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Sun X, Li J, Gao X, Huang Y, Pang Z, Lv L, Li H, Liu H, Zhu L. Disulfidptosis‑related lncRNA prognosis model to predict survival therapeutic response prediction in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:342. [PMID: 38855504 PMCID: PMC11157670 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer, and disulfidptosis is a newly discovered mechanism of programmed cell death. However, the effects of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DR-lncRNAs) in LUAD have yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to identify and validate a novel lncRNA-based prognostic marker that was associated with disulfidptosis. RNA-sequencing and associated clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Univariate Cox regression and lasso algorithm analyses were used to identify DR-lncRNAs and to establish a prognostic model. Kaplan-Meier curves, receiver operating characteristic curves, principal component analysis, Cox regression, nomograms and calibration curves were used to assess the reliability of the prognostic model. Functional enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, somatic mutation analysis, tumor microenvironment and drug predictions were applied to the risk model. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was subsequently performed to validate the mRNA expression levels of the lncRNAs in normal cells and tumor cells. These analyses enabled a DR-lncRNA prognosis signature to be constructed, consisting of nine lncRNAs; U91328.1, LINC00426, MIR1915HG, TMPO-AS1, TDRKH-AS1, AL157895.1, AL512363.1, AC010615.2 and GCC2-AS1. This risk model could serve as an independent prognostic tool for patients with LUAD. Numerous immune evaluation algorithms indicated that the low-risk group may exhibit a more robust and active immune response against the tumor. Moreover, the tumor immune dysfunction exclusion algorithm suggested that immunotherapy would be more effective in patients in the low-risk group. The drug-sensitivity results showed that patients in the high-risk group were more sensitive to treatment with crizotinib, erlotinib or savolitinib. Finally, the expression levels of AL157895.1 were found to be lower in A549. In summary, a novel DR-lncRNA signature was constructed, which provided a new index to predict the efficacy of therapeutic interventions and the prognosis of patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xuedi Gao
- Department of Ophthamology, Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Yubin Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Zhanyue Pang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Liangming Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
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Han H, Wang L, Ding Y, Neuber B, Hückelhoven-Krauss A, Lin M, Yao H, Chen Q, Sauer T, Schubert ML, Guo Z, Müller-Tidow C, Schmitt M, Schmitt A. Extracorporeal photopheresis as a promising strategy for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease after CAR T-cell therapy. Blood Adv 2024; 8:2675-2690. [PMID: 38359409 PMCID: PMC11170151 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurs in about 10% to 33% of patients receiving "allogeneic" or "autologous" chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells after preceding allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) due to the substantial presence of alloreactive T cells. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) shows promising clinical outcomes in the treatment of GVHD after allo-HSCT without hampering antitumor and antiviral effects. This raises an interesting question: whether ECP might constitute a new way to treat patients with GVHD after CAR T-cell therapy without compromising CAR-T cells significantly. Third-generation CD19-specific CAR-T cells were generated and an in vitro ECP protocol was established. The impact of ECP on CAR-T cells was comprehensively investigated in 2 models: the nondilution model reflects days after CAR T-cell infusion and the dilution model weeks after infusion. The therapeutic effect of ECP on GVHD was examined in an in vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay. We found, ECP-treated CAR-T cells demonstrated reduced potency in inducing alloreaction compared with that of the group without ECP treatment in MLR assay. ECP could selectively induce apoptosis, thereby enriching the naive and central memory CAR-T cells with a reduced alloreactivity. The cytokine milieu of CAR-T cells could be switched from immune stimulation to immune tolerance in both models. Moreover, ECP could modulate the proliferative capacity of CAR-T cells without hampering their long-term functionality in the dilution model. In conclusion, ECP constitutes a promising treatment strategy for GVHD after allo-HSCT and CAR T-cell transfusion, as ECP reduces the alloreactivity without hampering CAR T-cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiu Han
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuntian Ding
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Neuber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Min Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hao Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Sauer
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria-Luisa Schubert
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanxi Province Fenyang Hospital, Fenyang, China
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anita Schmitt
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Li C, Hu J, Jiang X, Tan H, Mao Y. Identification and validation of an immune-derived multiple programmed cell death index for predicting clinical outcomes, molecular subtyping, and drug sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03439-y. [PMID: 38563847 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Comprehensive cross-interaction of multiple programmed cell death (PCD) patterns in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not yet been thoroughly investigated. METHODS Here, we collected 19 different PCD patterns, including 1911 PCD-related genes, and developed an immune-derived multiple programmed cell death index (MPCDI) based on machine learning methods. RESULTS Using the median MPCDI scores, we categorized the LUAD patients into two groups: low-MPCDI and high-MPCDI. Our analysis of the TCGA-LUAD training cohort and three external GEO cohorts (GSE37745, GSE30219, and GSE68465) revealed that patients with high-MPCDI experienced a more unfavorable prognosis, whereas those with low-MPCDI had a better prognosis. Furthermore, the results of both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses further confirmed that MPCDI serves as a novel independent risk factor. By combining clinical characteristics with the MPCDI, we constructed a nomogram that provides an accurate and reliable quantitative tool for personalized clinical management of LUAD patients. The findings obtained from the analysis of C-index and the decision curve revealed that the nomogram outperformed various clinical variables in terms of net clinical benefit. Encouragingly, the low-MPCDI patients are more sensitive to commonly used chemotherapy drugs, which suggests that MPCDI scores have a guiding role in chemotherapy for LUAD patients. CONCLUSION Therefore, MPCDI can be used as a novel clinical diagnostic classifier, providing valuable insights into the clinical management and clinical decision-making for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Li
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China.
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China.
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jiahua Hu
- Central Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiling Jiang
- School of Medical Laboratory Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Haiyin Tan
- School of Medical Laboratory Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiming Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, 215028, China.
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Ferrer P, Upadhyay S, Cai JJ, Clement TM. Novel Nuclear Roles for Testis-Specific ACTL7A and ACTL7B Supported by In Vivo Characterizations and AI Facilitated In Silico Mechanistic Modeling with Implications for Epigenetic Regulation in Spermiogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582797. [PMID: 38464253 PMCID: PMC10925299 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
A mechanistic role for nuclear function of testis-specific actin related proteins (ARPs) is proposed here through contributions of ARP subunit swapping in canonical chromatin regulatory complexes. This is significant to our understanding of both mechanisms controlling regulation of spermiogenesis, and the expanding functional roles of the ARPs in cell biology. Among these roles, actins and ARPs are pivotal not only in cytoskeletal regulation, but also in intranuclear chromatin organization, influencing gene regulation and nucleosome remodeling. This study focuses on two testis-specific ARPs, ACTL7A and ACTL7B, exploring their intranuclear activities and broader implications utilizing combined in vivo, in vitro, and in silico approaches. ACTL7A and ACTL7B, previously associated with structural roles, are hypothesized here to serve in chromatin regulation during germline development. This study confirms the intranuclear presence of ACTL7B in spermatocytes and round spermatids, revealing a potential role in intranuclear processes, and identifies a putative nuclear localization sequence conserved across mammalian ACTL7B, indicating a potentially unique mode of nuclear transport which differs from conventional actin. Ablation of ACTL7B leads to varied transcriptional changes reported here. Additionally, in the absence of ACTL7A or ACTL7B there is a loss of intranuclear localization of HDAC1 and HDAC3, which are known regulators of epigenetic associated acetylation changes that in turn regulate gene expression. Thus, these HDACs are implicated as contributors to the aberrant gene expression observed in the KO mouse testis transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, this study employed and confirmed the accuracy of in silico models to predict ARP interactions with Helicase-SANT-associated (HSA) domains, uncovering putative roles for testis-specific ARPs in nucleosome remodeling complexes. In these models, ACTL7A and ACTL7B were found capable of binding to INO80 and SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeler family members in a manner akin to nuclear actin and ACTL6A. These models thus implicate germline-specific ARP subunit swapping within chromatin regulatory complexes as a potential regulatory mechanism for chromatin and associated molecular machinery adaptations in nuclear reorganizations required during spermiogenesis. These results hold implications for male fertility and epigenetic programing in the male-germline that warrant significant future investigation. In summary, this study reveals that ACTL7A and ACTL7B play intranuclear gene regulation roles in male gametogenesis, adding to the multifaceted roles identified also spanning structural, acrosomal, and flagellar stability. ACTL7A and ACTL7B unique nuclear transport, impact on HDAC nuclear associations, impact on transcriptional processes, and proposed mechanism for involvement in nucleosome remodeling complexes supported by AI facilitated in silico modeling contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the indispensable functions of ARPs broadly in cell biology, and specifically in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Ferrer
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Srijana Upadhyay
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - James J Cai
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Tracy M Clement
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
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Khowal S, Zhang D, Yong WH, Heaney AP. Whole-exome sequencing reveals genetic variants that may play a role in neurocytomas. J Neurooncol 2024; 166:471-483. [PMID: 38319496 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neurocytomas (NCs) are rare intracranial tumors that can often be surgically resected. However, disease course is unpredictable in many patients and medical therapies are lacking. We have used whole exome sequencing to explore the molecular etiology for neurocytoma and assist in target identification to develop novel therapeutic interventions. METHODS We used whole exome sequencing (WES) to compare the molecular landscape of 21 primary & recurrent NCs to five normal cerebellar control samples. WES data was analyzed using the Qiagen Clinical Insight program, variants of interest (VOI) were interrogated using ConSurf, ScoreCons, & Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Software to predict their potential functional effects, and Copy number variations (CNVs) in the genes of interest were analyzed by Genewiz (Azenta Life Sciences). RESULTS Of 40 VOI involving thirty-six genes, 7 were pathogenic, 17 likely-pathogenic, and 16 of uncertain-significance. Of seven pathogenic NC associated variants, Glucosylceramidase beta 1 [GBA1 c.703T > C (p.S235P)] was mutated in 5/21 (24%), Coagulation factor VIII [F8 c.3637dupA (p.I1213fs*28)] in 4/21 (19%), Phenylalanine hydroxylase [PAH c.975C > A (p.Y325*)] in 3/21 (14%), and Fanconi anemia complementation group C [FANCC c.1162G > T (p.G388*)], Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 [CHD7 c.2839C > T (p.R947*)], Myosin VIIA [MYO7A c.940G > T (p.E314*)] and Dynein axonemal heavy chain 11 [DNAH11 c.3544C > T (p.R1182*)] in 2/21 (9.5%) NCs respectively. CNVs were noted in 85% of these latter 7 genes. Interestingly, a Carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 2 [CTDSP2 c.472G > A (p.E158K)] of uncertain significance was also found in > 70% of NC cases. INTERPRETATION The variants of interest we identified in the NCs regulate a variety of neurological processes including cilia motility, cell metabolism, immune responses, and DNA damage repair and provide novel insights into the molecular pathogenesis of these extremely rare tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Khowal
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Dongyun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Anthony P Heaney
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Xu K, Li D, Qian J, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhou H, Hou X, Jiang J, Zhang Z, Sun H, Shi G, Dai H, Liu H. Single-cell disulfidptosis regulator patterns guide intercellular communication of tumor microenvironment that contribute to kidney renal clear cell carcinoma progression and immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1288240. [PMID: 38292868 PMCID: PMC10824999 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1288240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Disulfidptosis, an emerging type of programmed cell death, plays a pivotal role in various cancer types, notably impacting the progression of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) through the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the specific involvement of disulfidptosis within the TME remains elusive. Methods Analyzing 41,784 single cells obtained from seven samples of KIRC through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), this study employed nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) to assess 24 disulfidptosis regulators. Pseudotime analysis, intercellular communication mapping, determination of transcription factor activities (TFs), and metabolic profiling of the TME subgroup in KIRC were conducted using Monocle, CellChat, SCENIC, and scMetabolism. Additionally, public cohorts were utilized to predict prognosis and immune responses within the TME subgroup of KIRC. Results Through NMF clustering and differential expression marker genes, fibroblasts, macrophages, monocytes, T cells, and B cells were categorized into four to six distinct subgroups. Furthermore, this investigation revealed the correlation between disulfidptosis regulatory factors and the biological traits, as well as the pseudotime trajectories of TME subgroups. Notably, disulfidptosis-mediated TME subgroups (DSTN+CD4T-C1 and FLNA+CD4T-C2) demonstrated significant prognostic value and immune responses in patients with KIRC. Multiple immunohistochemistry (mIHC) assays identified marker expression within both cell clusters. Moreover, CellChat analysis unveiled diverse and extensive interactions between disulfidptosis-mediated TME subgroups and tumor epithelial cells, highlighting the TNFSF12-TNFRSF12A ligand-receptor pair as mediators between DSTN+CD4T-C1, FLNA+CD4T-C2, and epithelial cells. Conclusion Our study sheds light on the role of disulfidptosis-mediated intercellular communication in regulating the biological characteristics of the TME. These findings offer valuable insights for patients with KIRC, potentially guiding personalized immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjie Xu
- Central Laboratory Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongling Li
- Nephrology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinke Qian
- Urology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minglei Zhang
- Oncology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Central Laboratory Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- Central Laboratory Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Central Laboratory Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihang Zhang
- Pathology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Urology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Shi
- Medical Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Dai
- Yangzhou University Clinical Medical College, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-coding RNA Research, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Urology Department, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
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Torii T, Sugimoto W, Itoh K, Kinoshita N, Gessho M, Goto T, Uehara I, Nakajima W, Budirahardja Y, Miyoshi D, Nishikata T, Tanaka N, Hirata H, Kawauchi K. Loss of p53 function promotes DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:766. [PMID: 38001089 PMCID: PMC10674001 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06310-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in response to DNA damage. DNA-damaging agents modulate nuclear actin dynamics, influencing cell behaviors; however, whether p53 affects the formation of nuclear actin filaments remains unclear. In this study, we found that p53 depletion promoted the formation of nuclear actin filaments in response to DNA-damaging agents, such as doxorubicin (DOXO) and etoposide (VP16). Even though the genetic probes used for the detection of nuclear actin filaments exerted a promotive effect on actin polymerization, the detected formation of nuclear actin filaments was highly dependent on both p53 depletion and DNA damage. Whilst active p53 is known to promote caspase-1 expression, the overexpression of caspase-1 reduced DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments in p53-depleted cells. In contrast, co-treatment with DOXO and the pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh or the caspase-1 inhibitor Z-YVAD-FMK induced the formation of nuclear actin filament formation even in cells bearing wild-type p53. These results suggest that the p53-caspase-1 axis suppresses DNA damage-induced formation of nuclear actin filaments. In addition, we found that the expression of nLifeact-GFP, the filamentous-actin-binding peptide Lifeact fused with the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and GFP, modulated the structure of nuclear actin filaments to be phalloidin-stainable in p53-depleted cells treated with the DNA-damaging agent, altering the chromatin structure and reducing the transcriptional activity. The level of phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX), a marker of DNA damage, in these cells also reduced upon nLifeact-GFP expression, whilst details of the functional relationship between the formation of nLifeact-GFP-decorated nuclear actin filaments and DNA repair remained to be elucidated. Considering that the loss of p53 is associated with cancer progression, the results of this study raise a possibility that the artificial reinforcement of nuclear actin filaments by nLifeact-GFP may enhance the cytotoxic effect of DNA-damaging agents in aggressive cancer cells through a reduction in gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Torii
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Wataru Sugimoto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Itoh
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Natsuki Kinoshita
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masaya Gessho
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Goto
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ikuno Uehara
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Wataru Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yemima Budirahardja
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyoshi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takahito Nishikata
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, 924-0838, Japan.
| | - Keiko Kawauchi
- Faculty of Frontiers of Innovative Research in Science and Technology (FIRST), Konan University, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
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Xu HB, Chen HY, Lv J, Chen BB, Zhou ZR, Chang S, Gao YT, Huang WF, Ye MJ, Cheng ZJ, Hafez ME, Qian RC, Li DW. Schiff Base Reaction in a Living Cell: In Situ Synthesis of a Hollow Covalent Organic Polymer To Regulate Biological Functions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311002. [PMID: 37714815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Artificially performing chemical reactions in living biosystems to attain various physiological aims remains an intriguing but very challenging task. In this study, the Schiff base reaction was conducted in cells using Sc(OTf)3 as a catalyst, enabling the in situ synthesis of a hollow covalent organic polymer (HCOP) without external stimuli. The reversible Schiff base reaction mediated intracellular Oswald ripening endows the HCOP with a spherical, hollow porous structure and a large specific surface area. The intracellularly generated HCOP reduced cellular motility by restraining actin polymerization, which consequently induced mitochondrial deactivation, apoptosis, and necroptosis. The presented intracellular synthesis system inspired by the Schiff base reaction has strong potential to regulate cell fate and biological functions, opening up a new strategic possibility for intervening in cellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lv
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Chang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Jian Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Mahmoud Elsayed Hafez
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Ruo-Can Qian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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9
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Davis J, Meyer T, Smolnig M, Smethurst DG, Neuhaus L, Heyden J, Broeskamp F, Edrich ES, Knittelfelder O, Kolb D, Haar TVD, Gourlay CW, Rockenfeller P. A dynamic actin cytoskeleton is required to prevent constitutive VDAC-dependent MAPK signalling and aberrant lipid homeostasis. iScience 2023; 26:107539. [PMID: 37636069 PMCID: PMC10450525 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of the actin cytoskeleton is required to coordinate many cellular processes, and a loss of its plasticity has been linked to accelerated cell aging and attenuation of adaptive response mechanisms. Cofilin is an actin-binding protein that controls actin dynamics and has been linked to mitochondrial signaling pathways that control drug resistance and cell death. Here we show that cofilin-driven chronic depolarization of the actin cytoskeleton activates cell wall integrity mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling and disrupts lipid homeostasis in a voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC)-dependent manner. Expression of the cof1-5 mutation, which reduces the dynamic nature of actin, triggers loss of cell wall integrity, vacuole fragmentation, disruption of lipid homeostasis, lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, and the promotion of cell death. The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton is therefore essential to maintain the fidelity of MAPK signaling, lipid homeostasis, and cell health in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Davis
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Thorsten Meyer
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Smolnig
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Neuhaus
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Jonas Heyden
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | - Filomena Broeskamp
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
| | | | - Oskar Knittelfelder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Medical University of Graz, Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias von der Haar
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Campbell W. Gourlay
- Kent Fungal Group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - Patrick Rockenfeller
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Stockumer Str. 10, 58453 Witten, Germany
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10
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Takayasu BS, Rodrigues SS, Madureira Trufen CE, Machado-Santelli GM, Onuki J. Effects on cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton organization of five Bothrops spp. venoms in cell culture-based assays. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18317. [PMID: 37539139 PMCID: PMC10393766 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Snake envenomation is a neglected tropical disease. In Brazil, the Bothrops genus is responsible for about 86% of snakebite accidents. Despite extensive evidence of the cytotoxicity of snake venoms, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood, especially regarding the effects on cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton organization. Traditionally, the effectiveness and quality control tests of venoms and antivenoms are assessed by in vivo assays. Despite this, there is a rising effort to develop surrogate in vitro models according to the 3R principle (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement). In this study, we treated rat liver cells (BRL-3A) with venoms from five Bothrops species (B. jararaca, B. jararacussu, B. moojeni, B. alternatus, and B. neuwiedi) and analyzed cell viability and IC50 by MTT assay, cell cycle phases distribution by flow cytometry, and morphology and cytoskeleton alterations by immunofluorescence. In addition, we evaluated the correlation between IC50 and the enzymatic and biological activities of each venom. Our results indicated that Bothrops spp. venoms decreased the cell viability of rat liver BRL-3A cells. The rank order of potency was B. jararacussu > B. moojeni > B. alternatus > B. jararaca > B. neuwiedi. The mechanisms of cytotoxicity were related to microtubules and actin network disruption, but not to cell cycle arrest. No clear correlation was found between the IC50 and retrieved literature data of in vitro enzymatic and in vivo biological activities. This work contributed to understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the Bothrops spp. venom cytotoxicity, which can help to improve envenomation treatment, as well as disclose potential therapeutic properties of snake venoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Sayuri Takayasu
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Glaucia Maria Machado-Santelli
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janice Onuki
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Herpetology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Susan M, Macasoi I, Pinzaru I, Dehelean C, Ilia I, Susan R, Ionita I. In Vitro Assessment of the Synergistic Effect of Aspirin and 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6197-6219. [PMID: 37504320 PMCID: PMC10377900 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although remarkable progress has been made, colorectal cancer remains a significant global health issue. One of the most challenging aspects of cancer treatment is the resistance of tumor cells to classical chemotherapy. Conventional therapy for colorectal cancer often involves the use of 5-fluorouracil as a chemotherapeutic agent. Aspirin, a drug used primarily to prevent cardiovascular complications, became a focus of attention due to its potential use as an antitumor agent. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the potential synergistic cytotoxic effects of aspirin and 5-fluorouracil on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. The viability of cells, the impact on the morphology and nuclei of cells, the potential antimigratory effect, and the impact on the expression of the major genes associated with cell apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, Bad), as well as caspases 3 and 8, were evaluated. The results indicated that the two compounds exerted a synergistic effect, causing a reduction in cell viability accompanied by changes characteristic of the apoptosis process-the condensation of nuclei and the reorganization of actin filaments in cells, the reduction in the expression of the Bcl-2 gene, and the increase in the expression of Bax and Bad genes, along with caspases 3 and 8. Considering all these findings, it appears that aspirin may be investigated in depth in order to be used in conjunction with 5-fluorouracil to increase antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Susan
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iosif Ilia
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Susan
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Ionita
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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12
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Lee AR, Park CY. Orai1 is an Entotic Ca 2+ Channel for Non-Apoptotic Cell Death, Entosis in Cancer Development. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205913. [PMID: 36960682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Entosis is a non-apoptotic cell death process that forms characteristic cell-in-cell structures in cancers, killing invading cells. Intracellular Ca2+ dynamics are essential for cellular processes, including actomyosin contractility, migration, and autophagy. However, the significance of Ca2+ and Ca2+ channels participating in entosis is unclear. Here, it is shown that intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulates entosis via SEPTIN-Orai1-Ca2+ /CaM-MLCK-actomyosin axis. Intracellular Ca2+ oscillations in entotic cells show spatiotemporal variations during engulfment, mediated by Orai1 Ca2+ channels in plasma membranes. SEPTIN controlled polarized distribution of Orai1 for local MLCK activation, resulting in MLC phosphorylation and actomyosin contraction, leads to internalization of invasive cells. Ca2+ chelators and SEPTIN, Orai1, and MLCK inhibitors suppress entosis. This study identifies potential targets for treating entosis-associated tumors, showing that Orai1 is an entotic Ca2+ channel that provides essential Ca2+ signaling and sheds light on the molecular mechanism underlying entosis that involves SEPTIN filaments, Orai1, and MLCK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Reum Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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13
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Kerivan EM, Tobin L, Basil M, Reinemann DN. Molecular and cellular level characterization of cytoskeletal mechanics using a quartz crystal microbalance. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2023; 80:100-111. [PMID: 36891731 PMCID: PMC10272097 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is an instrument that has the ability to measure nanogram-level changes in mass on a quartz sensor and is traditionally used to probe surface interactions and assembly kinetics of synthetic systems. The addition of dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) facilitates the study of viscoelastic systems, such as those relevant to molecular and cellular mechanics. Due to real-time recording of frequency and dissipation changes and single protein-level precision, the QCM-D is effective in interrogating the viscoelastic properties of cell surfaces and in vitro cellular components. However, few studies focus on the application of this instrument to cytoskeletal systems, whose dynamic parts create interesting emergent mechanics as ensembles that drive essential tasks, such as division and motility. Here, we review the ability of the QCM-D to characterize key kinetic and mechanical features of the cytoskeleton through in vitro reconstitution and cellular assays and outline how QCM-D studies can yield insightful mechanical data alone and in tandem with other biophysical characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Kerivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Lyle Tobin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Mihir Basil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
| | - Dana N. Reinemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA
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14
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Villalonga E, Mosrin C, Normand T, Girardin C, Serrano A, Žunar B, Doudeau M, Godin F, Bénédetti H, Vallée B. LIM Kinases, LIMK1 and LIMK2, Are Crucial Node Actors of the Cell Fate: Molecular to Pathological Features. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050805. [PMID: 36899941 PMCID: PMC10000741 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) and LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) are serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases and the only two members of the LIM kinase family. They play a crucial role in the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics by controlling actin filaments and microtubule turnover, especially through the phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin depolymerising factor. Thus, they are involved in many biological processes, such as cell cycle, cell migration, and neuronal differentiation. Consequently, they are also part of numerous pathological mechanisms, especially in cancer, where their involvement has been reported for a few years and has led to the development of a wide range of inhibitors. LIMK1 and LIMK2 are known to be part of the Rho family GTPase signal transduction pathways, but many more partners have been discovered over the decades, and both LIMKs are suspected to be part of an extended and various range of regulation pathways. In this review, we propose to consider the different molecular mechanisms involving LIM kinases and their associated signalling pathways, and to offer a better understanding of their variety of actions within the physiology and physiopathology of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Villalonga
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Christine Mosrin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Thierry Normand
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Caroline Girardin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Amandine Serrano
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Bojan Žunar
- Laboratory for Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michel Doudeau
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Fabienne Godin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Hélène Bénédetti
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
| | - Béatrice Vallée
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire; UPR4301, CNRS, University of Orleans and INSERM, CEDEX 2, 45071 Orleans, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)2-38-25-76-11
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15
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EGFR and p38MAPK Contribute to the Apoptotic Effect of the Recombinant Lectin from Tepary Bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) in Colon Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ph16020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous works showed that a Tepary bean lectin fraction (TBLF) induced apoptosis on colon cancer cells and inhibited early colonic tumorigenesis. One Tepary bean (TB) lectin was expressed in Pichia pastoris (rTBL-1), exhibiting similarities to one native lectin, where its molecular structure and in silico recognition of cancer-type N-glycoconjugates were confirmed. This work aimed to determine whether rTBL-1 retained its bioactive properties and if its apoptotic effect was related to EGFR pathways by studying its cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells. Similar apoptotic effects of rTBL-1 with respect to TBLF were observed for cleaved PARP-1 and caspase 3, and cell cycle G0/G1 arrest and decreased S phase were observed for both treatments. Apoptosis induction on SW-480 cells was confirmed by testing HA2X, p53 phosphorylation, nuclear fragmentation, and apoptotic bodies. rTBL-1 increased EGFR phosphorylation but also its degradation by the lysosomal route. Phospho-p38 increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, matching apoptotic markers, and STAT1 showed activation after rTBL-1 treatment. The results show that part of the rTBL-1 mechanism of action is related to p38 MAPK signaling. Future work will focus further on the target molecules of this recombinant lectin against colon cancer.
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16
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Modelling of Tissue Invasion in Epithelial Monolayers. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020427. [PMID: 36836784 PMCID: PMC9964186 DOI: 10.3390/life13020427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mathematical and computational models are used to describe biomechanical processes in multicellular systems. Here, we develop a model to analyse how two types of epithelial cell layers interact during tissue invasion depending on their cellular properties, i.e., simulating cancer cells expanding into a region of normal cells. We model the tissue invasion process using the cellular Potts model and implement our two-dimensional computational simulations in the software package CompuCell3D. The model predicts that differences in mechanical properties of cells can lead to tissue invasion, even if the division rates and death rates of the two cell types are the same. We also show how the invasion speed varies depending on the cell division and death rates and the mechanical properties of the cells.
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17
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Variability of polyteny of giant chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster salivary glands. Genetica 2023; 151:75-86. [PMID: 36163579 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-022-00168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyteny is an effective mechanism for accelerating growth and enhancing gene expression in eukaryotes. The purpose of investigation was to study the genetic variability of polyteny degree of giant chromosomes in the salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster Meig. in relation to the differential fitness of different genotypes. 16 strains, lines and hybrids of fruit flies were studied. This study demonstrates the significant influence of hereditary factors on the level of polytenization of giant chromosomes in Drosophila. This is manifested in the differences between strains and lines, the effect of inbreeding, chromosome isogenization, hybridization, adaptively significant selection, sexual differences, and varying degrees of individual variability of a trait in different strains, lines, and hybrids. The genetic component in the variability of the degree of chromosome polyteny in Drosophila salivary glands was 45.3%, the effect of sex was 9.5%. It has been shown that genetic distances during inbreeding, outbreeding or hybridization, which largely determine the selective value of different genotypes, also affect polyteny patterns. Genetic, humoral, and epigenetic aspects of endocycle regulation, which may underlie the variations in the degree of chromosome polyteny, as well as the biological significance of the phenomenon of endopolyploidy, are discussed.
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18
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Dai Z, Zhang W, Zhou L, Huang J. Probing Lipid Peroxidation in Ferroptosis: Emphasizing the Utilization of C11-BODIPY-Based Protocols. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2712:61-72. [PMID: 37578696 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3433-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that relies on iron and is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides, resulting in oncotic cell swelling and eventual disruption of cellular membranes. Lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of ferroptosis, refers to the oxidative deterioration of lipids that contain carbon-carbon double bonds, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation and identifying reliable techniques for assessing lipid peroxidation levels are crucial for further advancements in this field of research. Various methods have been developed to detect lipid peroxidation levels, including C11-BODIPY (BODIPY™ 581/591 C11), liperfluo, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), Click-iT LAA (linoleamide alkyne), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based epilipidomics (redox lipidomics). Currently, one of the most commonly used and effective methods is the C11-BODIPY assay, which utilizes a fluorescent probe that selectively sensitizes lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. Incorporating advanced techniques such as flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy with C11-BODIPY dye is essential for accurate assessment of lipid peroxidation levels in ferroptosis. This chapter aims to provide comprehensive experimental protocols for detecting lipid peroxidation levels indicative of ferroptosis using C11-BODIPY staining and subsequent detection via flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangshuai Dai
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Huang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Eugenol Induces Apoptosis in Tongue Squamous Carcinoma Cells by Mediating the Expression of Bcl-2 Family. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010022. [PMID: 36675971 PMCID: PMC9861585 DOI: 10.3390/life13010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is highly aggressive type of cancer for which the available treatment often causes patients severe side effects. Eugenol (Eug) is the major active constituent of clove essential oil and is known to possess antitumor properties. The present study aimed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of eugenol in SCC-4, tongue squamous carcinoma cells, and also in HGF, human gingival fibroblasts. Both cell lines were treated with five concentrations of Eug (0.1-1 mM) for 72 h. Cellular viability was assessed, followed by cellular morphological evaluation and by staining of the nuclei and cytoskeleton. RT-PCR was conducted in order to find the effect eugenol had on the expression on Bad, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes. Eugenol induced a dose-dependent decrease in viability in both cell lines, with the SCC-4 cells being significantly more affected. HGF cells detached from the plate at the highest concentrations used, while SCC-4 cells changed their morphology in a dose-dependent manner, with rounding, floating cells, and confluency loss being observed. Apoptotic-like signs such as chromatin and actin filaments condensation were clearly seen in SCC-4 cells, while RT-PCR revealed a significantly increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes Bax and Bad. Therefore, eugenol exerts its cytotoxic effect in tongue squamous cell carcinoma through inducing apoptosis.
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20
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Geng M, Hansanant N, Lu SE, Lockless SW, Shin R, Orugunty R, Smith L. Synthesis and characterization of semisynthetic analogs of the antifungal occidiofungin. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1056453. [PMID: 36583054 PMCID: PMC9792986 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Occidiofungin is a broad-spectrum antifungal compound produced by Burkholderia contaminans MS14. It is a cyclic glycol-lipopeptide with a novel beta-amino acid (NAA2) containing a hydroxylated C18 fatty acid chain with a xylose sugar. This study reports a strategy to produce semisynthetic analogs of occidiofungin to further explore the structure activity relationships of this class of compounds. Oxidative cleavage of the diol present on carbons five C(5) and six C(6) removes the xylose and twelve carbons of the fatty acid chain. The resulting cyclic peptide product, occidiofungin aldehyde, is devoid of antifungal activity. However, the free aldehyde group on this product can be subjected to reductive amination reactions to provide interesting semisynthetic analogs. This chemistry allows the quick generation of analogs to study the structure activity relationships of this class of compounds. Despite restoring the length of the aliphatic side chain by reductive amination addition with undecylamine or dodecylamine to the free aldehyde group, the obtained analogs did not demonstrate any antifungal activity. The antifungal activity was partially restored by the addition of a DL-dihydrosphingosine. The dodecylamine analog was demonstrated to still bind to the cellular target actin, suggesting that the diol on the side chain of native occidiofungin is important for entry into the cell enabling access to cellular target F-actin. These results show that the alkyl side chain on NAA2 along with the diol present on this side chain is important for occidiofungin's antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Geng
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States,Sano Chemicals Inc., Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Nopakorn Hansanant
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shi-En Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
| | - Steve W. Lockless
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ronald Shin
- Central Alabama High-Field NMR Facility, Structural Biology Shared Facility, Cancer Center University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | | | - Leif Smith
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States,Sano Chemicals Inc., Bryan, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Leif Smith,
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21
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Pharmaco-Toxicological Assessment of the Combined Cytotoxic Effects of Digoxin and Betulinic Acid in Melanoma Cells. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111855. [PMID: 36430989 PMCID: PMC9694166 DOI: 10.3390/life12111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Betulinic acid, a small molecule from pentacyclic triterpenes class, has been widely studied for its antitumor activity, revealing that it induces the apoptosis of tumor cells in a selective manner. In recent years, digoxin, a cardiac glycoside found particularly in the plant species Digitalis lanata, has drawn interest for its potential antitumor properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimelanoma potential of betulinic acid (BA), digoxin (DG), and their association (DG + BA). In vitro assessments were performed 24 h post-treatment on two human melanoma cell lines (SK-Mel-28 and RPMI-7951). In addition, the potential irritant effects of the test samples were evaluated using the chorioallantoic membrane of hen's eggs. BA and DG exhibit a concentration-dependent cytotoxic activity, with the combination of the two having a more marked effect on the decrease in cell viability (~17% for SK-Mel-28 cells and ~23% for RPMI-7951 cells). Further, morphological changes (rounding of the cells and their separation from the plaque) and alterations in the nucleus and actin fibers (condensation of chromatin and actin fibers, formation of apoptotic bodies) were observed, indicating an apoptotic-like process. Moreover, no irritating effects were observed in ovo. As a result, DG + BA acid may have synergistic potential in the antitumor treatment of melanoma, but future studies are needed in order to clarify the biological mechanisms involved.
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22
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Zhou Q, Li T, Qin Q, Huang X, Wang Y. Ferroptosis in lymphoma: Emerging mechanisms and a novel therapeutic approach. Front Genet 2022; 13:1039951. [PMID: 36406116 PMCID: PMC9669386 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1039951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis, ferroptosis represents a new type of cell death, which is characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. This process relies largely on the metabolite reactive oxygen species (ROS), phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA-PL), transition metal iron, intra-, and intercellular signaling events, and environmental stress that regulate cellular metabolism and ROS levels. Recent studies show that ferroptosis plays an important role in tumorigenesis, tumor development, and the treatment of hematological malignancies, including lymphoma. Despite the constant emergence of new drugs, the differences in morphological features, immunophenotypes, biological patterns, rates of onset, and response to treatment in lymphoma pose major therapeutic challenges. Since lymphoma is associated with ferroptosis and shows sensitivity towards it, targeting the potential regulatory factors may regulate lymphoma progression. This has emerged as a research hotspot. This review summarizes the current knowledge on ferroptosis induction and resistance mechanisms, their roles and mechanistic details of ferroptosis in lymphoma suppression and immunity, and finally the treatment strategies for lymphoma by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhou
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Wenjiang District People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Qin
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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23
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Grespi F, Vianello C, Cagnin S, Giacomello M, De Mario A. The Interplay of Microtubules with Mitochondria–ER Contact Sites (MERCs) in Glioblastoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040567. [PMID: 35454156 PMCID: PMC9030160 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are heterogeneous neoplasms, classified into grade I to IV according to their malignancy and the presence of specific histological/molecular hallmarks. The higher grade of glioma is known as glioblastoma (GB). Although progress has been made in surgical and radiation treatments, its clinical outcome is still unfavorable. The invasive properties of GB cells and glioma aggressiveness are linked to the reshaping of the cytoskeleton. Recent works suggest that the different susceptibility of GB cells to antitumor immune response is also associated with the extent and function of mitochondria–ER contact sites (MERCs). The presence of MERCs alterations could also explain the mitochondrial defects observed in GB models, including abnormalities of energy metabolism and disruption of apoptotic and calcium signaling. Based on this evidence, the question arises as to whether a MERCs–cytoskeleton crosstalk exists, and whether GB progression is linked to an altered cytoskeleton–MERCs interaction. To address this possibility, in this review we performed a meta-analysis to compare grade I and grade IV GB patients. From this preliminary analysis, we found that GB samples (grade IV) are characterized by altered expression of cytoskeletal and MERCs related genes. Among them, the cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4 or CLIMP-63) appears particularly interesting as it encodes a MERCs protein controlling the ER anchoring to microtubules (MTs). Although further in-depth analyses remain necessary, this perspective review may provide new hints to better understand GB molecular etiopathogenesis, by suggesting that cytoskeletal and MERCs alterations cooperate to exacerbate the cellular phenotype of high-grade GB and that MERCs players can be exploited as novel biomarkers/targets to enhance the current therapy for GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Grespi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Caterina Vianello
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefano Cagnin
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
- CIR-Myo Myology Center, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Giacomello
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy; (F.G.); (C.V.); (S.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Agnese De Mario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58b, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (A.D.M.)
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24
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Ristic B, Harhaji-Trajkovic L, Bosnjak M, Dakic I, Mijatovic S, Trajkovic V. Modulation of Cancer Cell Autophagic Responses by Graphene-Based Nanomaterials: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164145. [PMID: 34439299 PMCID: PMC8392723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Graphene-based nanomaterials (GNM) are one-to-several carbon atom-thick flakes of graphite with at least one lateral dimension <100 nm. The unique electronic structure, high surface-to-volume ratio, and relatively low toxicity make GNM potentially useful in cancer treatment. GNM such as graphene, graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, and graphene nanofibers are able to induce autophagy in cancer cells. During autophagy the cell digests its own components in organelles called lysosomes, which can either kill cancer cells or promote their survival, as well as influence the immune response against the tumor. However, a deeper understanding of GNM-autophagy interaction at the mechanistic and functional level is needed before these findings could be exploited to increase GNM effectiveness as cancer therapeutics and drug delivery systems. In this review, we analyze molecular mechanisms of GNM-mediated autophagy modulation and its possible implications for the use of GNM in cancer therapy. Abstract Graphene-based nanomaterials (GNM) are plausible candidates for cancer therapeutics and drug delivery systems. Pure graphene and graphene oxide nanoparticles, as well as graphene quantum dots and graphene nanofibers, were all able to trigger autophagy in cancer cells through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms involving oxidative/endoplasmic reticulum stress, AMP-activated protein kinase, mechanistic target of rapamycin, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Toll-like receptor signaling. This was often coupled with lysosomal dysfunction and subsequent blockade of autophagic flux, which additionally increased the accumulation of autophagy mediators that participated in apoptotic, necrotic, or necroptotic death of cancer cells and influenced the immune response against the tumor. In this review, we analyze molecular mechanisms and structure–activity relationships of GNM-mediated autophagy modulation, its consequences for cancer cell survival/death and anti-tumor immune response, and the possible implications for the use of GNM in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Ristic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.R.); (I.D.)
| | - Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Mihajlo Bosnjak
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Dakic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.R.); (I.D.)
| | - Srdjan Mijatovic
- Clinic for Emergency Surgery, Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.R.); (I.D.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Maguire WF, Schmitz JC, Scemama J, Czambel K, Lin Y, Green AG, Wu S, Lin H, Puhalla S, Rhee J, Stoller R, Tawbi H, Lee JJ, Wright JJ, Beumer JH, Chu E, Appleman LJ. Phase 1 study of safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of tivantinib in combination with bevacizumab in adult patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:643-654. [PMID: 34164713 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the combination of tivantinib, a c-MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF-A antibody. METHODS Patients with advanced solid tumors received bevacizumab (10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks) and escalating doses of tivantinib (120-360 mg orally twice daily). In addition to safety and preliminary efficacy, we evaluated pharmacokinetics of tivantinib and its metabolites, as well as pharmacodynamic biomarkers in peripheral blood and skin. RESULTS Eleven patients received the combination treatment, which was generally well tolerated. The main dose-limiting toxicity was grade 3 hypertension, which was observed in four patients. Other toxicities included lymphopenia and electrolyte disturbances. No exposure-toxicity relationship was observed for tivantinib or metabolites. No clinical responses were observed. Mean levels of the serum cytokine bFGF increased (p = 0.008) after the bevacizumab-only lead-in and decreased back to baseline (p = 0.047) after addition of tivantinib. Tivantinib reduced levels of both phospho-MET (7/11 patients) and tubulin (4/11 patients) in skin. CONCLUSIONS The combination of tivantinib and bevacizumab produced toxicities that were largely consistent with the safety profiles of the individual drugs. The study was terminated prior to establishment of the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) due to concerns regarding the mechanism of tivantinib, as well as lack of clinical efficacy seen in this and other studies. Tivantinib reversed the upregulation of bFGF caused by bevacizumab, which has been considered a potential mechanism of resistance to therapies targeting the VEGF pathway. The findings from this study suggest that the mechanism of action of tivantinib in humans may involve inhibition of both c-MET and tubulin expression. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01749384 (First posted 12/13/2012).
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Maguire
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John C Schmitz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonas Scemama
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ken Czambel
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yan Lin
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Biostatistics Facility, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anthony G Green
- Pitt Biospecimen Core Research Histology Department, Health Sciences Core Research Facilities, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shaoyu Wu
- Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huang Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Roche Product Development, Roche (China) Holding Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Shannon Puhalla
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John Rhee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald Stoller
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hussein Tawbi
- Department of Melanoma and Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James J Lee
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John J Wright
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edward Chu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oncology and Cancer Therapeutics Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Leonard J Appleman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Cancer Therapeutics Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, 5150 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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