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Zhao X, Yu Z, Wang X, Li X, Liu Y, Wang L. The administration of human amniotic epithelial cells in premature ovarian insufficiency: From preclinical to clinical. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2382818. [PMID: 39039858 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2382818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) or premature ovarian failure (POF) is a multifactorial disorder occurring in reproductive-age women, characterized by elevated levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and irregular or absent menstrual cycles, often accompanied by perimenopausal symptoms and infertility. While assisted reproductive technology can address the reproductive aspirations of some POI-affected women, it is hindered by issues such as exorbitant expenses, substantial risks, and poor rates of conception. Encouragingly, extensive research is exploring novel approaches to enhance fertility, particularly in the realm of stem cell therapy, showcasing both feasibility and significant potential. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) from discarded placental tissues are crucial in regenerative medicine for their pluripotency, low immunogenicity, non-tumorigenicity, accessibility, and minimal ethical concerns. Preclinical studies highlight the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic effects of hAECs in POI treatment, and current research is focusing on innovative interventions to augment hAECs' efficacy. However, despite these strides, overcoming application challenges is essential for successful clinical translation. This paper conducted a comprehensive analysis of the aforementioned issues, examining the prospects and challenges of hAECs in POI, with the aim of providing some insights for future research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongna Yu
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinrun Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Abbasi N, O'Neill H. Cytocompatibility of electrospun poly-L-lactic acid membranes for Bruch's membrane regeneration using human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1902-1920. [PMID: 38726752 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy is under development for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A thin membrane resembling the Bruch's membrane is required to form a cell-on-membrane construct with retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. These cells have been differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro. A carrier membrane is required for cell implantation, which is biocompatible for cell growth and has dimensions and physical properties resembling the Bruch's membrane. Here a nanofiber electrospun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) membrane is tested for capacity to support cell growth and maturation. The requirements for laminin coating of the membrane are identified here. A porous electrospun nanofibrous PLLA membrane of ∼50 nm fiber diameter was developed as a prototype support for functional RPE cells grown as a monolayer. The need for laminin coating applied to the membrane following treatment with poly-L-ornithine (PLO), was identified in terms of cell growth and survival. Test membranes were compared in terms of hydrophilicity after laminin coating, mechanical properties of surface roughness and Young's modulus, porosity and ability to promote the attachment and proliferation of hESC-RPE cells in culture for up to 8 weeks. Over this time, RPE cell proliferation, morphology, and marker and gene expression, were monitored. The functional capacity of cell monolayers was identified in terms of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), phagocytosis of cells, as well as expression of the cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). PLLA polymer fibers are naturally hydrophobic, so their hydrophilicity was improved by pretreatment with PLO for subsequent coating with the bioactive protein laminin. They were then assessed for amount of laminin adsorbed, contact angle and uniformity of coating using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pretreatment with 100% PLO gave the best result over 10% PLO treatment or no treatment prior to laminin adsorption with significantly greater surface stiffness and modulus. By 6 weeks after cell plating, the coated membranes could support a mature RPE monolayer showing a dense apical microvillus structure and pigmented 3D polygonal cell morphology. After 8 weeks, PLO (100%)-Lam coated membranes exhibited the highest cell number, cell proliferation, and RPE barrier function measured as TEER. RPE cells showed the higher levels of specific surface marker and gene expression. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression was highly upregulated indicating maturation of cells. Functionality of cells was indicated by expression of VEGF and PEDF genes as well as phagocytic capacity. In conclusion, electrospun PLLA membranes coated with PLO-Lam have the physical and biological properties to support the distribution and migration of hESC-RPE cells throughout the whole structure. They represent a good membrane candidate for preparation of hESC-RPE cells as a monolayer for implantation into the subretinal space of AMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Abbasi
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Helen O'Neill
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Giacalone JC, Parkinson DH, Balikov DA, Rajesh CR. AMD and Stem Cell-Based Therapies. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2024; 64:21-33. [PMID: 38146879 PMCID: PMC10783850 DOI: 10.1097/iio.0000000000000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent and complex disease leading to severe vision loss. Stem cells offer promising prospects for AMD treatment as they can be differentiated into critical retinal cell types that could replace lost host retinal cells or provide trophic support to promote host retinal cell survival. However, challenges such as immune rejection, concerns regarding tumorigenicity, and genomic integrity must be addressed. Clinical trials with stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells have shown preliminary safety in treating dry AMD, but improvements in manufacturing and surgical techniques cell delivery are needed. Late-stage AMD poses additional hurdles, possibly requiring multi-layered grafts. Advancements in automation technologies and gene correction strategies show potential to enhance iPSC-based therapies. Stem cell-based treatments offer hope for AMD management, but further research and optimization are essential for successful clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C. Giacalone
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David H. Parkinson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel A. Balikov
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - C. Rao Rajesh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Center for RNA Biomedicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Ophthalmology, Surgical Service, Veterans Administration Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Qiu C, Sun Y, Li J, Zhou J, Xu Y, Qiu C, Yu K, Liu J, Jiang Y, Cui W, Wang G, Liu H, Yuan W, Jiang T, Kou Y, Ge Z, He Z, Zhang S, He Y, Yu L. A 3D-Printed Dual Driving Forces Scaffold with Self-Promoted Cell Absorption for Spinal Cord Injury Repair. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301639. [PMID: 37870182 PMCID: PMC10667844 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells play critical roles in cell therapies and tissue engineering for nerve repair. However, achieving effective delivery of high cell density remains a challenge. Here, a novel cell delivery platform termed the hyper expansion scaffold (HES) is developed to enable high cell loading. HES facilitated self-promoted and efficient cell absorption via a dual driving force model. In vitro tests revealed that the HES rapidly expanded 80-fold in size upon absorbing 2.6 million human amniotic epithelial stem cells (hAESCs) within 2 min, representing over a 400% increase in loading capacity versus controls. This enhanced uptake benefited from macroscopic swelling forces as well as microscale capillary action. In spinal cord injury (SCI) rats, HES-hAESCs promoted functional recovery and axonal projection by reducing neuroinflammation and improving the neurotrophic microenvironment surrounding the lesions. In summary, the dual driving forces model provides a new rationale for engineering hydrogel scaffolds to facilitate self-promoted cell absorption. The HES platform demonstrates great potential as a powerful and efficient vehicle for delivering high densities of hAESCs to promote clinical treatment and repair of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Jinying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yuchen Xu
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced StudiesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Cong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Kang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Jia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yuanqing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Wenyu Cui
- Eye Centerthe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009China
| | | | - He Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Weixin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Tuoying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Yaohui Kou
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
| | - Zhen Ge
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou310013China
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineShanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200123China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghai200335China
| | - Shaomin Zhang
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced StudiesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Luyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of CardiologySir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and iCell Biotechnology Regenerative Biomedicine Laboratory of College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China
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Therapeutic Effect of Biomimetic Scaffold Loaded with Human Amniotic Epithelial Cell-Derived Neural-like Cells for Spinal Cord Injury. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100535. [PMID: 36290504 PMCID: PMC9598945 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in devastating consequences for the motor and sensory function of patients due to neuronal loss and disrupted neural circuits, confronting poor prognosis and lack of effective therapies. A new therapeutic strategy is urgently required. Here, human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC), featured with immunocompatibility, non-tumorgenicity and no ethical issues, were induced into neural-like cells by a compound cocktail, as evidenced with morphological change and the expression of neural cell markers. Interestingly, the hAEC-neural-like cells maintain the characteristic of low immunogenicity as hAEC. Aiming at SCI treatment in vivo, we constructed a 3D-printed GelMA hydrogel biomimetic spinal cord scaffold with micro-channels, in which hAEC-neural-like cells were well-induced and grown. In a rat full transection SCI model, hAEC-neural-like cell scaffolds that were implanted in the lesion demonstrated significant therapeutic effects; the neural circuit and hindlimb locomotion were partly recovered compared to little affection in the SCI rats receiving an empty scaffold or a sham implantation operation. Thus, the establishment of hAEC-neural-like cell biomimetic scaffolds may provide a safe and effective treatment strategy for SCI.
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Research Progress and Potential Applications of Spermidine in Ocular Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071500. [PMID: 35890394 PMCID: PMC9323341 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermidine, a natural polyamine, exists in almost all human tissues, exhibiting broad properties like anti-aging, autophagy induction, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, cell proliferation activation, and ion channel regulation. Considering that spermidine is already present in human nutrition, recent studies targeting supplementing exogenous sources of this polyamine appear feasible. The protective role of spermidine in various systems has been illuminated in the literature, while recent progress of spermidine administration in ocular diseases remains to be clarified. This study shows the current landscape of studies on spermidine and its potential to become a promising therapeutic agent to treat ocular diseases: glaucoma, optic nerve injury, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, dry eye syndrome, and bacterial keratitis. It also has the potential to become a potent biomarker to predict keratoconus (KC), cataracts, uveitis, glaucoma, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We also summarize the routes of administration and the effects of spermidine at different doses.
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Chiang MC, Chern E. Current Development, Obstacle and Futural Direction of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment in Degenerative Retinal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052529. [PMID: 35269671 PMCID: PMC8910526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative retinal disease is one of the major causes of vision loss around the world. The past several decades have witnessed emerging development of stem cell treatment for retinal disease. Nevertheless, sourcing stem cells remains controversial due to ethical concerns and their rarity. Furthermore, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are both isolated from patients’ mature tissues; thus, issues such as avoiding moral controversy and adverse events related to immunosuppression and obtaining a large number of cells have opened a new era in regenerative medicine. This review focuses on the current application and development, clinical trials, and latest research of stem cell therapy, as well as its limitations and future directions.
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Elkhenany H, El-Derby A, Abd Elkodous M, Salah RA, Lotfy A, El-Badri N. Applications of the amniotic membrane in tissue engineering and regeneration: the hundred-year challenge. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:8. [PMID: 35012669 PMCID: PMC8744057 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The amniotic membrane (Amnio-M) has various applications in regenerative medicine. It acts as a highly biocompatible natural scaffold and as a source of several types of stem cells and potent growth factors. It also serves as an effective nano-reservoir for drug delivery, thanks to its high entrapment properties. Over the past century, the use of the Amnio-M in the clinic has evolved from a simple sheet for topical applications for skin and corneal repair into more advanced forms, such as micronized dehydrated membrane, amniotic cytokine extract, and solubilized powder injections to regenerate muscles, cartilage, and tendons. This review highlights the development of the Amnio-M over the years and the implication of new and emerging nanotechnology to support expanding its use for tissue engineering and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Elkhenany
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, 12582, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 22785, Egypt
| | - Azza El-Derby
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abd Elkodous
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Radwa A Salah
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, 12582, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Lotfy
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, 12582, Giza, Egypt.
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Yu Y, Li L, Lin S, Hu J. Update of application of olfactory ensheathing cells and stem cells/exosomes in the treatment of retinal disorders. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:11. [PMID: 35012635 PMCID: PMC8751324 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02685-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa and other retinal disorders are the main causes of visual impairment worldwide. In the past, these retinal diseases, especially dry age-related macular degeneration, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinitis pigmentosa, were treated with traditional surgery and drugs. However, the effect was moderate. In recent years, researchers have used embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells and other stem cells to conduct experiments and found that stem cells can inhibit inflammation, regulate immune response, secrete neurotrophic factors, and differentiate into retinal cells to replace and promote restoration of the damaged parts. These stem cells have the potential to treat retinal diseases. Whether it is in animal experiments or clinical trials, the increase in the number of retinal cells, maintenance of function and improvement of visual function all reflect the advanced of stem cells to treat retinal diseases, but its risk preserves the donor's hidden pathogenic genes, immune rejection and tumorigenicity. With the development of exosomes study, researchers have discovered that exosomes come from a wide range of sources and can be secreted by almost all types of cells. Using exosomes with stem cell to treat retinal diseases is more effective than using stem cells alone. This review article summarizes the recent advances in the application of olfactory ensheathing cells and stem cells/exosomes in the treatment of retinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Engineering Research Center of Assistive Technology for Visual Impairment, Fujian Province University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Licheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Engineering Research Center of Assistive Technology for Visual Impairment, Fujian Province University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China. .,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Engineering Research Center of Assistive Technology for Visual Impairment, Fujian Province University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China. .,The School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian Province, China.
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