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Rai AK, Satija NK. A comparative analysis of daunorubicin and its metabolite daunorubicinol interaction with apoptotic and drug resistance proteins using in silico approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10737-10749. [PMID: 36907598 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2187214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Daunorubicin (DNR) is a chemotherapeutic drug associated with multiple side effects, including drug resistance. As the molecular mechanism related to these side effects remain unclear and mostly hypothesized, this study addresses and compares the role of DNR and its metabolite Daunorubicinol (DAUNol) to induce apoptosis and drug resistance using molecular docking, Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation, MM-PBSA and chemical pathway analysis. The results showed that DNR's interaction was stronger with Bax protein, Mcl-1:mNoxaB and Mcl-1:Bim protein complexes than DAUNol. On the other hand, contrasting results were obtained for drug resistance proteins where stronger interaction was obtained with DAUNol compared to DNR. Further, MD simulation performed for 100 ns provided the details of protein-ligand interaction. Most notable was the interaction of Bax protein with DNR, resulting in conformational changes at α-helices 5, 6 and 9, leading to Bax activation. Finally, the chemical signalling pathway analysis also revealed the regulation of different signalling pathways by DNR and DAUNol. It was observed that DNR majorly impacted the signalling associated with apoptosis while DAUNol mainly targeted pathways related to multidrug resistance and cardiotoxicity. Overall, the results highlight that DNR biotransformation reduces its capability to induce apoptosis while enhancing its ability to induce drug resistance and off-target toxicity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Kumar Rai
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar Satija
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Desai VG, Azevedo-Pouly A, Vijay V, Phanavanh B, Moland CL, Han T, Revollo J, Aryal B, Rao VA, Fuscoe JC. Potential role of the apelin-APJ pathway in sex-related differential cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:557-576. [PMID: 36227756 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical findings suggest sexual dimorphism in cardiotoxicity induced by a chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin (DOX). However, molecular alterations leading to sex-related differential vulnerability of heart to DOX toxicity are not fully explored. In the present study, RNA sequencing in hearts of B6C3F1 mice indicated more differentially expressed genes in males than females (224 vs. 19; ≥1.5-fold, False Discovery Rate [FDR] < 0.05) at 1 week after receiving 24 mg/kg total cumulative DOX dose that induced cardiac lesions only in males. Pathway analysis further revealed probable inactivation of cardiac apelin fibroblast signaling pathway (p = 0.00004) only in DOX-treated male mice that showed ≥1.25-fold downregulation in the transcript and protein levels of the apelin receptor, APJ. In hearts of DOX-treated females, the transcript levels of apelin (1.24-fold) and APJ (1.47-fold) were significantly (p < 0.05) increased compared to saline-treated controls. Sex-related differential DOX effect was also observed on molecular targets downstream of the apelin-APJ pathway in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. In cardiac fibroblasts, upregulation of Tgf-β2, Ctgf, Sphk1, Serpine1, and Timp1 (fibrosis; FDR < 0.05) in DOX-treated males and upregulation of only Tgf-β2 and Timp1 (p < 0.05) in females suggested a greater DOX toxicity in hearts of males than females. Additionally, Ryr2 and Serca2 (calcium handling; FDR < 0.05) were downregulated in conjunction with 1.35-fold upregulation of Casp12 (sarcoplasmic reticulum-mediated apoptosis; FDR < 0.05) in DOX-treated male mice. Drug effect on the transcript level of these genes was less severe in female hearts. Collectively, these data suggest a likely role of the apelin-APJ axis in sex-related differential DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in our mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha G Desai
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ana Azevedo-Pouly
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Vikrant Vijay
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Bounleut Phanavanh
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Carrie L Moland
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Javier Revollo
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Baikuntha Aryal
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - V Ashutosh Rao
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
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3
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Kundu A, Jaiswal N, Rao U, Somvanshi VS. Stringent in-silico identification of putative G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. J Nematol 2023; 55:20230038. [PMID: 38026552 PMCID: PMC10670001 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The infective juveniles (IJs) of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora find and infect their host insects in heterogeneous soil ecosystems by sensing a universal host cue (CO2) or insect/plant-derived odorants, which bind to various sensory receptors, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Nematode chemosensory GPCRs (NemChRs) bind to a diverse set of ligands, including odor molecules. However, there is a lack of information on the NemChRs in EPNs. Here we identified 21 GPCRs in the H. bacteriophora genome sequence in a triphasic manner, combining various transmembrane detectors and GPCR predictors based on different algorithms, and considering inherent properties of GPCRs. The pipeline was validated by reciprocal BLAST, InterProscan, GPCR-CA, and NCBI CDD search. Functional classification of predicted GPCRs using Pfam revealed the presence of four NemChRs. Additionally, GPCRs were classified into various families based on the reciprocal BLAST approach into a frizzled type, a secretin type, and 19 rhodopsin types of GPCRs. Gi/o is the most abundant kind of G-protein, having a coupling specificity to all the fetched GPCRs. As the 21 GPCRs identified are expected to play a crucial role in the host-seeking behavior, these might be targeted to develop novel insect-pest management strategies by tweaking EPN IJ behavior, or to design novel anthelminthic drugs. Our new and stringent GPCR detection pipeline may also be used to identify GPCRs from the genome sequence of other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artha Kundu
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
| | - Nisha Jaiswal
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
| | - Uma Rao
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
| | - Vishal Singh Somvanshi
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-12, India
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4
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Li Y, Gao H, Yu R, Zhang Y, Feng F, Tang J, Li B. Identification and characterization of G protein-coupled receptors in Spodoptera frugiperda (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 317:113976. [PMID: 35016911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.113976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (Insecta: Lepidoptera) is a destructive invasive pest feeding on various plants and causing serious damage to several economically-important crops. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are cellular receptors that coordinate diverse signaling processes, associated with many physiological processes and disease states. However, less information about GPCRs had been reported in S. frugiperda, limiting the recognition of signaling system and in-depth studies of this pest. Here, a total of 167 GPCRs were identified in S. frugiperda. Compared with other insects, the GPCRs of S. frugiperda were significantly expanded. A large of tandem duplication and segmental duplication events were observed, which may be the key factor to increase the size of GPCR family. In detail, these expansion events mainly concentrate on biogenic amine receptors, neuropeptide and protein hormone receptors, which may be involved in feeding, reproduction, life span, and tolerance of S. frugiperda. Additionally, 17 Mth/Mthl members were identified in S. frugiperda, which may be similar to the evolutionary pattern of 16 Mth/Mthl members in Drosophila. Moreover, the expression patterns across different developmental stages of all GPCR genes were also analyzed. Among these, most of the GPCR genes are poorly expressed in S. frugiperda and some highly expressed GPCR genes help S. frugiperda adapt to the environment better, such as Rh6 and AkhR. In this study, all GPCRs in S. frugiperda were identified for the first time, which provided a basis for further revealing the role of these receptors in the physiological and behavioral regulation of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Bohm A, Snopek P, Tothova L, Bezak B, Jajcay N, Vachalcova M, Uher T, Kurecko M, Kissova V, Danova K, Olejnik P, Michalek P, Hlavata T, Petrikova K, Mojto V, Kyselovic J, Farsky S. Association Between Apelin and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With High Risk of Ischemic Stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:742601. [PMID: 34712712 PMCID: PMC8545982 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.742601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with high risk of stroke preventable by timely initiation of anticoagulation. Currently available screening tools based on ECG are not optimal due to inconvenience and high costs. Aim of this study was to study the diagnostic value of apelin for AF in patients with high risk of stroke. Methods: We designed a multicenter, matched-cohort study. The population consisted of three study groups: a healthy control group (34 patients) and two matched groups of 60 patients with high risk of stroke (AF and non-AF group). Apelin levels were examined from peripheral blood. Results: Apelin was significantly lower in AF group compared to non-AF group (0.694 ± 0.148 vs. 0.975 ± 0.458 ng/ml, p = 0.001) and control group (0.982 ± 0.060 ng/ml, p < 0.001), respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of apelin as a predictor of AF scored area under the curve (AUC) of 0.658. Apelin's concentration of 0.969 [ng/ml] had sensitivity = 0.966 and specificity = 0.467. Logistic regression based on manual feature selection showed that only apelin and NT-proBNP were independent predictors of AF. Logistic regression based on selection from bivariate analysis showed that only apelin was an independent predictor of AF. A logistic regression model using repeated stratified K-Fold cross-validation strategy scored an AUC of 0.725 ± 0.131. Conclusions: Our results suggest that apelin might be used to rule out AF in patients with high risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Bohm
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia.,3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Premedix Academy, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Snopek
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty Hospital Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.,St. Elizabeth University of Health and Social Work in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubomira Tothova
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Bezak
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nikola Jajcay
- Premedix Academy, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Complex Systems, Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marianna Vachalcova
- 1st Department of Cardiology, East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | | | - Marian Kurecko
- 1st Department of Cardiology, East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Viera Kissova
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Danova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Olejnik
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Tereza Hlavata
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Viliam Mojto
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Kyselovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stefan Farsky
- House of the Heart (Dom Srdca), Slovak League Against Hypertension, Martin, Slovakia
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Hsu PY, Mammadova A, Benkirane-Jessel N, Désaubry L, Nebigil CG. Updates on Anticancer Therapy-Mediated Vascular Toxicity and New Horizons in Therapeutic Strategies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:694711. [PMID: 34386529 PMCID: PMC8353082 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.694711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular toxicity is a frequent adverse effect of current anticancer chemotherapies and often results from endothelial dysfunction. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFi), anthracyclines, plant alkaloids, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and radiation therapy evoke vascular toxicity. These anticancer treatments not only affect tumor vascularization in a beneficial manner, they also damage ECs in the heart. Cardiac ECs have a vital role in cardiovascular functions including hemostasis, inflammatory and coagulation responses, vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis. EC damage can be resulted from capturing angiogenic factors, inhibiting EC proliferation, survival and signal transduction, or altering vascular tone. EC dysfunction accounts for the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction, atherothrombosis, microangiopathies, and hypertension. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on vascular toxicity leading to hypertension, microvascular rarefaction thrombosis and atherosclerosis, and affecting drug delivery. We also describe the potential therapeutic approaches such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-B and prokineticin receptor-1 agonists to maintain endothelial function during or following treatments with chemotherapeutic agents, without affecting anti-tumor effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Canan G. Nebigil
- INSERM UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine, University of Strasbourg, FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de l'Université de Strasbourg), Strasbourg, France
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Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a blood plasma glycoprotein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb) and plays a critical role in tissue protection and the prevention of oxidative damage. In addition, it has a number of regulatory functions. Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein, its concentration in plasma changes in pathology, and the test for its concentration is part of normal clinical practice. Haptoglobin is a conservative protein synthesized mainly in the liver and lungs and is the subject of research as a potential biomarker of many diseases, including various forms of malignant neoplasms. Haptoglobin has several unique biophysical characteristics. Only in humans, the Hp gene is polymorphic, has three structural alleles that control the synthesis of three major phenotypes of Hp, homozygous Hp1-1 and Hp2-2, and heterozygous Hp2-1, determined by a combination of allelic variants that are inherited. Numerous studies indicate that the phenotype of haptoglobin can be used to judge the individual's predisposition to various diseases. In addition, Hp undergoes various post-translational modifications (PTMs). These are structural transformations (removal of the signal peptide, cutting of the Pre-Hp precursor molecule into two subunits, α and β, limited proteolysis of α-chains, formation of disulfide bonds, multimerization), as well as chemical modifications of α-chains and glycosylation of the β-chain. Glycosylation of the β-chain of haptoglobin at four Asn sites is the most important variable PTM that regulates the structure and function of the glycoprotein. The study of modified oligosaccharides of the Hp β-chain has become the main direction in the study of pathological processes, including malignant neoplasms. Many studies are focused on the identification of PTM and changes in the level of the α2-chain of this protein in pathology. These characteristics of Hp indicate the possibility of the existence of this protein as different proteoforms, probably with different functions. This review is devoted to the description of the structural and functional diversity of Hp and its potential use as a biomarker of various pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Naryzhny
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics B.P. Konstantinova National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina, Russia
| | - O K Legina
- Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics B.P. Konstantinova National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina, Russia
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Cardinale D, Iacopo F, Cipolla CM. Cardiotoxicity of Anthracyclines. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:26. [PMID: 32258060 PMCID: PMC7093379 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a feared side effect that may limit the clinical use of anthracyclines. It may indeed affect the quality of life and survival of patients with cancer, regardless of oncological prognosis. This paper provides an overview of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in terms of definition, classification, incidence, risk factors, possible mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment. We also report effective strategies for preventing cardiotoxicity. In addition, we discuss limiting current approaches, the need for a new classification, and early cardiotoxicity detection and treatment. Probably, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is a continuous phenomenon that starts from myocardial cell injury; it is followed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and, if not diagnosed and cured early, progressively leads to symptomatic heart failure. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity can be detected at a preclinical phase. The role of biomarkers, in particular troponins, in identifying subclinical cardiotoxicity and its therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (mainly enalapril) to prevent LVEF reduction is a recognized and effective strategy. If cardiac dysfunction has already occurred, partial or complete LVEF recovery may still be obtained in case of early detection of cardiotoxicity and prompt heart failure treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cardinale
- Cardioncology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiani Iacopo
- Cardioncology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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