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Chen D, Zhu H, Lu L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Huang X, Ouyang P, Geng Y, Li Z. Identification, characterization and the inflammatory regulating effect of NOD1/2 in sturgeon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109407. [PMID: 38281612 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
As an ancient species with both conservation and commercial value, Sturgeon's inflammatory regulation mechanism is a research point. Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-containing proteins 1 and 2 (NOD1/2) are classical intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in immunity of anti-bacterial infection. However, the characterization and function of NOD1/2 in Sturgeon are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the synteny relationship of NOD1/2 genes between Acipenser ruthenus and representative fishes at the genome-level. Results showed that the ArNOD2 collinear genes pair was present in all representative fishes. The duplicated ArNOD1/2 genes were under purifying selection during evolution as indicated by their Ka/Ks values. To explore the function of NOD1/2, we further investigated their expression patterns and the effects of pathogenic infection, PAMPs treatment, and siRNA interference in Acipenser baerii, the sibling species of A. ruthenus. Results showed that both AbNOD1/2 were expressed at early developmental stages and in different tissues. Pathogenic infection in vivo and PAMPs treatment in vitro demonstrated that AbNOD1/2 could respond to pathogen stimulation. siRNA interference with AbNOD1/2 inhibited expression levels of RIPK2 and inflammatory cytokines compared to the control group after iE-DAP or MDP treatment. This study hinted that the AbNOD1/2 could stimulate the inflammatory cytokines response during evolutionary processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defang Chen
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yinqiu Chen
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Basic Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Geng
- Basic Veterinary Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiqiong Li
- Aquaculture Department, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Zheng C, Zhu Z, Weng S, Zhang Q, Fu Y, Cai X, Liu Z, Shi Y. NOD2 silencing promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits drug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23510. [PMID: 37700718 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed increasing studies on the effect of epigenetic silencing of genes in the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This study investigates whether the nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) participates in the cell apoptosis and drug resistance of CLL cells. Cells were treated with adriamycin (ADR), etoposide, aclacinomycin and daunorubicin. After treatment, drug resistance and cell proliferation were examined to detect the inhibitory effect of ADR on cell proliferation; flow cytometry to identify ADR accumulation, the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis after transfection, and rhodamine 123 accumulation and efflux tests to assess P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function. NOD2 silencing or inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway suppressed the multidrug resistance level in CLL, the inhibition rate, and cell proliferation caused by ADR at concentrations of approximately 0.25-1.5 μmol/L. Greater accumulation of ADR was observed in the CLL-AAT cell line than in the CLL-AAT/A02 cell line, but NOD2 silencing or inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway further increased the accumulation of ADR drugs in the CLL-AAT cell line and inhibited the drug efflux pump function of P-gp. Additionally, NOD2 silencing or NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition increased the apoptotic rate. The results of this study indicate that NOD2 promotes cell apoptosis and reduces the drug resistance of CLL by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Signal Transduction
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/genetics
- Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/metabolism
- Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zheng
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zongsi Zhu
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Weng
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qikai Zhang
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yixiao Fu
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Cai
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuejian Shi
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
- The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University & Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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Zhang L, Mei Q, Wang L, Guan J, Cao W, Hong N. Yak DEFB124 alleviates intestinal injury caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109531. [PMID: 36513023 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the characteristics and functions of yak β-defensin 124 (DEFB124), prokaryotic expression, analysis of gut microbiological and other methods were used in this study. The results showed that the sequence of yak DEFB124 gene was 306 bp in length and 207 bp in open reading frame, which encoded 68 amino acids. Yak DEFB124 protein was highly conserved and had the closest relationship with cattle. Yak DEFB124 protein was a secreted cationic β-defensin. The recombinant expression plasmid pET32a-DEFB124 was constructed, and an about 24 kDa protein was successfully expressed. Yak DEFB124 protein had inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and its MIC value was 64 μg/mL. After treating with yak DEFB124 protein, the activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were higher (P < 0.01) in the jejunum tissue, but the activity of lysozyme (LZM) was lower (P < 0.01). The number of goblet cells in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of the mice in the DEFB124 group was increased (P < 0.01). Besides, the expressions of MUC2 mRNA and protein were increased (P < 0.05) after the treatment with yak DEFB124 protein. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in jejunum of mice in DEFB124 group was also increased. In summary, yak DEFB124 protein could increase the number of goblet cells in mice intestine and the abundance of intestinal probiotics Lactobacillus, thereby protecting the intestinal tract and alleviating intestinal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qundi Mei
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jiuqiang Guan
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Sichuan Animal Husbandry Station, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Hong
- Sichuan Animal Husbandry Station, Chengdu 610041, China
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Xiang Y, Emu Q, Wang L, Wei Y, Xing L, Zhang L, Wang H. Analysis of spleen of mice (Mus musculus) infected with Aspergillus nidulans identifies immune-related genes. Microb Pathog 2022; 170:105705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Wang G, Fu Y, Ma K, Liu J, Liu X. NOD2 regulates microglial inflammation through the TAK1-NF-κB pathway and autophagy activation in murine pneumococcal meningitis. Brain Res Bull 2020; 158:20-30. [PMID: 32109527 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for pneumococcal meningitis, with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Microglial inflammation plays a vital role in meningitis. The peptidoglycan sensor NOD2 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2) has been identified to promote microglia activation, but the role in autophagy following pneumococcal meningitis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the role of NOD2 in microglial inflammation and autophagy, as well as related signaling pathways, during S. pneumonia infection. NOD2 expression was knocked down by the injection of lentivirus-mediated short-hairpin RNA (shRNA). Our results revealed that NOD2 promotes microglial inflammation by increasing inflammatory mediators. We also showed that the TAK1-NF-κB pathway is involved in this process. In addition, NOD2 increased the expression of autophagy-related proteins and induced autophagosome formation. Rapamycin and 3-MA were utilized to assess the role of autophagy in microglial inflammation induced by S. pneumonia. We demonstrated that autophagy serves as a cellular defense mechanism to reduce inflammatory mediators. Similar to the in vitro results, NOD2 induced inflammation and autophagy in the brain in a mouse meningitis model. Moreover, NOD2 silencing significantly reduced brain edema and improved the neurological function of pneumococcal meningitis mice. Taken together, these data demonstrate that NOD2 promotes microglial inflammation and autophagy in murine pneumococcal meningitis, and the TAK1-NF-κB pathway is involved in microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Yanan Fu
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
| | - Kun Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The Frist Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, 16766#, Jing Shi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, PR China
| | - Junli Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taian Central Hospital, 29#, Long Tan Road, Taian, Shandong, 271000, PR China
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107#, Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China.
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Khan S, Imran A, Malik A, Chaudhary AA, Rub A, Jan AT, Syed JB, Rolfo C. Bacterial imbalance and gut pathologies: Association and contribution of E. coli in inflammatory bowel disease. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 56:1-17. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2018.1517144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahanavaj Khan
- Nanomedicine Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Bioscience, Shri Ram Group of College (SRGC), Muzaffarnagar, India
| | - Ahamad Imran
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rub
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jakeera Begum Syed
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Phase I-Early Clinical Trials Unit, Oncology Department and Multidisciplinary Oncology Center Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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