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Dracheva KV, Pobozheva IA, Anisimova KA, Panteleeva AA, Garaeva LA, Balandov SG, Hamid ZM, Vasilevsky DI, Pchelina SN, Miroshnikova VV. Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Adipose Tissue during Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Influence Reverse Cholesterol Transport-Related Gene Expression in Human Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6457. [PMID: 38928163 PMCID: PMC11204239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adipose tissue (AT) extracellular vesicles (EVs) could play a role in obesity and T2DM associated CVD progression via the influence of their specific cargo on gene expression in recipient cells. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of AT EVs of patients with obesity with/without T2DM on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT)-related gene expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from healthy donors. AT EVs were obtained after ex vivo cultivation of visceral and subcutaneous AT (VAT and SAT, respectively). ABCA1, ABCG1, PPARG, LXRβ (NR1H2), and LXRα (NR1H3) mRNA levels in MDMs as well as in origine AT were determined by a real-time PCR. T2DM VAT and SAT EVs induced ABCG1 gene expression whereas LXRα and PPARG mRNA levels were simultaneously downregulated. PPARG mRNA levels also decreased in the presence of VAT EVs of obese patients without T2DM. In contrast ABCA1 and LXRβ mRNA levels tended to increase with the addition of obese AT EVs. Thus, AT EVs can influence RCT gene expression in MDMs during obesity, and the effects are dependent on T2DM status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia V. Dracheva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (K.V.D.); (I.A.P.); (A.A.P.); (L.A.G.); (S.N.P.)
- Department of Molecular-Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Scientific Research Center, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina A. Pobozheva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (K.V.D.); (I.A.P.); (A.A.P.); (L.A.G.); (S.N.P.)
- Department of Molecular-Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Scientific Research Center, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kristina A. Anisimova
- Center for Surgical Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia; (K.A.A.); (S.G.B.); (Z.M.H.); (D.I.V.)
| | - Aleksandra A. Panteleeva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (K.V.D.); (I.A.P.); (A.A.P.); (L.A.G.); (S.N.P.)
- Department of Molecular-Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Scientific Research Center, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Luiza A. Garaeva
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (K.V.D.); (I.A.P.); (A.A.P.); (L.A.G.); (S.N.P.)
| | - Stanislav G. Balandov
- Center for Surgical Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia; (K.A.A.); (S.G.B.); (Z.M.H.); (D.I.V.)
| | - Zarina M. Hamid
- Center for Surgical Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia; (K.A.A.); (S.G.B.); (Z.M.H.); (D.I.V.)
| | - Dmitriy I. Vasilevsky
- Center for Surgical Treatment of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia; (K.A.A.); (S.G.B.); (Z.M.H.); (D.I.V.)
| | - Sofya N. Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (K.V.D.); (I.A.P.); (A.A.P.); (L.A.G.); (S.N.P.)
- Department of Molecular-Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Scientific Research Center, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Research Institution “Institute of Experimental Medicine”, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valentina V. Miroshnikova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Russia; (K.V.D.); (I.A.P.); (A.A.P.); (L.A.G.); (S.N.P.)
- Department of Molecular-Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Scientific Research Center, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St.-Petersburg, Russia
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Hashemi A, Ezati M, Nasr MP, Zumberg I, Provaznik V. Extracellular Vesicles and Hydrogels: An Innovative Approach to Tissue Regeneration. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6184-6218. [PMID: 38371801 PMCID: PMC10870307 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have emerged as promising tools in regenerative medicine due to their inherent ability to facilitate intercellular communication and modulate cellular functions. These nanosized vesicles transport bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which can affect the behavior of recipient cells and promote tissue regeneration. However, the therapeutic application of these vesicles is frequently constrained by their rapid clearance from the body and inability to maintain a sustained presence at the injury site. In order to overcome these obstacles, hydrogels have been used as extracellular vesicle delivery vehicles, providing a localized and controlled release system that improves their therapeutic efficacy. This Review will examine the role of extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels in tissue regeneration, discussing potential applications, current challenges, and future directions. We will investigate the origins, composition, and characterization techniques of extracellular vesicles, focusing on recent advances in exosome profiling and the role of machine learning in this field. In addition, we will investigate the properties of hydrogels that make them ideal extracellular vesicle carriers. Recent studies utilizing this combination for tissue regeneration will be highlighted, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape and potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hashemi
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Masoumeh Ezati
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Minoo Partovi Nasr
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Inna Zumberg
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Valentine Provaznik
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3082/12, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Martins-Marques T, Girão H. The good, the bad and the ugly: the impact of extracellular vesicles on the cardiovascular system. J Physiol 2023; 601:4837-4852. [PMID: 35348208 DOI: 10.1113/jp282048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which encompass a myriad of pathological conditions that affect the heart and/or the blood vessels, remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. By transferring a wide variety of bioactive molecules, including proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as key players in long-range communication across the cardiovascular system. It has been demonstrated that these highly heterogeneous nanosized vesicles participate both in the maintenance of homeostasis of the heart and vessels, and contribute to the pathophysiology of CVDs, thus emerging as promising tools for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of multiple CVDs. In this review, we highlight the beneficial roles of EV-mediated communication in regulating vascular homeostasis, and inter-organ crosstalk as a potential mechanism controlling systemic metabolic fitness. In addition, the impact of EV secretion in disease development is described, particularly focusing on cardiac remodelling following ischaemia, atherogenesis and atrial fibrillation progression. Finally, we discuss the potential of endogenous and bioengineered EVs as therapeutic tools for CVDs, as well as the suitability of assessing the molecular signature of circulating EVs as a non-invasive predictive marker of CVD onset and progression. This rapidly expanding field of research has established the role of EVs as key conveyors of both cardioprotective and detrimental signals, which might be of relevance in uncovering novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Martins-Marques
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Michel LYM. Extracellular Vesicles in Adipose Tissue Communication with the Healthy and Pathological Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097745. [PMID: 37175451 PMCID: PMC10177965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue and its diverse cell types constitute one of the largest endocrine organs. With multiple depot locations, adipose tissue plays an important regulatory role through paracrine and endocrine communication, particularly through the secretion of a wide range of bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids or adipocytokines. Over the past several years, research has uncovered a myriad of interorgan communication signals mediated by small lipid-derived nanovesicles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), in which secreted bioactive molecules are stably transported as cargo molecules and delivered to adjacent cells or remote organs. EVs constitute an essential part of the human adipose secretome, and there is a growing body of evidence showing the crucial implications of adipose-derived EVs in the regulation of heart function and its adaptative capacity. The adipose tissue modifications and dysfunction observed in obesity and aging tremendously affect the adipose-EV secretome, with important consequences for the myocardium. The present review presents a comprehensive analysis of the findings in this novel area of research, reports the key roles played by adipose-derived EVs in interorgan cross-talk with the heart and discusses their implications in physiological and pathological conditions affecting adipose tissue and/or the heart (pressure overload, ischemia, diabetic cardiomyopathy, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Y M Michel
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 57 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Feng Q, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Kong X, He Z, Ji J, Yang X, Zhai G. Research progress of exosomes as drug carriers in cancer and inflammation. J Drug Target 2023; 31:335-353. [PMID: 36543743 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2162059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) could be produced by most cells and play an important role in disease development. As a subtype of EVs, exosomes exhibit suitable size, rich surface markers and diverse contents, making them more appealing as potential drug carriers. Compared with traditional synthetic nanoparticles, exosomes possess superior biocompatibility and much lower immunogenicity. This work reviewed the most up-to-date research progress of exosomes as carriers for nucleic acids, proteins and small molecule drugs for cancer and inflammation management. The drug loading strategies and potential cellular uptake behaviour of exosomes are highlighted, trying to provide reference for future exosome design and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yuelin Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xinru Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhijing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Zhang C, Wu X, Shi P, Ma H, Fang F, Feng Q, Zhao S, Zhang R, Huang J, Xu X, Xiao W, Cao G, Ji X. Diterpenoids inhibit ox-LDL-induced foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells by promoting ABCA1 mediated cholesterol efflux. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1066758. [PMID: 36713845 PMCID: PMC9877220 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1066758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of many cardiovascular diseases and contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The formation of macrophage-derived foam cells plays a critical role in the early stage of atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Diterpenoids found in the flowers of Callicarpa rubella Lindl., a traditional Chinese medicine, have been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. However, little is known about the effects of these diterpenoids on macrophage foam cell formation. Methods: A macrophage-derived foam cell formation model was established by treating RAW264.7 cells with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) for 24 h. Oil red O staining were used to detect the intracellular lipids. The cholesterol efflux capacity was assayed by labeling cells with 22-NBD-cholesterol. Western blots and real-time PCRs were performed to quantify protein and mRNA expressions. Results: Two diterpenoid molecules, 14α-hydroxyisopimaric acid (C069002) and isopimaric acid (C069004), extracted from the flowers of Callicarpa rubella Lindl., significantly attenuated ox-LDL-induced foam cell formation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Further investigation showed that these two diterpenoids could promote cholesterol efflux from RAW264.7 macrophages to apolipoprotein A-I or high-density lipoproteins, which was associated with upregulated expression of ATP-binding cassette A1/G1 (ABCA1/G1), liver X receptor-α (LXRα), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). Unexpectedly, the diterpenoids C069002 and C069004 failed to enhance the mRNA transcription of the ABCG1 gene in macrophage-derived foam cells induced by ox-LDL. To evaluate the effects of diterpenoids on macrophage foam cell formation and determine the underlying mechanism, two drugs (lovastatin and rosiglitazone) were used as positive controls. Although both drugs could reduce macrophage foam cell formation and promote cholesterol efflux, they each had distinctive abilities to modulate the expression of cholesterol efflux-related genes. In contrast to lovastatin, rosiglitazone showed a similar influence on the expression of cholesterol efflux-related genes (including ABCA1, LXRα, and PPARγ) as the diterpenoids regardless of the presence or absence of ox-LDL, implying a similar mechanism by which they may exert atheroprotective effects. Conclusion: Our research indicates that diterpenoids effectively inhibit ox-LDL-induced macrophage foam cell formation by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages via the PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1 pathway. Further investigation of diterpenoids as potential drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuewen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Pengmin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qianlang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruipu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jinyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinting Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Xinting Xu, ; Weilie Xiao, ; Guang Cao, ; Xu Ji,
| | - Weilie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Xinting Xu, ; Weilie Xiao, ; Guang Cao, ; Xu Ji,
| | - Guang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Xinting Xu, ; Weilie Xiao, ; Guang Cao, ; Xu Ji,
| | - Xu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research and Development of Natural Products, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, China,*Correspondence: Xinting Xu, ; Weilie Xiao, ; Guang Cao, ; Xu Ji,
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Ren Y, Zhang H. Emerging role of exosomes in vascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1090909. [PMID: 36937921 PMCID: PMC10017462 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1090909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are biological small spherical lipid bilayer vesicles secreted by most cells in the body. Their contents include nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Exosomes can transfer material molecules between cells and consequently have a variety of biological functions, participating in disease development while exhibiting potential value as biomarkers and therapeutics. Growing evidence suggests that exosomes are vital mediators of vascular remodeling. Endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), inflammatory cells, and adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) can communicate through exosomes; such communication is associated with inflammatory responses, cell migration and proliferation, and cell metabolism, leading to changes in vascular function and structure. Essential hypertension (EH), atherosclerosis (AS), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are the most common vascular diseases and are associated with significant vascular remodeling. This paper reviews the latest research progress on the involvement of exosomes in vascular remodeling through intercellular information exchange and provides new ideas for understanding related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Honggang Zhang
- Institute of Microcirculation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Honggang Zhang,
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Sheng W, Ji G, Zhang L. Role of macrophage scavenger receptor MSR1 in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1050984. [PMID: 36591228 PMCID: PMC9797536 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1050984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the dysregulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress are the typical features. Subsequent dyslipidemia and oxygen radical production may render the formation of modified lipids. Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) is responsible for the uptake of modified lipoprotein and is one of the key molecules in atherosclerosis. However, the unrestricted uptake of modified lipoproteins by MSR1 and the formation of cholesterol-rich foamy macrophages also can be observed in NASH patients and mouse models. In this review, we highlight the dysregulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in NASH, the alteration of MSR1 expression in physiological and pathological conditions, the formation of modified lipoproteins, and the role of MSR1 on macrophage foaming and NASH development and progression.
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Liu J, Gao A, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhang D, Lin X, Hu C, Zhu Y, Du Y, Han H, Li Y, Xu S, Liu T, Zhang C, Zhu J, Dong R, Zhou Y, Zhao Y. MicroRNA Expression Profiles of Epicardial Adipose Tissue-Derived Exosomes in Patients with Coronary Atherosclerosis. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2022; 23:206. [PMID: 39077165 PMCID: PMC11273655 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2306206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Epicardial adipose tissue, exosomes, and miRNAs have important activities in atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to establish miRNA expression profiles of epicardial adipose tissue-derived exosomes in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. Methods Biopsies of epicardial adipose tissue were obtained from patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 12 and NCAD, n = 12) during elective open-heart surgeries. Tissue was incubated with DMEM-F12 for 24 hours. Exosomes were isolated, then nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and immunoblotting were performed to confirm the existence of exosomes. Total RNA in exosomes was subjected to high-throughput sequencing to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. MicroRNA target gene prediction was performed, and target genes were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO), the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and mirPath to identify function. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR was performed to confirm the differentially expressed miRNAs. Results Fifty-three unique miRNAs were identified (adjusted p < 0.05, fold of change > 2), among which 32 miRNAs were upregulated and 21 miRNAs were downregulated in coronary artery disease patients. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR validated the results for seven miRNAs including miR-141-3p, miR-183-5p, miR-200a-5p, miR-205-5p, miR-429, miR-382-5p and miR-485-3p, with the last two downregulated. GO and KEGG analysis by mirPath indicated that these differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in cell survival, apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation. Conclusions Coronary artery disease patients showed differential epicardial adipose tissue exosomal miRNA expression compared with patients without coronary artery disease. The results provide clues for further studies of mechanisms of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Ang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Xuze Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100037 Beijing, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Hongya Han
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Taoshuai Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Chenhan Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Junming Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Ran Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease, Clinical center for coronary heart disease, Capital Medical University, 100029 Beijing, China
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