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Tu S, Huang Y, Tian H, Xu L, Wang X, Huang L, Lei X, Xu Z, Liu D. Berberine enhances the function of intestinal stem cells in healthy and radiation-injured mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112278. [PMID: 38815353 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are pivotal for the maintenance and regeneration of the intestinal epithelium. Berberine (BBR) exhibits diverse biological activities, but it remains unclear whether BBR can modulate ISCs' function. Therefore, we investigated the effects of BBR on ISCs in healthy and radiation-injured mice and explored the potential underlying mechanisms involved. The results showed that BBR significantly increased the length of the small intestines, the height of the villi, and the depth and density of the crypts, promoted the proliferation of cryptal epithelial cells and increased the number of OLFM4+ ISCs and goblet cells. Crypts from the BBR-treated mice were more capable of growing into enteroids than those from untreated mice. BBR alleviated WAI-induced intestinal injury. BBR suppressed the apoptosis of crypt epithelial cells, increased the quantity of goblet cells, and increased the quantity of OLFM4+ ISCs and tdTomato+ progenies of ISCs after 8 Gy WAI-induced injury. Mechanistically, BBR treatment caused a significant increase in the quantity of p-S6, p-STAT3 and p-ERK1/2 positive cryptal epithelial cells under physiological conditions and after WAI-induced injury. In conclusion, BBR is capable of enhancing the function of ISCs either physiologically or after radiation-induced injury, indicating that BBR has potential value in the treatment of radiation-induced intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hefei Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Huang
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xudan Lei
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenni Xu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dengqun Liu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Lu HA, Wang YM, Chih Chen W, Wu CN, Lu YT, Wee Y, Wang CS, Dean Luo S. Post-irradiation dysbiosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma having received radiotherapy - A pilot study. Oral Oncol 2024; 154:106864. [PMID: 38824812 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the changes in the sinonasal mucosa microbiome in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) before and after radiotherapy (RT), and to explore the pathogenesis of post-irradiation chronic rhinosinusitis (PI-CRS) and its association with dysbiosis. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Unicenter, Tertiary referral hospital. METHODS Included patients newly diagnosed with NPC. Samples of ostiomeatal complex mucosa were collected before and after RT. Microbiome analysis was conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing, and statistical analysis was performed. Subgroup analyses based on RT modality (proton therapy or photon therapy) RESULTS: Total of 18 patients were enrolled in the study, with 62.1% receiving intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). Corynebacterium was the most dominant genus identified in both the pre- and post-RT groups, with a visible increase in Staphylococcus and a decrease in Fusobacterium genus in post-RT group. Alpha-diversity did not significantly differ between groups, although the beta-diversity analysis revealed a dispersed microbiota in the post-RT group. The functional prediction indicated a higher relative abundance of taxonomies associated with biofilm formation in the post-RT group. The subgroup analysis revealed the above changes to be more significant in patients who received photon therapy (Intensity modulated radiation therapy, IMRT). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to analyze the microbiome of patients with NPC after IMPT. We identified similarities between the post-RT microenvironment and that reported in patients with CRS, with a more apparent change noted in patients treated with IMRT. Further investigation is required to further elucidate the pathogenesis of PI-CRS and its relationship to post-RT dysbiosis, particularly IMPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-An Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Proton and Radiation Therapy Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chih Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Nung Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan; Department of Otolaryngology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yinshen Wee
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ching-Shuen Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Dean Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
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Liu ZH, Ai S, Xia Y, Wang HL. Intestinal toxicity of Pb: Structural and functional damages, effects on distal organs and preventive strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172781. [PMID: 38685433 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most common heavy metal pollutants that possesses multi-organ toxicity. For decades, great efforts have been devoted to investigate the damage of Pb to kidney, liver, bone, blood cells and the central nervous system (CNS). For the common, dietary exposure is the main avenue of Pb, but our knowledge of Pb toxicity in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) remains quite insufficient. Importantly, emerging evidence has documented that gastrointestinal disorders affect other distal organs like brain and liver though gut-brain axis or gut-liver axis, respectively. This review focuses on the recent understanding of intestinal toxicity of Pb exposure, including structural and functional damages. We also review the influence and mechanism of intestinal toxicity on other distal organs, mainly concentrated on brain and liver. At last, we summarize the bioactive substances that reported to alleviate Pb toxicity, providing potential dietary intervention strategies to prevent or attenuate Pb toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Shu Ai
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yanzhou Xia
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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Liu B, Yang H, Liao Q, Wang M, Huang J, Xu R, Shan Z, Zhong H, Li T, Li C, Fu Y, Rong X. Altered gut microbiota is associated with the formation of occult hepatitis B virus infection. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0023924. [PMID: 38785430 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00239-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a common blood transmission pathogen worldwide, can lead to viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and other liver diseases. In particular, occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) may be caused by an immune response leading to suppressed virus replication. Gut microbiota can change the immunity status of the human body and, therefore, affect the replication of HBV. Thus, to identify whether there are differences in gut microbiota between HBV carriers and OBI carriers, we collected fecal samples from 18 HBV carriers, 24 OBI blood donors, and also 20 healthy blood donors as negative control. After 16S sequencing, we found that the abundance of Faecalibacterium was significantly reduced in samples from OBI blood donors compared with those from healthy blood donors. Compared with samples from HBV carriers, the samples from OBI blood donors had a significantly increased abundance of Subdoligranulum, which might stimulate immune activation, thus inhibiting HBV replication and contributing to the formation of occult infection. Our findings revealed the potential role of gut microbiota in the formation of OBI and further provided a novel strategy for the treatment of HBV infection.IMPORTANCEOccult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is a special form of hepatitis B virus infection with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negative. Gut microbiota may contribute to the immune response leading to suppressed virus replication and, thus, participates in the development of OBI. The study on gut microbiota of OBI blood donors provides novel data considerably advancing our understanding of the immune mechanism for the determination of occult hepatitis B virus infection, which is helpful for improving the strategy of the treatment of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hualong Yang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Liao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieting Huang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ru Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengang Shan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huishan Zhong
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengyao Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongshui Fu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Rong
- Institute of Blood Transfusion and Hematology, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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He J, Jiang P, Ma L, Liu F, Fu P, Du X, Xu Z, Xu J, Cheng L, Wang Z, Li C, Liu D. Intravenous immunoglobulin protects the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier and inhibits ferroptosis induced by radiation exposure by activating the mTOR pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111908. [PMID: 38518594 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Radiation exposure often leads to serious health problems in humans. The intestinal epithelium is sensitive to radiation damage, and radiation causes destruction of the intestinal epithelial barrier, which leads to radiation enteritis (RE), the loss of fluids, and the translocation of intestinal bacteria and toxins; radiation can even threaten survival. In this study, we aimed to explore the influence of IVIg on the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier after RE. Using a RE mouse model, we investigated the protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) on the epithelial junctions of RE mice and validated these findings with intestinal organoids cultured in vitro. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blotting (WB) and immunostaining were used to further investigate changes in intestinal epithelial ferroptosis and related signaling pathways. When RE occurs, the intestinal epithelial barrier is severely damaged. IVIg treatment significantly ameliorated this damage to epithelial tight junctions both in vivo and in vitro. Notably, IVIg alleviated RE by inhibiting intestinal epithelial ferroptosis in RE mice. Mechanistically, IVIg promoted activation of the mTOR pathway and inhibited ferroptosis in the intestinal epithelium of mice. Rapamycin, which is a potent inhibitor of the mTOR protein, significantly abolished the protective effect of IVIg against radiation-induced damage to intestinal epithelial tight junctions. Overall, IVIg can prevent RE-induced damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier and inhibit ferroptosis by activating the mTOR pathway; this study provides a new treatment strategy for patients with RE caused by radiotherapy or accidental nuclear exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China
| | - Fengjuan Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China
| | - Xi Du
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China
| | - Zhenni Xu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Shanghai RAAS Blood Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201401, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Shanghai RAAS Blood Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201401, China
| | - Zongkui Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China.
| | - Changqing Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610052, China.
| | - Dengqun Liu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
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Su C, Lin D, Huang X, Feng J, Jin A, Wang F, Lv Q, Lei L, Pan W. Developing hydrogels for gene therapy and tissue engineering. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:182. [PMID: 38622684 PMCID: PMC11017488 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are a class of highly absorbent and easily modified polymer materials suitable for use as slow-release carriers for drugs. Gene therapy is highly specific and can overcome the limitations of traditional tissue engineering techniques and has significant advantages in tissue repair. However, therapeutic genes are often affected by cellular barriers and enzyme sensitivity, and carrier loading of therapeutic genes is essential. Therapeutic gene hydrogels can well overcome these difficulties. Moreover, gene-therapeutic hydrogels have made considerable progress. This review summarizes the recent research on carrier gene hydrogels for the treatment of tissue damage through a summary of the most current research frontiers. We initially introduce the classification of hydrogels and their cross-linking methods, followed by a detailed overview of the types and modifications of therapeutic genes, a detailed discussion on the loading of therapeutic genes in hydrogels and their characterization features, a summary of the design of hydrogels for therapeutic gene release, and an overview of their applications in tissue engineering. Finally, we provide comments and look forward to the shortcomings and future directions of hydrogels for gene therapy. We hope that this article will provide researchers in related fields with more comprehensive and systematic strategies for tissue engineering repair and further promote the development of the field of hydrogels for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Dini Lin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Anqi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Qizhuang Lv
- College of Biology & Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Wenjie Pan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325200, China.
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Tang R, Yin J, Liu Y, Xue J. FLASH radiotherapy: A new milestone in the field of cancer radiotherapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216651. [PMID: 38342233 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays a pivotal role in the control and eradication of tumors, but it can also induce radiation injury to surrounding normal tissues while targeting tumor cells. In recent years, FLASH-Radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) has emerged as a cutting-edge research focus in the field of radiation therapy. By delivering high radiation doses to the treatment target in an ultra-short time, FLASH-RT produces the FLASH effect, which reduces the toxicity to normal tissues while achieving comparable tumor control efficacy to conventional radiotherapy. This review provides a brief overview of the development history of FLASH-RT and its impact on tumor control. Additionally, it focuses on introducing the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of this technology on various normal tissues, as well as exploring its synergistic effects when combined with other tumor therapies. Importantly, this review discusses the challenges faced in translating FLASH-RT into clinical practice and outlines its promising future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China; Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianqiong Yin
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanxin Liu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Disaster Medical Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Zhao G, He Y, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Li C, Xiong T, Han S, He Y, Gao J, Su Y, Wang J, Wang C. Application of a derivative of human defensin 5 to treat ionizing radiation-induced enterogenic infection. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:194-204. [PMID: 38264835 PMCID: PMC10959430 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Enterogenic infection is a common complication for patients with radiation injury and requires efficient therapeutics in the clinic. Herein, we evaluated the promising drug candidate T7E21RHD5, which is a peptide derived from intestinal Paneth cell-secreted human defensin 5. Oral administration of this peptide alleviated the diarrhea symptoms of mice that received total abdominal irradiation (TAI, γ-ray, 12 Gy) and improved survival. Pathologic analysis revealed that T7E21RHD5 elicited an obvious mitigation of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced epithelial damage and ameliorated the reduction in the levels of claudin, zonula occluden 1 and occludin, three tight junction proteins in the ileum. Additionally, T7E21RHD5 regulated the gut microbiota in TAI mice by remodeling β diversity, manifested as a reversal of the inverted proportion of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes caused by IR. T7E21RHD5 treatment also decreased the abundance of pathogenic Escherichia-Shigella but significantly increased the levels of Alloprevotella and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31, two short-chain fatty acid-producing bacterial genera in the gut. Accordingly, the translocation of enterobacteria and lipopolysaccharide to the blood, as well as the infectious inflammatory responses in the intestine after TAI, was all suppressed by T7E21RHD5 administration. Hence, this versatile antimicrobial peptide possesses promising application prospects in the treatment of IR-induced enterogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaomei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yingjuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yiyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chenwenya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Tainong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Songling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongwu He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jining Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
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Tao P, Liu H, Hou G, Lu J, Xu Y. Kangxianling formula attenuates renal fibrosis by regulating gut microbiota. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:183. [PMID: 38500195 PMCID: PMC10949625 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal fibrosis (RF) produced adverse effect on kidney function. Recently, intestinal dysbiosis is a key regulator that promotes the formation of renal fibrosis. This study will focus on exploring the protective mechanism of Kangxianling Formula (KXL) on renal fibrosis from the perspective of intestinal flora. METHODS Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) was used to construct rats' model with RF, and receive KXL formula intervention for 1 week. The renal function indicators were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson and Sirus red staining were employed to detect the pathological changes of renal tissue in each group. The expression of α-SMA, Col-III, TGF-β, FN, ZO-1, and Occuludin was detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Rat feces samples were collected and analyzed for species' diversity using high-throughput sequencing 16S rRNA. RESULTS Rats in UUO groups displayed poor renal function as well as severe RF. The pro-fibrotic protein expression in renal tissues including α-SMA, Col-III, TGF-β and FN was increased in UUO rats, while ZO-1 and Occuludin -1 expression was downregulated in colon tissues. The above changes were attenuated by KXL treatment. 16S rRNA sequencing results revealed that compared with the sham group, the increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria including Acinetobacter, Enterobacter and Proteobacteria and the decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria including Actinobacteriota, Bifidobacteriales, Prevotellaceae, and Lactobacillus were found in UUO group. After the administration of KXL, the growth of potential pathogenic bacteria was reduced and the abundance of beneficial bacteria was enhanced. CONCLUSION KXL displays a therapeutical potential in protecting renal function and inhibiting RF, and its mechanism of action may be associated with regulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, China
| | - Guangjian Hou
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jianrao Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yukun Xu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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10
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Zhu X, Li Y, Tian X, Jing Y, Wang Z, Yue L, Li J, Wu L, Zhou X, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Guan F, Yang M, Zhang B. REGγ Mitigates Radiation-Induced Enteritis by Preserving Mucin Secretion and Sustaining Microbiome Homeostasis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00077-4. [PMID: 38423356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Radiation-induced enteritis, a significant concern in abdominal radiation therapy, is associated closely with gut microbiota dysbiosis. The critical mucus layer plays a pivotal role in preventing the translocation of commensal and pathogenic microbes. Although the significant expression of REGγ in intestinal epithelial cells is well established, its role in modulating the mucus layer and gut microbiota remains enigmatic. The current study revealed notable changes in gut microorganisms and metabolites in irradiated mice lacking REGγ, as opposed to wild-type mice. Concomitant with gut microbiota dysbiosis, REGγ deficiency facilitated the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, thereby exacerbating intestinal inflammation after irradiation. Furthermore, fluorescence in situ hybridization assays unveiled an augmented proximity of bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells in REGγ knockout mice after irradiation. Mechanistically, deficiency of REGγ led to diminished goblet cell populations and reduced expression of key goblet cell markers, Muc2 and Tff3, observed in both murine models, minigut organoid systems and human intestinal goblet cells, indicating the intrinsic role of REGγ within goblet cells. Interestingly, although administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics did not impact the alteration of goblet cell numbers and MUC2 secretion, it effectively attenuated inflammation levels in the ileum of irradiated REGγ absent mice, aligning them with their wild-type counterparts. Collectively, these findings highlight the crucial contribution of REGγ in counteracting radiation-triggered microbial imbalances and cell-autonomous regulation of mucin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhan Zhu
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ya Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chronic Liver Injury, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Jing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Yue
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuchang Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Xuchang, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinkui Zhou
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidan Yu
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaodong Zhang
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Minglei Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Wang Y, Wang X, Zhu YC, Wang D, Lv L, Chen L, Jin Y. Co-exposure ochratoxin A and triadimefon influenced the hepatic glucolipid metabolism and intestinal micro-environment in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169339. [PMID: 38103602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin, and triadimefon (TDF) is a triazole fungicide. These compounds are prevalent in the environment, and their residues have been detected in crops. However, the precise health risks associated with mycotoxins and fungicides are not fully elucidated. In this work, five-week-old mice were gavage with OTA (0.3 and 1.5 mg/kg/day), TDF (10 and 50 mg/kg/day), and OTA + TDF (0.3 + 10 and 1.5 + 50 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Exposure to OTA, TDF, and OTA + TDF led to significant alterations in liver total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and glucose (GLU) levels, as well as in genes associated with glycolipid metabolism in mice. Reduced acylcarnitine levels in serum indicated that OTA, TDF, and co-exposure inhibited fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation. Furthermore, OTA and TDF disrupted the integrality of the gut barrier function and altered the structure of the intestinal microbiota. These findings suggested that OTA, TDF, and their co-exposure might disrupt the intestinal barrier, alter the structure of the microbiota, and subsequently inhibit FA β-oxidation, indicating the interference of OTA and TDF with glycolipid-related intestinal barrier dysfunction. Moreover, our data revealed a toxic additive effect between OTA and TDF, providing a foundation for assessing the combined toxicity risk of mycotoxins and fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhu
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Liezhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, PR China.
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12
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Wang X, Zhou G, Lin J, Qin T, Du J, Guo L, Lai P, Jing Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Ding G. Effects of radiofrequency field from 5G communication on fecal microbiome and metabolome profiles in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3571. [PMID: 38347014 PMCID: PMC10861445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of 5G networks, the influence of the radiofrequency field (RF) generated from 5G communication equipment on human health is drawing increasing attention in public. The study aimed at assessing the effects of long-term exposure to 4.9 GHz (one of the working frequencies of 5G communication) RF field on fecal microbiome and metabolome profiles in adult male C57BL/6 mice. The animals were divided into Sham group and radiofrequency group (RF group). For RF group, the mice were whole body exposed to 4.9 GHz RF field for three weeks, 1 h/d, at average power density (PD) of 50 W/m2. After RF exposure, the mice fecal samples were collected to detect gut microorganisms and metabolites by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS method, respectively. The results showed that intestinal microbial compositions were altered in RF group, as evidenced by reduced microbial diversity and changed microbial community distribution. Metabolomics profiling identified 258 significantly differentially abundant metabolites in RF group, 57 of which can be classified to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Besides, functional correlation analysis showed that changes in gut microbiota genera were significantly correlated with changes in fecal metabolites. In summary, the results suggested that altered gut microbiota and metabolic profile are associated with 4.9 GHz radiofrequency exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guiqiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
- School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jiajin Lin
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Tongzhou Qin
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Junze Du
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Panpan Lai
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuntao Jing
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaowen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China.
| | - Guirong Ding
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China.
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13
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Lu Q, Liang Y, Tian S, Jin J, Zhao Y, Fan H. Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury: Injury Mechanism and Potential Treatment Strategies. TOXICS 2023; 11:1011. [PMID: 38133412 PMCID: PMC10747544 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is one of the most common intestinal complications caused by radiotherapy for pelvic and abdominal tumors and it seriously affects the quality of life of patients. However, the treatment of acute RIII is essentially symptomatic and nutritional support treatment and an ideal means of prevention and treatment is lacking. Researchers have conducted studies at the cellular and animal levels and found that some chemical or biological agents have good therapeutic effects on RIII and may be used as potential candidates for clinical treatment. This article reviews the injury mechanism and potential treatment strategies based on cellular and animal experiments to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of RIII in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Lu
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yangfan Liang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sijia Tian
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Q.L.); (Y.L.); (S.T.); (J.J.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
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14
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He KY, Lei XY, Wu DH, Zhang L, Li JQ, Li QT, Yin WT, Zhao ZL, Liu H, Xiang XY, Zhu LJ, Cui CY, Wang KK, Wang JH, Lv L, Sun QH, Liu GL, Xu ZX, Jian YP. Akkermansia muciniphila protects the intestine from irradiation-induced injury by secretion of propionic acid. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2293312. [PMID: 38087436 PMCID: PMC10730217 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2293312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis frequently occurs in abdominal radiotherapy and contributes to irradiation (IR)-induced intestinal damage and inflammation. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a recently characterized probiotic, which is critical for maintaining the dynamics of the intestinal mucus layer and preserving intestinal microbiota homeostasis. However, the role of A. muciniphila in the alleviation of radiation enteritis remains unknown. In this study, we reported that the abundance of A. muciniphila was markedly reduced in the intestines of mice exposed to abdominal IR and in the feces of patients who received abdominal radiotherapy. Abundance of A. muciniphila in feces of radiotherapy patients was negatively correlated with the duration of diarrhea in patients. Administration of A. muciniphila substantially mitigated IR-induced intestinal damage and prevented mouse death. Analyzing the metabolic products of A. muciniphila revealed that propionic acid, a short-chain fatty acid secreted by the microbe, mediated the radioprotective effect. We further demonstrated that propionic acid bound to G-protein coupled receptor 43 (GRP43) on the surface of intestinal epithelia and increased histone acetylation and hence enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 and elevated the level of mucins, leading to enhanced integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier and reduced radiation-induced intestinal damage. Metformin, a first-line agent for the treatment of type II diabetes, promoted intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and reduced radiation intestinal damage through increasing the abundance of A. muciniphila. Together, our results demonstrated that A. muciniphila plays a critical role in the reduction of abdominal IR-induced intestinal damage. Application of probiotics or their regulators, such as metformin, could be an effective treatment for the protection of radiation exposure-damaged intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue He
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Lei
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Dan-Hui Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Jun-Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Qiu-Tong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Tao Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zi-Long Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Huai Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiong-Yan Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ling-Jun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Cui-Yun Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Hui Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Guo-Long Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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15
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Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Han K, Ma J, Xiong Y, Wang G, Luan X. Human placental mesenchymal stromal cells modulate IFN-γ and IL-10 secretion by CD4 +T cells via CD73, and alleviate intestinal damage in mice with graft-versus-host disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110767. [PMID: 37657243 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal inflammatory damage is an important factor in the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). IFN-γ and IL-10 play key roles in gastrointestinal inflammation, and human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (hPMSCs) can alleviate inflammatory damage during GVHD. CD73 is highly expressed by hPMSCs. We aimed to study whether hPMSCs could alleviate intestinal damage in GVHD mice by modulating IFN-γ and IL-10 in CD4+T cells by CD73. METHODS A GVHD mouse model was induced using 8-week-old C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice, which were treated with regular hPMSCs (hPMSCs) or hPMSCs expressing low level of CD73 (shCD73). Then, the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in CD4+T cells were determined using flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, and morphological staining were employed to observe the intestinal damage. RESULTS hPMSCs ameliorated pathological damage and inhibited the reduction of the tight junction molecules occludin and ZO-1. They also downregulated IFN-γ and upregulated IL-10 secretion in CD4+T cells via CD73. Moreover, IL-10 mitigated the inhibitory effects of IFN-γ on the expression of occludin in both Caco-2 and NCM460 cells in vitro, but did not affect ZO-1. In addition, hPMSCs upregulated the level of AMPK phosphorylation in CD4+T cells by CD73, which is positively associated with the proportion of CD4+IFN-γ+IL-10+T, and CD4+IFN-γ-IL-10+T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that hPMSCs may balance the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in CD4+T cells by promoting the phosphorylation of AMPK via CD73, which alleviates the loss of occludin and ZO-1 in intestinal epithelial cells and, in turn, reduces inflammatory injury in GVHD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashen Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264003, China
| | - Yaxuan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264003, China
| | - Hengchao Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264003, China
| | - Kaiyue Han
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264003, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, China
| | - Yanlian Xiong
- Department of Anatomy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264003, China
| | - Guoyan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264100, China.
| | - Xiying Luan
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264003, China.
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Deng L, Wang S, Leng X, Yao P, Li C, Zheng Y. Combining network pharmacology and in vitro and in vivo experiments to study the mechanism of Keluoxin in the treatment of radiation nephropathy†. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2023; 64:769-782. [PMID: 37429602 PMCID: PMC10516735 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Radiation nephropathy refers to kidney damage caused by radiation therapy for malignant tumours. Currently, the pathogenesis is unclear and there is a lack of effective treatment methods. With the development of traditional Chinese medicine, the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the protection of radiation nephropathy is receiving increasing attention. Therefore, in this study, we used X-ray intraperitoneal irradiation to construct a mouse model of radiation nephropathy and studied the protective effect of traditional Chinese medicine Keluoxin on radiation nephropathy. We first analysed the potential targets and pathways of Keluoxin in the treatment of radiation nephropathy using network pharmacology methods, combined with in vitro and in vivo experimental verification, to study its potential mechanism. By searching the database, 136 components of Keluoxin were identified. A total of 333 intersectional targets related to radiation nephropathy were obtained. Among them, key targets include IL-6, TNF-α, HIF-1α, STAT1, STAT3, JAK1, JAK2, etc. In in vivo and in vitro experiments, we found that as the irradiation dose increased and time prolonged, kidney damage in mice gradually worsened in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. As the irradiation dose increases, the expression of pro-inflammatory factors Il-6, TNF-α, TGF-β increased. Compared with the irradiation group, the intervention of Keluoxin can reduce kidney damage caused by X-ray irradiation and reduce the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, STAT1, STAT3, JAK1, JAK2, etc. These results indicated that Keluoxin can alleviate kidney damage caused by X-ray irradiation, possibly by regulating the JAK/STAT signalling pathway, reducing inflammation levels and oxidative stress damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Nephrology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China, No. 4, North Section 4, Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610057, China
| | - Shaoqing Wang
- Nephrology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China, No. 4, North Section 4, Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610057, China
| | - Xingli Leng
- Nephrology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China, No. 4, North Section 4, Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610057, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Nephrology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China, No. 4, North Section 4, Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610057, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Physical Examination Center of General Hospital of Western Warzone, China, No. 270 Tianhui Road, Rongdu Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610083, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Nephrology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China, No. 4, North Section 4, Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610057, China
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Cui W, Hull L, Zizzo A, Wang L, Lin B, Zhai M, Xiao M. The gut microbiome changes in wild type and IL-18 knockout mice after 9.0 Gy total body irradiation. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:42. [PMID: 37679818 PMCID: PMC10485964 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that gut microbiome plays important roles in response to radiation exposure. IL-18, an inflammatory cytokine, is highly elevated in mice, mini-pigs and nonhuman primates after radiation exposure. Blocking IL-18 using its endogenous binding protein (IL-18BP) increases mice survival after radiation exposure by decreasing bone marrow interferon-gamma levels. METHODS To further characterize the roles of IL-18 in response to radiation, both wild type and IL-18 knockout (IL-18 KO) mice were exposed to 9.0 Gy total body irradiation (TBI). The 30-day survival result demonstrated that IL-18 KO mice were significantly more resistant to radiation compared to the wild type mice (p < 0.0001). Mouse faecal samples were collected at pre-radiation (d0), d1, d3, d7, d14, d21 and d29 after radiation exposure. Microbiome profiling was performed on the faecal samples using 16S and ITS sequencing technology. RESULTS Data analysis showed that there was significant difference in the bacterial microbiome between wild type and IL-18 KO mice. Cohousing of wild type and IL-18 KO mice decreased the bacterial microbiome difference between the two genotypes. Much fewer bacterial genera were significantly changed in wild type mice than the IL-18 KO mice after radiation exposure. The different composition of the IL-18 KO mice and wild type mice persisted even after radiation exposure. Bacterial genera that significantly correlated with other genera were identified in the IL-18 KO and wild type mice. The metabolic pathways that differentially expressed in both genotypes were identified. The animal bacterial microbiome data could be used to predict the animal's radiation status. The fungal microbiome had no significant difference regarding genotype or time after radiation exposure. CONCLUSION The current study helps understand the gut microbiome in different genetic backgrounds and its temporal changes after radiation exposure. Our data provide insight into the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced toxicity and help identify bacteria important in response to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchang Cui
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA.
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
| | - Lisa Hull
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Alex Zizzo
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Bin Lin
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Min Zhai
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Mang Xiao
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4555 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD, 20889-5648, USA.
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Metafuni E, Di Marino L, Giammarco S, Bellesi S, Limongiello MA, Sorà F, Frioni F, Maggi R, Chiusolo P, Sica S. The Role of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in the Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Setting. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2182. [PMID: 37764025 PMCID: PMC10536954 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota changes during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has several known causes: conditioning chemotherapy and radiation, broad-spectrum antibiotic administration, modification in nutrition status and diet, and graft-versus-host disease. This article aims to review the current knowledge about the close link between microbiota and allogeneic stem cell transplantation setting. The PubMed search engine was used to perform this review. We analyzed data on microbiota dysbiosis related to the above-mentioned affecting factors. We also looked at treatments aimed at modifying gut dysbiosis and applications of fecal microbiota transplantation in the allogeneic stem cell transplant field, with particular interest in fecal microbiota transplantation for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), multidrug-resistant and clostridium difficile infections, and microbiota restoration after chemotherapy and antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Metafuni
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Luca Di Marino
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Sabrina Giammarco
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Bellesi
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Maria Assunta Limongiello
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Federica Sorà
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Filippo Frioni
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Roberto Maggi
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Patrizia Chiusolo
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Simona Sica
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica e Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (S.G.); (S.B.); (M.A.L.); (F.S.); (P.C.); (S.S.)
- Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (L.D.M.); (F.F.); (R.M.)
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Moreira Monteiro A, Alpuim Costa D, Mareco V, Espiney Amaro C. The effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for managing radiation-induced proctitis - results of a 10-year retrospective cohort study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1235237. [PMID: 37637048 PMCID: PMC10450915 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1235237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite modern radiotherapy (RT) techniques, radiation-induced proctitis (RIP) remains a significant complication of RT for pelvic organ malignancies. Over the last decades, an enormous therapeutic armamentarium has been considered in RIP, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT). However, the evidence regarding the impact of HBOT on RIP is conflicting. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of HBOT in the treatment of RIP. Methods Ten-year (2013-2023) retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients with RIP treated with HBOT at Centro de Medicina Subaquática e Hiperbárica (CMSH) (Armed Forces Hospital - Lisbon, Portugal). Patients were exposed to 100% oxygen at 2.5 ATA, in a multiplace first-class hyperbaric chamber, for 70-min periods, once daily, five times per week. Fisher's exact test was performed using SPSS (version 23.0); p<0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results Of a total of 151 patients with RIP, 88 were included in the final analysis, of whom 38.6% evidenced other concurrent radiation-induced soft tissue lesions. The most reported primary pelvic tumor treated with RT was prostate cancer (77.3%), followed by cervical cancer (10.2%). Hematochezia was the most observed clinical manifestation (86.4%). After a median of 60 HBOT sessions (interquartile range [IQR]: 40-87.5), 62.5% and 31.8% of patients achieved a clinical complete and partial response, respectively, with a hematochezia resolution rate of 93.7% (complete or partial). While partial and complete responses require fewer than 70 sessions of HBOT in terms of overall RIP symptoms (p=0.069), isolated hematochezia tends to require at least 70 sessions (p=0.075). Individuals with at least two concurrent late radiation tissue injuries were associated with a complete response to HBOT (p=0.029). Only about 5.7% of patients did not respond to the treatment. Eighteen patients (20.5%) developed reversible ear barotrauma. The number of HBOT sessions was a predictor of HBOT side effects (odds ratio: 1.010; 95% confidence interval, 1.000-1.020; p=0.047). Conclusion The HBOT proved to be an effective and safe treatment for RIP refractory to medical and/or endoscopic treatments. This real-world evidence study adds value to published data on the management of RIP with HBOT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diogo Alpuim Costa
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Medicina Subaquática e Hiperbárica (CMSH), Armed Forces Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Cascais Dr. José de Almeida, Alcabideche, Portugal
- Hematology and Oncology Department, CUF Oncologia, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Virgínia Mareco
- Radiotherapy Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Espiney Amaro
- Centro de Medicina Subaquática e Hiperbárica (CMSH), Armed Forces Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
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Tan Y, Huang Z, Liu Y, Li X, Stalin A, Fan X, Wu Z, Wu C, Lu S, Zhang F, Chen M, Huang J, Cheng G, Li B, Guo S, Yang Y, Zhang S, Wu J. Integrated serum pharmacochemistry, 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics to reveal the material basis and mechanism of Yinzhihuang granule against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116418. [PMID: 36990301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yinzhihuang granule (YZHG) has liver protective effect and can be used for clinical treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its material basis and mechanism need to be further clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to reveal the material basis and mechanism of YZHG treating NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum pharmacochemistry were employed to identify the components from YZHG. The potential targets of YZHG against NAFLD were predicted by system biology and then preliminarily verified by molecular docking. Furthermore, the functional mechanism of YZHG in NAFLD mice was elucidated by 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. RESULTS From YZHG, 52 compounds were identified, of which 42 were absorbed into the blood. Network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that YZHG treats NAFLD with multi-components and multi-targets. YZHG can improve the levels of blood lipids, liver enzymes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and inflammatory factors in NAFLD mice. YZHG can also significantly improve the diversity and richness of intestinal flora and regulate glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism. Moreover, Western Blot experiment showed that YZHG can regulate liver lipid metabolism and enhance intestinal barrier function. CONCLUSIONS YZHG may treat NAFLD by improving the disruption of intestinal flora and enhancing the intestinal barrier. This will reduce the invasion of LPS into the liver subsequently regulate liver lipid metabolism and reduce liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Tan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zhihong Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yingying Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
| | - Xiaotian Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zhishan Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fanqin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Meilin Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Guoliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, 276017, China.
| | - Bing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Linyi, 276017, China.
| | - Siyu Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shuofeng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jiarui Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Obrador E, Montoro A. Ionizing Radiation, Antioxidant Response and Oxidative Damage: Radiomodulators. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1219. [PMID: 37371949 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) is the energy released by atoms in the form of electromagnetic waves (e [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Elena Obrador Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alegría Montoro
- Alegría Montoro, Radiation Protection Service, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, 46021 Valencia, Spain
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22
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Ren H, Wu Q, Sun Z, Fang M, Liu J, Luo J. Research progress and treatment of radiation enteritis and gut microbiota. Radiat Oncol J 2023; 41:61-68. [PMID: 37403348 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2023.00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteritis is a kind of intestinal radiation injury in patients with pelvic and retroperitoneal malignancies after radiotherapy, and its occurrence and development process are very complicated. At present, studies have confirmed that intestinal microecological imbalance is an important factor in the formation of this disease. Abdominal radiation causes changes in the composition of the flora and a decrease in its diversity, which is mainly manifested by a decrease in beneficial bacterial species such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. Intestinal dysbacteriosis aggravates radiation enteritis, weakens the function of the intestinal epithelial barrier, and promotes the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby aggravating the occurrence of enteritis. Given the role of the microbiome in radiation enteritis, we suggest that the gut microbiota may be a potential biomarker for the disease. Treatment methods such as probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are ways to correct the microbiota and may be an effective way to prevent and treat radiation enteritis. Based on a review of the relevant literature, this paper reviews the mechanism and treatment of intestinal microbes in radiation enteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Heze Medical College, Heze, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Mingming Fang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Fourth People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Judong Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Luo C, Wang L, Yuan J. Supplemental enzymes and probiotics on the gut health of broilers fed with a newly harvested corn diet. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102740. [PMID: 37186967 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut health is important for digestion and absorption of nutrient for animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of enzymes and probiotics alone or in combination on the gut health of broilers fed with newly harvested corn diets. A total of 624 Arbor Acres Plus male broiler chickens were randomly divided into 8 treatment groups (PC: normal corn diet, NC: newly harvested corn diet, DE: NC + glucoamylase, PT: NC + protease, XL: NC + xylanase, BCC: NC + Pediococcus acidilactici BCC-1, DE + PT: NC + glucoamylase + protease, XL+BCC: NC + xylanase + Pediococcus acidilactici BCC-1). Each group was divided into 6 replicates, with 13 birds each. On d 21, intestinal morphological, intestinal tight junction and aquaporins gene expression, cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, and microflora were measured. Compared with the newly harvested corn diets (NC), supplemental glucoamylase (DE) significantly increased the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae (P < 0.05) and decreased the relative abundance of Moraxellaceae (P < 0.05). Supplemental protease (PT) significantly increased the relative abundance of Barnesiella (P < 0.05), but the relative abundance of Campylobacter decreased by 44.4%. Supplemental xylanase (XL) significantly increased the jejunal mRNA expressions of MUC2, Claudin-1, and Occludin (P < 0.01), as well as the cecal digesta contents of acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid (P < 0.01). Supplemental DE combined with PT increased the ileal mRNA expressions of aquaporins (AQP) 2, AQP5, and AQP7 (P < 0.01). Supplemental BCC significantly increased the jejunal villus height and crypt depth (P < 0.01), the jejunal mRNA expressions of MUC2, Claudin-1 and Occludin (P < 0.01), and the relative abundance of Bacteroides (P < 0.05). Supplemental xylanase in combination with BCC significantly increased jejunal villus height and crypt depth (P < 0.01), the ileal mRNA expressions of AQP2, AQP5 and AQP7 (P < 0.01), and the cecal digesta contents of acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid (P < 0.01). This suggests that inclusions of supplemental protease (12,000 U/kg), glucoamylase (60,000 U/kg), or Pediococcus acidilactici BCC-1 (109 cfu/kg) individually or in combination with xylanase (4,800 U/kg) in the newly harvested corn diets can alleviate diarrhea in broilers, and be beneficial for the gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiwei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Yu Y, Lin X, Feng F, Wei Y, Wei S, Gong Y, Guo C, Wang Q, Shuai P, Wang T, Qin H, Li G, Yi L. Gut microbiota and ionizing radiation-induced damage: Is there a link? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115947. [PMID: 37080277 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
According to observational findings, ionizing radiation (IR) triggers dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, affecting the structural composition, function, and species of the gut microbiome and its metabolites. These modifications can further exacerbate IR-induced damage and amplify proinflammatory immune responses. Conversely, commensal bacteria and favorable metabolites can remodel the IR-disturbed gut microbial structure, promote a balance between anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory mechanisms in the body, and mitigate IR toxicity. The discovery of effective and safe remedies to prevent and treat radiation-induced injuries is vitally needed because of the proliferation of radiation toxicity threats produced by recent radiological public health disasters and increasing medical exposures. This review examines how the gut microbiota and its metabolites are linked to the processes of IR-induced harm. We highlight protective measures based on interventions with gut microbes to optimize the distress caused by IR damage to human health. We offer prospects for research in emerging and promising areas targeting the prevention and treatment of IR-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiu Yu
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Feiyang Feng
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yuanyun Wei
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yaqi Gong
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Caimao Guo
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Peimeng Shuai
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Lan Yi
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Zheng L, Zhang L, Tang L, Huang D, Pan D, Guo W, He S, Huang Y, Chen Y, Xiao X, Tang B, Chen J. Gut microbiota is associated with response to 131I therapy in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1453-1465. [PMID: 36512067 PMCID: PMC10027784 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radioactive iodine (131I) therapy is a conventional post-surgery treatment widely used for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Since 131I is orally administered, we hypothesize that it may affect gut microbiome. This study aims to investigate alterations of intestinal microbiome caused by 131I therapy in PTC patients and explore its association with response to 131I therapy. METHODS Fecal samples of 60 PTC patients pre- and post-131I therapy were collected to characterize the 131I therapy-induced gut microbiota alterations using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. According to the inclusion criteria, sequence data of 40 out of the 60 patients, divided into excellent response (ER) group and non-excellent response (NER) group, were recruited to investigate the possible connection between gut microbiota and response to 131I therapy. Multivariate binary logistic regression was employed to construct a predictive model for response to 131I therapy. RESULTS Microbial richness, diversity, and composition were tremendously altered by 131I therapy. A significant decline of Firmicutes to Bacteroides (F/B) ratio was observed post-131I therapy. 131I therapy also led to changes of gut microbiome-related metabolic pathways. Discrepancies in β diversity were found between ER and NER groups both pre- and post-131I therapy. Furthermore, a predictive model for response to 131I therapy with a p value of 0.003 and an overall percentage correct of 80.0% was established, with three variables including lymph node metastasis, relative abundance of g_Bifidobacterium and g_Dorea. Among them, g_Dorea was identified to be an in independent predictor of response to 131I therapy (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION For the first time, the present study demonstrates the gut microbial dysbiosis caused by 131I therapy in post-surgery PTC patients and reveals a previously undefined role of gut microbiome as predictor for 131I ablation response. G_Dorea and g_Bifidobacterium may be potential targets for clinical intervention to improve response to 131I in post-operative PTC patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2100048000. Registered 28 June 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zheng
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital (the Second Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University, (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dingde Huang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Song He
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury of China, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University, (Army Medical University), Gao Tan Yan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury of China, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University, (Army Medical University), Gao Tan Yan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital (the Second Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University, (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital (the Second Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University, (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury of China, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital), Third Military Medical University, (Army Medical University), Gao Tan Yan Street, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Yang Q, Qin B, Hou W, Qin H, Yin F. Pathogenesis and therapy of radiation enteritis with gut microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1116558. [PMID: 37063268 PMCID: PMC10102376 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1116558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used in clinic due to its good effect for cancer treatment. But radiotherapy of malignant tumors in the abdomen and pelvis is easy to cause radiation enteritis complications. Gastrointestinal tract contains numerous microbes, most of which are mutualistic relationship with the host. Abdominal radiation results in gut microbiota dysbiosis. Microbial therapy can directly target gut microbiota to reverse microbiota dysbiosis, hence relieving intestinal inflammation. In this review, we mainly summarized pathogenesis and novel therapy of the radiation-induced intestinal injury with gut microbiota dysbiosis and envision the opportunities and challenges of radiation enteritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Yang
- Research Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingzhi Qin
- Research Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiliang Hou
- Research Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiliang Hou, ; Huanlong Qin, ; Fang Yin,
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Research Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiliang Hou, ; Huanlong Qin, ; Fang Yin,
| | - Fang Yin
- Research Institute of Intestinal Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Weiliang Hou, ; Huanlong Qin, ; Fang Yin,
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Zhao X, Liu Z, Chen T. Potential Role of Vaginal Microbiota in Ovarian Cancer Carcinogenesis, Progression and Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030948. [PMID: 36986809 PMCID: PMC10056320 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer represents one of the most challenging gynecologic cancers which still has numerous unknowns on the underlying pathogenesis. In addition to the verified contributors such as genomic predisposition and medical history in the carcinogenesis, emerging evidence points out the potential role of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer. Recent studies have underlined the presence of vaginal microbial dysbiosis in cancer cases. Increasing research also indicates the potential correlations between vaginal microbes and cancer carcinogenesis, progression and treatment. Currently, compared with other gynecologic cancers, reports on the roles of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer remain scarce and fragmentary. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the roles of vaginal microbiota in various gynecologic diseases, particularly focusing on the potential mechanisms and possible applications of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer, giving insight into the involvement of vaginal microbiota in gynecologic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumiao Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhaoxia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (T.C.)
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Bharindwal S, Goswami N, Jha P, Pandey S, Jobby R. Prospective Use of Probiotics to Maintain Astronaut Health during Spaceflight. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030727. [PMID: 36983881 PMCID: PMC10058446 DOI: 10.3390/life13030727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining an astronaut's health during space travel is crucial. Multiple studies have observed various changes in the gut microbiome and physiological health. Astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS) had changes in the microbial communities in their gut, nose, and skin. Additionally, immune system cell alterations have been observed in astronauts with changes in neutrophils, monocytes, and T-cells. Probiotics help tackle these health issues caused during spaceflight by inhibiting pathogen adherence, enhancing epithelial barrier function by reducing permeability, and producing an anti-inflammatory effect. When exposed to microgravity, probiotics demonstrated a shorter lag phase, faster growth, improved acid tolerance, and bile resistance. A freeze-dried Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota capsule was tested for its stability on ISS for a month and has been shown to enhance innate immunity and balance intestinal microbiota. The usage of freeze-dried spores of B. subtilis proves to be advantageous to long-term spaceflight because it qualifies for all the aspects tested for commercial probiotics under simulated conditions. These results demonstrate a need to further study the effect of probiotics in simulated microgravity and spaceflight conditions and to apply them to overcome the effects caused by gut microbiome dysbiosis and issues that might occur during spaceflight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahaj Bharindwal
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Mumbai, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nidhi Goswami
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Mumbai, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pamela Jha
- Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS University Mumbai, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddharth Pandey
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Mumbai, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Renitta Jobby
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Mumbai, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai 410206, Maharashtra, India
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Liu D, Wei M, Yan W, Xie H, Sun Y, Yuan B, Jin Y. Potential applications of drug delivery technologies against radiation enteritis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:435-455. [PMID: 36809906 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2183948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of abdominal tumors, such as colorectal and prostate cancers, continually increases. Radiation therapy is widely applied in the clinical treatment of patients with abdominal/pelvic cancers, but it often unfortunately causes radiation enteritis (RE) involving the intestine, colon, and rectum. However, there is a lack of suitable treatment options for effective prevention and treatment of RE. AREAS COVERED Conventional clinical drugs for preventing and treating RE are usually applied by enemas and oral administration. Innovative gut-targeted drug delivery systems including hydrogels, microspheres, and nanoparticles are proposed to improve the prevention and curation of RE. EXPERT OPINION The prevention and treatment of RE have not attracted sufficient attention in the clinical practice, especially compared to the treatment of tumors, although RE takes patients great pains. Drug delivery to the pathological sites of RE is a huge challenge. The short retention and weak targeting of conventional drug delivery systems affect the therapeutic efficiency of anti-RE drugs. Novel drug delivery systems including hydrogels, microspheres, and nanoparticles can allow drugs long-term retention in the gut and targeting the inflammation sites to alleviate radiation-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenrui Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingbao Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bochuan Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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Wang Y, He Y, Liang Y, Liu H, Chen X, Kulyar MFEA, Shahzad A, Wei K, Li K. Fecal microbiota transplantation attenuates Escherichia coli infected outgrowth by modulating the intestinal microbiome. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:30. [PMID: 36803386 PMCID: PMC9936653 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the crucial role of gut microbiota in animal and human health, studies on modulating the intestinal microbiome for therapeutic purposes have grasped a significant attention, of which the role of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been emphasized. METHODS In the current study, we evaluated the effect of FMT on gut functions in Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection by using mice model. Moreover, we also investigated the subsequently dependent variables of infection, i.e., body weight, mortality, intestinal histopathology, and the expression changes in tight junction proteins (TJPs). RESULTS The FMT effectively decreased weight loss and mortality to a certain extent with the restoration of intestinal villi that resulted in high histological scores for jejunum tissue damage (p < 0.05). The effect of FMT on alleviating the reduction of intestinal TJPs was also proved by immunohistochemistry analysis and mRNA expression levels. Moreover, the abundance of health-threatening bacteria, belonging to phylum Proteobacteria, family Enterobacteriaceae and Tannerellaceae, genus Escherichia-Shigella, Sphingomonas, Collinsella, etc., were significantly increased, whereas beneficial bacteria, belonging to phylum Firmicutes, family Lactobacillaceae, genus Lactobacillus were decreased in the gut of infected mice. Furthermore, we sought to investigate the association of clinical symptoms with FMT treatment with modulation in gut microbiota. According to beta diversity, the microbial community of gut microbiota results reflected the similarities between non-infected and FMT groups. The improvement of the intestinal microbiota in FMT group was characterized by the significant high level of beneficial microorganisms with the synergistic decrease of Escherichia-Shigella, Acinetobacter, and other taxa. CONCLUSION The findings suggest a beneficial host-microbiome correlation following fecal microbiota transplanatation for controlling gut infections and pathogens-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China ,grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan He
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023 China
| | - Han Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023 China
| | - Xiushuang Chen
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China ,grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Asim Shahzad
- grid.412496.c0000 0004 0636 6599Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100 Pakistan
| | - Kunhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Engineering Research Center of TCM Resource Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China.
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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Gut Microbiome Is Associated With the Response to Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 115:407-418. [PMID: 35905860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the dynamic change of gut microbiota and its predictive role in progression-free survival (PFS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty-one patients with NSCLC in 2 phase 2 trials (NCT02573506 and NCT03006575) were analyzed. A total of 102 fecal samples were collected at 3 time points (T0, before CCRT; T1, 2 weeks after the initiation of CCRT; and T2, the end of CCRT). Gut microbiota composition and functionality were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomics, respectively. Alpha diversity, taxonomic composition, and KEGG functional pathways were compared between patients in the long-PFS group (PFS ≥11.0 months) and short-PFS group (PFS <11.0 months). A random forest classifier was constructed to identify microbial signature related to PFS. Clinical and microbial factors potentially predictive of PFS were assessed in the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The abundance of Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria increased, while the abundance of Firmicutes decreased after CCRT. Shannon index (P = .006) and PD index (P = .022) were significantly higher in the long-PFS group than for those in the short-PFS group at T1. The PFS-prediction microbial signature at T1 included unclassified members of the Lanchospiraceae spp., such as NK4A136 and UCG-003 groups, Dorea sp., various strains from within the Eubacterium hallii and E. siraeum groups, and an unclassified member of the Muribaculaceae, which yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.87. These discriminatory genera mostly belong to phylum Firmicutes/family Clostridia. Multivariate analysis indicated PD index (HR = 8.036, P = .016) and the abundance of Dorea sp. at T1 (HR = 4.186, P = .043) were independent predictors of PFS. The KEGG pathways at T1 overrepresented in the long-PFS group included fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and arginine biosynthesis. Those overrepresented in the short-PFS group included lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota composition and functionality at 2 weeks after the initiation of CCRT were associated with PFS in NSCLC. Further research is needed to confirm these results.
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Xu M, Qiu X, Chen Q, Yang T, Xu J, Chen L, Shuai L, Xu Z, Cheng X, Zhang Y, Cao Z. Changes of gut microbiome and metabolome in the AOM/DSS mouse model of colorectal cancer with FLASH radiation. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Clinical Evidence and Potential Mechanisms in Treating Radiation Enteritis with Modified Baitouweng Decoction. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9731315. [PMID: 36756038 PMCID: PMC9902141 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9731315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To perform a meta-analysis and network analysis identification to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and potential mechanisms of modified Baitouweng decoction (mBTWD) in the treatment of radiation enteritis. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Databases, SionMed, and Chinese Scientific Journals Database to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mBTWD treating radiation enteritis. Rev.Man 5.3 and Stata 14.0 software are employed for meta-analysis. The GRADE online tool is used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Network analysis and molecular docking approach are applied to predict the potential targets and ingredients of representative drugs in mBTWD for the treatment of radiation enteritis. Results Seventeen studies are eventually included, covering a total of 1611 patients: (1) The clinical efficacy is significantly higher in mBTWD groups than in control groups (RR = 1.24, 95% CI (1.17, 1.32), P < 0.00001). (2) mBTWD has certain advantages in improving TCM syndromes (MD = -3.41, P < 0.00001). (3) mBTWD has a certain positive effect on the improvement of intestinal signs and symptoms (RR = 1.23, P=0.0001; OR = 3.51, P < 0.00001). (4) Indexes including CRP, KPS, and OB, are better in mBTWD groups than in control groups (P < 0.00001, P=0.002, P=0.03), but the credibility is downgraded for a small sample size. Adverse events and recurrence rates require further confirmation with larger sample sizes. (5) Univariate meta-regression for clinical efficacy shows none of the coefficients are significantly associated with the estimated risk ratio. The clinical efficacy overestimates about 4.9% from publication bias. The quality of the included studies is low according to GRADE evidence. (6) Quercetin, isorhamnetin, and beta-sitosterol are the main ingredients from representative drugs in mBTWD and its key targets are MYC, TP53, and MAPK14/MAPK1. Conclusions mBTWD may be effective in the treatment of radiation enteritis, but its long-term benefits, safety, and molecular mechanisms remain unclear due to the poor quality of the evidence. Larger sample sizes, high-quality studies, and basic research are essential in the future.
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Nista EC, Del Gaudio A, Del Vecchio LE, Mezza T, Pignataro G, Piccioni A, Gasbarrini A, Franceschi F, Candelli M. Pancreatic Cancer Resistance to Treatment: The Role of Microbiota. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010157. [PMID: 36672664 PMCID: PMC9856157 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States and Europe. It is estimated that PC will be the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. In addition to late diagnosis, treatment resistance is a major cause of shortened survival in pancreatic cancer. In this context, there is growing evidence that microbes play a regulatory role, particularly in therapy resistance and in creating a microenvironment in the tumor, that favors cancer progression. The presence of certain bacteria belonging to the gamma-proteobacteria or mycoplasmas appears to be associated with both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Recent evidence suggests that the microbiota may also play a role in resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the interactions between microbiota and therapy are bilateral and modulate therapy tolerance. Future perspectives are increasingly focused on elucidating the role of the microbiota in tumorigenesis and processes of therapy resistance, and a better understanding of these mechanisms may provide important opportunities to improve survival in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Celestino Nista
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Del Gaudio
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Livio Enrico Del Vecchio
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Mezza
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pignataro
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Medical and Surgical Science Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Emergency Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0039-063-0153-188
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Duan X, Cai H, Hu T, Lin L, Zeng L, Wang H, Cao L, Li X. Ginsenoside Rg3 treats acute radiation proctitis through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway and regulation of intestinal flora. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1028576. [PMID: 36683687 PMCID: PMC9853003 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1028576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg3 (GRg3) against acute radiation proctitis (ARP) in rats. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, model, dexamethasone-positive, GRg3 low-dose, GRg3 medium-dose, and GRg3 high-dose groups. The ARP rat model was established by a single 22-Gy irradiation of 6 MV) X-rays. The distribution and function of intestinal flora were detected using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, rectal tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, the expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA, and mRNA and protein expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Results GRg3 improved the symptoms of ARP in rats in a dose-dependent manner. The species distribution of intestinal flora in GRg3 rats was significantly different from that in ARP rats. These differences were more significant in the high-dose group, where the numbers of Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus, and other beneficial bacteria were significantly increased, whereas those of Escherichia, Alloprevotella, and other harmful bacteria were decreased. In addition, GRg3 was closely related to amino acid metabolism. After GRg3 treatment, the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in rectal tissue was significantly down-regulated, and the level of downstream inflammatory factor IL-1β decreased, whereas that of IL-10 increased. Conclusion Our study indicated GRg3 as a new compound for the treatment of ARP by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, down-regulating the expression of proinflammatory factors, thus effectively regulating intestinal flora and reducing inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Duan
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lili Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Zeng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Huixia Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuxia Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (Gansu Provincial Hospital), Lanzhou, China
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Hua Q, Zhang H, Xu R, Tian C, Gao T, Yuan Y, Han Y, Li Y, Qi C, Zhong F, Ma A. Lacticaseibacillus casei ATCC334 Ameliorates Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Rats by Targeting Microbes and Metabolites. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200337. [PMID: 36408889 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Gastrointestinal side effects are frequently observed in patients receiving medical radiation therapy. As Lacticaseibacillus casei ATCC334 potentially affects microbial ecosystem, the study hypothesizes that it may improve radiation-induced intestinal injury in rats by modulating the "gut microbiota-metabolite-barrier axis." METHODS AND RESULTS Rats are fed one of three or no doses of L. casei ATCC334 for 7 days and then expose to a single dose of 9 Gy X-ray total abdominal irradiation. Supplementation with L. casei ATCC334 promote the proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), increase the expression of tight junction proteins, reduce intestinal permeability, and protect intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing show that medium and high doses of L. casei ATCC334 inhibit the growth of Escherichia/Shigella and favor Akkermansia proliferation. L. casei ATCC334 intervention reprogram the metabolic profile and inhibit putrescine production but promote alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) production. Notably, a decrease in putrescine and an increase in ALA are significantly correlated with the proliferation of ISCs and enhanced intestinal barrier function following L. casei ATCC334 intervention. CONCLUSION These results highlight that medium and high doses of L. casei ATCC334 alleviate radiation-induced intestinal damage by enhancing the mucosal barrier and remodeling the gut microbiota structure and metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglian Hua
- School of Public health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Nanan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | | | - Tianlin Gao
- School of Public health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yanlei Yuan
- School of Public health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yaling Han
- School of Public health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Public health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ce Qi
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Feng Zhong
- School of Public health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Aiguo Ma
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Wang Z, Dan W, Zhang N, Fang J, Yang Y. Colorectal cancer and gut microbiota studies in China. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2236364. [PMID: 37482657 PMCID: PMC10364665 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of CRC have been increasing in China, possibly due to economic development, lifestyle, and dietary changes. Evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays an essential role in the tumorigenesis of CRC. Gut dysbiosis, specific pathogenic microbes, metabolites, virulence factors, and microbial carcinogenic mechanisms contribute to the initiation and progression of CRC. Gut microbiota biomarkers have potential translational applications in CRC screening and early diagnosis. Gut microbiota-related interventions could improve anti-tumor therapy's efficacy and severe intestinal toxic effects. Chinese researchers have made many achievements in the relationship between gut microbiota and CRC, although some challenges remain. This review summarizes the current evidence from China on the role of gut microbiota in CRC, mainly including the gut microbiota characteristics, especially Fusobacterium nucleatum and Parvimonas micra, which have been identified to be enriched in CRC patients; microbial pathogens such as F. nucleatum and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and P. micra, which Chinese scientists have extensively studied; diagnostic biomarkers especially F. nucleatum; therapeutic effects, including microecological agents represented by certain Lactobacillus strains, fecal microbiota transplantation, and traditional Chinese medicines such as Berberine and Curcumin. More efforts should be focused on exploring the underlying mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis of CRC and providing novel gut microbiota-related therapeutic and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Wang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanyue Dan
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunsheng Yang
- Microbiota Division, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Damage Epithelial Barrier and Induce Inflammation and Pyroptosis in Macrophages. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010089. [PMID: 36611884 PMCID: PMC9818291 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis is an opportunistic pathogen that widely exists in the human intestine and can cause severe infectious diseases. However, the mechanisms contributing to its pathogenesis remain of great interest. In this study, we aim to investigate the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by D. fairfieldensis and their pathogenic effect. The OMVs separated by ultracentrifugation were spherical and displayed a characteristic bilayer lipid structure observed by transmission electron microscopy, with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 75 nm measurement using the particle size analyzer. We identified 1496 and 916 proteins from D. fairfieldensis and its OMVs using label-free non-target quantitative proteomics, respectively. The 560 co-expressed proteins could participate in bacterial life activities by function prediction. The translocation protein TolB, which participates in OMVs biogenesis and transporting toxins was highly expressed in OMVs. The OMVs inhibited the expression of tight junction proteins OCCLUDIN and ZO-1 in human colonic epithelial cells (Caco-2). The OMVs decreased the cell viability of monocyte macrophages (THP-1-Mφ) and activated various inflammatory factors secretion, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and many interleukins. Further, we found the OMVs induced the expression of cleaved-gasdermin D, caspase-1, and c-IL-1β and caused pyroptosis in THP-1-Mφ cells. Taken together, these data reveal that the D. fairfieldensis OMVs can damage the intestinal epithelial barrier and activate intrinsic inflammation.
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Li Z, Ke X, Zuo D, Wang Z, Fang F, Li B. New Insights into the Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Radiotherapy for Cancer. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010048. [PMID: 36615706 PMCID: PMC9824372 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second most common cause of death among humans in the world, and the threat that it presents to human health is becoming more and more serious. The mechanisms of cancer development have not yet been fully elucidated, and new therapies are changing with each passing day. Evidence from the literature has validated the finding that the composition and modification of gut microbiota play an important role in the development of many different types of cancer. The results also demonstrate that there is a bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota and radiotherapy treatments for cancer. In a nutshell, the modifications of the gut microbiota caused by radiotherapy have an effect on tumor radiosensitivity and, as a result, affect the efficacy of radiotherapy and show a certain radiation toxicity, which leads to numerous side effects. What is of new research significance is that the "gut-organ axis" formed by the gut microbiota may be one of the most interesting potential mechanisms, although the relevant research is still very limited. In this review, we combine new insights into the relationship between the gut microbiota, cancer, and radiotherapy. Based on our current comprehensive understanding of this relationship, we give an overview of the new cancer treatments based on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiyang Ke
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Dan Zuo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fang Fang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-431-85619455
| | - Bo Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Zhou Q, Shen B, Huang R, Liu H, Zhang W, Song M, Liu K, Lin X, Chen S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhi F. Bacteroides fragilis strain ZY-312 promotes intestinal barrier integrity via upregulating the STAT3 pathway in a radiation-induced intestinal injury mouse model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1063699. [PMID: 36590229 PMCID: PMC9798896 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1063699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury is characterized by intestinal barrier impairment. However, the therapeutic effects of probiotics for intestinal epithelial barrier repair in a mouse model of radiation-induced intestinal injury remain unclear. Previously, we isolated a strain of Bacteroides fragilis from the feces of a healthy infant and named it as B. fragilis strain ZY-312 (B. fragilis). In this study, we showed that B. fragilis can ameliorate radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice, manifested by decreased weight loss, intestinal length shortening, and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) shedding. Moreover, we found that B. fragilis promoted IEC proliferation, stem cell regeneration, mucus secretion, and tight junction integrity by upregulating the STAT3 signaling pathway, through an experimental verification in Stat3 △IEC mice (STAT3 defects in intestinal epithelial cells). Thus, the underlying protective mechanism of B. fragilis in radiation-induced intestinal injury is related to IEC proliferation, stem cell regeneration, goblet cell secretion, and tight junction repair via activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. In addition, the therapeutic effects of B. fragilis were studied to provide new insights into its application as a functional and clinical drug for radiation-induced intestinal injury after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binhai Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruo Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wendi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuze Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Guangzhou Zhiyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Guangzhou Zhiyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Fachao Zhi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Fachao Zhi, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-8674-4737
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Duck plague virus infection alter the microbiota composition and intestinal functional activity in Muscovy ducks. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102365. [PMID: 36610104 PMCID: PMC9829712 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal damage from the duck plague virus (DPV) infection affects intestinal inflammation factors expression and barrier dysfunction. Here we report findings from the pathogenicity of the intestinal tract, intestinal morphological, intestinal permeability, inflammatory cytokines, and tight junction gene expression in 72 two-wk-old Muscovy ducks exposed to DPV. The characterization of intestinal metabolites and their classification were examined using 16-sequencing technology. The primary outcomes of the study evaluated the correlation between intestinal microbiota characteristics and the degree of infected tissue. The secondary outcomes were to determine whether the biosignatures that defined the microbiota were positively or negatively correlated with viral infection. The tissue was infected accompanied a mild damage of liver and spleen, and severe intestinal bleeding. Two inoculation routes were constructed with susceptible animals to assess the pathogenicity of the DPV in order to enrich the status of infection in Muscovy ducks. High levels of virus titer from Muscovy ducks were found being in the intestine. The expression of INF-α and IL-β with viral infection increased at 4, and 6 dpi, respectively, after detecting of the inflammatory factor and barrier function genes. At 4 and 6 dpi, barrier function gene of ZO-1 and Occludin reduced. The severity of viral infection was significantly correlated with the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota. Ducks infected with the DPV had an increase in the phylum Firmicutes, a decrease in the phylum Actinobacteriota, and differential enrichment with the genus Bacteroides, Tyzzerella, Enterococcus, and Escherchia-Shigella, while the genus Rothia, Streptococcus, and Ralstonia were differentially enriched in the control group. The findings from the current study demonstrated that DPV infection leads to an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota and disruption of the microbial homeostasis in the intestinal tissue in ducks, which might be one of the mechanisms whereby DPV infection might be established in Muscovy ducks. Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity monitoring also showed that viral infection reduced these activities. These findings imply that changes in intestinal microbiota, intestinal barrier gene expression, and inflammatory factor are related to viral infection. When taken as a whole, this work provides fresh perspectives on the characteristics of intestinal microbiota and the infection damage caused by the DPV.
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Eaton SE, Kaczmarek J, Mahmood D, McDiarmid AM, Norarfan AN, Scott EG, Then CK, Tsui HY, Kiltie AE. Exploiting dietary fibre and the gut microbiota in pelvic radiotherapy patients. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:2087-2098. [PMID: 36175620 PMCID: PMC9727022 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01980-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
With an ageing population, there is an urgent need to find alternatives to current standard-of-care chemoradiation schedules in the treatment of pelvic malignancies. The gut microbiota may be exploitable, having shown a valuable role in improving patient outcomes in anticancer immunotherapy. These bacteria feed on dietary fibres, which reach the large intestine intact, resulting in the production of beneficial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids. The gut microbiota can impact radiotherapy (RT) treatment responses and itself be altered by the radiation. Evidence is emerging that manipulation of the gut microbiota by dietary fibre supplementation can improve tumour responses and reduce normal tissue side effects following RT, although data on tumour response are limited to date. Both may be mediated by immune and non-immune effects of gut microbiota and their metabolites. Alternative approaches include use of probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Current evidence will be reviewed regarding the use of dietary fibre interventions and gut microbiota modification in improving outcomes for pelvic RT patients. However, data regarding baseline (pre-RT) gut microbiota of RT patients and timing of dietary fibre manipulation (before or during RT) is limited, heterogenous and inconclusive, thus more robust clinical studies are required before these strategies can be applied clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina E Eaton
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Justyna Kaczmarek
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Daanish Mahmood
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Anna M McDiarmid
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Alya N Norarfan
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Erin G Scott
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Chee Kin Then
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Hailey Y Tsui
- Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Anne E Kiltie
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
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Feng N, Wang S, Liu C, Xu Z, Song Z, Li K, Yu Z. A network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine on intestinal flora in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:1069780. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1069780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can regulate intestinal flora so as to affect the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancer. According to clinical studies, TCM oral administration, TCM external treatment, and TCM injections, can adjust intestinal flora disorders in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. This network meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of three treatments on the intestinal flora in gastrointestinal cancer patients.Methods: This meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022332553). Six electronic databases, namely CNKI, Wanfang, CSTJ, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, were searched from their inception to 1 April 2022. We identified randomized controlled trials (RCT) used to compare the efficacy of three TCM treatment methods—oral administration, external therapy and injections—on the intestinal flora in gastrointestinal cancer patients. The main outcome indicators were Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, Escherichia coli, and Enterococci. Stata (15.1) and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool were employed.Results: We identified 20 eligible RCTs with a total of 1,774 patients. According to network meta-analysis results, TCM injection plus common treatment (CT) or oral administration of TCM plus CT was superior to CT alone for supporting Bifidobacterium. In supporting Lactobacillus, TCM injection plus CT demonstrated more obvious effect relative to oral administration of TCM plus CT; TCM injection plus CT was more effective than CT only; and oral administration of TCM plus CT was superior to CT only.The inhibitory effect of TCM injection plus CT on Escherichia coli was better compared with CT only. In terms of inhibiting Enterococci, oral administration of TCM plus CT was superior to CT only.The difference in efficacy among the above treatments was statistically significant. In the SUCRA probability ranking, TCM injection plus CT had the best ranking curve among the three treatments and was the most effective in supporting Bifidobacteria (Sucra = 90.08%), Lactobacilli (Sucra = 96.4%), and regulating Escherichia coli (Sucra = 86.1%) and Enterococci (Sucra = 87.1%).Conclusion: TCM injections plus CT is the most effective therapy in balancing the intestinal flora of gastrointestinal cancer patients. However, the current results deserve further validation through high-quality research.Systematic Review Registration: http://www.prisma-statement.org/, identifier 10.1136/bmj.n71.
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Evaluation and Management of Radiation-Induced Plexopathies. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-022-00374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhao X, Ji K, Zhang M, Huang H, Wang F, Liu Y, Liu Q. NMN alleviates radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis by modulating gut microbiota. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 99:823-834. [PMID: 36343364 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2145029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIM Radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis, a common complication of long-term survivors after receiving abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy, has no effective clinical drugs at present. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been reported to alleviate a variety of age-related diseases and has potential of regulating gut microbiota. The current study focuses on the role of gut microbiota in chronic radiation induced intestinal fibrosis, and investigates whether NMN plays a protective role in radiation-induced intestinal fibrosis as well as the impact of NMN on radiation-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice received 15 Gy abdominal irradiation and NMN (300 mg/kg/day) supplement in drinking water. Feces were collected at 4- and 8-months post-irradiation and performed 16S rRNA sequencing to detect the gut microbiota. Colon tissues were isolated at 12 months after irradiation with or without NMN supplementation for histological analysis. RESULTS We found that irradiation caused intestinal fibrosis, and altered the β diversity and composition of gut microbiota, while the gut microbiota was observed to be affected by time post-irradiation and age of mice. Long-term NMN supplementation alleviated intestinal fibrosis, and reshaped the composition and function of gut microbiota dysregulated by ionizing radiation (IR). In addition, Akkermansia muciniphila, a promising probiotic, and metabolism-related pathways, such as Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites and Amino acid metabolism, were more abundant after NMN treatment in irradiated mice. CONCLUSION IR has a long-term effect on the gut microbiota and NMN supplementation can alleviate radiation induced intestinal fibrosis by reshaping the composition of gut microbiota and regulating the metabolic function of the microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Kaihua Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Effepharm (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., No.1 Mid Wangdong Rd, Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201601, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
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Yang JY, Liu MJ, Lv L, Guo JR, He KY, Zhang H, Wang KK, Cui CY, Yan BZ, Du DD, Wang JH, Ding Q, Liu GL, Xu ZX, Jian YP. Metformin alleviates irradiation-induced intestinal injury by activation of FXR in intestinal epithelia. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:932294. [PMID: 36312920 PMCID: PMC9608595 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.932294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal irradiation (IR) destroys the intestinal mucosal barrier, leading to severe intestinal infection. There is an urgent need to find safe and effective treatments to reduce IR-induced intestinal injury. In this study, we reported that metformin protected mice from abdominal IR-induced intestinal injury by improving the composition and diversity of intestinal flora. The elimination of intestinal microbiota (Abx) abrogated the protective effects of metformin on irradiated mice. We further characterized that treatment of metformin increased the murine intestinal abundance of Lactobacillus, which mediated the radioprotective effect. The administration of Lactobacillus or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) into Abx mice considerably lessened IR-induced intestinal damage and restored the radioprotective function of metformin in Abx mice. In addition, applying the murine intestinal organoid model, we demonstrated that IR inhibited the formation of intestinal organoids, and metformin alone bore no protective effect on organoids after IR. However, a combination of metformin and Lactobacillus or Lactobacillus alone displayed a strong radioprotection on the organoid formation. We demonstrated that metformin/Lactobacillus activated the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling in intestinal epithelial cells and hence upregulated tight junction proteins and mucins in intestinal epithelia, increased the number of goblet cells, and augmented the mucus layer thickness to maintain the integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier, which eventually contributed to reduced radiation intestinal injury. In addition, we found that Lactobacillus abundance was significantly increased in the intestine of patients receiving metformin while undergoing abdominal radiotherapy and the abundance was negatively correlated with the diarrhea duration of patients. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that metformin possesses a protective effect on IR-induced intestinal injury by upregulating the abundance of Lactobacillus in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yu Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Meng-Jie Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Rong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kai-Yue He
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cui-Yun Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bei-Zhan Yan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Du
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ningjin County People's Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Guo-Long Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guo-Long Liu
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Zhi-Xiang Xu
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Yong-Ping Jian
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47
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Special Issue on the “Regulation and Physiopathology of the Gut Barrier”. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810638. [PMID: 36142548 PMCID: PMC9502765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Recent findings in Akkermansia muciniphila-regulated metabolism and its role in intestinal diseases. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2333-2344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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The Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Radiation Enteropathy. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081613. [PMID: 36014031 PMCID: PMC9415405 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome plays a key role in regulating host physiology. In a stable state, both the microbiota and the gut work synergistically. The overall homeostasis of the intestinal flora can be affected by multiple factors, including disease states and the treatments given for those diseases. In this review, we examine the relatively well-characterised abnormalities that develop in the microbiome in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and compare and contrast them to those that are found in radiation enteropathy. We discuss how these changes may exert their effects at a molecular level, and the possible role of manipulating the microbiome through the use of a variety of therapies to reduce the severity of the underlying condition.
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Zhou Z, Yu S, Cui L, Shao K, Pang H, Wang Z, He N, Li S. Isomaltulose alleviates acute colitis via modulating gut microbiota and the Treg/Th17 balance in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:8572-8584. [PMID: 35894244 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01157c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Food-grade isomaltulose exhibits significant modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolites in healthy populations. This study further explored the preventive therapeutic effect and anti-colitis potential of isomaltulose on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Our results suggested that isomaltulose played a significant role in preventing colon shortening, reducing intestinal epithelial destruction and inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration. Meanwhile, the isomaltulose supplement greatly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and restored the balance between T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Pathway enrichment analysis for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) also indicated that the anti-inflammatory effect of isomaltulose was closely related to intestinal immunity. Moreover, the disturbed gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis (UC) was partially restored after treatment with isomaltulose. These results suggest that isomaltulose is a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of UC by maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis and remodeling the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Shengnan Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Luwen Cui
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Kaidi Shao
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Hao Pang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Ningning He
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Shangyong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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