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Damodaran K. Recent advances in NMR spectroscopy of ionic liquids. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 129:1-27. [PMID: 35292132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This review presents recent developments in the application of NMR spectroscopic techniques in the study of ionic liquids. NMR has been the primary tool not only for the structural characterization of ionic liquids, but also for the study of dynamics. The presence of a host of NMR active nuclei in ionic liquids permits widespread use of multinuclear NMR experiments. Chemical shifts and multinuclear coupling constants are used routinely for the structure elucidation of ionic liquids and of products formed by their covalent interactions with other materials. Also, the availability of a multitude of NMR techniques has facilitated the study of dynamical processes in them. These include the use of NOESY to study inter-ionic interactions, pulsed-field gradient techniques for probing transport properties, and relaxation measurements to elucidate rotational dynamics. This review will focus on the application of each of these techniques to investigate ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
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Honegger P, Di Pietro ME, Castiglione F, Vaccarini C, Quant A, Steinhauser O, Schröder C, Mele A. The Intermolecular NOE Depends on Isotope Selection: Short Range vs Long Range Behavior. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8658-8663. [PMID: 34472860 PMCID: PMC8436203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) is a powerful tool in molecular structure elucidation, combining the subtle chemical shift of NMR and three-dimensional information independent of chemical connectivity. Its usage for intermolecular studies, however, is fundamentally limited by an unspecific long-ranged interaction behavior. This joint experimental and computational work shows that proper selection of interacting isotopes can overcome these limitations: Isotopes with strongly differing gyromagnetic ratios give rise to short-ranged intermolecular NOEs. In this light, existing NOE experiments need to be re-evaluated and future ones can be designed accordingly. Thus, a new chapter on intermolecular structure elucidation is opened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Honegger
- Department
of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Vaccarini
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alea Quant
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Othmar Steinhauser
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Schröder
- Department
of Computational Biological Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department
of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CNR-SCITEC
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Zhu H, O'Dell LA. Nuclear magnetic resonance characterisation of ionic liquids and organic ionic plastic crystals: common approaches and recent advances. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5609-5625. [PMID: 34048516 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02151f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids, and their solid-state equivalents organic ionic plastic crystals, show many useful and tailorable properties that make them interesting for a wide range of applications including as electrolytes for energy storage devices. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and related techniques offer a powerful and versatile toolkit for the characterisation of structure, interactions and dynamics in these materials. This article summarises both commonly used methods and some recent advances in this area, including solution- and solid-state methods, dynamic nuclear polarisation, imaging, diffusion and relaxation measurements, and example applications of some less commonly studied nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijin Zhu
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3220, Australia.
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Victoria 3220, Australia.
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