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Svenson J, Molchanova N, Schroeder CI. Antimicrobial Peptide Mimics for Clinical Use: Does Size Matter? Front Immunol 2022; 13:915368. [PMID: 35720375 PMCID: PMC9204644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for efficient antimicrobial therapies that can alleviate suffering caused by infections from resistant bacteria is more urgent than ever before. Infections caused by multi-resistant pathogens represent a significant and increasing burden to healthcare and society and researcher are investigating new classes of bioactive compounds to slow down this development. Antimicrobial peptides from the innate immune system represent one promising class that offers a potential solution to the antibiotic resistance problem due to their mode of action on the microbial membranes. However, challenges associated with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and off-target toxicity are slowing down the advancement and use of innate defensive peptides. Improving the therapeutic properties of these peptides is a strategy for reducing the clinical limitations and synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides are emerging as a promising class of molecules for a variety of antimicrobial applications. These compounds can be made significantly shorter while maintaining, or even improving antimicrobial properties, and several downsized synthetic mimics are now in clinical development for a range of infectious diseases. A variety of strategies can be employed to prepare these small compounds and this review describes the different compounds developed to date by adhering to a minimum pharmacophore based on an amphiphilic balance between cationic charge and hydrophobicity. These compounds can be made as small as dipeptides, circumventing the need for large compounds with elaborate three-dimensional structures to generate simplified and potent antimicrobial mimics for a range of medical applications. This review highlight key and recent development in the field of small antimicrobial peptide mimics as a promising class of antimicrobials, illustrating just how small you can go.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Molchanova
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christina I. Schroeder
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
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Filatova SM, Guseva MK, Bodrova TG, Parshina DV, Budanova UA, Sebyakin YL. Evolutionary Development and Structural Diversity of Natural Antimicrobial Peptides, Peptidometics, and Cationic Amphiphiles Based on Amino Acids. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221130338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Lin M, Sun J. Antimicrobial peptide–inspired antibacterial polymeric materials for biosafety. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Wei L, Gao R, Wang M, Wang Y, Shi Y, Gu M, Cai J. Dimeric lipo-α/sulfono-γ-AA hybrid peptides as broad-spectrum antibiotic agents. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3410-3424. [PMID: 33949388 PMCID: PMC8903075 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01955k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop novel antibiotic agents that can combat emerging drug resistance. Herein, we report the design and investigation of a class of short dimeric antimicrobial lipo-α/sulfono-γ-AA hybrid peptides. Some of these peptides exhibit potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity toward both clinically related Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The TEM study suggests that these hybrid peptides can compromise bacterial membranes and lead to bacterial death. Membrane depolarization and fluorescence microscopy studies also indicate that the mechanism of action is analogous to host-defense peptides (HDPs). Furthermore, the lead compound shows the ability to effectively inhibit biofilms formed from MRSA and E. coli. Further development of the short dimeric lipo-α/sulfono-γ-AA hybrid peptides may lead to a new generation of antimicrobial biomaterials to combat drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Ruixuan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Yafeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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Wang M, Feng X, Gao R, Sang P, Pan X, Wei L, Lu C, Wu C, Cai J. Modular Design of Membrane-Active Antibiotics: From Macromolecular Antimicrobials to Small Scorpionlike Peptidomimetics. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9894-9905. [PMID: 33789422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria have emerged in recent decades, leading to escalating interest in host defense peptides (HDPs) to reverse this dangerous trend. Inspired by the modular design in bioengineering, herein we report a new class of small amphiphilic scorpionlike peptidomimetics based on this strategy. These HDP mimics show potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria without drug resistance but with a high therapeutic index. The membrane-compromising action mode was suggested to be their potential bactericidal mechanism. Pharmacodynamic experiments were conducted using a murine abscess model of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. The lead compound 12 showed impressive in vivo therapeutic efficacy with ∼99.998% (4.7log) reduction in skin MRSA burden, a significantly higher bactericidal efficiency than ciprofloxacin, and good biocompatibility. These results highlight the potential of these HDP mimics as novel antibiotic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaoqian Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511443, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ruixuan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Peng Sang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lulu Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Chao Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511443, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511443, China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Yokoo H, Hirano M, Misawa T, Demizu Y. Helical Antimicrobial Peptide Foldamers Containing Non-proteinogenic Amino Acids. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1226-1233. [PMID: 33565721 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential novel therapeutic drugs against microbial infections. Most AMPs function by disrupting microbial membranes because of their amphipathic properties and ordered secondary structures. In this minireview, we describe recent efforts to develop helical AMP foldamers containing non-proteinogenic amino acids, such as α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids, β-amino acids, γ-amino acids, side-chain stapling and N-alkyl glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Yokoo
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Motoharu Hirano
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Misawa
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
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