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Badgujar KC, Badgujar VC, Bhanage BM. Synthesis of alkyl levulinate as fuel blending agent by catalytic valorization of carbohydrates via alcoholysis: Recent advances and challenges. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang J, Xiang Z, Huang Z, Xu Q, Yin D. Recent advances on bifunctional catalysts for one-pot conversion of furfural to γ-valerolactone. Front Chem 2022; 10:959572. [PMID: 36017159 PMCID: PMC9395647 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.959572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is one of the most valuable compounds derived from furfural (FAL), which has been industrially produced from agricultural byproducts like corn cobs. It is extremely challenging to synthesize GVL from FAL efficiently via a one-pot cascade reaction due to the need for multiple active sites in a single pot. By focusing on the aspects of one-pot synthesis of GVL from FAL, the authors aim to shed light on the rational design and utilization of environmentally friendly bifunctional catalysts with high efficiency in this reaction. Perspectives regarding future research opportunities in bi- or multi-functional catalysts for one-pot GVL synthesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiong Xu
- *Correspondence: Qiong Xu, ; Dulin Yin,
| | - Dulin Yin
- *Correspondence: Qiong Xu, ; Dulin Yin,
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Zhou S, Lei M, Bai J, Liu X, Wu L, Long M, Huang K, Yin D. Titania Nanotubes-Bonded Sulfamic Acid as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of n-Butyl Levulinate. Front Chem 2022; 10:894965. [PMID: 35586268 PMCID: PMC9108267 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.894965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The titania nanotubes-bonded sulfamic acid (TNTs-NHSO3H) catalyst was designed and successfully fabricated by the post-synthesis modification method. The as-prepared catalyst was characterized by a variety of characterization techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and thermogravimetry-differential thermal gravimetry (TG-DTG). The crystal structure of the TNTs still maintained during the modification process. Although the BET surface area was decreased, the amount of Brønsted acid sites can be efficiently fabricated on the TNTs. The catalytic activity of TNTs-NHSO3H was examined for the synthesis of n-butyl levulinate (BL) from levulinic acid (LA) and furfuryl alcohol (FA). A relatively high selectivity (99.6%) at 99.3% LA conversion was achieved for esterification of levulinic acid owing to the strong Brønsted acidity sites. And also, the TNTs-NHSO3H catalyst exhibited a higher reactivity for alcoholysis of FA and the yield of BL reached 90.4% with 100% FA conversion was obtained under the mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuolin Zhou
- School of Elementary Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Shuolin Zhou, ; Xianxiang Liu,
| | - Min Lei
- School of Elementary Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Junzhuo Bai
- School of Elementary Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianxiang Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Shuolin Zhou, ; Xianxiang Liu,
| | - Lu Wu
- School of Elementary Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Long
- School of Elementary Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Keying Huang
- School of Elementary Education, Changsha Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Dulin Yin
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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