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Karna B, Pellegata NS, Mohr H. Animal and Cell Culture Models of PPGLs - Achievements and Limitations. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:51-64. [PMID: 38171372 DOI: 10.1055/a-2204-4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Research on rare tumors heavily relies on suitable models for basic and translational research. Paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors (NET), developing from adrenal (pheochromocytoma, PCC) or extra-adrenal (PGL) chromaffin cells, with an annual incidence of 2-8 cases per million. While most PPGL cases exhibit slow growth and are primarily treated with surgery, limited systemic treatment options are available for unresectable or metastatic tumors. Scarcity of appropriate models has hindered PPGL research, preventing the translation of omics knowledge into drug and therapy development. Human PPGL cell lines are not available, and few animal models accurately replicate the disease's genetic and phenotypic characteristics. This review provides an overview of laboratory models for PPGLs, spanning cellular, tissue, organ, and organism levels. We discuss their features, advantages, and potential contributions to diagnostics and therapeutics. Interestingly, it appears that in the PPGL field, disease models already successfully implemented in other cancers have not been fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Karna
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Natalia Simona Pellegata
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hermine Mohr
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Liu Y, Hao P, Liu Z, Li G, Fan G, Xie M, Liu Q. Zinc pyrovanadate nanorods with excellent peroxidase-like activity at physiological pH for the colorimetric assay of H 2O 2 and epinephrine. Analyst 2023; 148:269-277. [PMID: 36510856 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01651f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exploring highly active peroxidase mimics at physiological pH is important for the construction of efficient and convenient colorimetric sensing platforms for detecting small biomolecules. In this work, prepared zinc pyrovanadate (Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O) nanorods exhibit excellent peroxidase-like activity, which is verified by the fast oxidation of colorless 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into a blue product (oxTMB) by H2O2 at physiological pH (pH = 7) in 2 min. In addition, the catalytic behaviors of Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O as a peroxidase-like nanozyme conform to the Michaelis-Menten equation. Scavenger experiments prove that the catalytic activity of Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O is ascribed to ˙O2- radicals generated in the process of catalysis. Based on the peroxidase-like activity of the Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O nanozyme, a fast and convenient colorimetric sensor has been constructed to detect H2O2 and epinephrine (EP) under physiological pH. The detection limit of EP is as low as 0.26 μM. In addition, the feasibility of the proposed sensor has been validated to detect H2O2 in milk and EP in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P R China.
| | - Pingping Hao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P R China.
| | - Zhenchao Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P R China.
| | - Guijiang Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P R China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P R China
| | - Gaochao Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P R China
| | - Min Xie
- Community Health Service Center (University Hospital), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Qingyun Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, P R China.
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Guérineau NC. Recording of Chromaffin Cell Electrical Activity In Situ in Acute Adrenal Slices. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2565:113-127. [PMID: 36205891 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2671-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Because catecholamines secretion mainly relies on the excitable nature of adrenal chromaffin cells, monitoring their electrical activity is an essential step in assessing the adrenal medullary tissue function. The difficult access to the gland in vivo allows only population activity to be recorded in this condition. In vitro preparations allow recordings of spontaneous or evoked activity from single or multiple cells, depending on the biological samples used (dissociated chromaffin cells versus adrenal tissue preparations). In this chapter, I provide a detailed description of the techniques used for electrophysiological recordings in rodent chromaffin cells in acute adrenal slices, using the patch-clamp technique. This methodology allows preservation of the tissue integrity and detection of action potentials, synaptic activity, and secretory events; it is thus suitable for the study of adrenomedullary activity-secretion coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie C Guérineau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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Maeng LY, Rosenfeld D, Simandl GJ, Koehler F, Senko AW, Moon J, Varnavides G, Murillo MF, Reimer AE, Wald A, Anikeeva P, Widge AS. Probing Neuro-Endocrine Interactions Through Remote Magnetothermal Adrenal Stimulation. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:901108. [PMID: 35837128 PMCID: PMC9274974 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.901108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to stressful or traumatic stimuli may alter hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathoadrenal-medullary (SAM) reactivity. This altered reactivity may be a component or cause of mental illnesses. Dissecting these mechanisms requires tools to reliably probe HPA and SAM function, particularly the adrenal component, with temporal precision. We previously demonstrated magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) technology to remotely trigger adrenal hormone release by activating thermally sensitive ion channels. Here, we applied adrenal magnetothermal stimulation to probe stress-induced HPA axis and SAM changes. MNP and control nanoparticles were injected into the adrenal glands of outbred rats subjected to a tone-shock conditioning/extinction/recall paradigm. We measured MNP-triggered adrenal release before and after conditioning through physiologic (heart rate) and serum (epinephrine, corticosterone) markers. Aversive conditioning altered adrenal function, reducing corticosterone and blunting heart rate increases post-conditioning. MNP-based organ stimulation provides a novel approach to probing the function of SAM, HPA, and other neuro-endocrine axes and could help elucidate changes across stress and disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Y. Maeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Dekel Rosenfeld
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Gregory J. Simandl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Florian Koehler
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Alexander W. Senko
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Junsang Moon
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Georgios Varnavides
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Maria F. Murillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Adriano E. Reimer
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Aaron Wald
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Research Laboratory of Electronics and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Polina Anikeeva,
| | - Alik S. Widge
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Alik S. Widge,
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Purnama MTE, Hendrawan D, Wicaksono AP, Fikri F, Purnomo A, Chhetri S. Risk factors, hematological and biochemical profile associated with colic in Delman horses in Gresik, Indonesia. F1000Res 2022; 10:950. [PMID: 35136578 PMCID: PMC8787563 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55312.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Horses are herd animals that have been domesticated in the last century. In several countries, an overview of risk factors and clinical evaluation in horses with colic has not been well‐described. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and hematological profiles in horses associated with colic in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed during April - October 2019. A total of 115 horses were diagnosed based on physical examination, clinical symptoms, and rectal examination. A questionnaire was asked to the horse-owners to analyze the risk factors while the clinical examination was performed and blood samples were collected for pre-treatment and 14 days post-treatment. Hematological profile was evaluated from a whole blood sample. Serum cortisol, plasma epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations were also evaluated after separating the aliquots. Results: Of the 115 horses, 96 were diagnosed with colic. The horses with colic showed a significant association between cases with gender (p<0.021), breed (p<0.000), wheat bran feeding (p<0.015), concentrate feeding (p<0.003), anthelmintics administration (p<0.000), gastrointestinal parasites (p<0.000), dental diseases (p<0.024), previous exposure to colic (p<0.000), body condition score (p<0.000), and access to water per day (p<0.000). Based on whole blood and serum evaluation, there were ameliorated significantly on the hematological profile (p<0.01), serum cortisol (p<0.05), and plasma epinephrine (p<0.01) at 14 days post-treatment. Conclusion: This study has identified factors associated with colic in Delman horses. The study provides crucial information to investigate cases of colic and to contribute the development of healthcare strategies during treatment and clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Dodit Hendrawan
- Animal Health Division, Indonesian Horse Veterinarian Association, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Arya Pradana Wicaksono
- Animal Health Division, Indonesian Horse Veterinarian Association, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Faisal Fikri
- Division of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Agus Purnomo
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Shekhar Chhetri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Lobesa, Punakha, 13001, Bhutan
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Guérineau NC, Campos P, Le Tissier PR, Hodson DJ, Mollard P. Cell Networks in Endocrine/Neuroendocrine Gland Function. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3371-3415. [PMID: 35578964 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction, growth, stress, and metabolism are determined by endocrine/neuroendocrine systems that regulate circulating hormone concentrations. All these systems generate rhythms and changes in hormone pulsatility observed in a variety of pathophysiological states. Thus, the output of endocrine/neuroendocrine systems must be regulated within a narrow window of effective hormone concentrations but must also maintain a capacity for plasticity to respond to changing physiological demands. Remarkably most endocrinologists still have a "textbook" view of endocrine gland organization which has emanated from 20th century histological studies on thin 2D tissue sections. However, 21st -century technological advances, including in-depth 3D imaging of specific cell types have vastly changed our knowledge. We now know that various levels of multicellular organization can be found across different glands, that organizational motifs can vary between species and can be modified to enhance or decrease hormonal release. This article focuses on how the organization of cells regulates hormone output using three endocrine/neuroendocrine glands that present different levels of organization and complexity: the adrenal medulla, with a single neuroendocrine cell type; the anterior pituitary, with multiple intermingled cell types; and the pancreas with multiple intermingled cell types organized into distinct functional units. We give an overview of recent methodologies that allow the study of the different components within endocrine systems, particularly their temporal and spatial relationships. We believe the emerging findings about network organization, and its impact on hormone secretion, are crucial to understanding how homeostatic regulation of endocrine axes is carried out within endocrine organs themselves. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3371-3415, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pauline Campos
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul R Le Tissier
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK.,COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, UK.,Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Patrice Mollard
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Soucy JR, Burchett G, Brady R, Nichols K, Breault DT, Koppes AN, Koppes RA. Innervated adrenomedullary microphysiological system to model nicotine and opioid exposure. ORGANS-ON-A-CHIP 2021; 3:100009. [PMID: 38650595 PMCID: PMC11034938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ooc.2021.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Transition to extrauterine life results in a surge of catecholamines necessary for increased cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic activity. Mechanisms mediating adrenomedullary catecholamine release are poorly understood. Important mechanistic insight is provided by newborns delivered by cesarean section or subjected to prenatal nicotine or opioid exposure, demonstrating impaired release of adrenomedullary catecholamines. To investigate mechanisms regulating adrenomedullary innervation, we developed compartmentalized 3D microphysiological systems (MPS) by exploiting GelPins, capillary pressure barriers between cell-laden hydrogels. The MPS comprises discrete cultures of adrenal chromaffin cells and preganglionic sympathetic neurons within a contiguous bioengineered microtissue. Using this model, we demonstrate that adrenal chromaffin innervation plays a critical role in hypoxia-mediated catecholamine release. Opioids and nicotine were shown to affect adrenal chromaffin cell response to a reduced oxygen environment, but neurogenic control mechanisms remained intact. GelPin containing MPS represent an inexpensive and highly adaptable approach to study innervated organ systems and improve drug screening platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryan Brady
- Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyla Nichols
- Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T. Breault
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Center for Life Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail N. Koppes
- Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan A. Koppes
- Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Park J, Taly A, Bourreau J, De Nardi F, Legendre C, Henrion D, Guérineau NC, Legros C, Mattei C, Tricoire-Leignel H. Partial Agonist Activity of Neonicotinoids on Rat Nicotinic Receptors: Consequences over Epinephrine Secretion and In Vivo Blood Pressure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105106. [PMID: 34065933 PMCID: PMC8151892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are nicotine-derived molecules which exert acute neurotoxic effects over the insect central nervous system by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). However, these receptors are also present in the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system, where the effects of neonicotinoids are faintly known. In mammals, cholinergic synapses are crucial for the control of vascular tone, blood pressure and skeletal muscle contraction. We therefore hypothesized that neonicotinoids could affect cholinergic networks in mammals and sought to highlight functional consequences of acute intoxication in rats with sub-lethal concentrations of the highly used acetamiprid (ACE) and clothianidin (CLO). In this view, we characterized their electrophysiological effects on rat α3β4 nAChRs, knowing that it is predominantly expressed in ganglia of the vegetative nervous system and the adrenal medulla, which initiates catecholamine secretion. Both molecules exhibited a weak agonist effect on α3β4 receptors. Accordingly, their influence on epinephrine secretion from rat adrenal glands was also weak at 100 μM, but it was stronger at 500 μM. Challenging ACE or CLO together with nicotine (NIC) ended up with paradoxical effects on secretion. In addition, we measured the rat arterial blood pressure (ABP) in vivo by arterial catheterization. As expected, NIC induced a significant increase in ABP. ACE and CLO did not affect the ABP in the same conditions. However, simultaneous exposure of rats to both NIC and ACE/CLO promoted an increase of ABP and induced a biphasic response. Modeling the interaction of ACE or CLO on α3β4 nAChR is consistent with a binding site located in the agonist pocket of the receptor. We present a transversal experimental approach of mammal intoxication with neonicotinoids at different scales, including in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and in silico. It paves the way of the acute and chronic toxicity for this class of insecticides on mammalian organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohee Park
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Antoine Taly
- Theoretical Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, CNRS UPR 9080, University of Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Jennifer Bourreau
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Frédéric De Nardi
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Claire Legendre
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Daniel Henrion
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Nathalie C. Guérineau
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Legros
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
| | - César Mattei
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (H.T.-L.)
| | - Hélène Tricoire-Leignel
- University of Angers, INSERM U1083, CNRS UMR 6015, MITOVASC, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France; (J.P.); (J.B.); (F.D.N.); (C.L.); (D.H.); (N.C.G.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (H.T.-L.)
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Whitehead AK, Erwin AP, Yue X. Nicotine and vascular dysfunction. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13631. [PMID: 33595878 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the single most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the role of nicotine, the addictive component of all tobacco products, in the development of CVD is incompletely understood. Although increased public awareness of the harms of cigarette smoking has successfully led to a decline in its prevalence, the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cig) or electronic nicotine delivery system has increased dramatically in recent years because of the perception that these products are safe. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the expression and function of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the cardiovascular system and the impact of nicotine exposure on cardiovascular health, with a focus on nicotine-induced vascular dysfunction. Nicotine alters vasoreactivity through endothelium-dependent and/or endothelium-independent mechanisms, leading to clinical manifestations in both cigarette smokers and e-cig users. In addition, nicotine induces vascular remodelling through its effects on proliferation, migration and matrix production of both vascular endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. The purpose of this review is to identify critical knowledge gaps regarding the effects of nicotine on the vasculature and to stimulate continued nicotine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K. Whitehead
- Department of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA USA
| | - Abigail P. Erwin
- Department of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA USA
| | - Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA USA
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10
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Neill MJ, Burgert JM, Blouin D, Tigges B, Rodden K, Roberts R, Anderson P, Hallquist T, Navarro J, O'Sullivan J, Johnson D. Effects of humeral intraosseous epinephrine in a pediatric hypovolemic cardiac arrest porcine model. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2020; 5:e000372. [PMID: 32154374 PMCID: PMC7046964 DOI: 10.1136/tsaco-2019-000372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aims of the study were to determine the effects of humerus intraosseous (HIO) versus intravenous (IV) administration of epinephrine in a hypovolemic, pediatric pig model. We compared concentration maximum (Cmax), time to maximum concentration (Tmax), mean concentration (MC) over time and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Methods Pediatric pig were randomly assigned to each group (HIO (n=7); IV (n=7); cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)+defibrillation (defib) (n=7) and CPR-only group (n=5)). The pig were anesthetized; 35% of the blood volume was exsanguinated. pigs were in arrest for 2 min, and then CPR was performed for 2 min. Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg was administered 4 min postarrest by either route. Samples were collected over 5 min. After sample collection, epinephrine was administered every 4 min or until ROSC. The Cmax and MC were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Defibrillation began at 3 min postarrest and administered every 2 min or until ROSC or endpoint at 20 min after initiation of CPR. Results Analysis indicated that the Cmax was significantly higher in the IV versus HIO group (p=0.001). Tmax was shorter in the IV group but was not significantly different (p=0.789). The MC was significantly greater in the IV versus HIO groups at 90 and 120 s (p<0.05). The IV versus HIO had a significantly higher MC (p=0.001). χ2 indicated the IV group (5 out of 7) had significantly higher rate of ROSC than the HIO group (1 out of 7) (p=0.031). One subject in the CPR+defib and no subjects in the CPR-only groups achieved ROSC. Discussion Based on the results of our study, the IV route is more effective than the HIO route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael James Neill
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James M Burgert
- Department of Continuing EducationEvidence-based Healthcare Program, University of Oxford Kellogg College, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | - Benjamin Tigges
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kari Rodden
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Roberts
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Phillip Anderson
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Travis Hallquist
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John Navarro
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph O'Sullivan
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Don Johnson
- US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, US Army Medical Department, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
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Hollow dummy template imprinted boronate-modified polymers for extraction of norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine prior to quantitation by HPLC. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:686. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Mosammam MK, Ganjali MR, Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi M, Faridbod F. Electroanalysis of Catecholamine Drugs using Graphene Modified Electrodes. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180917113206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Catecholamine drugs are a family of electroactive pharmaceutics, which are
widely analyzed through electrochemical methods. However, for low level online determination and
monitoring of these compounds, which is very important for clinical and biological studies, modified
electrodes having high signal to noise ratios are needed. Numerous materials including nanomaterials
have been widely used as electrode modifies for these families during the years. Among them, graphene
and its family, due to their remarkable properties in electrochemistry, were extensively used in
modification of electrochemical sensors.
Objective:
In this review, working electrodes which have been modified with graphene and its derivatives
and applied for electroanalyses of some important catecholamine drugs are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Karami Mosammam
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Habibi-Kool-Gheshlaghi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoush Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Schwerdtfeger LA, Tobet SA. From organotypic culture to body-on-a-chip: A neuroendocrine perspective. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12650. [PMID: 30307079 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The methods used to study neuroendocrinology have been as diverse as the discoveries to come out of the field. Maintaining live neurones outside of a body in vitro was important from the beginning, building on methods that dated back to at least the first decade of the 20th Century. Neurosecretion defines an essential foundation of neuroendocrinology based on work that began in the 1920s and 1930s. Throughout the first half of the 20th Century, many paradigms arose for studying everything from single neurones to whole organs in vitro. Two of these survived as preeminent systems for use throughout the second half of the century: cell cultures and explant systems. Slice cultures and explants that emerged as organotypic technologies included such neuroendocrine organs such as the brain, pituitary, adrenals and intestine. The vast majority of these studies were carried out in static cultures for which media were changed over a time scale of days. Tissues were used for experimental techniques such as electrical recording of neuronal physiology in single cells and observation by live microscopy. When maintained in vitro, many of these systems only partially capture the in vivo physiology of the organ system of interest, often because of a lack of cellular diversity (eg, neuronal cultures lacking glia). Modern microfluidic methodologies show promise for organ systems, ranging from the reproductive to the gastrointestinal to the brain. Moving forward and striving to understand the mechanisms that drive neuroendocrine signalling centrally and peripherally, there will always be a need to consider the heterogeneous cellular compositions of organs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Stuart A Tobet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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