1
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La Manna S, Di Natale C, Panzetta V, Leone M, Mercurio FA, Cipollone I, Monti M, Netti PA, Ferraro G, Terán A, Sánchez-Peláez AE, Herrero S, Merlino A, Marasco D. A Diruthenium Metallodrug as a Potent Inhibitor of Amyloid-β Aggregation: Synergism of Mechanisms of Action. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:564-575. [PMID: 38117944 PMCID: PMC10777406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of paddlewheel diruthenium compounds are highly dependent on the nature of the ligands surrounding the bimetallic core. Herein, we compare the ability of two diruthenium compounds, [Ru2Cl(D-p-FPhF)(O2CCH3)3]·H2O (1) (D-p-FPhF- = N,N'-bis(4-fluorophenyl)formamidinate) and K3[Ru2(O2CO)4]·3H2O (2), to act as inhibitors of amyloid aggregation of the Aβ1-42 peptide and its peculiar fragments, Aβ1-16 and Aβ21-40. A wide range of biophysical techniques has been used to determine the inhibition capacity against aggregation and the possible mechanism of action of these compounds (Thioflavin T fluorescence and autofluorescence assays, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and electron scanning microscopy). Data show that the most effective inhibitory effect is shown for compound 1. This compound inhibits fiber formation and completely abolishes the cytotoxicity of Aβ1-42. The antiaggregatory capacity of this complex can be explained by a binding mechanism of the dimetallic units to the peptide chain along with π-π interactions between the formamidinate ligand and the aromatic side chains. The results suggest the potential use of paddlewheel diruthenium complexes as neurodrugs and confirm the importance of the steric and charge effects on the properties of diruthenium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Irene Cipollone
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE
Biotecnologie
Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” S.c.a r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE
Biotecnologie
Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” S.c.a r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Aarón Terán
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana E. Sánchez-Peláez
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Herrero
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
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2
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Ehlbeck JT, Grimard DM, Hacker RM, Garcia JA, Wall BJ, Bothwell PJ, Jones MA, Webb MI. Finding the best location: Improving the anti-amyloid ability of ruthenium(III) complexes with pyridine ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 250:112424. [PMID: 37952508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurological disorder where one of the primary pathological hallmarks are aggregate deposits of the peptide amyloid-beta (Aβ). Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved therapeutics that specifically target Aβ, resulting in the removal of these deposits, the associated costs of such treatments create a need for effective, yet cheaper, alternatives. Metal-based compounds are propitious therapeutic candidates as they exploit the metal-binding properties of Aβ, forming stable interactions with the peptide, thereby limiting its aggregation and toxicity. Previously, ruthenium-based complexes have shown a strong ability to modulate the aggregation and cytotoxicity of Aβ, where the incorporation of a primary amine on the coordinated heterocyclic ligand gave the greatest activity. To determine the importance of the location of the primary amine on the pyridine ligand, thereby establishing structure-activity relationships (SAR), four complexes (RuP1-4) were prepared and evaluated for their ability to coordinate and subsequently modulate the aggregation and cytotoxicity of Aβ. Coordination to Aβ was determined using three complementary spectroscopic methods: UV-Vis, 1H NMR, and circular dichroism (CD). Similarly, the impact of the complexes on Aβ aggregation was evaluated using three sequential methods of turbidity, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Overall, the location of the primary amine on the pyridine ligand did affect the resultant anti-Aβ performance, with the 2-aminopyridine complex (RuP2) being the most active. This SAR will provide another guiding principle in the design of future metal-based anti-Aβ complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna T Ehlbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, United States of America
| | - Daniela M Grimard
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Ryan M Hacker
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America
| | - Jimmy A Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, United States of America
| | - Brendan J Wall
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, United States of America
| | - Paige J Bothwell
- Core Microscope Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, United States of America
| | - Marjorie A Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, United States of America
| | - Michael I Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454, United States of America.
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3
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Nguyen YT, Kim N, Lee HJ. Metal Complexes as Promising Matrix Metalloproteinases Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021258. [PMID: 36674771 PMCID: PMC9861486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancers and dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, are the most fatal causes of death. Many studies tried to understand the pathogenesis of those diseases clearly and develop a promising way to treat the diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been reported to be involved in the pathology of cancers and AD through tumor cell movement and amyloid degradation. Therefore, control of the levels and actions of MMPs, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9, is necessary to care for and/or cure cancer and AD. Various molecules have been examined for their potential application as regulators of MMPs expression and activity. Among the molecules, multiple metal complexes have shown advantages, including simple synthesis, less toxicity and specificity toward MMPs in cancer cells or in the brain. In this review, we summarize the recent studies and knowledge of metal complexes (e.g., Pt-, Ru-, Au-, Fe-, Cu-, Ni-, Zn-, and Sn-complexes) targeting MMPs and their potentials for treating and/or caring the most fatal human diseases, cancers and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namdoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (N.K.); (H.J.L.)
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4
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La Manna S, Leone M, Iacobucci I, Annuziata A, Di Natale C, Lagreca E, Malfitano AM, Ruffo F, Merlino A, Monti M, Marasco D. Glucosyl Platinum(II) Complexes Inhibit Aggregation of the C-Terminal Region of the Aβ Peptide. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3540-3552. [PMID: 35171608 PMCID: PMC9951207 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are often caused by uncontrolled amyloid aggregation. Hence, many drug discovery processes are oriented to evaluate new compounds that are able to modulate self-recognition mechanisms. Herein, two related glycoconjugate pentacoordinate Pt(II) complexes were analyzed in their capacity to affect the self-aggregation processes of two amyloidogenic fragments, Aβ21-40 and Aβ25-35, of the C-terminal region of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide, the major component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuronal plaques. The most water-soluble complex, 1Ptdep, is able to bind both fragments and to deeply influence the morphology of peptide aggregates. Thioflavin T (ThT) binding assays, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy indicated that 1Ptdep shows different kinetics and mechanisms of inhibition toward the two sequences and demonstrated that the peptide aggregation inhibition is associated with a direct coordinative bond of the compound metal center to the peptides. These data support the in vitro ability of pentacoordinate Pt(II) complexes to inhibit the formation of amyloid aggregates and pave the way for the application of this class of compounds as potential neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy,CEINGE
Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., “University
of Naples Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Annuziata
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica
del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University “Federico II”, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Lagreca
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), Department of Ingegneria Chimica
del Materiali e della Produzione Industriale (DICMAPI), University “Federico II”, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department
of Translational Medical Science, University
of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ruffo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy,CEINGE
Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., “University
of Naples Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy,. Tel: +39-081-674474; +39-081-3737919
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy,Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80134 Naples, Italy,. Tel: +39-081-2532043
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5
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Yawson GK, Will MF, Huffman SE, Strandquist ET, Bothwell PJ, Oliver EB, Apuzzo CF, Platt DC, Weitzel CS, Jones MA, Ferrence GM, Hamaker CG, Webb MI. A Dual-Pronged Approach: A Ruthenium(III) Complex That Modulates Amyloid-β Aggregation and Disrupts Its Formed Aggregates. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2733-2744. [PMID: 35102739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurological disorder for which soluble oligomers of the peptide amyloid-β (Aβ) are now recognized as the neurotoxic species. Metal-based therapeutics are uniquely suited to target Aβ, with ruthenium-based (Ru) complexes emerging as propitious candidates. Recently, azole-based Ru(III) complexes were observed to modulate the aggregation of Aβ in solution, where the inclusion of a primary amine proximal to the ligand coordination site improved the activity of the complexes. To advance these structure-activity relationships, a series of oxazole-based Ru complexes were prepared and evaluated for their ability to modulate Aβ aggregation. From these studies, a lead candidate, Oc, emerged that had superior activity relative to its azole predecessors in modulating the aggregation of soluble Aβ and diminishing its cytotoxicity. Further evaluation of Oc demonstrated its ability to disrupt formed Aβ aggregates, resulting in smaller amorphous species. Because altering both sides of the aggregation equilibrium for Aβ has not been previously suggested for metal-based complexes for AD, this work represents an exciting new avenue for improved therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon K Yawson
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Mark F Will
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Samantha E Huffman
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Evan T Strandquist
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Paige J Bothwell
- Core Microscope Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Ethan B Oliver
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - C Fiore Apuzzo
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - David C Platt
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Christopher S Weitzel
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Marjorie A Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Gregory M Ferrence
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Christopher G Hamaker
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Michael I Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
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6
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Meiss CJ, Bothwell PJ, Webb MI. Ruthenium(II)–arene complexes with chelating quinoline ligands as anti-amyloid agents. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent recognition of the soluble form of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide as a neurotoxic agent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has spurred the development of agents to target this species. Because Aβ is known to chelate metal ions in solution, metal-based therapeutics are uniquely suited to exploit this affinity, where coordination to Aβ has been shown to impact the neurotoxicity of the peptide. Ruthenium(II)–arene complexes are unique candidates for evaluation, as one face of the molecule is blocked by the hydrophobic arene ring, while coordination to the Aβ peptide can occur on the other side of the molecule. We have prepared and evaluated two Ru(II)–arene complexes with chelating quinoline-based ligands, Ru1 and Ru2, for their respective anti-amyloid abilities. Although both complexes decreased the aggregation of soluble Aβ, Ru1 displayed promise in disrupting formed aggregates of the peptide. These findings represent an exciting new avenue for therapeutic development in AD, where both sides of the aggregation equilibrium are affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cade J. Meiss
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, USA
| | - Paige J. Bothwell
- Core Microscope Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Michael I. Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, USA
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7
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Xie Y, Wang Y, Jiang S, Xiang X, Wang J, Ning L. Novel strategies for the fight of Alzheimer's disease targeting amyloid-β protein. J Drug Target 2021; 30:259-268. [PMID: 34435898 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1973482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is recognised as a devastating neurodegenerative disease throughout the world and lack of effective treatments, is a growing concern in modern society with a growing population of elderly patients. A growing number of studies reveal that abnormal accumulation and deposition of Aβ is responsible for AD. Inspired by this, strategies for the treatment of AD targeting-Aβ clearance have been discussed for a long period, exploring new drugs which is capable of destroying soluble Aβ oligomers and unsolvable Aβ aggregates. In this paper, results of recent clinical trials on several anti-amyloid-β drugs are presented and several emerging anti-amyloid AD therapies based on recent studies are reviewed. Furthermore, some of the current challenges and novel strategies to prevent AD are addressed. Herein, this review focuses on current pharmacotherapy of AD targeting-Aβ and intends to design a promising therapeutic agent for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Center, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Huangshan University, Huangshan, China
| | - Shangfei Jiang
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Center, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong Xiang
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Center, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linhong Ning
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Center, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
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8
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Wall BJ, Will MF, Yawson GK, Bothwell PJ, Platt DC, Apuzzo CF, Jones MA, Ferrence GM, Webb MI. Importance of Hydrogen Bonding: Structure-Activity Relationships of Ruthenium(III) Complexes with Pyridine-Based Ligands for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10124-10138. [PMID: 34197109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, where one of the pathological hallmarks of AD is extracellular protein deposits, the primary component of which is the peptide amyloid-β (Aβ). Recently, the soluble form of Aβ has been recognized as the primary neurotoxic species, making it an important target for therapeutic development. Metal-based drugs are promising candidates to target Aβ, as the interactions with the peptide can be tuned by ligand design. In the current study, 11 ruthenium complexes containing pyridine-based ligands were prepared, where the functional groups at the para position on the coordinated pyridine ligand were varied to determine structure-activity relationships. Overall, the complexes with terminal primary amines had the greatest impact on modulating the aggregation of Aβ and diminishing its cytotoxicity. These results identify the importance of specific intermolecular interactions and are critical in the advancement of metal-based drugs for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J Wall
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Mark F Will
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Gideon K Yawson
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Paige J Bothwell
- Core Microscope Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - David C Platt
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - C Fiore Apuzzo
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Marjorie A Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Gregory M Ferrence
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Michael I Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
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9
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Bataglioli JC, Gomes LMF, Maunoir C, Smith JR, Cole HD, McCain J, Sainuddin T, Cameron CG, McFarland SA, Storr T. Modification of amyloid-beta peptide aggregation via photoactivation of strained Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7510-7520. [PMID: 34163842 PMCID: PMC8171320 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive and irreversible damage to the brain. One of the hallmarks of the disease is the presence of both soluble and insoluble aggregates of the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide in the brain, and these aggregates are considered central to disease progression. Thus, the development of small molecules capable of modulating Aβ peptide aggregation may provide critical insight into the pathophysiology of AD. In this work we investigate how photoactivation of three distorted Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes (Ru1-3) alters the aggregation profile of the Aβ peptide. Photoactivation of Ru1-3 results in the loss of a 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl (6,6'-dmb) ligand, affording cis-exchangeable coordination sites for binding to the Aβ peptide. Both Ru1 and Ru2 contain an extended planar imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligand, as compared to a 2,2'-bipyridine ligand for Ru3, and we show that the presence of the phenanthroline ligand promotes covalent binding to Aβ peptide His residues, and in addition, leads to a pronounced effect on peptide aggregation immediately after photoactivation. Interestingly, all three complexes resulted in a similar aggregate size distribution at 24 h, forming insoluble amorphous aggregates as compared to significant fibril formation for peptide alone. Photoactivation of Ru1-3 in the presence of pre-formed Aβ1-42 fibrils results in a change to amorphous aggregate morphology, with Ru1 and Ru2 forming large amorphous aggregates immediately after activation. Our results show that photoactivation of Ru1-3 in the presence of either monomeric or fibrillar Aβ1-42 results in the formation of large amorphous aggregates as a common endpoint, with Ru complexes incorporating the extended phenanthroline ligand accelerating this process and thereby limiting the formation of oligomeric species in the initial stages of the aggregation process that are reported to show considerable toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza M F Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
| | - Camille Maunoir
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
| | - Jason R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
| | - Houston D Cole
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington Texas USA 76019
| | - Julia McCain
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia Canada B4P 2R6
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia Canada B4P 2R6
| | - Colin G Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington Texas USA 76019
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington Texas USA 76019
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
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10
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Manna SL, Florio D, Iacobucci I, Napolitano F, Benedictis ID, Malfitano AM, Monti M, Ravera M, Gabano E, Marasco D. A Comparative Study of the Effects of Platinum (II) Complexes on β-Amyloid Aggregation: Potential Neurodrug Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063015. [PMID: 33809522 PMCID: PMC7998721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein the effects of three platinum complexes, namely (SP-4-2)-(2,2'-bipyridine)dichloridoplatinum(II), Pt-bpy, (SP-4-2)-dichlorido(1,10-phenanthroline) platinum(II), Pt-phen, and (SP-4-2)-chlorido(2,2':6',2''-terpyridine)platinum(II) chloride, Pt-terpy, on the aggregation of an amyloid model system derived from the C-terminal domain of Aβ peptide (Aβ21-40) were investigated. Thioflavin T (ThT) binding assays revealed the ability of Pt(II) compounds to repress amyloid aggregation in a dose-dependent way, whereas the ability of Aβ21-40 peptide to interfere with ligand field of metal complexes was analyzed through UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Spectroscopic data provided micromolar EC50 values and allowed to assess that the observed inhibition of amyloid aggregation is due to the formation of adducts between Aβ21-40 peptide and complexes upon the release of labile ligands as chloride and that they can explore different modes of coordination toward Aβ21-40 with respect to the entire Aβ1-40 polypeptide. In addition, conformational studies through circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy suggested that Pt-terpy induces soluble β-structures of monomeric Aβ21-40, thus limiting self-recognition. Noticeably, Pt-terpy demonstrated the ability to reduce the cytotoxicity of amyloid peptide in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Presented data corroborate the hypothesis to enlarge the application field of already known metal-based agents to neurodegenerative diseases, as potential neurodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.M.); (D.F.); (I.D.B.)
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.M.); (D.F.); (I.D.B.)
| | - Ilaria Iacobucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., “University of Naples Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Ilaria De Benedictis
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.M.); (D.F.); (I.D.B.)
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.N.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate S.c.a r.l., “University of Naples Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Mauro Ravera
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (M.R.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Gabano
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation (DiSIT), University of Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (M.R.); (E.G.)
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.L.M.); (D.F.); (I.D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-2534512; Fax: +39-081-2534574
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Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, and the prevalence of this currently untreatable disease is expected to rise in step with increased global life expectancy. AD is a multifaceted disorder commonly characterized by extracellular amyloid–beta (Aβ) aggregates, oxidative stress, metal ion dysregulation, and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. This review will focus on medicinal inorganic chemistry strategies to target AD, with a focus on the Aβ peptide and its relation to metal ion dysregulation and oxidative stress. Multifunctional compounds designed to target multiple disease processes have emerged as promising therapeutic options, and recent reports detailing multifunctional metal-binding compounds, as well as discrete metal complexes, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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12
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Yawson GK, Huffman SE, Fisher SS, Bothwell PJ, Platt DC, Jones MA, Ferrence GM, Hamaker CG, Webb MI. Ruthenium(III) complexes with imidazole ligands that modulate the aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide via hydrophobic interactions. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 214:111303. [PMID: 33166864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by extracellular protein deposits, comprised primarily of the peptide amyloid-beta (Aβ), are a pathological indicator of the disease. Commonly known as Aβ plaques, these deposits contain a relatively high concentration of metals, making metallotherapeutics uniquely suited to target soluble Aβ, thereby limiting its aggregation and cytotoxicity. Ruthenium-based complexes are promising candidates for advancement, as the complex PMRU20 (2-aminothiazolium [trans-RuCl4(2-aminothiazole)2]) and several thiazole-based derivatives were found to prevent the aggregation of Aβ, with hydrogen-bonding functional groups improving their performance. Further investigation into the impact of the heteroatom in the azole ring on the activity of Ru complexes was achieved through the synthesis and evaluation of a small set of imidazole-based compounds. The ability of the complexes to prevent the aggregation of Aβ was determined where the same sample was subjected to analysis by three complementary methods: ThT fluorescence, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that hydrophobic interactions, along with hydrogen-bonding via the imidazole nitrogen heteroatom, promoted interactions with the Aβ peptide, thereby limiting its aggregation. Furthermore, it was found that having rapid and sequential exchange proved detrimental as it resulted in a decreased association with Aβ. These results highlight important considerations between a balance of intermolecular interactions and ligand exchange kinetics in the design of further therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon K Yawson
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Samantha E Huffman
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Samuel S Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Paige J Bothwell
- Core Microscope Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, United States of America
| | - David C Platt
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Marjorie A Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Gregory M Ferrence
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Christopher G Hamaker
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America
| | - Michael I Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160, United States of America.
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13
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Metal complexes that bind to the amyloid-β peptide of relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213255
expr 886172045 + 931245952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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14
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Gomes LM, Bataglioli JC, Storr T. Metal complexes that bind to the amyloid-β peptide of relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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