1
|
Meng Z, Liu C, Xu M, Tao Y, Li H, Wang X, Liao J, Wang M. Adipose transplantation improves metabolism and atherosclerosis but not perivascular adipose tissue abnormality or vascular dysfunction in lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe null mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1410-C1422. [PMID: 38525541 PMCID: PMC11371364 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00698.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Adipose dysfunction in lipodystrophic SEIPIN deficiency is associated with multiple metabolic disorders and increased risks of developing cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. Recently, adipose transplantation has been found to correct adipose dysfunction and metabolic disorders in lipodystrophic Seipin knockout mice; however, whether adipose transplantation could improve lipodystrophy-associated cardiovascular consequences is still unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of adipose transplantation on lipodystrophy-associated metabolic cardiovascular diseases in Seipin knockout mice crossed into atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E (Apoe) knockout background. At 2 months of age, lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice and nonlipodystrophic Apoe knockout controls were subjected to adipose transplantation or sham operation. Seven months later, mice were euthanized. Our data showed that although adipose transplantation had no significant impact on endogenous adipose atrophy or gene expression, it remarkably increased plasma leptin but not adiponectin concentration in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice. This led to significantly reduced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice. Consequently, atherosclerosis burden, intraplaque macrophage infiltration, and aortic inflammatory gene expression were all attenuated in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice with adipose transplantation. However, adipocyte morphology, macrophage infiltration, or fibrosis of the perivascular adipose tissue was not altered in Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice with adipose transplantation, followed by no significant improvement of vasoconstriction or relaxation. In conclusion, we demonstrate that adipose transplantation could alleviate lipodystrophy-associated metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis but has an almost null impact on perivascular adipose abnormality or vascular dysfunction in lipodystrophic Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Adipose transplantation (AT) reverses multiply metabolic derangements in lipodystrophy, but whether it could improve lipodystrophy-related cardiovascular consequences is unknown. Here, using Seipin/Apoe double knockout mice as a lipodystrophy disease model, we showed that AT partially restored adipose functionality, which translated into significantly reduced atherosclerosis. However, AT was incapable of reversing perivascular adipose abnormality or vascular dysfunction. The current study provides preliminary experimental evidence on the therapeutic potential of AT on lipodystrophy-related metabolic cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Meng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuangxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengke Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongqiang Tao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xijia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiawei Liao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mitrofanova A, Merscher S, Fornoni A. Kidney lipid dysmetabolism and lipid droplet accumulation in chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:629-645. [PMID: 37500941 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem with rising incidence and prevalence. Among several pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for disease progression, lipid accumulation in the kidney parenchyma might drive inflammation and fibrosis, as has been described in fatty liver diseases. Lipids and their metabolites have several important structural and functional roles, as they are constituents of cell and organelle membranes, serve as signalling molecules and are used for energy production. However, although lipids can be stored in lipid droplets to maintain lipid homeostasis, lipid accumulation can become pathogenic. Understanding the mechanisms linking kidney parenchymal lipid accumulation to CKD of metabolic or non-metabolic origin is challenging, owing to the tremendous variety of lipid species and their functional diversity across different parenchymal cells. Nonetheless, multiple research reports have begun to emphasize the effect of dysregulated kidney lipid metabolism in CKD progression. For example, altered cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism contribute to glomerular and tubular cell injury. Newly developed lipid-targeting agents are being tested in clinical trials in CKD, raising expectations for further therapeutic development in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Freitas IN, da Silva Jr JA, de Oliveira KM, Lourençoni Alves B, Dos Reis Araújo T, Camporez JP, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Insights by which TUDCA is a potential therapy against adiposity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1090039. [PMID: 36896173 PMCID: PMC9989466 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1090039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an organ with metabolic and endocrine activity. White, brown and ectopic adipose tissues have different structure, location, and function. Adipose tissue regulates energy homeostasis, providing energy in nutrient-deficient conditions and storing it in high-supply conditions. To attend to the high demand for energy storage during obesity, the adipose tissue undergoes morphological, functional and molecular changes. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been evidenced as a molecular hallmark of metabolic disorders. In this sense, the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a bile acid conjugated to taurine with chemical chaperone activity, has emerged as a therapeutic strategy to minimize adipose tissue dysfunction and metabolic alterations associated with obesity. In this review, we highlight the effects of TUDCA and receptors TGR5 and FXR on adipose tissue in the setting of obesity. TUDCA has been demonstrated to limit metabolic disturbs associated to obesity by inhibiting ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in adipocytes. The beneficial effect of TUDCA on perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function and adiponectin release may be related to cardiovascular protection in obesity, although more studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms. Therefore, TUDCA has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israelle Netto Freitas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Paulo Camporez
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ana Paula Davel,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Yang X, Peng L, Xia Q, Zhang Y, Huang W, Liu T, Jia D. Role of Seipin in Human Diseases and Experimental Animal Models. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060840. [PMID: 35740965 PMCID: PMC9221541 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Seipin, a protein encoded by the Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2 (BSCL2) gene, is famous for its key role in the biogenesis of lipid droplets and type 2 congenital generalised lipodystrophy (CGL2). BSCL2 gene mutations result in genetic diseases including CGL2, progressive encephalopathy with or without lipodystrophy (also called Celia’s encephalopathy), and BSCL2-associated motor neuron diseases. Abnormal expression of seipin has also been found in hepatic steatosis, neurodegenerative diseases, glioblastoma stroke, cardiac hypertrophy, and other diseases. In the current study, we comprehensively summarise phenotypes, underlying mechanisms, and treatment of human diseases caused by BSCL2 gene mutations, paralleled by animal studies including systemic or specific Bscl2 gene knockout, or Bscl2 gene overexpression. In various animal models representing diseases that are not related to Bscl2 mutations, differential expression patterns and functional roles of seipin are also described. Furthermore, we highlight the potential therapeutic approaches by targeting seipin or its upstream and downstream signalling pathways. Taken together, restoring adipose tissue function and targeting seipin-related pathways are effective strategies for CGL2 treatment. Meanwhile, seipin-related pathways are also considered to have potential therapeutic value in diseases that are not caused by BSCL2 gene mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Li
- West China Pancreatitis Centre, Centre for Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (Q.X.)
| | - Xinmin Yang
- West China Pancreatitis Centre, Centre for Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (Q.X.)
| | - Linrui Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.P.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Pancreatitis Centre, Centre for Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (Q.X.)
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.P.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Pancreatitis Centre, Centre for Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (Q.X.)
- Institutes for Systems Genetics & Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (T.L.)
| | - Tingting Liu
- West China Pancreatitis Centre, Centre for Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.L.); (X.Y.); (Q.X.)
- Correspondence: (W.H.); (T.L.)
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Magré J, Prieur X. Seipin Deficiency as a Model of Severe Adipocyte Dysfunction: Lessons from Rodent Models and Teaching for Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:740. [PMID: 35054926 PMCID: PMC8775404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity prevalence is increasing worldwide, leading to cardiometabolic morbidities. Adipocyte dysfunction, impairing white adipose tissue (WAT) expandability and metabolic flexibility, is central in the development of obesity-related metabolic complications. Rare syndromes of lipodystrophy characterized by an extreme paucity of functional adipose tissue should be considered as primary adipocyte dysfunction diseases. Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL) is the most severe form with a near absence of WAT associated with cardiometabolic complications such as insulin resistance, liver steatosis, dyslipidemia, and cardiomyopathy. Twenty years ago, mutations in the BSCL2 gene have been identified as the cause of BSCL in human. BSCL2 encodes seipin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) anchored protein whose function was unknown back then. Studies of seipin knockout mice or rats demonstrated how seipin deficiency leads to severe lipodystrophy and to cardiometabolic complications. At the cellular levels, seipin is organized in multimers that are particularly enriched at ER/lipid droplet and ER/mitochondria contact sites. Seipin deficiency impairs both adipocyte differentiation and mature adipocyte maintenance. Experiments using adipose tissue transplantation in seipin knockout mice and tissue-specific deletion of seipin have provided a large body of evidence that liver steatosis, cardiomyopathy, and renal injury, classical diabetic complications, are all consequences of lipodystrophy. Rare adipocyte dysfunctions such as in BSCL are the key paradigm to unravel the pathways that control adipocyte homeostasis. The knowledge gathered through the study of these pathologies may bring new strategies to maintain and improve adipose tissue expandability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Prieur
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, L’institut du Thorax, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| |
Collapse
|