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Bashyal A, Brodbelt JS. Uncommon posttranslational modifications in proteomics: ADP-ribosylation, tyrosine nitration, and tyrosine sulfation. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:289-326. [PMID: 36165040 PMCID: PMC10040477 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are covalent modifications of proteins that modulate the structure and functions of proteins and regulate biological processes. The development of various mass spectrometry-based proteomics workflows has facilitated the identification of hundreds of PTMs and aided the understanding of biological significance in a high throughput manner. Improvements in sample preparation and PTM enrichment techniques, instrumentation for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and advanced data analysis tools enhance the specificity and sensitivity of PTM identification. Highly prevalent PTMs like phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, ubiquitinylation, and methylation are extensively studied. However, the functions and impact of less abundant PTMs are not as well understood and underscore the need for analytical methods that aim to characterize these PTMs. This review focuses on the advancement and analytical challenges associated with the characterization of three less common but biologically relevant PTMs, specifically, adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation, tyrosine sulfation, and tyrosine nitration. The advantages and disadvantages of various enrichment, separation, and MS/MS techniques utilized to identify and localize these PTMs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bashyal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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2
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Zhu P, Nguyen KT, Estelle AB, Sluchanko NN, Mehl RA, Cooley RB. Genetic encoding of 3-nitro-tyrosine reveals the impacts of 14-3-3 nitration on client binding and dephosphorylation. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4574. [PMID: 36691781 PMCID: PMC9926477 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins are central hub regulators of hundreds of phosphorylated "client" proteins. They are subject to over 60 post-translational modifications (PTMs), yet little is known how these PTMs alter 14-3-3 function and its ability to regulate downstream signaling pathways. An often neglected, but well-documented 14-3-3 PTM found under physiological and immune-stimulatory conditions is the conversion of tyrosine to 3-nitro-tyrosine at several Tyr sites, two of which are located at sites considered important for 14-3-3 function: Y130 (β-isoform numbering) is located in the primary phospho-client peptide-binding groove, while Y213 is found on a secondary binding site that engages with clients for full 14-3-3/client complex formation and client regulation. By genetically encoding 3-nitro-tyrosine, we sought to understand if nitration at Y130 and Y213 effectively modulated 14-3-3 structure, function, and client complexation. The 1.5 Å resolution crystal structure of 14-3-3 nitrated at Y130 showed the nitro group altered the conformation of key residues in the primary binding site, while functional studies confirmed client proteins failed to bind this variant of 14-3-3. But, in contrast to other client-binding deficient variants, it did not localize to the nucleus. The 1.9 Å resolution structure of 14-3-3 nitrated at Y213 revealed unusual flexibility of its C-terminal α-helix resulting in domain swapping, suggesting additional structural plasticity though its relevance is not clear as this nitrated form retained its ability to bind clients. Collectively, our data suggest that nitration of 14-3-3 will alter downstream signaling systems, and if uncontrolled could result in global dysregulation of the 14-3-3 interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2011 Agricultural and Life SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Kyle T. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2011 Agricultural and Life SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Aidan B. Estelle
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2011 Agricultural and Life SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Nikolai N. Sluchanko
- Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of SciencesA.N. Bach Institute of BiochemistryMoscowRussia
| | - Ryan A. Mehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2011 Agricultural and Life SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Richard B. Cooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2011 Agricultural and Life SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
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3
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Impact of Reactive Species on Amino Acids-Biological Relevance in Proteins and Induced Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214049. [PMID: 36430532 PMCID: PMC9692786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review examines the impact of reactive species RS (of oxygen ROS, nitrogen RNS and halogens RHS) on various amino acids, analyzed from a reactive point of view of how during these reactions, the molecules are hydroxylated, nitrated, or halogenated such that they can lose their capacity to form part of the proteins or peptides, and can lose their function. The reactions of the RS with several amino acids are described, and an attempt was made to review and explain the chemical mechanisms of the formation of the hydroxylated, nitrated, and halogenated derivatives. One aim of this work is to provide a theoretical analysis of the amino acids and derivatives compounds in the possible positions. Tyrosine, methionine, cysteine, and tryptophan can react with the harmful peroxynitrite or •OH and •NO2 radicals and glycine, serine, alanine, valine, arginine, lysine, tyrosine, histidine, cysteine, methionine, cystine, tryptophan, glutamine and asparagine can react with hypochlorous acid HOCl. These theoretical results may help to explain the loss of function of proteins subjected to these three types of reactive stresses. We hope that this work can help to assess the potential damage that reactive species can cause to free amino acids or the corresponding residues when they are part of peptides and proteins.
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4
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Characterization of a novel affinity binding ligand for tyrosine nitrated peptides from a phage-displayed peptide library. Talanta 2022; 241:123225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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5
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Van Fossen EM, Grutzius S, Ruby CE, Mourich DV, Cebra C, Bracha S, Karplus PA, Cooley RB, Mehl RA. Creating a Selective Nanobody Against 3-Nitrotyrosine Containing Proteins. Front Chem 2022; 10:835229. [PMID: 35265586 PMCID: PMC8899190 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.835229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical step in developing therapeutics for oxidative stress-related pathologies is the ability to determine which specific modified protein species are innocuous by-products of pathology and which are causative agents. To achieve this goal, technologies are needed that can identify, characterize and quantify oxidative post translational modifications (oxPTMs). Nanobodies (Nbs) represent exquisite tools for intracellular tracking of molecules due to their small size, stability and engineerability. Here, we demonstrate that it is possible to develop a selective Nb against an oxPTM protein, with the key advance being the use of genetic code expansion (GCE) to provide an efficient source of the large quantities of high-quality, homogenous and site-specific oxPTM-containing protein needed for the Nb selection process. In this proof-of-concept study, we produce a Nb selective for a 3-nitrotyrosine (nitroTyr) modified form of the 14-3-3 signaling protein with a lesser recognition of nitroTyr in other protein contexts. This advance opens the door to the GCE-facilitated development of other anti-PTM Nbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise M. Van Fossen
- Oregon State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Agricultural and Life Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sonia Grutzius
- Oregon State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Agricultural and Life Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Carl E. Ruby
- Oregon State University, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Dan V. Mourich
- Oregon State University, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Chris Cebra
- Oregon State University, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Shay Bracha
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences (VSCS), Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, College Station, TX, United States
| | - P. Andrew Karplus
- Oregon State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Agricultural and Life Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Richard B. Cooley
- Oregon State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Agricultural and Life Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ryan A. Mehl
- Oregon State University, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Agricultural and Life Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States
- *Correspondence: Ryan A. Mehl,
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Overcoming Near-Cognate Suppression in a Release Factor 1-Deficient Host with an Improved Nitro-Tyrosine tRNA Synthetase. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:4690-4704. [PMID: 32569745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic code expansion (GCE) technologies incorporate non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins at amber stop codons. To avoid unwanted truncated protein and improve ncAA-protein yields, genomically recoded strains of Escherichia coli lacking Release Factor 1 (RF1) are becoming increasingly popular expression hosts for GCE applications. In the absence of RF1, however, endogenous near-cognate amber suppressing tRNAs can lead to contaminating protein forms with natural amino acids in place of the ncAA. Here, we show that a second-generation amino-acyl tRNA synthetase (aaRS)/tRNACUA pair for site-specific incorporation of 3-nitro-tyrosine could not outcompete near-cognate suppression in an RF1-deficient expression host and therefore could not produce homogenously nitrated protein. To resolve this, we used Rosetta to target positions in the nitroTyr aaRS active site for improved substrate binding, and then constructed of a small library of variants to subject to standard selection protocols. The top selected variant had an ~2-fold greater efficiency, and remarkably, this relatively small improvement enabled homogeneous incorporation of nitroTyr in an RF1-deficient expression host and thus eliminates truncation issues associated with typical RF1-containing expression hosts. Structural and biochemical data suggest the aaRS efficiency improvement is based on higher affinity substrate binding. Taken together, the modest improvement in aaRS efficiency provides a large practical impact and expands our ability to study the role protein nitration plays in disease development through producing homogenous, truncation-free nitroTyr-containing protein. This work establishes Rosetta-guided design and incremental aaRS improvement as a viable and accessible path to improve GCE systems challenged by truncation and/or near-cognate suppression issues.
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7
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Liu Y, Zhou P, Da H, Jia H, Bai F, Hu G, Zhang B, Fang J. An Azo Coupling Strategy for Protein 3-Nitrotyrosine Derivatization. Chemistry 2019; 25:11228-11232. [PMID: 31241789 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a strategy for the selective derivatization of 3-nitrotyrosine-containing proteins using the classic azo coupling reaction as the key step is described. This novel approach featured multiple advantages and was successfully applied to detect picomole levels of protein tyrosine nitration in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 708 Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Honghong Da
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huiyi Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Feifei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guodong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry &, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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8
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Porter JJ, Jang HS, Van Fossen EM, Nguyen DP, Willi TS, Cooley RB, Mehl RA. Genetically Encoded Protein Tyrosine Nitration in Mammalian Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1328-1336. [PMID: 31117397 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine nitration has served as a major biomarker for oxidative stress and is present in high abundance in over 50 disease pathologies in humans. While data mounts on specific disease pathways from specific sites of tyrosine nitration, the role of these modifications is still largely unclear. Strategies for installing site-specific tyrosine nitration in target proteins in eukaryotic cells, through routes not dependent on oxidative stress, would provide a powerful method to address the consequences of tyrosine nitration. Developed here is a Methanosarcina barkeri aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair that efficiently incorporates nitrotyrosine site-specifically into proteins in mammalian cells. We demonstrate the utility of this approach to produce nitrated proteins identified in disease conditions by producing site-specific nitroTyr-containing manganese superoxide dismutase and 14-3-3 proteins in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Porter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
| | - Hyo Sang Jang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
| | - Elise M. Van Fossen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
| | - Duy P. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
| | - Taylor S. Willi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
| | - Richard B. Cooley
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
| | - Ryan A. Mehl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-7305, United States
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9
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Hasan MM, Khatun MS, Mollah MNH, Yong C, Dianjing G. NTyroSite: Computational Identification of Protein Nitrotyrosine Sites Using Sequence Evolutionary Features. Molecules 2018; 23:E1667. [PMID: 29987232 PMCID: PMC6099560 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrotyrosine is a product of tyrosine nitration mediated by reactive nitrogen species. As an indicator of cell damage and inflammation, protein nitrotyrosine serves to reveal biological change associated with various diseases or oxidative stress. Accurate identification of nitrotyrosine site provides the important foundation for further elucidating the mechanism of protein nitrotyrosination. However, experimental identification of nitrotyrosine sites through traditional methods are laborious and expensive. In silico prediction of nitrotyrosine sites based on protein sequence information are thus highly desired. Here, we report a novel predictor, NTyroSite, for accurate prediction of nitrotyrosine sites using sequence evolutionary information. The generated features were optimized using a Wilcoxon-rank sum test. A random forest classifier was then trained using these features to build the predictor. The final NTyroSite predictor achieved an area under a receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) score of 0.904 in a 10-fold cross-validation test. It also significantly outperformed other existing implementations in an independent test. Meanwhile, for a better understanding of our prediction model, the predominant rules and informative features were extracted from the NTyroSite model to explain the prediction results. We expect that the NTyroSite predictor may serve as a useful computational resource for high-throughput nitrotyrosine site prediction. The online interface of the software is publicly available at https://biocomputer.bio.cuhk.edu.hk/NTyroSite/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehedi Hasan
- School of Life Sciences and the State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Mst Shamima Khatun
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Nurul Haque Mollah
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Cao Yong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Guo Dianjing
- School of Life Sciences and the State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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10
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Ferrer-Sueta G, Campolo N, Trujillo M, Bartesaghi S, Carballal S, Romero N, Alvarez B, Radi R. Biochemistry of Peroxynitrite and Protein Tyrosine Nitration. Chem Rev 2018; 118:1338-1408. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Campolo
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Madia Trujillo
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Silvina Bartesaghi
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sebastián Carballal
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Romero
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de
Ciencias, ‡Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, §Departamento de Bioquímica,
Facultad de Medicina, ∥Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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11
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Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Sun H, Maroto R, Brasier AR. Selective Affinity Enrichment of Nitrotyrosine-Containing Peptides for Quantitative Analysis in Complex Samples. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:2983-2992. [PMID: 28714690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine nitration by oxidative and nitrate stress is important in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory or aging-related diseases. Mass spectrometry analysis of protein nitrotyrosine is very challenging because the non-nitrated peptides suppress the signals of the low-abundance nitrotyrosine (NT) peptides. No validated methods for enrichment of NT-peptides are currently available. Here we report an immunoaffinity enrichment of NT-peptides for proteomics analysis. The effectiveness of this approach was evaluated using nitrated protein standards and whole-cell lysates in vitro. A total of 1881 NT sites were identified from a nitrated whole-cell extract, indicating that this immunoaffinity-MS method is a valid approach for the enrichment of NT-peptides, and provides a significant advance for characterizing the nitrotyrosine proteome. We noted that this method had higher affinity to peptides with N-terminal nitrotyrosine relative to peptides with other nitrotyrosine locations, which raises the need for future study to develop a pan-specific nitrotyrosine antibody for unbiased, proteome-wide analysis of tyrosine nitration. We applied this method to quantify the changes in protein tyrosine nitration in mouse lungs after intranasal poly(I:C) treatment and quantified 237 NT sites. This result indicates that the immunoaffinity-MS method can be used for quantitative analysis of protein nitrotyrosines in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.,Institute for Translational Sciences, UTMB , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.,Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, UTMB , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Yueqing Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Rosario Maroto
- Institute for Translational Sciences, UTMB , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.,Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, UTMB , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.,Institute for Translational Sciences, UTMB , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.,Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, UTMB , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
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12
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Sangsuwan R, Obermeyer AC, Tachachartvanich P, Palaniappan KK, Francis MB. Direct detection of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins using an aniline-based oxidative coupling strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10036-9. [PMID: 27447346 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04575h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient two-step method is described for the detection of nitrotyrosine-containing proteins. First, nitrotyrosines are reduced to aminophenols using sodium dithionite. Following this, an oxidative coupling reaction is used to attach anilines bearing fluorescence reporters or affinity probes. Features of this approach include fast reaction times, pmol-level sensitivity, and excellent chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapeepat Sangsuwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA.
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