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Liu L, Lu L, Qiu M, Han N, Dai S, Shi S, He S, Zhang J, Yan Q, Chen S. Comprehensive modular analyses of scar subtypes illuminate underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14384. [PMID: 37697692 PMCID: PMC10784627 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological scarring resulting from traumas and wounds, such as hypertrophic scars and keloids, pose significant aesthetic, functional and psychological challenges. This study provides a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of these conditions, aiming to illuminate underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. We employed a co-expression and module analysis tool to identify significant gene clusters associated with distinct pathophysiological processes and mechanisms, notably lipid metabolism, sebum production, cellular energy metabolism and skin barrier function. This examination yielded critical insights into several skin conditions including folliculitis, skin fibrosis, fibrosarcoma and congenital ichthyosis. Particular attention was paid to Module Cluster (MCluster) 3, encompassing genes like BLK, TRPV1 and GABRD, all displaying high expression and potential implications in immune modulation. Preliminary immunohistochemistry validation supported these findings, showing elevated expression of these genes in non-fibrotic samples rich in immune activity. The complex interplay of different cell types in scar formation, such as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, keratinocytes and mast cells, was also explored, revealing promising therapeutic strategies. This study underscores the promise of targeted gene therapy for pathological scars, paving the way for more personalised therapeutic approaches. The results necessitate further research to fully ascertain the roles of these identified genes and pathways in skin disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutics. Nonetheless, our work forms a strong foundation for a new era of personalised medicine for patients suffering from pathological scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- ZJU‐Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lantian Lu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia
| | - Min Qiu
- Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Ning Han
- Hangzhou AI‐Nano Therapeutics Co., Ltd.HangzhouChina
| | - Shijie Dai
- School of Life SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shuiping Shi
- Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Shanshan He
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shuqing Chen
- ZJU‐Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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Jiang H, Ren Y, Yu J, Hu S, Zhang J. Analysis of lactate metabolism-related genes and their association with immune infiltration in septic shock via bioinformatics method. Front Genet 2023; 14:1223243. [PMID: 37564869 PMCID: PMC10410269 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1223243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lactate, as an essential clinical evaluation index of septic shock, is crucial in the incidence and progression of septic shock. This study aims to investigate the differential expression, regulatory relationship, clinical diagnostic efficacy, and immune infiltration of lactate metabolism-related genes (LMGs) in septic shock. Methods: Two sepsis shock datasets (GSE26440 and GSE131761) were screened from the GEO database, and the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the two datasets were screened out. LMGs were selected from the GeneCards database, and lactate metabolism-related DEGs (LMDEGs) were determined by integrating DEGs and LMGs. Protein-protein interaction networks, mRNA-miRNA, mRNA-RBP, and mRNA-TF interaction networks were constructed using STRING, miRDB, ENCORI, and CHIPBase databases, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for each of the LMDEGs to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the expression changes in relation to septic shock. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was performed using ssGSEA and CIBERSORT. Results: This study identified 10 LMDEGs, including LDHB, STAT3, LDHA, GSR, FOXM1, PDP1, GCDH, GCKR, ABCC1, and CDKN3. Enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways such as pyruvate metabolism, hypoxia pathway, and immune-inflammatory pathways. PPI networks based on LMDEGs, as well as 148 pairs of mRNA-miRNA interactions, 243 pairs of mRNA-RBP interactions, and 119 pairs of mRNA-TF interactions were established. ROC curves of eight LMDEGs (LDHA, GSR, STAT3, CDKN3, FOXM1, GCKR, PDP1, and LDHB) with consistent expression patterns in two datasets had an area under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.662 to 0.889. The results of ssGSEA and CIBERSORT both showed significant differences in the infiltration of various immune cells, including CD8 T cells, T regulatory cells, and natural killer cells, and LMDEGs such as STAT3, LDHB, LDHA, PDP1, GSR, FOXM1, and CDKN3 were significantly associated with various immune cells. Conclusion: The LMDEGs are significantly associated with the immune-inflammatory response in septic shock and have a certain diagnostic accuracy for septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Jiang
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Ningxiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Ren
- Emergency Department, Ningxiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jiale Yu
- Emergency Department, Ningxiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Emergency Department, Ningxiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Ningxiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Emergency Department, Ningxiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Sun Z, Zhang T, Ning C, Shen D, Pei W, Zhou R, Zhu S, Huang G. CONSTRUCTION OF SEPSIS DIAGNOSTIC MODELS AND IDENTIFICATION OF MACROPHAGE SUBPOPULATIONS BASED ON PYROPTOSIS-RELATED GENES. Shock 2023; 60:1-10. [PMID: 37179249 PMCID: PMC10417255 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Numerous studies have shown that pyroptosis is associated with sepsis progression, which can lead to dysregulated host immune responses and organ dysfunction. Therefore, investigating the potential prognostic and diagnostic values of pyroptosis in patients with sepsis is essential. Methods: We conducted a study using bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to examine the role of pyroptosis in sepsis. Univariate logistic analysis, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator regression analysis were used to identify pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs), construct a diagnostic risk score model, and evaluate the selected genes' diagnostic value. Consensus clustering analysis was used to identify the PRG-related sepsis subtypes with varying prognoses. Functional and immune infiltration analyses were used to explain the subtypes' distinct prognoses, and scRNA-seq data were used to differentiate immune-infiltrating cells and macrophage subsets and study cell-cell communication. Results: A risk model was established based on 10 key PRGs ( NAIP , ELANE , GSDMB , DHX9 , NLRP3 , CASP8 , GSDMD , CASP4 , APIP , and DPP9 ), of which four ( ELANE , DHX9 , GSDMD , and CASP4 ) were associated with prognosis. Two subtypes with different prognoses were identified based on the key PRG expressions. Functional enrichment analysis revealed diminished nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor pathway activity and enhanced neutrophil extracellular trap formation in the subtype with a poor prognosis. Immune infiltration analysis suggested a different immune status between the two sepsis subtypes, with the subtype with a poor prognosis exhibiting stronger immunosuppression. The single-cell analysis identified a macrophage subpopulation characterized by gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression that may be involved in pyroptosis regulation, which was associated with the prognosis of sepsis. Conclusion: We developed and validated a risk score for sepsis identification based on 10 PRGs, four of which also have potential value in the prognosis of sepsis. We identified a subset of gasdermin D macrophages associated with poor prognosis, providing new insights into the role of pyroptosis in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefang Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Caihong Ning
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dingcheng Shen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenwu Pei
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gengwen Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhong S, Yin Y. Regulatory role of the programmed cell death 1 signaling pathway in sepsis induced immunosuppression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1183542. [PMID: 37292207 PMCID: PMC10244656 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by the host's immune response to infection, with extremely high incidence and mortality. Immunosuppression is an essential pathophysiological alteration that influences the clinical treatment and prognosis of sepsis. Recent studies have suggested that the programmed cell death 1 signaling pathway is involved in the formation of immunosuppression in sepsis. In this review, we systematically present the mechanisms of immune dysregulation in sepsis and elucidate the expression and regulatory effects of the programmed cell death 1 signaling pathway on immune cells associated with sepsis. We then specify current research developments and prospects for the application of the programmed cell death 1 signaling pathway in immunomodulatory therapy for sepsis. Several open questions and future research are discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubai Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanqin Yin
- Cancer Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Wang X, Guo Z, Wang Z, Liao H, Wang Z, Chen F, Wang Z. Diagnostic and predictive values of pyroptosis-related genes in sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1105399. [PMID: 36817458 PMCID: PMC9932037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is an organ dysfunction syndrome caused by the body's dysregulated response to infection. Yet, due to the heterogeneity of this disease process, the diagnosis and definition of sepsis is a critical issue in clinical work. Existing methods for early diagnosis of sepsis have low specificity. Aims This study evaluated the diagnostic and predictive values of pyroptosis-related genes in normal and sepsis patients and their role in the immune microenvironment using multiple bioinformatics analyses and machine-learning methods. Methods Pediatric sepsis microarray datasets were screened from the GEO database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with pyroptosis were analyzed. DEGs were then subjected to multiple bioinformatics analyses. The differential immune landscape between sepsis and healthy controls was explored by screening diagnostic genes using various machine-learning models. Also, the diagnostic value of these diagnosis-related genes in sepsis (miRNAs that have regulatory relationships with genes and related drugs that have regulatory relationships) were analyzed in the internal test set and external test. Results Eight genes (CLEC5A, MALT1, NAIP, NLRC4, SERPINB1, SIRT1, STAT3, and TLR2) related to sepsis diagnosis were screened by multiple machine learning algorithms. The CIBERSORT algorithm confirmed that these genes were significantly correlated with the infiltration abundance of some immune cells and immune checkpoint sites (all P<0.05). SIRT1, STAT3, and TLR2 were identified by the DGIdb database as potentially regulated by multiple drugs. Finally, 7 genes were verified to have significantly different expressions between the sepsis group and the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The pyroptosis-related genes identified and verified in this study may provide a useful reference for the prediction and assessment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Liao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of General Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhong Wang,
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