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Meng X, Chi H, Zhang Z, Li Q, Sheng X, Tang X, Xing J, Zhan W. Transcriptome Analysis of Peritoneal Cells Reveals the Early Immune Response of Flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus) to Inactivated Vibrio anguillarum Immunization. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1603. [PMID: 37897005 PMCID: PMC10611026 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum (V. anguillarum) is a bacterium that seriously harms flounder and other aquaculture species. Vaccination is an effective means of preventing vibriosis and is mainly administered by intraperitoneal injection. Effective antigen processing at the initial stage of immunization is essential to elicit adaptive immune responses and improve vaccine efficacy. To understand the early immune response of flounder caused by inactivated V. anguillarum, we detected the transcriptome profiles of the cells in the peritoneal cavity (PoPerCs) after inactivated V. anguillarum immunization. More than 10 billion high-quality reads were obtained, of which about 89.33% were successfully mapped to the reference genome of flounder. A total of 1985, 3072, 4001, and 5476 differentially expressed genes were captured at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post immunization, respectively. The hub module correlated with the immunization time was identified by WGCNA. GO and KEGG analysis showed that hub module genes were abundantly expressed in various immune-related aspects, including the response to stimuli, the immune system process, signal transducer activity, autophagy, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the T cell receptor signaling pathway, and Th17 cell differentiation. Additionally, genes related to Th cell differentiation are presented as heatmaps. These genes constitute a complex immune regulatory network, mainly involved in pathogen recognition, antigen processing and presentation, and Th cell differentiation. The results of this study provide the first transcriptome profile of PoPerCs associated with inactivated V. anguillarum immunity and lay a solid foundation for further studies on effective V. anguillarum vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghu Meng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zuobing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| | - Qian Li
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (X.M.); (Q.L.); (X.S.); (X.T.); (J.X.); (W.Z.)
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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Shi X, Chi H, Sun Y, Tang X, Xing J, Sheng X, Zhan W. The Early Peritoneal Cavity Immune Response to Vibrio Anguillarum Infection and to Inactivated Bacterium in Olive Flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus). Microorganisms 2022; 10:2175. [PMID: 36363767 PMCID: PMC9693283 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The peritoneal cavity plays an important role in the immune response, and intraperitoneal administration is an ideal vaccination route in fish. However, immune responses in the peritoneal cavity of teleost fish are still not completely characterized. This study characterized the morphology of peritoneal cavity cells (PerC cells) and their composition in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Flow cytometric analysis of the resident PerC cells revealed two populations varying in granularity and size. One population, approximately 15.43% ± 1.8%, was smaller with a lower granularity, designated as lymphocytes. The other population of the cells, about 78.17% ± 3.52%, was larger with higher granularity and was designated as myeloid cells. The results of cytochemical staining and transmission electron microscopy indicated that peritoneal cavity in flounder normally contains a resident population of leukocytes dominated by granulocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. The percentages of IgM+, CD4+, G-CSFR+, MHCII+, and CD83+ leukocytes among PerC cells determined by flow cytometry were 3.13% ± 0.4%, 2.83% ± 0.53%, 21.12% ± 1.44%, 27.11% ± 3.30%, and 19.64% ± 0.31%, respectively. Further, the changes in IgM+, CD4+, G-CSFR+, MHCII+, and CD83+ leukocytes in flounder after Vibrio anguillarum infection and immunization were compared. The composition changed rapidly after the infection or vaccination treatment and included two stages, a non-specific stage dominated by phagocytes and a specific immune stage dominated by lymphocytes. Due to the virulence effectors of bacteria, the infected group exhibited a more intense and complicated PerC cells immune response than that of the immunization group. Following our previous study, this is the first report on the morphology and composition of PerC cells and the early activation of PerC cells in flounder response to V. anguillarum infection and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Shi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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