to therapy. This study used IHC stains; GLUT4 and LC3B to evaluate glycolysis and autophagy respectively. Moreover, mRNA Let-7a was detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (q-PCR) in 53 cases of LAGC. Elevated glycolysis and autophagy in LAGC tissue specimens as indicated by high GLUT4 and LC3B expression were significantly associated with adverse prognostic factors such as high pathological grade, positive nodal metastasis, and advanced T stage. Lower Let-7a levels were significantly associated with high tumor grade and advanced T stage. A significant positive correlation between GLUT4 and LC3B expression was detected. Significant inverse correlations between let7a level and IHC expression of both GLUT4 and LC3B were found. Elevated glycolysis and autophagy were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS). Furthermore, low levels of let-7a were significantly associated with poor OS compared to high levels. Glycolysis and autophagy in LAGC were significantly associated with poor FLOT chemotherapy response. Let7a mRNA relative expression was significantly decreased in cases showing post therapy partial response and sustained disease. Multivariate analysis showed that histologic tumor type, high GLUT4 and high LC3B expression were independent factors associated with poor OS. Poor survival and post FLOT chemotherapy resistance in LAGC cases were significantly related to elevated glycolysis, elevated autophagy, and reduced Let-7a expression. Accordingly, combined therapeutic targeting of these pathways could enhance chemosensitivity in LAGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa S Helal
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Nesreen Sabry
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Dina A Ali
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Sahbaa M AboElnasr
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Mohab Sabry
- Cardiothoracic surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Dina M El-Guindy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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3
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Sun L, Wang X, Chen L, Gao Z, Xu S, Hu C, Fan G, Wang B, Feng T, Wang W, Ying X. CPT1A mediates chemoresistance in human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma via ATG16L1-dependent cellular autophagy. CELL INSIGHT 2023; 2:100127. [PMID: 37961047 PMCID: PMC10632670 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy that constitutes approximately 95% of all hypopharyngeal carcinomas, and it carries a poor prognosis. The primary factor influencing the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs for this type of carcinoma is chemoresistance. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) has been associated with tumor progression in various cancers, including breast, gastric, lung, and prostate cancer. The inhibition or depletion of CPT1A can lead to apoptosis, curbing cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. However, the role of CPT1A in HSCC is not yet fully understood. In this study, we discovered that CPT1A is highly expressed in HSCC and is associated with an advanced T-stage and a poor 5-year survival rate among patients. Furthermore, the overexpression of CPT1A contributes to HSCC chemoresistance. Mechanistically, CPT1A can interact with the autophagy-related protein ATG16L1 and stimulate the succinylation of ATG16L1, which in turn drives autophagosome formation and autophagy. We also found that treatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) can reduce cisplatin resistance in HSCC cells that overexpress CPT1A. Our findings also showed that a CPT1A inhibitor significantly enhances cisplatin sensitivity both in vitro and in vivo. This study is the first to suggest that CPT1A has a regulatory role in autophagy and is linked to poor prognosis in HSCC patients. It presents novel insights into the roles of CPT1A in tumorigenesis and proposes that CPT1A could be a potential therapeutic target for HSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhui Sun
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Lixiao Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Songhui Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Guangjian Fan
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Baoxin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Wang
- School of Cell and Gene Therapy,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Xinjiang Ying
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
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4
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Gupta J, Ahmed AT, Tayyib NA, Zabibah RS, Shomurodov Q, Kadheim MN, Alsaikhan F, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Samarghandian S. A state-of-art of underlying molecular mechanisms and pharmacological interventions/nanotherapeutics for cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115337. [PMID: 37659203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fourth common reason of death among patients is gastric cancer (GC) and it is a dominant tumor type in Ease Asia. One of the problems in GC therapy is chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum compound that causes DNA damage in reducing tumor progression and viability of cancer cells. However, due to hyperactivation of drug efflux pumps, dysregulation of genes and interactions in tumor microenvironment, tumor cells can develop resistance to CP chemotherapy. The current review focuses on the CP resistance emergence in GC cells with emphasizing on molecular pathways, pharmacological compounds for reversing chemoresistance and the role of nanostructures. Changes in cell death mechanisms such as upregulation of pro-survival autophagy can prevent CP-mediated apoptosis that results in drug resistance. Moreover, increase in metastasis via EMT induction induces CP resistance. Dysregulation of molecular pathways such as PTEN, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and others result in changes in CP response of GC cells. Non-coding RNAs determine CP response of GC cells and application of pharmacological compounds with activity distinct of CP can result in sensitivity in tumor cells. Due to efficacy of exosomes in transferring bioactive molecules such as RNA and DNA molecules among GC cells, exosomes can also result in CP resistance. One of the newest progresses in overcoming CP resistance in GC is application of nanoplatforms for delivery of CP in GC therapy that they can increase accumulation of CP at tumor site and by suppressing carcinogenic factors and overcoming biological barriers, they increase CP toxicity on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
| | | | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Qakhramon Shomurodov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Mostafai N Kadheim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad 10022 Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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5
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Shang Z, Luo Z, Wang Y, Liu Q, Xin Y, Zhang M, Li X, Zeng S, Yu L, Zhang X, Zhang Y. CircHIPK3 contributes to cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by blocking autophagy-dependent ferroptosis. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2407-2424. [PMID: 37566605 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC). However, its efficacy is dampened by the development of chemoresistance, which leads to poor prognosis in GC patients. Recently, evidence has revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) and dysregulation of autophagy-dependent ferroptosis play critical roles in cancer chemoresistance. Herein, for the first time we report that circHIPK3 has a vital role in GC cisplatin resistance. CircHIPK3 regulated cisplatin resistance by targeting autophagy and ferroptosis. In brief, knockdown circHIPK3 decreased GC cell cisplatin resistance by enhancing ferroptosis via the miR-508-3p/Bcl-2/beclin1/SLC7A11 axis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ferroptosis is a promising strategy to ameliorate cisplatin resistance. Importantly, serum exosomal circHIPK3 could also be a noninvasive indicator to evaluate cisplatin resistance in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengdong Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Yiwei Xin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Shunjie Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Longchen Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, China
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6
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Wang Z, Chen C, Ai J, Shu J, Ding Y, Wang W, Gao Y, Jia Y, Qin Y. Identifying mitophagy-related genes as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of gastric carcinoma by integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk-RNA sequencing data. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107227. [PMID: 37413850 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma (GC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Patients with advanced GC tend to have poor prognoses and shortened survival. Finding novel predictive biomarkers for GC prognosis is an urgent need. Mitophagy is the selection degradation of damaged mitochondria to maintain cellular homeostasis, which has been shown to play both pro- and anti-tumor effects. This study combined single-cell sequencing data and transcriptomics to screen mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) associated with GC progression and analyze their clinical values. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunochemistry (IHC) further verified gene expression profiles. A total of 18 DE-MRGs were identified after taking an intersection of single-cell sequencing data and MRGs. Cells with a higher MRG score were mainly distributed in the epithelial cell cluster. Cell-to-cell communications among epithelial cells with other cell types were significantly upregulated. We established and validated a reliable nomogram model based on DE-MRGs (GABARAPL2 and CDC37) and traditional clinicopathological parameters. GABARAPL2 and CDC37 displayed different immune infiltration states. Given the significant correlation between hub genes and immune checkpoints, targeting MRGs in GC may supplement more benefits to patients who received immunotherapy. In conclusion, GABARAPL2 and CDC37 may be prognostic biomarkers and candidate therapeutic targets of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaoyu Ai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiao Shu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaping Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongxu Jia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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7
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Lee JH, Park SA, Park IG, Yoon BK, Lee JS, Lee JM. Stem Cell Properties of Gastric Cancer Stem-Like Cells under Stress Conditions Are Regulated via the c-Fos/UCH-L3/β-Catenin Axis. Mol Cells 2023; 46:476-485. [PMID: 37460253 PMCID: PMC10440266 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer stem-like cells (GCSCs) possess stem cell properties, such as self-renewal and tumorigenicity, which are known to induce high chemoresistance and metastasis. These characteristics of GCSCs are further enhanced by autophagy, worsening the prognosis of patients. Currently, the mechanisms involved in the induction of stemness in GCSCs during autophagy remain unclear. In this study, we compared the cellular responses of GCSCs with those of gastric cancer intestinal cells (GCICs) whose stemness is not induced by autophagy. In response to glucose starvation, the levels of β-catenin and stemness-related genes were upregulated in GCSCs, while the levels of β-catenin declined in GCICs. The pattern of deubiquitinase ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L3 (UCH-L3) expression in GCSCs and GCICs was similar to that of β-catenin expression depending on glucose deprivation. We also observed that inhibition of UCH-L3 activity reduced β-catenin protein levels. The interaction between UCH-L3 and β-catenin proteins was confirmed, and it reduced the ubiquitination of β-catenin. Our results suggest that UCH-L3 induces the stabilization of β-catenin, which is required to promote stemness during autophagy activation. Also, UCH-L3 expression was regulated by c-Fos, and the levels of c-Fos increased in response to autophagy activation. In summary, our findings suggest that the inhibition of UCH-L3 during nutrient deprivation could suppress stress resistance of GCSCs and increase the survival rates of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeong Lee
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Il-Geun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jung-Shin Lee
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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8
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Targeting mitochondria as a potential therapeutic strategy against chemoresistance in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114398. [PMID: 36773523 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of mitochondria is not only limited to energy generation but also in several physical and chemical processes critical for cell survival. Mitochondria play an essential role in cellular apoptosis, calcium ion transport and cellular metabolism. Mutation in the nuclear and mitochondrial genes, altered oncogenes/tumor suppressor genes, and deregulated signalling for cell viability are major reasons for cancer progression and chemoresistance. The development of drug resistance in cancer patients is a major challenge in cancer treatment as the resistant cells are often more aggressive. The drug resistant cells of numerous cancer types exhibit the deregulation of mitochondrial function. The increased biogenesis of mitochondria and its dynamic alteration contribute to developing resistance. Further, a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells in the heterogeneous tumor is primarily responsible for chemoresistance and has an attribute of mitochondrial dysfunction. This review highlights the critical role of mitochondrial dysfunction in chemoresistance in cancer cells through the processes of apoptosis, autophagy/mitophagy, and cancer stemness. Mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategies might help reduce cancer progression and chemoresistance induced by various cancer drugs.
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9
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Esmaeili F, Shirzad M, Goodarzi G, Yousefi T, Maniati M, Taheri-Anganeh M, Anushiravani A. The critical role of circular RNAs in drug resistance in gastrointestinal cancers. Med Oncol 2023; 40:116. [PMID: 36917431 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, drug resistance (DR) in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as the main reason for cancer-related mortality worldwide, has become a serious problem in the management of patients. Several mechanisms have been proposed for resistance to anticancer drugs, including altered transport and metabolism of drugs, mutation of drug targets, altered DNA repair system, inhibited apoptosis and autophagy, cancer stem cells, tumor heterogeneity, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Compelling evidence has revealed that genetic and epigenetic factors are strongly linked to DR. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) interferences are the most crucial epigenetic alterations explored so far, and among these ncRNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the most emerging members known to have unique properties. Due to the absence of 5' and 3' ends in these novel RNAs, the two ends are covalently bonded together and are generated from pre-mRNA in a process known as back-splicing, which makes them more stable than other RNAs. As far as the unique structure and function of circRNAs is concerned, they are implicated in proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and DR. A clear understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for circRNAs-mediated DR in the GI cancers will open a new window to the management of GI cancers. Hence, in the present review, we will describe briefly the biogenesis, multiple features, and different biological functions of circRNAs. Then, we will summarize current mechanisms of DR, and finally, discuss molecular mechanisms through which circRNAs regulate DR development in esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- Department of English, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Amir Anushiravani
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Yu QY, Han Y, Lu JH, Sun YJ, Liao XH. NRP1 regulates autophagy and proliferation of gastric cancer through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:8613-8629. [PMID: 37702613 PMCID: PMC10522364 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer possesses high lethality rate, and its complex molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis lead to irrational treatment outcomes. Autophagy plays a dual role in cancer by both promoting and suppressing the cancer. However, the role of autophagy in gastric cancer is still vague. Therefore, in this study, we first obtained autophagy-related genes from the Human Autophagy Database, and then applied consensus clustering analysis to analyse the molecular subtypes of gastric cancer samples in the TCGA database. The genes obtained after subtyping were then applied to construct risk prognostic model. Following this, PCA and tSNE assessed risk scores with good discriminatory ability for gastric cancer samples. The results of Cox regression analysis and time-dependent ROC curve analysis indicated that the model had good risk prediction ability. Finally, NRP1 was selected as the final study subject in the context of expression pairwise analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves and external validation of the GEO dataset. In vitro experiments showed that NRP1 has the ability to regulate the proliferation and autophagy of gastric cancer cells by affecting the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Similarly, in vivo experiments have shown that NRP1 can affect tumour growth in vivo. We therefore propose that NRP1 can be used as both a prognostic factor and a therapeutic target through the regulation of autophagy in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ying Yu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yue Han
- Jinan People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, Jinan City People’s Hospital, Jinan 271199, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Hui Lu
- Beidahuang Group General Hospital, Heilongjiang Province Second Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150000, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jie Sun
- Jinan People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, Jinan City People’s Hospital, Jinan 271199, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Liao
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, P.R. China
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11
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Rojas A, Lindner C, Schneider I, González I, Morales MA. Contributions of the receptor for advanced glycation end products axis activation in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:997-1010. [PMID: 36844144 PMCID: PMC9950863 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Compelling shreds of evidence derived from both clinical and experimental research have demonstrated the crucial contribution of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) axis activation in the development of neoplasms, including gastric cancer (GC). This new actor in tumor biology plays an important role in the onset of a crucial and long-lasting inflammatory milieu, not only by supporting phenotypic changes favoring growth and dissemination of tumor cells, but also by functioning as a pattern-recognition receptor in the inflammatory response to Helicobacter pylori infection. In the present review, we aim to highlight how the overexpression and activation of the RAGE axis contributes to the proliferation and survival of GC cells as and their acquisition of more invasive phenotypes that promote dissemination and metastasis. Finally, the contribution of some single nucleotide polymorphisms in the RAGE gene as susceptibility or poor prognosis factors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Cristian Lindner
- Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Iván Schneider
- Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Ileana González
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca 34600000, Chile
| | - Miguel Angel Morales
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
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12
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Luo M, Deng X, Chen Z, Hu Y. Circular RNA circPOFUT1 enhances malignant phenotypes and autophagy-associated chemoresistance via sequestrating miR-488-3p to activate the PLAG1-ATG12 axis in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 36624091 PMCID: PMC9829716 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs are key regulators in regulating the progression and chemoresistance of gastric cancer (GC), suggesting circular RNAs as potential therapeutic targets for GC. The roles of a novel circular RNA circPOFUT1 in GC are unknown. Here, we found that circPOFUT1 was upregulated in GC tissues and cells, and increased circPOFUT1 expression indicated poor prognosis. Overexpression of circPOFUT1 enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and autophagy-associated chemoresistance in GC, which were suppressed by miR-488-3p overexpression. CircPOFUT1 reduced miR-488-3p expression via sponging miR-488-3p in GC cells. PLAG1 interacted with ATG12 and promoted its expression. MiR-488-3p bound to PLAG1 and suppressed the expression of PLAG1 and ATG12 in GC cells. Overexpression of circPOFUT1 enhanced autophagy-associated chemoresistance of GC cells in vivo, but it was inhibited by overexpression of miR-488-3p. Collectively, circPOFUT1 directly sponged miR-488-3p to activate the expression of PLAG1 and ATG12, thus enhancing malignant phenotypes and autophagy-associated chemoresistance in GC. Our findings show the potential of circPOFUT1 as biomarkers and targeting circPOFUT1 as a therapeutic strategy for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zonglin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongjun Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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13
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Wang L, Yuan X, Li Z, Zhi F. The Role of Macrophage Autophagy in Asthma: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:7529685. [PMID: 37181813 PMCID: PMC10175021 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7529685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease frequently associated with airway inflammation and remodeling. The development of asthma involves various inflammatory phenotypes that impact therapeutic effects, and macrophages are master innate immune cells in the airway that exert diverse functions including phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and pathogen clearance, playing an important role in the pathogeneses of asthma. Recent studies have indicated that autophagy of macrophages affects polarization of phenotype and regulation of inflammation, which implies that regulating autophagy of macrophages may be a potential strategy for the treatment of asthma. Thus, this review summarizes the signaling pathways and effects of macrophage autophagy in asthma, which will provide a tactic for the development of novel targets for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Zhuying Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Fumin Zhi
- Department of Medical, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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14
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Liang Z, Song J, Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Qian H. Hesperidin Reversed Long-Term N-methyl- N-nitro- N-Nitroguanidine Exposure Induced EMT and Cell Proliferation by Activating Autophagy in Gastric Tissues of Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245281. [PMID: 36558440 PMCID: PMC9781858 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor worldwide. N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroguanidine (MNNG) is one of the most important inducing factors of gastric cancer. Autophagy can affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, but the mechanism is not clear. Chemoprevention has been shown to be a rational and very promising approach to the prevention of gastric cancer. Hesperidin is a citrus flavone, an abundant polyphenol in citrus fruits and traditional Chinese medicine. It has an excellent phytochemistry that plays an intervention role in gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether long-term exposure to MNNG will affect the occurrence of gastric cancer by regulating autophagy and whether hesperidin can play an intervention role in this process. In the present study, we demonstrated that long-term MNNG exposure inhibits autophagy in stomach tissues of rats, promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cell proliferation and suppresses the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway. We further found that after rapamycin-activated autophagy, long-term MNNG exposure promoted cell proliferation and EMT were inhibited. In addition, hesperidin promotes autophagy and the activity of the PI3K/AKT pathway, as well as the suppression of proliferation and EMT in the stomach tissues of rats. Our findings indicate that hesperidin reverses MNNG-induced gastric cancer by activating autophagy and the PI3K/AKT pathway, which may provide a new basis for the early prevention and treatment of MNNG-induced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Liang
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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15
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Martelli A, Omrani M, Zarghooni M, Citi V, Brogi S, Calderone V, Sureda A, Lorzadeh S, da Silva Rosa SC, Grabarek BO, Staszkiewicz R, Los MJ, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Mehrbod P, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5839. [PMID: 36497321 PMCID: PMC9738256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) has been a highly conserved process throughout evolution and allows cells to degrade aggregated/misfolded proteins, dysfunctional or superfluous organelles and damaged macromolecules, in order to recycle them for biosynthetic and/or energetic purposes to preserve cellular homeostasis and health. Changes in autophagy are indeed correlated with several pathological disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Conversely, autophagy controls both apoptosis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cells. Therefore, any changes in the autophagy pathway will affect both the UPR and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that several natural products can modulate (induce or inhibit) the autophagy pathway. Natural products may target different regulatory components of the autophagy pathway, including specific kinases or phosphatases. In this review, we evaluated ~100 natural compounds and plant species and their impact on different types of cancers via the autophagy pathway. We also discuss the impact of these compounds on the UPR and apoptosis via the autophagy pathway. A multitude of preclinical findings have shown the function of botanicals in regulating cell autophagy and its potential impact on cancer therapy; however, the number of related clinical trials to date remains low. In this regard, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to better clarify the utility of natural compounds and their modulatory effects on autophagy, as fine-tuning of autophagy could be translated into therapeutic applications for several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzieh Omrani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumna, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition, Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Simone C. da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Beniamin Oscar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- GynCentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851 Katowice, Poland
| | - Rafał Staszkiewicz
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Krakow, 30-901 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek J. Los
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Nutringredientes Research Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFCE), Baturite 62760-000, Brazil
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Advanced Medical Pharma (AMP-Biotec), Biopharmaceutical Innovation Centre, Via Cortenocera, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, Italy
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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16
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Wang Z, Liu J, Xie J, Yuan X, Wang B, Shen W, Zhang Y. Regulation of autophagy by non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:947332. [PMID: 36353541 PMCID: PMC9637602 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.947332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved cellular self-digesting process that degrades obsoleting proteins and cellular components and plays a crucial role in the tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance of various tumors such as gastric cancer (GC). As a hotspot in molecular biology, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of multiple biological processes, such as autophagy. Increasing evidence indicate that various ncRNAs exert double roles in the initiation and progression of GC, either serve as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Recent studies have shown that some ncRNAs could modulate autophagy activity in GC cells, which would affect the malignant transformation and drug resistance. Whether the function of ncRNAs in GC is dependent on autophagy is undefined. Therefore, identifying the underlying moleculr targets of ncRNAs in autophagy pathways and the role of ncRNA-regulated autophagy in GC could develop new treatment interventions for this disease. This review summarizes the autophagy process and its role in GC, and the regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs, as well as focuses on the dual role of ncRNAs-mediated autophagy in GC, for the development of potential therapeutic strategies in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- Graduate College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingri Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Graduate College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Graduate College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjuan Shen
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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17
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Zhou X, Lin J, Wang F, Chen X, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Jin X. Circular RNA-regulated autophagy is involved in cancer progression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:961983. [PMID: 36187468 PMCID: PMC9515439 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.961983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a sort of long, non-coding RNA molecules with a covalently closed continuous ring structure without 5'-3' polarity and poly-A tail. The modulative role of circRNAs in malignant diseases has been elucidated by many studies in recent years via bioinformatics and high-throughput sequencing technologies. Generally, circRNA affects the proliferative, invasive, and migrative capacity of malignant cells via various mechanisms, exhibiting great potential as novel biomarkers in the diagnoses or treatments of malignancies. Meanwhile, autophagy preserves cellular homeostasis, serving as a vital molecular process in tumor progression. Mounting studies have demonstrated that autophagy can not only contribute to cancer cell survival but can also induce autophagic cell death in specific conditions. A growing number of research studies have indicated that there existed abundant associations between circRNAs and autophagy. Herein, we systemically reviewed and discussed recent studies on this topic in different malignancies and concluded that the circRNA–autophagy axis played crucial roles in the proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and drug or radiation resistance of different tumor cells.
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18
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Ghavami S, Zamani M, Ahmadi M, Erfani M, Dastghaib S, Darbandi M, Darbandi S, Vakili O, Siri M, Grabarek BO, Boroń D, Zarghooni M, Wiechec E, Mokarram P. Epigenetic regulation of autophagy in gastrointestinal cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166512. [PMID: 35931405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel therapeutic approaches is necessary to manage gastrointestinal cancers (GICs). Considering the effective molecular mechanisms involved in tumor growth, the therapeutic response is pivotal in this process. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that acts as a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis and tumor inhibition in a context-dependent manner. Depending on the stage of malignancy and cellular origin of the tumor, autophagy might result in cancer cell survival or death during the GICs' progression. Moreover, autophagy can prevent the progression of GIC in the early stages but leads to chemoresistance in advanced stages. Therefore, targeting specific arms of autophagy could be a promising strategy in the prevention of chemoresistance and treatment of GIC. It has been revealed that autophagy is a cytoplasmic event that is subject to transcriptional and epigenetic regulation inside the nucleus. The effect of epigenetic regulation (including DNA methylation, histone modification, and expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cellular fate is still not completely understood. Recent findings have indicated that epigenetic alterations can modify several genes and modulators, eventually leading to inhibition or promotion of autophagy in different cancer stages, and mediating chemoresistance or chemosensitivity. The current review focuses on the links between autophagy and epigenetics in GICs and discusses: 1) How autophagy and epigenetics are linked in GICs, by considering different epigenetic mechanisms; 2) how epigenetics may be involved in the alteration of cancer-related phenotypes, including cell proliferation, invasion, and migration; and 3) how epidrugs modulate autophagy in GICs to overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Mozhdeh Zamani
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mehran Erfani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Darbandi
- Fetal Health Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran; Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Darbandi
- Fetal Health Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran; Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Hope Generation Foundation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Morvarid Siri
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Beniamin Oskar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology, and Embryology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Zabrze, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boroń
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology, and Embryology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Zabrze, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumni, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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19
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Lu L, Liang Q, Zhang X, Xu Y, Meng D, Liang Z. Autophagy Related Noncoding RNAs: Emerging Regulatory Factors of Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:2215-2224. [PMID: 35898946 PMCID: PMC9309173 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s364761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant cancers that seriously affect human health. Autophagy is a highly conserved self-defense mechanism found to plays an important role in the occurrence, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis of GC. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases including GC. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to research on autophagy-related ncRNAs, such as miRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA in GC. Herein, we briefly summarize the roles, functions, and the research progress of autophagy and autophagy-related ncRNAs in GC with a focus on the potential application in GC tumorigenesis, development, prognosis, and drug resistance. We also discussed prospects of clinical application, future research direction, and challenges in future research of autophagy-related ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lu
- Child Healthcare Department, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyan Liang
- Health Care Department, People's Liberation Army Navy No. 971 Hospital, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehua Meng
- Department of Allergy, Dongtai People's Hospital, Yancheng, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Liang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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20
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Cui MY, Yi X, Zhu DX, Wu J. The Role of Lipid Metabolism in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916661. [PMID: 35785165 PMCID: PMC9240397 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has been one of the most common cancers worldwide with extensive metastasis and high mortality. Chemotherapy has been found as a main treatment for metastatic gastric cancer, whereas drug resistance limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy and leads to treatment failure. Chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer has a complex and multifactorial mechanism, among which lipid metabolism plays a vital role. Increased synthesis of new lipids or uptake of exogenous lipids can facilitate the rapid growth of cancer cells and tumor formation. Lipids form the structural basis of biofilms while serving as signal molecules and energy sources. It is noteworthy that lipid metabolism is capable of inducing drug resistance in gastric cancer cells by reshaping the tumor micro-environment. In this study, new mechanisms of lipid metabolism in gastric cancer and the metabolic pathways correlated with chemotherapy resistance are reviewed. In particular, we discuss the effects of lipid metabolism on autophagy, biomarkers treatment and drug resistance in gastric cancer from the perspective of lipid metabolism. In brief, new insights can be gained into the development of promising therapies through an in-depth investigation of the mechanism of lipid metabolism reprogramming and resensitization to chemotherapy in gastric cancer cells, and scientific treatment can be provided by applying lipid-key enzyme inhibitors as cancer chemical sensitizers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jun Wu
- *Correspondence: Jun Wu, ; Dan-Xia Zhu,
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21
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Xu JL, Yuan L, Hu C, Weng CY, Xu HD, Shi YF, Huang L, Ying JE, Xu ZY, Qin JJ, Cheng XD. Trametes robiniophila Murr Sensitizes Gastric Cancer Cells to 5-Fluorouracil by Modulating Tumor Microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:911663. [PMID: 35656301 PMCID: PMC9152117 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.911663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trametes robiniophila Murr (TRM) is a traditional Chinese medicine which has been used in clinics for enhancing immunity and improving the efficacy of chemotherapy. However, the mechanisms of action of TRM are unknown. In the previous study, we found that the Trametes robiniophila Murr n-butanol extract (TRMBE) comprises the major bioactive components of TRM. In the present study, we aimed to assess the combinational effects of TRMBE and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the treatment of gastric cancer (GC) and explore its mechanism of action. It was found that TRMBE significantly potentiated the anticancer activity of 5-FU and prolonged the survival time of mice bearing Mouse Forestomach Carcinoma (MFC) xenograft tumors. We observed that the combination of TRMBE and 5-FU decreased the risk of liver metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, the combination of TRMBE and 5-FU reduced the levels of immune cytokines IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β and increased the level of IFN-γ in peripheral blood. This combination therapy also significantly decreased the levels of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) and PD-1-positive CD8+ T cells and increased the levels of NK cells in tumor microenvironment (TME). However, TRMBE treatment was unable to enhance the chemosensitivity of GC to 5-FU in vivo after the depletion of CD8+ T and NK cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TRMBE can reshape the TME of GC by regulating PMN-MDSCs, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells, therefore improving the therapeutic effects of 5-FU. This study suggests that the combination of TRMBE and 5-FU could enhance immunity and could be a promising approach for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Li Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Can Hu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yan Weng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han-Dong Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Fu Shi
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Huang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Er Ying
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Zhang M, Yu X, Zhang Q, Sun Z, He Y, Guo W. MIR4435-2HG: A newly proposed lncRNA in human cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112971. [PMID: 35447550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the occurrence and progression of tumors. Extensive research has contributed to the current understanding of the critical roles played by lncRNAs in various cancers. LncRNA MIR4435-2HG has been found to be crucial in many cancers, such as breast, cervical, colorectal, and gastric cancer. Expression of MIR4435-2HG is generally upregulated in cancers and MIR4435-2HG participates in many biological functions through molecular mechanism of competitive endogenous RNA networks. This review profiles recent research findings on the expression, functions, mechanism, and clinical value of MIR4435-2HG in cancer, and serves as a reference for further MIR4435-2HG-related research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menggang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zongzong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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23
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Novel Effects of Statins on Cancer via Autophagy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060648. [PMID: 35745567 PMCID: PMC9228383 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally. Most of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer are marked by complex aberrations that activate the critical cell-signaling pathways that play a pivotal role in cell metabolism, tumor development, cytoskeletal reorganization, and metastasis. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway is one of the main signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Autophagy, a cellular pathway that delivers cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for degradation, plays a dual role in cancer, as either a tumor promoter or a tumor suppressor, depending on the stage of the carcinogenesis. Statins are the group of drugs of choice to lower the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood. Experimental and clinical data suggest the potential of statins in the treatment of cancer. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the molecular mechanisms through which statins inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells in different types of cancer. The anticancer properties of statins have been shown to result in the suppression of tumor growth, the induction of apoptosis, and autophagy. This literature review shows the dual role of the autophagic process in cancer and the latest scientific evidence related to the inducing effect exerted by statins on autophagy, which could explain their anticancer potential.
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24
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Shahverdi M, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Sorkhabi AD, Jafarlou M, Shojaee M, Jalili Tabrizi N, Alizadeh N, Santarpia M, Brunetti O, Safarpour H, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. The regulatory role of autophagy-related miRNAs in lung cancer drug resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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25
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Wang W, Pei Q, Wang L, Mu T, Feng H. Construction of a Prognostic Signature of 10 Autophagy-Related lncRNAs in Gastric Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3699-3710. [PMID: 35411177 PMCID: PMC8994655 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s348943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autophagy plays a double-edged sword role in cancers. LncRNAs could regulate cancer initiation and development at various levels. However, the role of autophagy-related lncRNAs (ARlncs) in gastric cancer (GC) remains indistinct. Methods GC gene expression profile and clinical data were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The prognostic signature composed of ARlncs was established via cox regression analysis. Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival curve was adopted to show overall survival (OS). Independence and reliability of risk signature were visualized by cox regression analysis and ROC curve. A nomogram was constructed and the reliability was analyzed by ROC curve. Immune infiltrating cells and check points were also analyzed. Results A prognostic signature was constructed which stratified GC patients into high- and low-risk groups according to risk score calculated via the 10 ARlncs including LINC01094, AC068790.7, AC090772.1, AC005165.1, PVT1, LINC00106, AC026368.1, AC090912.3, AC013652.1, UICLM. Patients in high-risk group showed a poor prognosis (p<0.001). Cox regression analysis showed signature was an independent prognostic factor (p<0.001). Areas under curves (AUC) of ROC for risk signature for predicting OS outweighed age, gender, grade, T, M and N, which suggested the reliability of the signature. A nomogram was constructed with risk signature, T, M, N and age and its AUC of ROC for 1-, 3-, and 5-year was 0.700, 0.730, 0.757 respectively, which showed good reliability. Macrophage M2, T cell CD8+ and T cell CD4+ memory resting had greatest difference between the two risk groups according to CIBERSORE-ABS algorithm (p<0.001). CD274 (PD-L1), PDCD1 (PD-1) and PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2) were expressed higher in the high-risk group (p<0.05), which implied that immunotherapy may be a good choice for these patients. Conclusion The risk signature based on 10 ARlncs can serve as an efficacious prognostic predictor and guide the immunotherapies and precise treatment for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Liver Diseases Prevention and Control, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Pei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hua Feng, Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jing 5 Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 531-68773293, Fax +86 531-87906348, Email
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26
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Rahman MA, Ahmed KR, Rahman MDH, Park MN, Kim B. Potential Therapeutic Action of Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Managements: Novel Treatment Strategies and Pharmacological Interventions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:813703. [PMID: 35153766 PMCID: PMC8834883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.813703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), second most leading cause of cancer-associated mortality globally, is the cancer of gastrointestinal tract in which malignant cells form in lining of the stomach, resulting in indigestion, pain, and stomach discomfort. Autophagy is an intracellular system in which misfolded, aggregated, and damaged proteins, as well as organelles, are degraded by the lysosomal pathway, and avoiding abnormal accumulation of huge quantities of harmful cellular constituents. However, the exact molecular mechanism of autophagy-mediated GC management has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we emphasized the role of autophagy in the modulation and development of GC transformation in addition to underlying the molecular mechanisms of autophagy-mediated regulation of GC. Accumulating evidences have revealed that targeting autophagy by small molecule activators or inhibitors has become one of the greatest auspicious approaches for GC managements. Particularly, it has been verified that phytochemicals play an important role in treatment as well as prevention of GC. However, use of combination therapies of autophagy modulators in order to overcome the drug resistance through GC treatment will provide novel opportunities to develop promising GC therapeutic approaches. In addition, investigations of the pathophysiological mechanism of GC with potential challenges are urgently needed, as well as limitations of the modulation of autophagy-mediated therapeutic strategies. Therefore, in this review, we would like to deliver an existing standard molecular treatment strategy focusing on the relationship between chemotherapeutic drugs and autophagy, which will help to improve the current treatments of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Global Biotechnology and Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Rejvee Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - MD. Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Global Biotechnology and Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Bangladesh
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Koustas E, Trifylli EM, Sarantis P, Kontolatis NI, Damaskos C, Garmpis N, Vallilas C, Garmpi A, Papavassiliou AG, Karamouzis MV. The Implication of Autophagy in Gastric Cancer Progression. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121304. [PMID: 34947835 PMCID: PMC8705750 DOI: 10.3390/life11121304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The three entirely variable entities have distinct epidemiology, molecular characteristics, prognosis, and strategies for clinical management. However, many gastric tumors appear to be resistant to current chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, a significant number of gastric cancer patients, with a lack of optimal treatment strategies, have reduced survival. In recent years, multiple research data have highlighted the importance of autophagy, an essential catabolic process of cytoplasmic component digestion, in cancer. The role of autophagy as a tumor suppressor or tumor promoter mechanism remains controversial. The multistep nature of the autophagy process offers a wide array of targetable points for designing novel chemotherapeutic strategies. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the interplay between gastric cancer development and the autophagy process and decipher the role of autophagy in this kind of cancer. A plethora of different agents that direct or indirect target autophagy may be a novel therapeutic approach for gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Koustas
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eleni-Myrto Trifylli
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Nikolaos I. Kontolatis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Christos Damaskos
- Renal Transplantation Unit, ‘Laiko’ General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- ‘N.S. Christeas’ Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Garmpis
- ‘N.S. Christeas’ Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, ‘Laiko’ General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Vallilas
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Anna Garmpi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
| | - Michalis V. Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (P.S.); (N.I.K.); (C.V.); (A.G.P.); (M.V.K.)
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28
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Lin Z, Ni L, Teng C, Zhang Z, Wu L, Jin Y, Lu X, Lin Z. Eicosapentaenoic Acid-Induced Autophagy Attenuates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Suppressing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Extracellular Matrix Degradation, and Apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:745621. [PMID: 34805156 PMCID: PMC8599281 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.745621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of low back pain (LBP), but there is still a lack of effective therapy. Multiple studies have reported that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation exert an enormous function on the occurrence and development of IDD. Autophagy can effectively repair ER stress and maintain ECM homeostasis. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can specifically induce autophagy. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that EPA can promote autophagy, reduce ECM degradation and ER stress in vitro, thereby reducing cell apoptosis, and the protective effects of EPA in an IDD-rat model in vivo. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the autophagic flux, ER stress, ECM degradation, and apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) treated by EPA. We also used puncture-induced IDD rats as experimental subjects to observe the therapeutic effect of EPA on IDD. Our findings indicated that EPA can effectively improve the autophagy activity in NPCs, inhibit the endoplasmic reticulum stress process, reduce the degree of cell apoptosis, and exert protective effects on the anabolism and catabolism of ECM. In addition, in vivo investigations demonstrated that EPA ameliorated the progression of puncture-induced IDD in rats. In conclusion, this study revealed the intrinsic mechanisms of EPA's protective role in NPCs and its potential therapeutic significance for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libin Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cheng Teng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Xinlei Lu
- The School of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongke Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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29
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Gui Z, Zhao Z, Sun Q, Shao G, Huang J, Zhao W, Kuang Y. LncRNA FEZF1-AS1 Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cells via Upregulating ATG5. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749129. [PMID: 34790665 PMCID: PMC8591218 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in human cancers including gastric cancer (GC). Dysregulation of lncRNAs is involved in a variety of pathological activities associated with gastric cancer progression and chemo-resistance. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of FEZF1-AS1 in chemoresistance of GC remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of FEZF1-AS1 in chemoresistance of GC. The level of FEZF1-AS1 in GC tissues and GC cell lines was assessed by qRT-PCR. Our results showed that the expression of FEZF1-AS1 was higher in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. Multivariate analysis identified that high level of FEZF1-AS1 is an independent predictor for poor overall survival. Increased FEZF1-AS1 expression promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Additionally, FEZF1-AS1 was upregulated in chemo-resistant GC tissues. The regulatory effect of FEZF1-AS1 on multi-drug resistance (MDR) in GC cells and the underlying mechanism was investigated. It was found that increased FEZF1-AS1 expression promoted chemo-resistance of GC cells. Molecular interactions were determined by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and the results showed that FEZF1-AS1 regulated chemo-resistance of GC cells through modulating autophagy by directly targeting ATG5. The proliferation and autophagy of GC cells promoted by overexpression of LncFEZF1-AS1 was suppressed when ATG5 was knocked down. Moreover, knockdown of FEZF1-AS1 inhibited tumor growth and increased 5-FU sensitivity in GC cells in vivo. Taken together, this study revealed that the FEZF1-AS1/ATG5 axis regulates MDR of GC cells via modulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifu Gui
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of General Surgery, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guoyi Shao
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianming Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yuting Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Mucin 1 as a Molecular Target of a Novel Diisoquinoline Derivative Combined with Anti-MUC1 Antibody in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216504. [PMID: 34770912 PMCID: PMC8588261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to examine the molecular mechanism of the anticancer action of a monoclonal antibody against MUC1 and a diisoquinoline derivative (OM-86II) in human gastric cancer cells. METHODS The cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. The disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and activity of caspase-8 and caspase-9 was performed by flow cytometry. Fluorescent microscopy was used to confirm the proapoptotic effect of compounds. LC3A, LC3B and Beclin-1 concentrations were analyzed to check the influence of the compounds on induction of autophagy. ELISA assessments were performed to measure the concentration of mTOR, sICAM1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and pro-apoptotic Bax. RESULTS The anti-MUC1 antibody with the diisoquinoline derivative (OM-86II) significantly reduced gastric cancer cells' viability. This was accompanied by an increase in caspase-8 and caspase-9 activity as well as high concentrations of pro-apoptotic Bax. We also proved that the anti-MUC1 antibody with OM-86II decreased the concentrations of MMP-9, sICAM1 and mTOR in gastric cancer cells. After 48 h of incubation with such a combination, we observed higher levels of the crucial component of autophagosomes (LC3) and Beclin-1. CONCLUSIONS Our study proved that the anti-MUC1 antibody sensitizes human gastric cancer cells to the novel diisoquinoline derivative (OM-86II) via induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of selected proteins such as mTOR, sICAM1 and MMP-9.
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Zhang SX, Liu W, Ai B, Sun LL, Chen ZS, Lin LZ. Current Advances and Outlook in Gastric Cancer Chemoresistance: A Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:26-41. [PMID: 34587888 DOI: 10.2174/1574892816666210929165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection of the lesion is the standard primary treatment of gastric cancer. Unfortunately, most patients are already in the advanced stage of the disease when they are diagnosed with gastric cancer. Alternative therapies, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, can achieve only very limited benefits. The emergence of cancer drug resistance has always been the major obstacle to the cure of tumors. The main goal of modern cancer pharmacology is to determine the underlying mechanism of anticancer drugs. OBJECTIVE Here, we mainly review the latest research results related to the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer, the application of natural products in overcoming the chemotherapy resistance of gastric cancer, and the new strategies currently being developed to treat tumors based on immunotherapy and gene therapy. CONCLUSION The emergence of cancer drug resistance is the main obstacle in achieving alleviation and final cure for gastric cancer. Mixed therapies are considered to be a possible way to overcome chemoresistance. Natural products are the main resource for discovering new drugs specific for treating chemoresistance, and further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of natural product activity in patients. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Xiong Zhang
- Guangdong Province Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital, Guangzhou, 510440. China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006. China
| | - Bo Ai
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030. China
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, New York. United States
| | - Li-Zhu Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405. China
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Lu Y, Yuan R, Huang H, Chen Z, Qin X, Chen J, Jiang J, Zhuo Y. A Six Autophagy-Related LncRNA Signature Associated with Clinical Prognosis in Prostate Cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yangbai Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Runqiang Yuan
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Hongxing Huang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfan Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junbin Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumin Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhou M, Zhang G, Hu J, Zhu Y, Lan H, Shen X, Lv Y, Huang L. Rutin attenuates Sorafenib-induced Chemoresistance and Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by regulating BANCR/miRNA-590-5P/OLR1 Axis. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3595-3607. [PMID: 34512168 PMCID: PMC8416719 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.62471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rutin, the main component of Potentilla discolor Bunge, was proven to exhibit anti-tumor properties. Sorafenib (SO) is conventionally used in chemotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but acquired resistance developed during long-term therapy limits its benefits. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of rutin in SO-induced autophagy and chemoresistance in HCC. Sixty-eight paired HCC patients who received the same chemotherapy treatment were obtained. We also established two SO resistance cell lines and then utilized high-throughput RNA sequencing to explore their long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles. The target microRNA (miRNA) and downstream mRNA were also explored. Our results indicated that rutin treatment attenuates autophagy and BANCR expression in SO resistance cells. Transmission electron microscopy clearly showed a significantly decreased number of autophagosomes after rutin-treated HepG2/SO and HCCLM3/SO cells. BANCR knockdown promotes the sensitivity of SO resistance cells to SO. Further study found that BANCR acts as a molecular sponge of miR-590-5P to sequester miR-590-5P away from oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) in HCC cells. Furthermore, in vivo study demonstrated that rutin could inhibit autophagy through the BANCR/miRNA-590-5P/OLR1 axis. Our findings suggest that rutin could regulate autophagy by regulating BANCR/miRNA-590-5P/OLR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
| | - Gan Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
| | - Haoming Lan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Shen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P. R. China
| | - Linsheng Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P. R. China
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Thein W, Po WW, Choi WS, Sohn UD. Autophagy and Digestive Disorders: Advances in Understanding and Therapeutic Approaches. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:353-364. [PMID: 34127572 PMCID: PMC8255139 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a series of hollow organs that is responsible for the digestion and absorption of ingested foods and the excretion of waste. Any changes in the GI tract can lead to GI disorders. GI disorders are highly prevalent in the population and account for substantial morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. GI disorders can be functional, or organic with structural changes. Functional GI disorders include functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. Organic GI disorders include inflammation of the GI tract due to chronic infection, drugs, trauma, and other causes. Recent studies have highlighted a new explanatory mechanism for GI disorders. It has been suggested that autophagy, an intracellular homeostatic mechanism, also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of GI disorders. Autophagy has three primary forms: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy. It may affect intestinal homeostasis, host defense against intestinal pathogens, regulation of the gut microbiota, and innate and adaptive immunity. Drugs targeting autophagy could, therefore, have therapeutic potential for treating GI disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of current understanding regarding the evidence for autophagy in GI diseases and updates on potential treatments, including drugs and complementary and alternative medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wynn Thein
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Wah Wah Po
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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He C, Fu Y, Chen Y, Li X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG8 promotes autophagy as a ceRNA to upregulate ATG7 by sponging microRNA-588 in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:577. [PMID: 34122628 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 8 (SNHG8) acts as an oncogene in different types of cancer, including prostate, breast and ovarian cancer. SNHG8 promotes the tumorigenesis of CRC; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore the mechanism of SNHG8 on CRC development via various assays, including western blot, pull-down, PCR and immunofluorescence assays. The results of the present study demonstrated that SNHG8 expression was substantially upregulated in primary tumor tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that SNHG8 facilitated cell proliferation and autophagy in CRC cells. Notably, the function of SNHG8 in enhancing autophagy was dependent on autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7). In addition, western blot analysis indicated that the effect of SNHG8 on autophagy in CRC cells was dependent on the miR-588/ATG7 axis. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that SNHG8 promotes autophagy in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi He
- Department of General Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110054, P.R. China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Xiquan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shenyang Anorectal Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning 110054, P.R. China
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Qi SM, Dong J, Xu ZY, Cheng XD, Zhang WD, Qin JJ. PROTAC: An Effective Targeted Protein Degradation Strategy for Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:692574. [PMID: 34025443 PMCID: PMC8138175 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.692574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeric (PROTAC) technology is an effective endogenous protein degradation tool developed in recent years that can ubiquitinate the target proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to achieve an effect on tumor growth. A number of literature studies on PROTAC technology have proved an insight into the feasibility of PROTAC technology to degrade target proteins. Additionally, the first oral PROTACs (ARV-110 and ARV-471) have shown encouraging results in clinical trials for prostate and breast cancer treatment, which inspires a greater enthusiasm for PROTAC research. Here we focus on the structures and mechanisms of PROTACs and describe several classes of effective PROTAC degraders based on E3 ligases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyun Dong
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Xu L, Qiao Y, Zheng Q. Identification of an autophagy-related gene expression signature for colorectal cancer. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1872716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Qiao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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