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Patel S, Ganbold K, Cho CH, Siddiqui J, Yildiz R, Sparman N, Sadeh S, Nguyen CM, Wang J, Whitelegge JP, Fried SK, Waki H, Villanueva CJ, Seldin MM, Sakaguchi S, Ellmeier W, Tontonoz P, Rajbhandari P. Transcription factor PATZ1 promotes adipogenesis by controlling promoter regulatory loci of adipogenic factors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8533. [PMID: 39358382 PMCID: PMC11447024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52917-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is essential for lipid storage and systemic energy homeostasis. Understanding adipocyte formation and stability is key to developing therapies for obesity and metabolic disorders. Through a high-throughput cDNA screen, we identified PATZ1, a POZ/BTB and AT-Hook Containing Zinc Finger 1 protein, as an important adipogenic transcription factor. PATZ1 is expressed in human and mouse adipocyte precursor cells (APCs) and adipocytes. In cellular models, PATZ1 promotes adipogenesis via protein-protein interactions and DNA binding. PATZ1 ablation in mouse adipocytes and APCs leads to a reduced APC pool, decreased fat mass, and hypertrophied adipocytes. ChIP-Seq and RNA-seq analyses show that PATZ1 supports adipogenesis by interacting with transcriptional machinery at the promoter regions of key early adipogenic factors. Mass-spec results show that PATZ1 associates with GTF2I, with GTF2I modulating PATZ1's function during differentiation. These findings underscore PATZ1's regulatory role in adipocyte differentiation and adiposity, offering insights into adipose tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanil Patel
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Khatanzul Ganbold
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Chung Hwan Cho
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Juwairriyyah Siddiqui
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ramazan Yildiz
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Njeri Sparman
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Shani Sadeh
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christy M Nguyen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jiexin Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Julian P Whitelegge
- Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, NPI-Semel Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Susan K Fried
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hironori Waki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Claudio J Villanueva
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Program, and Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Disease Mechanism and Therapeutics Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Battista S, Fedele M, Secco L, Ingo AMD, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. Binding to the Other Side: The AT-Hook DNA-Binding Domain Allows Nuclear Factors to Exploit the DNA Minor Groove. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8863. [PMID: 39201549 PMCID: PMC11354804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The "AT-hook" is a peculiar DNA-binding domain that interacts with DNA in the minor groove in correspondence to AT-rich sequences. This domain has been first described in the HMGA protein family of architectural factors and later in various transcription factors and chromatin proteins, often in association with major groove DNA-binding domains. In this review, using a literature search, we identified about one hundred AT-hook-containing proteins, mainly chromatin proteins and transcription factors. After considering the prototypes of AT-hook-containing proteins, the HMGA family, we review those that have been studied in more detail and that have been involved in various pathologies with a particular focus on cancer. This review shows that the AT-hook is a domain that gives proteins not only the ability to interact with DNA but also with RNA and proteins. This domain can have enzymatic activity and can influence the activity of the major groove DNA-binding domain and chromatin docking modules when present, and its activity can be modulated by post-translational modifications. Future research on the function of AT-hook-containing proteins will allow us to better decipher their function and contribution to the different pathologies and to eventually uncover their mutual influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Battista
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore” (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Luca Secco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (L.S.); (A.M.D.I.)
| | | | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (L.S.); (A.M.D.I.)
| | - Guidalberto Manfioletti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (L.S.); (A.M.D.I.)
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Huang M, Liao X, Wang X, Qian Y, Zhang W, Chen G, Wu Q. POZ/BTB and AT hook containing zinc finger 1 (PATZ1) suppresses differentiation and regulates metabolism in human embryonic stem cells. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:1142-1159. [PMID: 38385086 PMCID: PMC10878140 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can proliferate infinitely (self-renewal) and give rise to almost all types of somatic cells (pluripotency). Hence, understanding the molecular mechanism of pluripotency regulation is important for applications of hESCs in regenerative medicine. Here we report that PATZ1 is a key factor that regulates pluripotency and metabolism in hESCs. We found that depletion of PATZ1 is associated with rapid downregulation of master pluripotency genes and prominent deceleration of cell growth. We also revealed that PATZ1 regulates hESC pluripotency though binding the regulatory regions of OCT4 and NANOG. In addition, we demonstrated PATZ1 is a key node in the OCT4/NANOG transcriptional network. We further revealed that PATZ1 is essential for cell growth in hESCs. Importantly, we discovered that depletion of PATZ1 drives hESCs to exploit glycolysis which energetically compensates for the mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, our study establishes the fundamental role of PATZ1 in regulating pluripotency in hESCs. Moreover, PATZ1 is essential for maintaining a steady metabolic homeostasis to refine the stemness of hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Xiaohua Liao
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Xuepeng Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yiwei Qian
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Cam-Su Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guokai Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
- The Precision Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
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Lucà S, Franco R, Napolitano A, Soria V, Ronchi A, Zito Marino F, Della Corte CM, Morgillo F, Fiorelli A, Luciano A, Palma G, Arra C, Battista S, Cerchia L, Fedele M. PATZ1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A New Biomarker That Negatively Correlates with PD-L1 Expression and Suppresses the Malignant Phenotype. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072190. [PMID: 37046851 PMCID: PMC10093756 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is still an unmet medical problem due to the lack of both effective therapies against advanced stages and markers to allow a diagnosis of the disease at early stages before its progression. Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint is promising for many cancers, including NSCLC, but its success depends on the tumor expression of PD-L1. PATZ1 is an emerging cancer-related transcriptional regulator and diagnostic/prognostic biomarker in different malignant tumors, but its role in lung cancer is still obscure. Here we investigated expression and role of PATZ1 in NSCLC, in correlation with NSCLC subtypes and PD-L1 expression. A cohort of 104 NSCLCs, including lung squamous cell carcinomas (LUSCs) and adenocarcinomas (LUADs), was retrospectively analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of PATZ1 and PD-L1. The results were correlated with each other and with the clinical characteristics, showing on the one hand a positive correlation between the high expression of PATZ1 and the LUSC subtype and, on the other hand, a negative correlation between PATZ1 and PD-L1, validated at the mRNA level in independent NSCLC datasets. Consistently, two NSCLC cell lines transfected with a PATZ1-overexpressing plasmid showed PD-L1 downregulation, suggesting a role for PATZ1 in the negative regulation of PD-L1. We also showed that PATZ1 overexpression inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and that Patz1-knockout mice develop LUAD. Overall, this suggests that PATZ1 may act as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lucà
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Napolitano
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Soria
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ronchi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Zito Marino
- Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Carminia Maria Della Corte
- Department of Precision Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Floriana Morgillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Fiorelli
- Translational Medical and Surgical Science, Thoracic Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Luciano
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palma
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Arra
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Cerchia
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80145 Naples, Italy
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5
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Li X, Han M, Zhang H, Liu F, Pan Y, Zhu J, Liao Z, Chen X, Zhang B. Structures and biological functions of zinc finger proteins and their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomark Res 2022; 10:2. [PMID: 35000617 PMCID: PMC8744215 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins are transcription factors with the finger domain, which plays a significant role in gene regulation. As the largest family of transcription factors in the human genome, zinc finger (ZNF) proteins are characterized by their different DNA binding motifs, such as C2H2 and Gag knuckle. Different kinds of zinc finger motifs exhibit a wide variety of biological functions. Zinc finger proteins have been reported in various diseases, especially in several cancers. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide, especially in China. Most of HCC patients have suffered from hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) injection for a long time. Although the surgical operation of HCC has been extremely developed, the prognosis of HCC is still very poor, and the underlying mechanisms in HCC tumorigenesis are still not completely understood. Here, we summarize multiple functions and recent research of zinc finger proteins in HCC tumorigenesis and progression. We also discuss the significance of zinc finger proteins in HCC diagnosis and prognostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mengzhen Han
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Furong Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yonglong Pan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jinghan Zhu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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