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Wang JB, Lin TX, Fan DH, Gao YX, Chen YJ, Wu YK, Xu KX, Qiu QZ, Li P, Xie JW, Lin JX, Chen QY, Cao LL, Huang CM, Zheng CH. CircUBA2 promotes the cancer stem cell-like properties of gastric cancer through upregulating STC1 via sponging miR-144-5p. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:276. [PMID: 39103836 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are critical factors that limit the effectiveness of gastric cancer (GC) therapy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are confirmed as important regulators of many cancers. However, their role in regulating CSC-like properties of GC remains largely unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the role of circUBA2 in CSC maintenance and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We identified circUBA2 as an upregulated gene using circRNA microarray analysis. qRT-PCR was used to examine the circUBA2 levels in normal and GC tissues. In vitro and in vivo functional assays were performed to validate the role of circUBA2 in proliferation, migration, metastasis and CSC-like properties of GC cell. The relationship between circUBA2, miR-144-5p and STC1 was characterised using bioinformatics analysis, a dual fluorescence reporter system, FISH, and RIP assays. RESULTS CircUBA2 expression was significantly increased in GC tissues, and patients with GC with high circUBA2 expression had a poor prognosis. CircUBA2 enhances CSC-like properties of GC, thereby promoting cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. Mechanistically, circUBA2 promoted GC malignancy and CSC-like properties by acting as a sponge for miR-144-5p to upregulate STC1 expression and further activate the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. More importantly, the ability of circUBA2 to enhance CSC-like properties was inhibited by tocilizumab, a humanised Interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody. Thus, circUBA2 knockdown and tocilizumab synergistically inhibited CSC-like properties. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the critical role of circUBA2 in regulating CSC-like properties in GC. CircUBA2 may be a promising prognostic biomarker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tong-Xing Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deng-Hui Fan
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - You-Xin Gao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jing Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Kai Wu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kai-Xiang Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qing-Zhu Qiu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Wei Xie
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Xian Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi-Yue Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Long-Long Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chang-Ming Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Chao-Hui Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No.29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian Province, China.
- Fujian Province Minimally Invasive Medical Center, Fuzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Bamodu OA, Chung CC, Pisanic TR, Wu ATH. The intricate interplay between cancer stem cells and cell-of-origin of cancer: implications for therapeutic strategies. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1404628. [PMID: 38800385 PMCID: PMC11116576 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1404628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as pivotal players in tumorigenesis, disease progression, and resistance to therapies. Objective This comprehensive review delves into the intricate relationship between CSCs and the cell-of-origin in diverse cancer types. Design Comprehensive review of thematically-relevant literature. Methods We explore the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive the conversion of normal cells into CSCs and the impact of the cell-of-origin on CSC properties, tumor initiation, and therapeutic responses. Moreover, we discuss potential therapeutic interventions targeting CSCs based on their distinct cell-of-origin characteristics. Results Accruing evidence suggest that the cell-of-origin, the cell type from which the tumor originates, plays a crucial role in determining the properties of CSCs and their contribution to tumor heterogeneity. Conclusion By providing critical insights into the complex interplay between CSCs and their cellular origins, this article aims to enhance our understanding of cancer biology and pave the way for more effective and personalized cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu
- Directorate of Postgraduate Studies, School of Clinical Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Ocean Road Cancer Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Chen-Chih Chung
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Thomas R. Pisanic
- Johns Hopkins Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology - Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexander T. H. Wu
- The Program for Translational Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Rezakhani L, Salmani S, Eliyasi Dashtaki M, Ghasemi S. Resveratrol: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and ncRNAs to Overcome Cancer Drug Resistance. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:951-961. [PMID: 37592772 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230817102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in treating cancer is the development of drug resistance, which can result in treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a polyphenolic substance called resveratrol has the ability to combat this problem by lowering cancer resistance to drugs and opening up new therapeutic options. Resveratrol alters the expression of genes related to self-renewal, modulating important signaling pathways involved in cancer initiation and CSC control. Additionally, resveratrol affects non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs which are essential for stemness, drug resistance, and other cancer-related activities. Numerous studies have shown that resveratrol has the potential to be an effective anticancer drug when used in combination therapy, but issues with absorption and pharmacokinetics still need to be resolved before it can be used in clinical applications. Reducing chemotherapy resistance by better understanding the intricate mechanisms by which resveratrol affects cancer cells and CSCs, as well as its impact on ncRNA expression, could eventually contribute to more effective cancer treatments. To completely understand these pathways and optimize the utilization of resveratrol in combination treatments, additional study is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sima Salmani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Eliyasi Dashtaki
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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4
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Tosa M, Abe Y, Egawa S, Hatakeyama T, Iwaguro C, Mitsugi R, Moriyama A, Sano T, Ogawa R, Tanaka N. The HEDGEHOG-GLI1 pathway is important for fibroproliferative properties in keloids and as a candidate therapeutic target. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1235. [PMID: 38062202 PMCID: PMC10703807 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Keloids are benign fibroproliferative skin tumors caused by aberrant wound healing that can negatively impact patient quality of life. The lack of animal models has limited research on pathogenesis or developing effective treatments, and the etiology of keloids remains unknown. Here, we found that the characteristics of stem-like cells from keloid lesions and the surrounding dermis differ from those of normal skin. Furthermore, the HEDGEHOG (HH) signal and its downstream transcription factor GLI1 were upregulated in keloid patient-derived stem-like cells. Inhibition of the HH-GLI1 pathway reduced the expression of genes involved in keloids and fibrosis-inducing cytokines, including osteopontin. Moreover, the HH signal inhibitor vismodegib reduced keloid reconstituted tumor size and keloid-related gene expression in nude mice and the collagen bundle and expression of cytokines characteristic for keloids in ex vivo culture of keloid tissues. These results implicate the HH-GLI1 pathway in keloid pathogenesis and suggest therapeutic targets of keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Tosa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Abe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Seiko Egawa
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hatakeyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Chihiro Iwaguro
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Mitsugi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Ayaka Moriyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Takumi Sano
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
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Humphries S, Bond DR, Germon ZP, Keely S, Enjeti AK, Dun MD, Lee HJ. Crosstalk between DNA methylation and hypoxia in acute myeloid leukaemia. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:150. [PMID: 37705055 PMCID: PMC10500762 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a deadly disease characterised by the uncontrolled proliferation of immature myeloid cells within the bone marrow. Altered regulation of DNA methylation is an important epigenetic driver of AML, where the hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment can help facilitate leukaemogenesis. Thus, interactions between epigenetic regulation and hypoxia signalling will have important implications for AML development and treatment. MAIN BODY This review summarises the importance of DNA methylation and the hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment in the development, progression, and treatment of AML. Here, we focus on the role hypoxia plays on signalling and the subsequent regulation of DNA methylation. Hypoxia is likely to influence DNA methylation through altered metabolic pathways, transcriptional control of epigenetic regulators, and direct effects on the enzymatic activity of epigenetic modifiers. DNA methylation may also prevent activation of hypoxia-responsive genes, demonstrating bidirectional crosstalk between epigenetic regulation and the hypoxic microenvironment. Finally, we consider the clinical implications of these interactions, suggesting that reduced cell cycling within the hypoxic bone marrow may decrease the efficacy of hypomethylating agents. CONCLUSION Hypoxia is likely to influence AML progression through complex interactions with DNA methylation, where the therapeutic efficacy of hypomethylating agents may be limited within the hypoxic bone marrow. To achieve optimal outcomes for AML patients, future studies should therefore consider co-treatments that can promote cycling of AML cells within the bone marrow or encourage their dissociation from the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Humphries
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Danielle R Bond
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Zacary P Germon
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Anoop K Enjeti
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Waratah, NSW, 2298, Australia
- New South Wales Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Matthew D Dun
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Heather J Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
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Mallet JF, Shahbazi R, Alsadi N, Saleem A, Sobiesiak A, Arnason JT, Matar C. Role of a Mixture of Polyphenol Compounds Released after Blueberry Fermentation in Chemoprevention of Mammary Carcinoma: In Vivo Involvement of miR-145. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043677. [PMID: 36835085 PMCID: PMC9966222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNA (miRNA) deregulation seem to exert a central role in breast cancer initiation and progression. Therefore, targeting epigenetics deregulation may be an effective strategy for preventing and halting carcinogenesis. Studies have revealed the significant role of naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds derived from fermented blueberry fruits in cancer chemoprevention by modulation of cancer stem cell development through the epigenetic mechanism and regulation of cellular signaling pathways. In this study, we first investigated the phytochemical changes during the blueberry fermentation process. Fermentation favored the release of oligomers and bioactive compounds such as protocatechuic acid (PCA), gallic acid, and catechol. Next, we investigated the chemopreventive potentials of a polyphenolic mixture containing PCA, gallic acid, and catechin found in fermented blueberry juice in a breast cancer model by measuring miRNA expression and the signaling pathways involved in breast cancer stemness and invasion. To this end, 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were treated with different doses of the polyphenolic mixture for 24 h. Additionally, female Balb/c mice were fed with this mixture for five weeks; two weeks before and three weeks after receiving 4T1 cells. Mammosphere formation was assayed in both cell lines and the single-cell suspension obtained from the tumor. Lung metastases were counted by isolating 6-thioguanine-resistant cells present in the lungs. In addition, we conducted RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis to validate the expression of targeted miRNAs and proteins, respectively. We found a significant reduction in mammosphere formation in both cell lines treated with the mixture and in tumoral primary cells isolated from mice treated with the polyphenolic compound. The number of colony-forming units of 4T1 cells in the lungs was significantly lower in the treatment group compared to the control group. miR-145 expression significantly increased in the tumor samples of mice treated with the polyphenolic mixture compared to the control group. Furthermore, a significant increase in FOXO1 levels was noted in both cell lines treated with the mixture. Overall, our results show that phenolic compounds found in fermented blueberry delay the formation of tumor-initiating cells in vitro and in vivo and reduce the spread of metastatic cells. The protective mechanisms seem to be related, at least partly, to the epigenetic modulation of mir-145 and its signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Mallet
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Roghayeh Shahbazi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nawal Alsadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ammar Saleem
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Agnes Sobiesiak
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - John Thor Arnason
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Natural and Synthetic Environmental Toxins, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chantal Matar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +613-562-5800 (ext. 8322)
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Cancer Stem Cell Relationship with Pro-Tumoral Inflammatory Microenvironment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010189. [PMID: 36672697 PMCID: PMC9855358 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are increasingly recognized as factors in the development of tumors. Emerging evidence indicates that CSCs are associated with cancer properties such as metastasis, treatment resistance, and disease recurrence. However, the precise interaction between CSCs and the immune microenvironment remains unexplored. Although evasion of the immune system by CSCs has been extensively studied, new research demonstrates that CSCs can also control and even profit from the immune response. This review provides an overview of the reciprocal interplay between CSCs and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, collecting pertinent data about how CSCs stimulate leukocyte reprogramming, resulting in pro-tumor immune cells that promote metastasis, chemoresistance, tumorigenicity, and even a rise in the number of CSCs. Tumor-associated macrophages, neutrophils, Th17 and regulatory T cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts, as well as the signaling pathways involved in these pro-tumor activities, are among the immune cells studied. Although cytotoxic leukocytes have the potential to eliminate CSCs, immune evasion mechanisms in CSCs and their clinical implications are also known. We intended to compile experimental findings that provide direct evidence of interactions between CSCs and the immune system and CSCs and the inflammatory milieu. In addition, we aimed to summarize key concepts in order to comprehend the cross-talk between CSCs and the tumor microenvironment as a crucial process for the effective design of anti-CSC therapies.
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8
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Roy A, Padhi SS, Khyriem I, Nikose S, Sankar S. H H, Bharathavikru RS. Resetting the epigenome: Methylation dynamics in cancer stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:909424. [PMID: 36225315 PMCID: PMC9549938 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.909424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that regulate stem cell pluripotency and differentiation has shown the crucial role that methylation plays in this process. DNA methylation has been shown to be important in the context of developmental pathways, and the role of histone methylation in establishment of the bivalent state of genes is equally important. Recent studies have shed light on the role of RNA methylation changes in stem cell biology. The dynamicity of these methylation changes not only regulates the effective maintenance of pluripotency or differentiation, but also provides an amenable platform for perturbation by cellular stress pathways that are inherent in immune responses such as inflammation or oncogenic programs involving cancer stem cells. We summarize the recent research on the role of methylation dynamics and how it is reset during differentiation and de-differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiendrila Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Transit campus (Govt. ITI Building), Berhampur, Odisha, India
- EMBL, Rome, Italy
| | - Swati Shree Padhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Transit campus (Govt. ITI Building), Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Ibakordor Khyriem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Transit campus (Govt. ITI Building), Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Saket Nikose
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harsha Sankar S. H
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Transit campus (Govt. ITI Building), Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Ruthrotha Selvi Bharathavikru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur, Transit campus (Govt. ITI Building), Berhampur, Odisha, India
- *Correspondence: Ruthrotha Selvi Bharathavikru,
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Xu L, Zhang J, Sun J, Hou K, Yang C, Guo Y, Liu X, Kalvakolanu DV, Zhang L, Guo B. Epigenetic regulation of cancer stem cells: Shedding light on the refractory/relapsed cancers. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115110. [PMID: 35640714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The resistance to drugs, ability to enter quiescence and generate heterogeneous cancer cells, and enhancement of aggressiveness, make cancer stem cells (CSCs) integral part of tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence after treatment. The epigenetic modification machinery is crucial for the viability of CSCs and evolution of aggressive forms of a tumor. These mechanisms can also be targeted by specific drugs, providing a promising approach for blocking CSCs. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in CSCs which contribute to drug resistance, quiescence and tumor heterogeneity. We also discuss the drugs that can potentially target these processes and data from experimental and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jicheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Kunlin Hou
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Chenxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Dhan V Kalvakolanu
- Greenebaum NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, and Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Baofeng Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
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10
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Zhou H, He Q, Li C, Alsharafi BLM, Deng L, Long Z, Gan Y. Focus on the tumor microenvironment: A seedbed for neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:955669. [PMID: 35938167 PMCID: PMC9355504 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.955669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a microecology consisting of tumor and mesenchymal cells and extracellular matrices. The TME plays important regulatory roles in tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and differentiation. Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) is a mechanism by which castration resistance develops in advanced prostate cancer (PCa). NED is induced after androgen deprivation therapy and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is established finally. NEPC has poor prognosis and short overall survival and is a major cause of death in patients with PCa. Both the cellular and non-cellular components of the TME regulate and induce NEPC formation through various pathways. Insights into the roles of the TME in NEPC evolution, growth, and progression have increased over the past few years. These novel insights will help refine the NEPC formation model and lay the foundation for the discovery of new NEPC therapies targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfeng Zhou
- Andrology Center, Department of Urology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiangrong He
- Andrology Center, Department of Urology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chao Li
- Andrology Center, Department of Urology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Liang Deng
- Andrology Center, Department of Urology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Long
- Andrology Center, Department of Urology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi Long, ; Yu Gan,
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi Long, ; Yu Gan,
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11
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Chen N, Peng C, Li D. Epigenetic Underpinnings of Inflammation: A Key to Unlock the Tumor Microenvironment in Glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:869307. [PMID: 35572545 PMCID: PMC9100418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults, and immunotherapies and genetic therapies for GBM have evolved dramatically over the past decade, but GBM therapy is still facing a dilemma due to the high recurrence rate. The inflammatory microenvironment is a general signature of tumors that accelerates epigenetic changes in GBM and helps tumors avoid immunological surveillance. GBM tumor cells and glioma-associated microglia/macrophages are the primary contributors to the inflammatory condition, meanwhile the modification of epigenetic events including DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, and histone methylation and deacetylases involved in this pathological process of GBM, finally result in exacerbating the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GBM. On the other hand, histone deacetylase inhibitors, DNA methyltransferases inhibitors, and RNA interference could reverse the inflammatory landscapes and inhibit GBM growth and invasion. Here, we systematically review the inflammatory-associated epigenetic changes and regulations in the microenvironment of GBM, aiming to provide a comprehensive epigenetic profile underlying the recognition of inflammation in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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12
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Tang H, Zeng Z, Shang C, Li Q, Liu J. Epigenetic Regulation in Pathology of Atherosclerosis: A Novel Perspective. Front Genet 2022; 12:810689. [PMID: 34976029 PMCID: PMC8714670 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.810689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, characterized by atherosclerotic plaques, is a complex pathological process that involves different cell types and can be seen as a chronic inflammatory disease. In the advanced stage, the ruptured atherosclerotic plaque can induce deadly accidents including ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. Epigenetics regulation, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA modification. maintains cellular identity via affecting the cellular transcriptome. The epigenetic modification process, mediating by epigenetic enzymes, is dynamic under various stimuli, which can be reversely altered. Recently, numerous studies have evidenced the close relationship between atherosclerosis and epigenetic regulations in atherosclerosis, providing us with a novel perspective in researching mechanisms and finding novel therapeutic targets of this serious disease. Here, we critically review the recent discoveries between epigenetic regulation mechanisms in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishuang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangwei Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghao Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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