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Shawky AM, Kotp YH, Mousa MA, Aboelfadl MMS, Hekal EE, Zakaria K. Effect of titanium oxide/reduced graphene (TiO 2/rGO) addition onto water flux and reverse salt diffusion thin-film nanocomposite forward osmosis membranes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24584-24598. [PMID: 38448772 PMCID: PMC10998813 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) forward osmosis (FO) membranes have attracted significant attention due to their potential for solving global water scarcity problems. In this study, we investigate the impact of titanium oxide (TiO2) and titanium oxide/reduced graphene (TiO2/rGO) additions on the performance of TFN-FO membranes, specifically focusing on water flux and reverse salt diffusion. Membranes with varying concentrations of TiO2 and TiO2/rGO were fabricated as interfacial polymerizing M-phenylenediamine (MPD) and benzenetricarbonyl tricholoride (TMC) monomers with TiO2 and its reduced graphene composites (TiO2/rGO). The TMC solution was supplemented with TiO2 and its reduced graphene composites (TiO2/rGO) to enhance FO performance and reverse solute flux. All MPD/TMC polyamide membranes are characterized using various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements. The results demonstrate that incorporating TiO2/rGO into the membrane thin layer improves water flux and reduces reverse salt diffusion. In contrast to the TFC membrane (10.24 L m-2h-1 and 6.53 g/m2 h), higher water flux and higher reverse solute flux were detected in the case of TiO2and TiO2/rGO-merged TFC skin membranes (18.81 and 24.52 L m-2h-1 and 2.74 and 2.15 g/m2 h, respectively). The effects of TiO2 and TiO2/rGO stacking on the skin membrane and the performance of TiO2 and TiO2/rGO skin membranes have been thoroughly studied. Additionally, being investigated is the impact of draw solution concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M Shawky
- Sanitary and Environmental Institute (SEI), Housing and Building National Research Center (HBRC), Giza, 1770, Egypt.
| | - Yousra H Kotp
- Hydrogeochemistry Dept, Desert Research Center, El Mataryia, Cairo, 11753, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Mousa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Eisa E Hekal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Khaled Zakaria
- Department of Analysis and Evaluation, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Al-Senani GM, Nasr M, Zayed M, Ali SS, Alshaikh H, Abd El-Salam HM, Shaban M. Fabrication of PES Modified by TiO 2/Na 2Ti 3O 7 Nanocomposite Mixed-Matrix Woven Membrane for Enhanced Performance of Forward Osmosis: Influence of Membrane Orientation and Feed Solutions. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:654. [PMID: 37505020 PMCID: PMC10383846 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Water treatment is regarded as one of the essential elements of sustainability. To lower the cost of treatment, the wastewater volume is reduced via the osmotic process. Here, mixed-matrix woven forward osmosis (MMWFO) PES membranes modified by a TiO2/Na2Ti3O7 (TNT) nanocomposite were fabricated for treating water from different sources. Various techniques were used to characterize the TNT nanocomposite. The crystal structure of TNT is a mix of monoclinic Na2Ti3O7 and anorthic TiO2 with a preferred orientation of (2-11). The SEM image shows that the surface morphology of the TNT nanocomposite is a forked nano-fur with varying sizes regularly distributed throughout the sample. The impact of TNT wt.% on membrane surface morphologies, functional groups, hydrophilicity, and performance was investigated. Additionally, using distilled water (DW) as the feed solution (FS), the effects of various NaCl concentrations, draw solutions, and membrane orientations on the performance of the mixed-matrix membranes were tested. Different water samples obtained from various sources were treated as the FS using the optimized PES/TNT (0.01 wt.%) MMWFO membrane. Using textile effluent as the FS, the impact of various NaCl DS concentrations on the permeated water volume was investigated. The results show that the MMWFO membrane generated with the TNT nanocomposite at a 0.01 wt.% ratio performed better in FO mode. After 30 min of use with 1 M NaCl and various sources of water as the FS, the optimized MMWFO membrane provided a steady water flow and exhibited antifouling behavior. DW performed better than other water types whenever it was used owing to its greater flow (136 LMH) and volume reduction (52%). Tap water (TW), textile industrial wastewater (TIWW), gray water (GW), and municipal wastewater (MW) showed volume reductions of 41%, 34%, 33%, and 31.9%, respectively. Additionally, when utilizing NaCl as the DS and TIWW as the FS, 1 M NaCl resulted in more permeated water than 0.25 M and 0.5 M, yet a higher volume reduction of 41% was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadah M Al-Senani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat Nasr
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Zayed
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Sahar S Ali
- Chemical Engineering and Pilot-Plant Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Hind Alshaikh
- Chemistry Department, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 344, Jeddah 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanafy M Abd El-Salam
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaban
- Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, P.O. Box 170, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Zhang L, Liu F, Wang J, Lin H, Han Q. Bioinspired nanobubble water channel membranes for ultrafast osmosis desalination. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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4
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El-Sayed FM, E A Ali M, Isawi H, Abo Aly MM, Abo El-Fadl MMS. Surface modification of thin film composite forward osmosis membrane using graphene nanosheets for water desalination. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21234. [PMID: 36481778 PMCID: PMC9732056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25700-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the main motivation of this work is desalination of water for irrigation arid area such as Sidri- Baba basins- south Sinai, Egypt. Also, the novelty of this work is modification of TFC surface membrane by mix of HA, DA and GO to get high performance of FO technique. Interfacial polymerization was employed to modify a thin-film composite (TFC) membrane for forward osmosis (FO) applications; moreover, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (GONs), a dopamine solution (DA), and naturally accessible humic acid (HA) were modified on a polyethersulfone (PES) substrate. The effects of the different quantities of GO, HA, and DA on the membrane surfaces, as well as their various cross-sectional morphologies and FO-desalination capabilities, were investigated. The integrated TFC membrane containing appropriate GO, HA, and DA blends outperformed the control membrane, obtaining high water flux, and high salt rejection. Furthermore,.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed E A Ali
- Hydrogeochemistry Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Isawi
- Hydrogeochemistry Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M M Abo Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Saleem H, Goh PS, Saud A, Khan MAW, Munira N, Ismail AF, Zaidi SJ. Graphene Quantum Dot-Added Thin-Film Composite Membrane with Advanced Nanofibrous Support for Forward Osmosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12234154. [PMID: 36500777 PMCID: PMC9735732 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) technology for desalination has been extensively studied due to its immense benefits over conventionally used reverse osmosis. However, there are some challenges in this process such as a high reverse solute flux (RSF), low water flux, and poor chlorine resistance that must be properly addressed. These challenges in the FO process can be resolved through proper membrane design. This study describes the fabrication of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes with polyethersulfone solution blown-spun (SBS) nanofiber support and an incorporated selective layer of graphene quantum dots (GQDs). This is the first study to sustainably develop GQDs from banyan tree leaves for water treatment and to examine the chlorine resistance of a TFC FO membrane with SBS nanofiber support. Successful GQD formation was confirmed with different characterizations. The performance of the GQD-TFC-FO membrane was studied in terms of flux, long-term stability, and chlorine resistance. It was observed that the membrane with 0.05 wt.% of B-GQDs exhibited increased surface smoothness, hydrophilicity, water flux, salt rejection, and chlorine resistance, along with a low RSF and reduced solute flux compared with that of neat TFC membranes. The improvement can be attributed to the presence of GQDs in the polyamide layer and the utilization of SBS nanofibrous support in the TFC membrane. A simulation study was also carried out to validate the experimental data. The developed membrane has great potential in desalination and water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleema Saleem
- UNESCO Chair on Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Asif Saud
- UNESCO Chair on Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Aquib Wakeel Khan
- UNESCO Chair on Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Nazmin Munira
- UNESCO Chair on Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Syed Javaid Zaidi
- UNESCO Chair on Desalination and Water Treatment, Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +974-4403-7723
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6
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Deka P, Verma VK, Chandrasekaran A, Neog AB, Bardhan A, Raidongia K, Subbiah S. Performance of novel sericin doped reduced graphene oxide membrane for FO based membrane crystallization application. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Surface Hydrophilicity Modification of Thin-Film Composite Membranes with Metal−Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Ti-UiO-66 for Simultaneous Enhancement of Anti-fouling Property and Desalination Performance. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Xu Y, Zhu Y, Chen Z, Zhu J, Chen G. A Comprehensive Review on Forward Osmosis Water Treatment: Recent Advances and Prospects of Membranes and Draw Solutes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138215. [PMID: 35805879 PMCID: PMC9266909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an evolving membrane separation technology for water treatment and reclamation. However, FO water treatment technology is limited by factors such as concentration polarization, membrane fouling, and reverse solute flux. Therefore, it is of a great importance to prepare an efficient high-density porous membrane and to select an appropriate draw solute to reduce concentration polarization, membrane fouling, and reverse solute flux. This review aims to present a thorough evaluation of the advancement of different draw solutes and membranes with their effects on FO performance. NaCl is still widely used in a large number of studies, and several general draw solutes, such as organic-based and inorganic-based, are selected based on their osmotic pressure and water solubility. The selection criteria for reusable solutes, such as heat-recovered gaseous draw, magnetic field-recovered MNPs, and electrically or thermally-responsive hydrogel are primarily based on their industrial efficiency and energy requirements. CA membranes are resistant to chlorine degradation and are hydrophilic, while TFC/TFN exhibit a high inhibition of bio-adhesion and hydrolysis. AQPs are emerging membranes, due to proteins with complete retention capacity. Moreover, the development of the hybrid system combining FO with other energy or water treatment technologies is crucial to the sustainability of FO.
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Mamah SC, Goh PS, Ismail AF, Yogarathinam LT, Suzaimi ND, Opia AC, Ojo S, Ngwana NE. Bio‐polymer modified nanoclay embedded forward osmosis membranes with enhanced desalination performance. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Chinedu Mamah
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Skudai Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering Alex Ekwueme Federal University Achoro‐Ndiagu Nigeria
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Skudai Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Skudai Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia
| | - Lukka Thuyavan Yogarathinam
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Skudai Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia
| | - Nur Diyana Suzaimi
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Skudai Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia
| | | | - Samuel Ojo
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Skudai Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai Malaysia
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10
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Yassari M, Shakeri A, Salehi H, Razavi SR. Enhancement in forward osmosis performance of thin-film nanocomposite membrane using tannic acid-functionalized graphene oxide. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Ju H, Duan J, Lu H, Xu W. Cross-Linking With Diamine Monomers to Prepare Graphene Oxide Composite Membranes With Varying D-Spacing for Enhanced Desalination Properties. Front Chem 2021; 9:779304. [PMID: 34900938 PMCID: PMC8660854 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.779304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a new type of membrane material, graphene oxide (GO) can easily form sub-nanometer interlayer channels, which can effectively screen salt ions. The composite membrane and structure with a high water flux and good ion rejection rate were compared by the cross-linking of GO with three different diamine monomers: ethylenediamine (EDA), urea (UR), and p-phenylenediamine (PPD). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that unmodified GO mainly comprises π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds, but after crosslinking with diamine, both GO and mixed cellulose (MCE) membranes are chemically bonded to the diamine. The GO-UR/MCE membrane achieved a water flux similar to the original GO membrane, while the water flux of GO-PPD/MCE and GO-EDA/MCE dropped. X-ray diffraction results demonstrated that the covalent bond between GO and diamine can effectively inhibit the extension of d-spacing during the transition between dry and wet states. The separation performance of the GO-UR/MCE membrane was the best. GO-PPD/MCE had the largest contact angle and the worst hydrophilicity, but its water flux was still greater than GO-EDA/MCE. This result indicated that the introduction of different functional groups during the diamine monomer cross-linking of GO caused some changes in the performance structure of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ju
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinzhuo Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China
| | - Haitong Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China
| | - Weihui Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, China
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12
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Impact of a Graphene Oxide Reducing Agent on a Semi-Permeable Graphene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Forward Osmosis Membrane Filtration Efficiency. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090679. [PMID: 34564495 PMCID: PMC8472789 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Graphene has been considered as a material that may overcome the limitations of polymer semi-permeable membranes in water treatment technology. However, monolayer graphene still suffers from defects that cause leakage. Here, we report a method of sealing defects in graphene transferred onto porous polymer substrate via reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The influence of various reducing agents (e.g., vitamin C, hydrazine) on the properties of rGO was investigated by SEM, Raman, FTIR, and XRD. Subsequently, membranes based on graphene/reduced graphene oxide were tested in a forward osmosis system using sodium chloride (NaCl). The effect of the effectiveness of the reduction of graphene oxide, the type and number of attached groups, the change in the distance between the rGO flakes, and the structure of this material were examined in terms of filtration efficiency. As a result, semi-permeable centimetre-scale membranes with ion blocking efficiency of up to 90% and water flux of 20 mL h−1 m−2 bar−1 were proposed.
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Wang D, Zhang Y, Cai Z, You S, Sun Y, Dai Y, Wang R, Shao S, Zou J. Corn Stalk-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots with Abundant Amino Groups as a Selective-Layer Modifier for Enhancing Chlorine Resistance of Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:22621-22634. [PMID: 33950689 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low permeability and chlorine resistance of normal thin-film composite (TFC) membranes restrict their practical applications in many fields. This study reports the preparation of a high chlorine-resistant TFC membrane for forward osmosis (FO) by incorporating corn stalk-derived N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) into the selective polyamide (PA) layer to construct a polydopamine (PDA) sub-layer (PTFCCQD). Membrane modification is characterized by surface morphology, hydrophilicity, Zeta potential, and roughness. Results show that TFCCQD (without PDA pretreatment) and PTFCCQD membranes possess greater negative surface charges and thinner layer-thickness (less than 68 nm). With N-CQDs and PDA pretreatment, the surface roughness of the PTFCCQD membrane decreases significantly with the co-existence of microsized balls and flocs with a dense porous structure. With the variation of concentration and type of draw solution, the PTFCCQD membrane exhibits an excellent permeability with low J(reverse salt flux)/J(water flux) values (0.1-0.25) due to the enhancement of surface hydrophilicity and the shortening of permeable paths. With 16,000 ppm·h chlorination, reverse salt flux of the PTFCCQD membrane (8.4 g m-2 h-1) is far lower than those of TFCCQD (136.2 g m-2 h-1), PTFC (127.6 g m-2 h-1), and TFC (132 g m-2 h-1) membranes in FO processes. The decline of salt rejection of the PTFCCQD membrane is only 8.2%, and the normalized salt rejection maintains 0.918 in the RO system (16,000 ppm·h chlorination). Super salt rejection is ascribed to the existence of abundant N-H bonds (N-CQDs), which are preferentially chlorinated by free chlorine to reduce the corrosion of the PA layer. The structure of the PA layer is stable during chlorination also due to the existence of various active groups grafted on the surface. This study may pave a new direction for the preparation of durable biomass-derivative (N-CQD)-modified membranes to satisfy much more possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhuang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Shijie You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin 150050, China
| | - Rongyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Siliang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jinlong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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14
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Graphene Oxide-Based Membranes for Water Purification Applications: Effect of Plasma Treatment on the Adhesion and Stability of the Synthesized Membranes. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10100292. [PMID: 33080825 PMCID: PMC7602949 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The adhesion enhancement of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layer in the underlying polyethersulfone (PES) microfiltration membrane is a crucial step towards developing a high-performance membrane for water purification applications. In the present study, we modified the surface of a PES microfiltration membrane with plasma treatment (PT) carried out at different times (2, 10, and 20 min). We studied the effect of PT on the adhesion, stability, and performance of the synthesized GO/rGO-PES membranes. The membranes’ surface morphology and chemistry were characterized using atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The membrane performance was evaluated by conducting a diffusion test for potassium chloride (KCl) ions through the synthesized membranes. The results revealed that the 2 min PT enhanced the adhesion and stability of the deposited GO/rGO layer when compared to the other plasma-treated membranes. This was associated with an increase in the KCl ion rejection from ~27% to 57%. Surface morphology analysis at a high magnification was performed for the synthesized membranes before and after the diffusion test. Although the membrane’s rejection was improved, the analysis revealed that the GO layers suffered from micro/nano cracks, which negatively affected the membrane’s overall performance. The use of the rGO layer, however, helped in minimizing the GO cracks and enhanced the KCl ion rejection to approximately 94%. Upon increasing the number of rGO deposition cycles from three to five, the performance of the developed rGO-PES membrane was further improved, as confirmed by the increase in its ion rejection to ~99%.
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15
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Shen L, Huang Z, Liu Y, Li R, Xu Y, Jakaj G, Lin H. Polymeric Membranes Incorporated With ZnO Nanoparticles for Membrane Fouling Mitigation: A Brief Review. Front Chem 2020; 8:224. [PMID: 32322573 PMCID: PMC7156636 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the flexibility of operation, high removal ability, and economic cost, separation membranes have proved to be one of the most significant technologies in various aspects including water treatment. However, membrane fouling is a predominant barrier which is severely limiting the whole membrane industry. To mitigate membrane fouling, researchers have carried out several modification strategies including the incorporation of hydrophilic inorganic components. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, known as a low-cost, environment-friendly, and hydrophilic inorganic material, have been used by worldwide researchers. As claimed by the scientific literatures, ZnO nanoparticles can not only endow the polymeric membranes with antifouling performance but also supply a photocatalytic self-cleaning ability. Therefore, polymer-ZnO composite membranes were considered to be an attractive hot topic in membrane technology. In the last decades, it has been significantly matured by a large mass of literature reports. The current review highlights the latest findings in polymeric membranes incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles for membrane fouling mitigation. The membrane fouling, ZnO nanoparticles, and modification technology were introduced in the first three sections. Particularly, the review makes a summary of the reports of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-ZnO composite membranes, polyethersulfone (PES)-ZnO composite membranes, and other composite membranes incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles. This review further points out several crucial topics for the future development of polymer-ZnO composite membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zhengyi Huang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Gjon Jakaj
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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