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Shee NK, Kim HJ. Supramolecular Self-Assembled Nanostructures Derived from Amplified Structural Isomerism of Zn(II)-Sn(IV)-Zn(II) Porphyrin Triads and Their Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Pollutants. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1104. [PMID: 38998709 PMCID: PMC11243107 DOI: 10.3390/nano14131104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Two structural isomeric porphyrin-based triads (Zn(II)porphyrin-Sn(IV)porphyrin-Zn(II)porphyrin) denoted as T1 and T2 were prepared from the reaction of meso-[5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10,15,20-tris(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)porphyrinato]zinc(II) (ZnL) with trans-dihydroxo-[5,10-bis(3-pyridyl)-15,20-bis(phenyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) (SnP1) and trans-dihydroxo-[5,15-bis(3-pyridyl)-10,20-bis(phenyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) (SnP2), respectively. All the compounds were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, emission spectroscopy, ESI-MS, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and FE-SEM. Most importantly, the two structurally isomeric porphyrin-based triads supramolecularly self-assembled into completely different nanostructures. T1 exhibits a nanosphere morphology, whereas T2 exhibits a nanofiber morphology. The amplified geometric feature in the structural isomeric porphyrin-based triads dictates the physical and chemical properties of the two triads. Both compounds showed the morphology-dependent visible light catalytic photodegradation of rhodamine B dye (74-97% within 90 min) and tetracycline antibiotic (44-71% within 45 min) in water. In both cases, the photodegradation efficiency of T2 was higher than that of T1. The present investigation can significantly contribute to the remediation of wastewater by tuning the conformational changes in porphyrin-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hee-Joon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea;
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Oyetade JA, Machunda RL, Hilonga A. Functional impacts of polyaniline in composite matrix of photocatalysts: an instrumental overview. RSC Adv 2023; 13:15467-15489. [PMID: 37223409 PMCID: PMC10201395 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01243c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The challenges associated with photocatalysts including their agglomeration, electron-hole recombination and limited optoelectronic reactivity to visible light during the photocatalysis of dye-laden effluent make it necessary to fabricate versatile polymeric composite photocatalysts, and in this case the incredibly reactive conducting polyaniline can be employed. The selection of polyaniline among the conducting polymers is based on its proficient functional impacts in composite blends and proficient synergism with other nanomaterials, especially semiconductor catalysts, resulting in a high photocatalytic performance for the degradation of dyes. However, the impacts of PANI in the composite matrix, which result in the desired photocatalytic activities, can only be assessed using multiple characterization techniques, involving both microscopic and spectroscopic assessment. The characterization results play a significant role in the detection of possible points of agglomeration, surface tunability and improved reactivity during the fabrication of composites, which are necessary to improve their performance in the photocatalysis of dyes. Accordingly, studies revealed the functional impacts of polyaniline in composites including morphological transformation, improved surface functionality, reduction in agglomeration and lowered bandgap potential employing different characterization techniques. In this review, we present the most proficient fabrication techniques based on the in situ approach to achieve improved functional and reactive features and efficiencies of 93, 95, 96, 98.6 and 99% for composites in dye photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Akinropo Oyetade
- School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Science, Nelson Mandela African of Institution of Sciences and Technology PO Box 447 Arusha Tanzania
| | - Revocatus Lazaro Machunda
- School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Science, Nelson Mandela African of Institution of Sciences and Technology PO Box 447 Arusha Tanzania
| | - Askwar Hilonga
- School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Science, Nelson Mandela African of Institution of Sciences and Technology PO Box 447 Arusha Tanzania
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Zagorac J, Zagorac D, Šrot V, Ranđelović M, Pejić M, van Aken PA, Matović B, Schön JC. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electronic Properties of ZnO/ZnS Core/Shell Nanostructures Investigated Using a Multidisciplinary Approach. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:326. [PMID: 36614664 PMCID: PMC9822113 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanostructures, which are studied for diverse possible applications, ranging from semiconductors, photovoltaics, and light-emitting diodes (LED), to solar cells, infrared detectors, and thermoelectrics, were synthesized and characterized by XRD, HR-(S)TEM, and analytical TEM (EDX and EELS). Moreover, band-gap measurements of the ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanostructures have been performed using UV/Vis DRS. The experimental results were combined with theoretical modeling of ZnO/ZnS (hetero)structures and band structure calculations for ZnO/ZnS systems, yielding more insights into the properties of the nanoparticles. The ab initio calculations were performed using hybrid PBE0 and HSE06 functionals. The synthesized and characterized ZnO/ZnS core/shell materials show a unique three-phase composition, where the ZnO phase is dominant in the core region and, interestingly, the auxiliary ZnS compound occurs in two phases as wurtzite and sphalerite in the shell region. Moreover, theoretical ab initio calculations show advanced semiconducting properties and possible band-gap tuning in such ZnO/ZnS structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Zagorac
- Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centre of Excellence “Cextreme Lab”, Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Zagorac
- Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centre of Excellence “Cextreme Lab”, Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Šrot
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marjan Ranđelović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Pejić
- Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centre of Excellence “Cextreme Lab”, Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Peter A. van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Branko Matović
- Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Centre of Excellence “Cextreme Lab”, Materials Science Laboratory, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - J. Christian Schön
- Nanoscale Science Department, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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