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Aziz A, Lotebulo Ndruru STC, Bundjali B, Wahyuningrum D, Arcana IM. Synthesis of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes from Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Ketones) with Partial Substitution of Carboxylate Acid Group. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Aziz
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Mulawarman Jalan Barong Tongkok Samarinda 75242 Kalimantan Timur Indonesia
| | - Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo Ndruru
- Research Center for Chemistry Research Organization for Nanotechnology and Materials National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) PUSPIPTEK Area Serpong Tangerang Selatan Banten 15314 Indonesia
| | - Bunbun Bundjali
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Deana Wahyuningrum
- Organic Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - I Made Arcana
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Jawa Barat Indonesia
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Zhang Z, Qiang J, Wang S, Xu M, Gan M, Rao Z, Tian T, Ke S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Leung CW, Mak CL, Fei L. Visualization of Bubble Nucleation and Growth Confined in 2D Flakes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103301. [PMID: 34473395 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The nucleation and growth of bubbles within a solid matrix is a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects many natural and synthetic processes. However, such a bubbling process is almost "invisible" to common characterization methods because it has an intrinsically multiphased nature and occurs on very short time/length scales. Using in situ transmission electron microscopy to explore the decomposition of a solid precursor that emits gaseous byproducts, the direct observation of a complete nanoscale bubbling process confined in ultrathin 2D flakes is presented here. This result suggests a three-step pathway for bubble formation in the confined environment: void formation via spinodal decomposition, bubble nucleation from the spherization of voids, and bubble growth by coalescence. Furthermore, the systematic kinetics analysis based on COMSOL simulations shows that bubble growth is actually achieved by developing metastable or unstable necks between neighboring bubbles before coalescing into one. This thorough understanding of the bubbling mechanism in a confined geometry has implications for refining modern nucleation theories and controlling bubble-related processes in the fabrication of advanced materials (i.e., topological porous materials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Jun Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Shensong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ferro- & Piezoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Min Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Zhenggang Rao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Tingfang Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Shanming Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Yangbo Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
| | - Yongming Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ferro- & Piezoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Chi Wah Leung
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chee Leung Mak
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linfeng Fei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Functional Thin Films, Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Two-Dimensional Materials and Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Multiscale Interdisciplinary Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China
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