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Son JH, Park JK, Bang JH, Kim D, Moon I, Kong MG, Park HW, Choi HO, Seo HS, Cho YH, Chang HS, Suh J. Exosomal miRNAs Differentiate Chronic Total Occlusion from Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10223. [PMID: 39337705 PMCID: PMC11432064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Although coronary artery occlusion can have a negative effect on the myocardium, chronic total occlusion (CTO) exhibits different clinical features from those of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we identify the differential associations of exosomal miRNAs with CTO and AMI. Exosomes were isolated from the plasma obtained from coronary arteries of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention to treat CTO (n = 29) and AMI (n = 24), followed by small RNA sequencing, target gene predictions, and functional enrichment analyses. Promising miRNA markers were validated using real-time PCR in 35 CTO, 35 AMI, and 10 normal subjects. A total of 205 miRNAs were detected in all subjects, and 20 and 12 miRNAs were upregulated and downregulated in CTO compared to AMI patients, respectively (|fold change| > 4, FDR q < 0.05). The target genes of miRNAs that were higher in CTO patients were associated with "regulation of cell cycle phase transition", "cell growth", and "apoptosis". The target genes of miRNAs that were lower in CTO patients were enriched in terms such as "muscle cell differentiation", "response to oxygen levels", and "artery morphogenesis". On qRT-PCR analysis, the expression levels of miR-9-5p and miR-127-3p were significantly different between CTO and AMI patients. The miRNA expression levels accurately distinguished CTO from AMI patients with 79% specificity and 97% sensitivity. The miRNA contents of plasma exosomes were significantly different between CTO and AMI patients. The miRNAs may play important roles in CTO and AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Son
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.S.); (J.-H.B.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 33151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kyu Park
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Ji-Hong Bang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.S.); (J.-H.B.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 33151, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongeon Kim
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Inki Moon
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Min Gyu Kong
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Hyun-Woo Park
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Hyung-Oh Choi
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Hye-Sun Seo
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Yoon Haeng Cho
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
| | - Hun Soo Chang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.S.); (J.-H.B.)
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 33151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jon Suh
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (J.K.P.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (M.G.K.); (H.-W.P.); (H.-O.C.); (H.-S.S.); (Y.H.C.)
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Sahoo RK, Tripathi SK, Biswal S, Panda M, Mathapati SS, Biswal BK. Transforming native exosomes to engineered drug vehicles: A smart solution to modern cancer theranostics. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300370. [PMID: 38375578 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes have been the hidden treasure of the cell in terms of cellular interactions, transportation and therapy. The native exosomes (NEx) secreted by the parent cells hold promising aspects in cancer diagnosis and therapy. NEx has low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, low toxicity and high stability which enables them to be an ideal prognostic biomarker in cancer diagnosis. However, due to heterogeneity, NEx lacks specificity and accuracy to be used as therapeutic drug delivery vehicle in cancer therapy. Transforming these NEx with their innate structure and multiple receptors to engineered exosomes (EEx) can provide better opportunities in the field of cancer theranostics. The surface of the NEx exhibits numeric receptors which can be modified to pave the direction of its therapeutic drug delivery in cancer therapy. Through surface membrane, EEx can be modified with increased drug loading potentiality and higher target specificity to act as a therapeutic nanocarrier for drug delivery. This review provides insights into promising aspects of NEx as a prognostic biomarker and drug delivery tool along with its need for the transformation to EEx in cancer theranostics. We have also highlighted different methods associated with NEx transformations, their nano-bio interaction with recipient cells and major challenges of EEx for clinical application in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar Sahoo
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Surya Kant Tripathi
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stuti Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Munmun Panda
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Santosh S Mathapati
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Bijesh Kumar Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Anousakis-Vlachochristou N, Athanasiadou D, Carneiro KM, Toutouzas K. Focusing on the Native Matrix Proteins in Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1028-1039. [PMID: 37719438 PMCID: PMC10504402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a widespread valvular heart disease affecting people in aging societies, primarily characterized by fibrosis, inflammation, and progressive calcification, leading to valve orifice stenosis. Understanding the factors associated with CAVS onset and progression is crucial to develop effective future pharmaceutical therapies. In CAVS, native extracellular matrix proteins modifications, play a significant role in calcification in vitro and in vivo. This work aimed to review the evidence on the alterations of structural native extracellular matrix proteins involved in calcification development during CAVS and highlight its link to deregulated biomechanical function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karina M.M. Carneiro
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Konstantinos Toutouzas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, First Department of Cardiology, Athens, Greece
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