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Zhang Y, Yu W, Wang M, Zhang L, Li P. Nanozyme-assisted amplification-free CRISPR/Cas system realizes visual detection. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1327498. [PMID: 38249803 PMCID: PMC10796770 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1327498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas (CRISPR associated) system has proven to be a powerful tool for nucleic acid detection due to its inherent advantages of effective nucleic acid identification and editing capabilities, and is therefore known as the next-generation of molecular diagnostic technology. However, the detection technologies based on CRISPR/Cas systems require preamplification of target analytes; that is, target gene amplification steps through isothermal amplification or PCR before detection to increase target analyte concentrations. This creates a number of testing limitations, such as extended testing time and the need for more sophisticated testing instruments. To overcome the above limitations, various amplification-free assay strategies based on CRISPR/Cas systems have been explored as alternatives, which omit the preamplification step to increase the concentrations of the target analytes. Nanozymes play a pivotal role in enhancing the sensitivity of CRISPR-based detection, enabling visual and rapid CRISPR assays. The utilization of nanozyme exceptional enzyme-like catalytic activity holds great promise for signal amplification in both electrochemical and optical domains, encompassing strategies for electrochemical signal sensors and colorimetric signal sensors. Rather than relying on converting a single detection target analyte into multiple analytes, these methods focus on signal amplification, the main mechanism of which involves the ability to form a large number of reporter molecules or to improve the performance of the sensor. This exploitation of nanozymes for signal amplification results in the heightened sensitivity and accuracy of detection outcomes. In addition to the strategies that improve sensor performance through the application of nanozymes, additional methods are needed to achieve visual signal amplification strategies without preamplification processes. Herein, we review the strategies for improving CRISPR/Cas systems that do not require preamplification, providing a simple, intuitive and preamplification-free CRISPR/Cas system detection platform by improving in-system one-step amplification programs, or enhancing nanozyme-mediated signal amplification strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanpeng Yu
- Medical Collage, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Man Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Zhang Y, Su J, Fu T, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Huang Y. Highly catalytic and stable Au@AuPt nanoparticles for visual and quantitative detection of E. coli O157:H7. Analyst 2023; 148:4279-4282. [PMID: 37581492 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
A visual and quantitative ELISA-like method for Escherichia coli O157:H7 is developed based on highly catalytic and stable Au@AuPt nanoparticles. The proposed enhanced ELISA method can visually detect 100 CFU mL-1 O157:H7 with high specificity and without the need for strict low-temperature reagent storage, thereby increasing the utility. Moreover, it is applicable to spiked tap water and milk tea samples without additional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Zhang
- Institute of Analytical Technology and Smart Instruments, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Food and Drug Safety, College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, China.
| | - Jiangshang Su
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Shuicheng Road, Jinjiang 362200, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Institute of Analytical Technology and Smart Instruments, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Food and Drug Safety, College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, China.
| | - Wanzhen Zhang
- Institute of Analytical Technology and Smart Instruments, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Food and Drug Safety, College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, China.
| | - Yujuan Xiao
- Institute of Analytical Technology and Smart Instruments, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Food and Drug Safety, College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, China.
| | - Yishun Huang
- Institute of Analytical Technology and Smart Instruments, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Food and Drug Safety, College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, Xiamen 361024, China.
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Shuicheng Road, Jinjiang 362200, China
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Yuwen T, Shu D, Zou H, Yang X, Wang S, Zhang S, Liu Q, Wang X, Wang G, Zhang Y, Zang G. Carbon nanotubes: a powerful bridge for conductivity and flexibility in electrochemical glucose sensors. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:320. [PMID: 37679841 PMCID: PMC10483845 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of nanomaterials in the biosensor field has garnered substantial attention in recent years. Initially, the emphasis was on enhancing the sensor current rather than material interactions. However, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have gained prominence in glucose sensors due to their high aspect ratio, remarkable chemical stability, and notable optical and electronic attributes. The diverse nanostructures and metal surface designs of CNTs, coupled with their exceptional physical and chemical properties, have led to diverse applications in electrochemical glucose sensor research. Substantial progress has been achieved, particularly in constructing flexible interfaces based on CNTs. This review focuses on CNT-based sensor design, manufacturing advancements, material synergy effects, and minimally invasive/noninvasive glucose monitoring devices. The review also discusses the trend toward simultaneous detection of multiple markers in glucose sensors and the pivotal role played by CNTs in this trend. Furthermore, the latest applications of CNTs in electrochemical glucose sensors are explored, accompanied by an overview of the current status, challenges, and future prospects of CNT-based sensors and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yuwen
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Danting Shu
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hanyan Zou
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shuheng Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qichen Liu
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiangxiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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Luo Q, Shao N, Zhang AC, Chen CF, Wang D, Luo LP, Xiao ZY. Smart Biomimetic Nanozymes for Precise Molecular Imaging: Application and Challenges. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:249. [PMID: 37259396 PMCID: PMC9965384 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
New nanotechnologies for imaging molecules are widely being applied to visualize the expression of specific molecules (e.g., ions, biomarkers) for disease diagnosis. Among various nanoplatforms, nanozymes, which exhibit enzyme-like catalytic activities in vivo, have gained tremendously increasing attention in molecular imaging due to their unique properties such as diverse enzyme-mimicking activities, excellent biocompatibility, ease of surface tenability, and low cost. In addition, by integrating different nanoparticles with superparamagnetic, photoacoustic, fluorescence, and photothermal properties, the nanoenzymes are able to increase the imaging sensitivity and accuracy for better understanding the complexity and the biological process of disease. Moreover, these functions encourage the utilization of nanozymes as therapeutic agents to assist in treatment. In this review, we focus on the applications of nanozymes in molecular imaging and discuss the use of peroxidase (POD), oxidase (OXD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) with different imaging modalities. Further, the applications of nanozymes for cancer treatment, bacterial infection, and inflammation image-guided therapy are discussed. Overall, this review aims to provide a complete reference for research in the interdisciplinary fields of nanotechnology and molecular imaging to promote the advancement and clinical translation of novel biomimetic nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Liang-Ping Luo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ze-Yu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Wang Q, Luo Z, Wu YL, Li Z. Recent Advances in Enzyme‐Based Biomaterials Toward Diabetic Wound Healing. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Zheng Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Yun-Long Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis, #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Singapore 138634 Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117576 Singapore
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Wang X, He X, Liu C, Zhao W, Yuan X, Li R. Progress and perspectives of platinum nanozyme in cancer therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:1092747. [DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1092747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors, one of the worst-case scenarios within human health problems, are now posing an increasing threat to the well-being of the global population. At present, the treatment of malignant tumors mainly includes surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, etc. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are often applied to inoperable tumors, and some other tumors after surgery as important adjuvant therapies. Nonetheless, both radiotherapy and chemotherapy have a series of side effects, such as radiation-induced lung injury, and chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. In addition, the positioning accuracy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not assured and satisfactory, and the possibility of tumor cells not being sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy drugs is also problematic. Nanozymes are nanomaterials that display natural enzyme activities, and their applications to tumor therapy have made great progress recently. The most studied one, platinum nanozyme, has been shown to possess a significant correlation with radiotherapy sensitization of tumors as well as photodynamic therapy. However, there are still several issues that limited the usage of platinum-based nanozymes in vivo. In this review, we briefly summarize the representative studies regarding platinum nanozymes, and especially emphasize on the current challenges and the directions of future development for platinum nanozymes therapy.
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