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Patil RS, Tupe RS. Communal interaction of glycation and gut microbes in diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:365-405. [PMID: 37589449 DOI: 10.1002/med.21987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) are increasing gradually, reflecting a global threat vis-à-vis expressing the essentiality of a substantial paradigm shift in research and remedial actions. Protein glycation is influenced by several factors, like time, temperature, pH, metal ions, and the half-life of the protein. Surprisingly, most proteins associated with metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders are generally long-lived and hence susceptible to glycation. Remarkably, proteins linked with diabetes, AD, and PD share this characteristic. This modulates protein's structure, aggregation tendency, and toxicity, highlighting renovated attention. Gut microbes and microbial metabolites marked their importance in human health and diseases. Though many scientific shreds of evidence are proposed for possible change and dysbiosis in gut flora in these diseases, very little is known about the mechanisms. Screening and unfolding their functionality in metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders is essential in hunting the gut treasure. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the role of glycation as a common link in diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, which helps to clarify if modulation of nonenzymatic glycation may act as a beneficial therapeutic strategy and gut microbes/metabolites may answer some of the crucial questions. This review briefly emphasizes the common functional attributes of glycation and gut microbes, the possible linkages, and discusses current treatment options and therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shivaji Patil
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rashmi Santosh Tupe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences (SSBS), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Thorel M, Obregon D, Mulot B, Maitre A, Mateos-Hernandez L, Moalic PY, Wu-Chuang A, Cabezas-Cruz A, Leclerc A. Conserved core microbiota in managed and free-ranging Loxodonta africana elephants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1247719. [PMID: 37860133 PMCID: PMC10582353 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1247719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in animal health and homeostasis, particularly in endangered species conservation. This study investigated the fecal microbiota composition of European captive-bred African savanna elephants (Loxodonta africana) housed in French zoos, and compared it with wild African savanna elephants. Fecal samples were collected and processed for DNA extraction and amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The analysis of α and β diversity revealed significant effects of factors such as diet, daily activity, and institution on microbiota composition. Specifically, provision of branches as part of the diet positively impacted microbiota diversity. Comparative analyses demonstrated distinct differences between captive and wild elephant microbiomes, characterized by lower bacterial diversity and altered co-occurrence patterns in the captive population. Notably, specific taxa were differentially abundant in captive and wild elephants, suggesting the influence of the environment on microbiota composition. Furthermore, the study identified a core association network shared by both captive and wild elephants, emphasizing the importance of certain taxa in maintaining microbial interactions. These findings underscore the impact of environment and husbandry factors on elephant gut microbiota, highlighting the benefits of dietary enrichment strategies in zoos to promote microbiome diversity and health. The study contributes to the broader understanding of host-microbiota interactions and provides insights applicable to conservation medicine and captive animal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Thorel
- ZooParc de Beauval and Beauval Nature, Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Dasiel Obregon
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Baptiste Mulot
- ZooParc de Beauval and Beauval Nature, Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Apolline Maitre
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Lourdes Mateos-Hernandez
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Alejandra Wu-Chuang
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- Anses, INRAE, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR BIPAR, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Kaushik M, Sarkar N, Singh A, Kumar P. Nanomaterials to address the genesis of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:946184. [PMID: 36683704 PMCID: PMC9845789 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.946184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia is a genus of prokaryotic gram-negative bacteria which forms a vital component of the gut microbiota of homeotherms including humans. Many members of this genus are commensals and pathogenic strains, which are responsible for some of the most common bacterial infections and can be fatal, particularly in the case of newborns and children. The fecal matter in wastewater treatment plants serves as major environmental sinks for the accumulation of Escherichia. The rise in antibiotic pollution and the lateral gene exchange of antibiotic-resistant genes have created antibiotic-resistant Escherichia strains that are often called superbugs. Antibiotic resistance has reached a crisis level that nowadays existing antibiotics are no longer effective. One way of tackling this emerging concern is by using nanomaterials. Punitively, nanomaterials can be used by conjugating with antibodies, biomolecules, and peptides to reduce antibiotic usage, whereas, preventatively, they can be used as either nano-antimicrobial additives or nano-photocatalytic sheets to reduce the microbial population and target the superbugs of environmental Escherichia. In this review, we have explored the threat posed by pathogenic Escherichia strains in the environment, especially in the context of antibiotic-resistant strains. Along with this, we have discussed some nanomaterial-mediated strategies in which the problem can be addressed by using nanomaterials as nanophotocatalytics, antimicrobial additives, drugs, and drug conjugates. This review also presents a brief overview of the ecological threats posed by the overuse of nanomaterials which warrants a balanced and judicious approach to the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Kaushik
- Nano-Bioconjugate Chemistry Lab, Cluster Innovation Centre, University of Delhi, Delhi, India,*Correspondence: Mahima Kaushik, ;
| | - Niloy Sarkar
- Nano-Bioconjugate Chemistry Lab, Cluster Innovation Centre, University of Delhi, Delhi, India,Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Nano-Bioconjugate Chemistry Lab, Cluster Innovation Centre, University of Delhi, Delhi, India,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Nano-Bioconjugate Chemistry Lab, Cluster Innovation Centre, University of Delhi, Delhi, India,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Anderson EM, Rozowsky JM, Fazzone BJ, Schmidt EA, Stevens BR, O’Malley KA, Scali ST, Berceli SA. Temporal Dynamics of the Intestinal Microbiome Following Short-Term Dietary Restriction. Nutrients 2022; 14:2785. [PMID: 35889742 PMCID: PMC9318361 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term dietary restriction has been proposed as an intriguing pre-operative conditioning strategy designed to attenuate the surgical stress response and improve outcomes. However, it is unclear how this nutritional intervention influences the microbiome, which is known to modulate the systemic condition. Healthy individuals were recruited to participate in a four-day, 70% protein-restricted, 30% calorie-restricted diet, and stool samples were collected at baseline, after the restricted diet, and after resuming normal food intake. Taxonomy and functional pathway analysis was performed via shotgun metagenomic sequencing, prevalence filtering, and differential abundance analysis. High prevalence species were altered by the dietary intervention but quickly returned to baseline after restarting a regular diet. Composition and functional changes after the restricted diet included the decreased relative abundance of commensal bacteria and a catabolic phenotype. Notable species changes included Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia intestinalis, which are major butyrate producers within the colon and are characteristically decreased in many disease states. The macronutrient components of the diet might have influenced these changes. We conclude that short-term dietary restriction modulates the ecology of the gut microbiome, with this modulation being characterized by a relative dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik M. Anderson
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jared M. Rozowsky
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian J. Fazzone
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Emilie A. Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bruce R. Stevens
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Kerri A. O’Malley
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Salvatore T. Scali
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Scott A. Berceli
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (E.M.A.); (J.M.R.); (B.J.F.); (E.A.S.); (K.A.O.); (S.T.S.)
- Department of Surgery, Malcolm Randall Veteran Affairs Medical Center, 1601 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Comprehensive mouse microbiota genome catalog reveals major difference to its human counterpart. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009947. [PMID: 35259160 PMCID: PMC8932566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse is the most used model for studying the impact of microbiota on its host, but the repertoire of species from the mouse gut microbiome remains largely unknown. Accordingly, the similarity between human and mouse microbiomes at a low taxonomic level is not clear. We construct a comprehensive mouse microbiota genome (CMMG) catalog by assembling all currently available mouse gut metagenomes and combining them with published reference and metagenome-assembled genomes. The 41’798 genomes cluster into 1’573 species, of which 78.1% are uncultured, and we discovered 226 new genera, seven new families, and one new order. CMMG enables an unprecedented coverage of the mouse gut microbiome exceeding 86%, increases the mapping rate over four-fold, and allows functional microbiota analyses of human and mouse linking them to the driver species. Comparing CMMG to microbiota from the unified human gastrointestinal genomes shows an overlap of 62% at the genus but only 10% at the species level, demonstrating that human and mouse gut microbiota are largely distinct. CMMG contains the most comprehensive collection of consistently functionally annotated species of the mouse and human microbiome to date, setting the ground for analysis of new and reanalysis of existing datasets at an unprecedented depth. The microbiome plays an indispensable role in our health. Metagenomics enables valuable insights into the composition and functional potential of microbial populations. The analysis of metagenomic data is complex and depends on the availability of reference genomes. The mouse is the most used model for studying the impact of microbiota on its host. However, the microbial species living in the mouse gut remain poorly characterized. We created a comprehensive catalog of all bacterial species commonly living in the gut of laboratory mice by analyzing all publicly available metagenomes from the mouse gut. We collected almost 42 thousand bacterial genomes from 1’573 species, of which 78.1% are uncultured. Our catalog effectively answers the need for a genome reference for this microbiome and allows efficient analysis of mouse gut metagenomes down to the species level. We discovered that mice and humans harbor a largely distinct set of species in their gastrointestinal tracts, a hereto unfeasible analysis.
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Kuwahara A, Matsuda K, Kuwahara Y, Asano S, Inui T, Marunaka Y. Microbiota-gut-brain axis: enteroendocrine cells and the enteric nervous system form an interface between the microbiota and the central nervous system. Biomed Res 2021; 41:199-216. [PMID: 33071256 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.41.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis transmits bidirectional communication between the gut and the central nervous system and links the emotional and cognitive centers of the brain with peripheral gut functions. This communication occurs along the axis via local, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms involving a variety of gut-derived peptide/amine produced by enteroendocrine cells. Neural networks, such as the enteric nervous system, and the central nervous system, including the autonomic nervous system, also transmit information through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Recent advances in research have described the importance of the gut microbiota in influencing normal physiology and contributing to disease. We are only beginning to understand this bidirectional communication system. In this review, we summarize the available data supporting the existence of these interactions, highlighting data related to the contribution of enteroendocrine cells and the enteric nervous system as an interface between the gut microbiota and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsukazu Kuwahara
- Research Unit for Epithelial Physiology and Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University
| | - Kyoko Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
| | - Yuko Kuwahara
- Research Unit for Epithelial Physiology and Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University
| | - Shinji Asano
- Department of Molecular Physiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University
| | | | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Research Unit for Epithelial Physiology and Research Center for Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development Science, Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University.,Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.,Research Institute for Clinical Physiology, Kyoto Industrial Health Association
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7
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Jugder BE, Kamareddine L, Watnick PI. Microbiota-derived acetate activates intestinal innate immunity via the Tip60 histone acetyltransferase complex. Immunity 2021; 54:1683-1697.e3. [PMID: 34107298 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbe-derived acetate activates the Drosophila immunodeficiency (IMD) pathway in a subset of enteroendocrine cells (EECs) of the anterior midgut. In these cells, the IMD pathway co-regulates expression of antimicrobial and enteroendocrine peptides including tachykinin, a repressor of intestinal lipid synthesis. To determine whether acetate acts on a cell surface pattern recognition receptor or an intracellular target, we asked whether acetate import was essential for IMD signaling. Mutagenesis and RNA interference revealed that the putative monocarboxylic acid transporter Tarag was essential for enhancement of IMD signaling by dietary acetate. Interference with histone deacetylation in EECs augmented transcription of genes regulated by the steroid hormone ecdysone including IMD targets. Reduced expression of the histone acetyltransferase Tip60 decreased IMD signaling and blocked rescue by dietary acetate and other sources of intracellular acetyl-CoA. Thus, microbe-derived acetate induces chromatin remodeling within enteroendocrine cells, co-regulating host metabolism and intestinal innate immunity via a Tip60-steroid hormone axis that is conserved in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bat-Erdene Jugder
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Layla Kamareddine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Paula I Watnick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Wang H, Xu R, Zhang H, Su Y, Zhu W. Swine gut microbiota and its interaction with host nutrient metabolism. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2020; 6:410-420. [PMID: 33364457 PMCID: PMC7750828 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is generally recognized to play a crucial role in maintaining host health and metabolism. The correlation among gut microbiota, glycolipid metabolism, and metabolic diseases has been well reviewed in humans. However, the interplay between gut microbiota and host metabolism in swine remains incompletely understood. Given the limitation in conducting human experiments and the high similarity between swine and humans in terms of anatomy, physiology, polyphagy, habits, and metabolism and in terms of the composition of gut microbiota, there is a pressing need to summarize the knowledge gained regarding swine gut microbiota, its interplay with host metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms. This review aimed to outline the bidirectional regulation between gut microbiota and nutrient metabolism in swine and to emphasize the action mechanisms underlying the complex microbiome-host crosstalk via the gut microbiota-gut-brain axis. Moreover, it highlights the new advances in knowledge of the diurnal rhythmicity of gut microbiota. A better understanding of these aspects can not only shed light on healthy and efficient pork production but also promote our knowledge on the associations between gut microbiota and the microbiome-host crosstalk mechanism. More importantly, knowledge on microbiota, host health and metabolism facilitates the development of a precise intervention therapy targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Wang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rongying Xu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - He Zhang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yong Su
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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9
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Moon J, Yoon CH, Choi SH, Kim MK. Can Gut Microbiota Affect Dry Eye Syndrome? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8443. [PMID: 33182758 PMCID: PMC7697210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Using metagenomics, continuing evidence has elicited how intestinal microbiota trigger distant autoimmunity. Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the ocular surface, with frequently unmet therapeutic needs requiring new interventions for dry eye management. Current studies also suggest the possible relation of autoimmune dry eye with gut microbiota. Herein, we review the current knowledge of how the gut microbiota interact with the immune system in homeostasis as well as its influence on rheumatic and ocular autoimmune diseases, and compare their characteristics with SS. Both rodent and human studies regarding gut microbiota in SS and environmental dry eye are explored, and the effects of prebiotics and probiotics on dry eye are discussed. Recent clinical studies have commonly observed a correlation between gut dysbiosis and clinical manifestations of SS, while environmental dry eye portrays characteristics in between normal and autoimmune. Moreover, a decrease in both the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and genus Faecalibacterium have most commonly been observed in SS subjects. The presumable pathways forming the "gut dysbiosis-ocular surface-lacrimal gland axis" are introduced. This review may provide perspectives into the link between the gut microbiome and dry eye, enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis in autoimmune dry eye, and be useful in the development of future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoon Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.M.); (C.H.Y.)
- Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03082, Korea;
| | - Chang Ho Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.M.); (C.H.Y.)
- Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03082, Korea;
| | - Se Hyun Choi
- Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03082, Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 14068, Korea
| | - Mee Kum Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.M.); (C.H.Y.)
- Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Laboratory of Ocular Regenerative Medicine and Immunology, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03082, Korea;
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diCenzo GC, Tesi M, Pfau T, Mengoni A, Fondi M. Genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of the symbiosis between a leguminous plant and a nitrogen-fixing bacterium. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2574. [PMID: 32444627 PMCID: PMC7244743 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16484-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutualistic association between leguminous plants and endosymbiotic rhizobial bacteria is a paradigmatic example of a symbiosis driven by metabolic exchanges. Here, we report the reconstruction and modelling of a genome-scale metabolic network of Medicago truncatula (plant) nodulated by Sinorhizobium meliloti (bacterium). The reconstructed nodule tissue contains five spatially distinct developmental zones and encompasses the metabolism of both the plant and the bacterium. Flux balance analysis (FBA) suggests that the metabolic costs associated with symbiotic nitrogen fixation are primarily related to supporting nitrogenase activity, and increasing N2-fixation efficiency is associated with diminishing returns in terms of plant growth. Our analyses support that differentiating bacteroids have access to sugars as major carbon sources, ammonium is the main nitrogen export product of N2-fixing bacteria, and N2 fixation depends on proton transfer from the plant cytoplasm to the bacteria through acidification of the peribacteroid space. We expect that our model, called 'Virtual Nodule Environment' (ViNE), will contribute to a better understanding of the functioning of legume nodules, and may guide experimental studies and engineering of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C diCenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Michelangelo Tesi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Thomas Pfau
- Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Alessio Mengoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Marco Fondi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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11
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Tomkovich S, Gharaibeh RZ, Dejea CM, Pope JL, Jiang J, Winglee K, Gauthier J, Newsome RC, Yang Y, Fodor AA, Schmittgen TD, Sears CL, Jobin C. Human Colon Mucosal Biofilms and Murine Host Communicate via Altered mRNA and microRNA Expression during Cancer. mSystems 2020; 5:e00451-19. [PMID: 31937674 PMCID: PMC6967385 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00451-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted interactions between host and intestinal bacteria are implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, activities derived from these bacteria and their interplay with the host are unclear. Here, we examine this interplay by performing mouse and microbiota RNA sequencing on colon tissues and 16S and small RNA sequencing on stools from germfree (GF) and gnotobiotic ApcMin Δ 850/+ ;Il10-/- mice associated with microbes from biofilm-positive human CRC tumor (BF+T) and biofilm-negative healthy (BF-bx) tissues. The bacteria in BF+T mice differentially expressed (DE) >2,900 genes, including genes related to bacterial secretion, virulence, and biofilms but affected only 62 host genes. Small RNA sequencing of stools from these cohorts revealed eight significant DE host microRNAs (miRNAs) based on biofilm status and several miRNAs that correlated with bacterial taxon abundances. Additionally, computational predictions suggest that some miRNAs preferentially target bacterial genes while others primarily target mouse genes. 16S rRNA sequencing of mice that were reassociated with mucosa-associated communities from the initial association revealed a set of 13 bacterial genera associated with cancer that were maintained regardless of whether the reassociation inoculums were initially obtained from murine proximal or distal colon tissues. Our findings suggest that complex interactions within bacterial communities affect host-derived miRNA, bacterial composition, and CRC development.IMPORTANCE Bacteria and bacterial biofilms have been implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC), but it is still unclear what genes these microbial communities express and how they influence the host. MicroRNAs regulate host gene expression and have been explored as potential biomarkers for CRC. An emerging area of research is the ability of microRNAs to impact growth and gene expression of members of the intestinal microbiota. This study examined the bacteria and bacterial transcriptome associated with microbes derived from biofilm-positive human cancers that promoted tumorigenesis in a murine model of CRC. The murine response to different microbial communities (derived from CRC patients or healthy people) was evaluated through RNA and microRNA sequencing. We identified a complex interplay between biofilm-associated bacteria and the host during CRC in mice. These findings may lead to the development of new biomarkers and therapeutics for identifying and treating biofilm-associated CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tomkovich
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Raad Z Gharaibeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Christine M Dejea
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jillian L Pope
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jinmai Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kathryn Winglee
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Josee Gauthier
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Rachel C Newsome
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anthony A Fodor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas D Schmittgen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Cynthia L Sears
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute of Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oncology and Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christian Jobin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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12
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Song Y, Gyarmati P. Microbiota changes in a pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia mouse model. Microbiologyopen 2019; 9:e982. [PMID: 31884727 PMCID: PMC7066458 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancies are the most common type of pediatric cancers, and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequently occurring hematological malignancy during childhood. A major cause of mortality in leukemia is bloodstream infection (BSI). The aim of the current study was to explore the gut microbiota in ALL and its potential functional alterations. High-throughput sequencing was used to characterize the bacterial and fungal microbiota in feces and their predicted functional characteristics in a xenotransplant pediatric ALL mouse model. Our work shows that gut microbiota significantly changes in leukemia, which may result in functional alterations. This study may provide potential therapeutic or preventive strategies of BSI in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Song
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Peter Gyarmati
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA
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13
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Microbial Control of Intestinal Homeostasis via Enteroendocrine Cell Innate Immune Signaling. Trends Microbiol 2019; 28:141-149. [PMID: 31699645 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A community of commensal microbes, known as the intestinal microbiota, resides within the gastrointestinal tract of animals and plays a role in maintenance of host metabolic homeostasis and resistance to pathogen invasion. Enteroendocrine cells, which are relatively rare in the intestinal epithelium, have evolved to sense and respond to these commensal microbes. Specifically, they express G-protein-coupled receptors and functional innate immune signaling pathways that recognize products of microbial metabolism and microbe-associated molecular patterns, respectively. Here we review recent evidence from Drosophila melanogaster that microbial cues recruit antimicrobial, mechanical, and metabolic branches of the enteroendocrine innate immune system and argue that this response may play a role not only in maintaining host metabolic homeostasis but also in intestinal resistance to invasion by bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens.
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14
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Li C, Zhou HC, Nie YL, Zhao BY, Wu CC. Effects of lipopolysaccharide on T lymphocyte cell subsets and cytokine secretion in mesenteric lymph nodes of mice: Histological and molecular study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 71:103214. [PMID: 31252312 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipololysaccharides (LPS) can disrupt the gut barrier. How dose LPS affects the immune performance of mesenteric lymph nodes? The results showed the hematological parameters significantly changed after LPS treatment. The length of intestinal villus was shortened and the depth of crypts was deepened, especially on the ileum. After LPS treatment 6 h, 12 h, the number of CD3+ T cells and CD4/CD8 in the mesenteric lymph nodes of ileum were reduced significantly; the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-ɑ and IL-2 were significantly decreased, and the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased in the ileum. The content of sIgA in the ileum was significantly decreased after LPS treatment 3 h, 6 h and was increased after LPS treatment 12 h. LPS through mesenteric lymph nodes, which induces the immune function reduced and the ileum injured obviously after treatment 6 h. Furthermore, the performance of intestinal immune performance was the lowest after LPS treatment 6 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Chao Zhou
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Nie
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Yu Zhao
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen-Chen Wu
- College of Animal Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Chávez-Carbajal A, Nirmalkar K, Pérez-Lizaur A, Hernández-Quiroz F, Ramírez-Del-Alto S, García-Mena J, Hernández-Guerrero C. Gut Microbiota and Predicted Metabolic Pathways in a Sample of Mexican Women Affected by Obesity and Obesity Plus Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020438. [PMID: 30669548 PMCID: PMC6358992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that could lead to complications like metabolic syndrome. There are reports on gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in relation to dietary, host genetics, and other environmental factors; however, it is necessary to explore the role of the gut microbiota metabolic pathways in populations like Mexicans, where the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome is high. This study identify alterations of the gut microbiota in a sample of healthy Mexican women (CO), women with obesity (OB), and women with obesity plus metabolic syndrome (OMS). We studied 67 women, characterizing their anthropometric and biochemical parameters along with their gut bacterial diversity by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Our results indicate that in OB or OMS women, Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum. We observed significant changes in abundances of bacteria belonging to the Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae families and significant enrichment of gut bacteria from 16 different taxa that might explain the observed metabolic alterations between the groups. Finally, the predicted functional metagenome of the gut microbiota found in each category shows differences in metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism. We demonstrate that Mexican women have a particular bacterial gut microbiota characteristic of each phenotype. There are bacteria that potentially explain the observed metabolic differences between the groups, and gut bacteria in OMS and OB conditions carry more genes of metabolic pathways implicated in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Chávez-Carbajal
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Khemlal Nirmalkar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Ana Pérez-Lizaur
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Paseo de la Reforma 880, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Hernández-Quiroz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - Silvia Ramírez-Del-Alto
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Paseo de la Reforma 880, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico.
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav-IPN, Av IPN 2508, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico.
| | - César Hernández-Guerrero
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Paseo de la Reforma 880, Ciudad de México 01219, Mexico.
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16
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Fabbiano S, Suárez-Zamorano N, Chevalier C, Lazarević V, Kieser S, Rigo D, Leo S, Veyrat-Durebex C, Gaïa N, Maresca M, Merkler D, Gomez de Agüero M, Macpherson A, Schrenzel J, Trajkovski M. Functional Gut Microbiota Remodeling Contributes to the Caloric Restriction-Induced Metabolic Improvements. Cell Metab 2018; 28:907-921.e7. [PMID: 30174308 PMCID: PMC6288182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) stimulates development of functional beige fat and extends healthy lifespan. Here we show that compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiota contribute to a number of CR-induced metabolic improvements and promote fat browning. Mechanistically, these effects are linked to a lower expression of the key bacterial enzymes necessary for the lipid A biosynthesis, a critical lipopolysaccharide (LPS) building component. The decreased LPS dictates the tone of the innate immune response during CR, leading to increased eosinophil infiltration and anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization in fat of the CR animals. Genetic and pharmacological suppression of the LPS-TLR4 pathway or transplantation with Tlr4-/- bone-marrow-derived hematopoietic cells increases beige fat development and ameliorates diet-induced fatty liver, while Tlr4-/- or microbiota-depleted mice are resistant to further CR-stimulated metabolic alterations. These data reveal signals critical for our understanding of the microbiota-fat signaling axis during CR and provide potential new anti-obesity therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Fabbiano
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Suárez-Zamorano
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claire Chevalier
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimir Lazarević
- Genomic Research Lab, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Silas Kieser
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dorothée Rigo
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Leo
- Genomic Research Lab, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Veyrat-Durebex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Gaïa
- Genomic Research Lab, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marcello Maresca
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Mölndal 43183, Sweden
| | - Doron Merkler
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mercedes Gomez de Agüero
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DKF), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Macpherson
- Maurice Müller Laboratories (DKF), Universitätsklinik für Viszerale Chirurgie und Medizin Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Schrenzel
- Genomic Research Lab, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mirko Trajkovski
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Centre Médical Universitaire, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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17
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McAllister TA, Wang Y, Diarra MS, Alexander T, Stanford K. Challenges of a one-health approach to the development of alternatives to antibiotics. Anim Front 2018; 8:10-20. [PMID: 32002214 PMCID: PMC6952028 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfy002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tim A McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, Canada
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, Canada
| | - Moussa S Diarra
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, West Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Trevor Alexander
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge Alberta, Canada
| | - Kim Stanford
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lethbrisdge, Alberta, Canada
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18
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Soldati L, Di Renzo L, Jirillo E, Ascierto PA, Marincola FM, De Lorenzo A. The influence of diet on anti-cancer immune responsiveness. J Transl Med 2018; 16:75. [PMID: 29558948 PMCID: PMC5859494 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has matured into standard treatment for several cancers, but much remains to be done to extend the reach of its effectiveness particularly to cancers that are resistant within each indication. This review proposes that nutrition can affect and potentially enhance the immune response against cancer. The general mechanisms that link nutritional principles to immune function and may influence the effectiveness of anticancer immunotherapy are examined. This represents also the premise for a research project aimed at identifying the best diet for immunotherapy enhancement against tumours (D.I.E.T project). Particular attention is turned to the gut microbiota and the impact of its composition on the immune system. Also, the dietary patterns effecting immune function are discussed including the value of adhering to a healthy diets such as the Mediterranean, Veg, Japanese, or a Microbiota-regulating diet, the very low ketogenic diet, which have been demonstrated to lower the risk of developing several cancers and reduce the mortality associated with them. Finally, supplements, as omega-3 and polyphenols, are discussed as potential approaches that could benefit healthy dietary and lifestyle habits in the context of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Soldati
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A di Rudinì 8, 20124, Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Di Renzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo A Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale", Via Mariano Semmola snc, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomics, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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