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Carter MJ, Shrestha S, O’Reilly P, Gurung P, Gurung M, Thorson S, Kandasamy R, Voysey M, O’Mahony E, Kelly S, Ansari I, Shah G, Amatya P, Tcherniaeva I, Berbers G, Murdoch DR, Pollard AJ, Shrestha S, Kelly DF. Evaluation of Acute and Convalescent Antibody Concentration Against Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharides for the Diagnosis of Pneumococcal Infection in Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024; 43:e67-e70. [PMID: 38758207 PMCID: PMC10789377 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated whether the quantification of IgG to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides is an accurate diagnostic test for pneumococcal infection in children with pneumonia in Nepal. Children with pneumococcal pneumonia did not have higher convalescent, or higher fold change, IgG to pneumococcal polysaccharides than children with other causes of pneumonia. Caution is needed in interpreting antibody responses in pneumococcal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Carter
- Paediatric Intensive Care, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sonu Shrestha
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter O’Reilly
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pallavi Gurung
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Meeru Gurung
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Stephen Thorson
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Rama Kandasamy
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Sydney, Australia
| | - Merryn Voysey
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth O’Mahony
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Kelly
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Imran Ansari
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ganesh Shah
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Puja Amatya
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Irina Tcherniaeva
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Guy Berbers
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - David R. Murdoch
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Andrew J. Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shrijana Shrestha
- Pediatric Research Group, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Patan, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Dominic F. Kelly
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kim WB. Differences in Urine Microbiome of Acute Cystitis and Chronic Recurrent Cystitis in Women. UROGENITAL TRACT INFECTION 2023; 18:1-7. [DOI: 10.14777/uti.2023.18.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woong Bin Kim
- Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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Pokhrel B, Koirala T, Gautam D, Kumar A, Camara BS, Saw S, Daha SK, Gurung S, Khulal A, Yadav SK, Baral P, Gurung M, Shrestha S. Antibiotic Use and Treatment Outcomes among Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Admitted to a Tertiary Care Public Hospital in Nepal. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:55. [PMID: 33923973 PMCID: PMC8167730 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of growing antimicrobial resistance, there is a concern about the effectiveness of first-line antibiotics such as ampicillin in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. In this study, we describe antibiotic use and treatment outcomes among under-five children with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to a tertiary care public hospital in Nepal from 2017 to 2019. In this cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of hospital data, there were 659 patients and 30% of them had a history of prehospital antibiotic use. Irrespective of prehospital antibiotic use, ampicillin monotherapy (70%) was the most common first-line treatment provided during hospitalization followed by ceftriaxone monotherapy (12%). The remaining children (18%) were treated with various other antibiotics alone or in combination as first-line treatment. Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as linezolid, vancomycin, and meropenem were used in less than 1% of patients. Overall, 66 (10%) children were required to switch to second-line treatment and only 7 (1%) children were required to switch to third-line treatment. Almost all (99%) children recovered without any sequelae. This study highlights the effectiveness of ampicillin monotherapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children in a non-intensive care unit setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhishma Pokhrel
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Tapendra Koirala
- Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Dipendra Gautam
- World Health Emergencies Program, WHO Country Office, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal;
| | - Ajay Kumar
- International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, South-East Asia Office, New Delhi 110016, India;
- International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 75006 Paris, France
- Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Bienvenu Salim Camara
- Central National de Formation et de Recherche en Santé Rurale de Maferinyah, Forécariah 4090, Guinea;
| | - Saw Saw
- Department of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Sports, Yangon 05081, Myanmar;
| | - Sunil Kumar Daha
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sunaina Gurung
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Animesh Khulal
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonu Kumar Yadav
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Pinky Baral
- Modern Technical College, Sanepa, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal;
| | - Meeru Gurung
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
| | - Shrijana Shrestha
- Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal; (S.K.D.); (S.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.Y.); (M.G.); (S.S.)
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