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Mohamadpour H, Farkhondeh Tale Navi F, Asgharian Asl F, Heysieattalab S, Shakeri E, Karami Isheqlou L. Exploring neural correlates of social dominance: Insights from behavioral, resting- state EEG, and ERP indices. Brain Cogn 2024; 178:106177. [PMID: 38749353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the concept of social dominance and its implications for leadership within the behavioral and cognitive sciences in recent years. The current study aims to address the gap regarding the neural correlates of social dominance by investigating the associations between psychological measures of social dominance and neural features among a sample of leaders. Thirty healthy male volunteers engaged in a monetary gambling task while their resting-state and task-based electroencephalography data were recorded. The results revealed a positive association between social dominance and resting-state beta oscillations in central electrodes. Furthermore, a negative association was observed between social dominance and task-based reaction time as well as the amplitude of the feedback-related negativity component of the event-related potentials during the gain, but not the loss condition. These findings suggest that social dominance is associated with enhanced reward processing which has implications for social and interpersonal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mohamadpour
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Elmira Shakeri
- Department of Business Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Karami Isheqlou
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Utah, USA
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Freitas L, Amaral A, Conceição R, Barbosa G, Hamoy MK, Barbosa A, Paz C, Santos M, Hamoy A, Paz A, Favacho-Lopes D, Mello V, Hamoy M. Potentiation of the depressant effect of alcohol by flunitrazepam in rats: an electrocorticographic, respiratory and electrocardiographic study. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03111-w. [PMID: 38676788 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol, a widely commercialized psychotropic drug, and the benzodiazepine Flunitrazepam, an anxiolytic widely prescribed for patients with anxiety and insomnia problems, are well known drugs and both act on the central nervous system. The misuse and the association of these two drugs are public health concerns in several countries and could cause momentary, long-lasting and even lethal neurophysiological problems due to the potentiation of their adverse effects in synergy. The present study observed the result of the association of these drugs on electrophysiological responses in the brain, heart, and respiratory rate in Wistar rats. 8 experimental groups were determined: control, one alcohol group (20% at a dose of 1 ml/100 g VO), three Flunitrazepam groups (doses 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg) and three alcohol-Flunitrazepam groups (20% at a dose of 1 ml/100 g VO of alcohol, combined with 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg of Flunitrazepam, respectively). The results showed that there was a more pronounced reduction in alpha and theta wave power in the alcohol-Flunitrazepam groups, a decrease in the power of beta oscillations and greater sedation. There was a progressive decrease in respiratory rate linked to the increase of Flunitrazepam dose in the alcohol-Flunitrazepam associated administration. It was observed alteration in heart rate and Q-T interval in high doses of Flunitrazepam. Therefore, we conclude that the association alcohol-Flunitrazepam presented deepening of depressant synergistic effects according to the increase in the dose of the benzodiazepine, and this could cause alterations in low frequency brain oscillations, breathing, and hemodynamics of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Freitas
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
| | - Anthony Amaral
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Raína Conceição
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria Klara Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anara Barbosa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Paz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Murilo Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Akira Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Allane Paz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Favacho-Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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da Silva ALM, Nascimento CP, Azevedo JEC, Vieira LR, Hamoy AO, Tiago ACDS, Martins Rodrigues JC, de Araujo DB, Favacho Lopes DC, de Mello VJ, Hamoy M. Unmasking hidden risks: The surprising link between PDE5 inhibitors and seizure susceptibility. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294754. [PMID: 38033148 PMCID: PMC10688920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) are the first line treatment for erectile dysfunction; however, several articles and case reports have shown central nervous system effects, that can cause seizures in susceptible patients. This study aims to describe the changes caused by the use of Sildenafil and Tadalafil through the analysis of abnormalities expressed in the electrocorticogram (ECoG) of rats and evaluate the seizure threshold response and treatment of seizures with anticonvulsants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study used 108 rats (Wistar). Before surgery for electrode placement in dura mater, the animals were randomly separated into 3 experiments for electrocorticogram analysis. Experiment 1: ECoG response to using PD5i (Sildenafil 20mg/kg and Tadalafil 2.6mg/kg p.o.). Experiment 2: ECoG response to the use of PD5i in association with Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ-30 mg/kg i.p.), a convulsive model. Experiment 3: ECoG response to anticonvulsant treatment (Phenytoin, Phenobarbital and Diazepam) of seizures induced by association IPDE5 + PTZ. All recordings were made thirty minutes after administration of the medication and analyzed for ten minutes, only once. We considered statistical significance level of *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p < 0.001. RESULTS After administration of Sildenafil and Tadalafil, there were increases in the power of recordings in the frequency bands in oscillations in alpha (p = 0.0920) and beta (p = 0.602) when compared to the control group (p<0.001). After the use of Sildenafil and Tadalafil associated with PTZ, greater potency was observed in the recordings during seizures (p<0.001), however, the Sildenafil group showed greater potency when compared to Tadalafil (p<0.05). Phenobarbital and Diazepam showed a better response in controlling discharges triggered by the association between proconvulsant drugs. CONCLUSIONS PDE5i altered the ECoG recordings in the rats' motor cortexes, demonstrating cerebral asynchrony and potentiating the action of PTZ. These findings demonstrate that PDE5i can lower the seizure threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Luiz Menezes da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Chirlene Pinheiro Nascimento
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Julianne Elba Cunha Azevedo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luana Rodrigues Vieira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Allan Carlos da Silva Tiago
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - João Cleiton Martins Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bastos de Araujo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Nascimento CP, Ferreira LO, da Silva ALM, da Silva ABN, Rodrigues JCM, Teixeira LL, Azevedo JEC, de Araujo DB, Hamoy AO, Gonçalves BH, Coelho BHDO, Lopes DCF, Hamoy M. A Combination of Curcuma longa and Diazepam Attenuates Seizures and Subsequent Hippocampal Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:884813. [PMID: 35774084 PMCID: PMC9237424 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.884813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, which occurs due to the instability in the inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmissions in the brain. However, many patients develop resistance to the available drugs, which results in cell degeneration caused due to inadequate control of the seizures. Curcumin, Curcuma longa, is known to be effective for the treatment of organic disorders and may prevent seizures, reduce oxidative stress, and decrease brain damage. Given this, the present study evaluated the antiepileptic effects of C. longa in comparison with both the diazepam and the combined application of these two substances, in terms of their effects on the brain activity and the potential histopathological changes in the hippocampus. This study used male Wistar rats (age: 10–12 weeks; weight: 260 ± 20 g), which were pretreated for 4 days with either saline, C. longa, diazepam, or C. longa + diazepam; and on the fifth day, pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) was administered to induce the seizure. In the C. longa group, a significant increase was observed in the latency of the onset of seizure-related behavior. Surprisingly, however, the combined treatment resulted in the best control of the seizure-related behavior, with the greatest latency of the onset of spasms and isolated clonic seizures. This group also obtained the best results in the electroencephalographic trace and seizure control, with a reduction in the frequency and amplitude of the spike-waves. In the saline group, PTZ significantly reduced the number of cells present in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, while the combined treatment obtained the best results in terms of the preservation of the neuron-like cells. These findings indicate that C. longa may contribute to the control of both seizures and the cell damage induced by PTZ, and that its association with diazepam may be a potentially effective option for the treatment of epilepsy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirlene Pinheiro Nascimento
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Alex Luiz Menezes da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Nardelli da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Joao Cleiton Martins Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leonan Lima Teixeira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Julianne Elba Cunha Azevedo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Daniella Bastos de Araujo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Holanda Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Brenda Hosana De Oliveira Coelho
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes,
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Moisés Hamoy,
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Lima GO, Menezes da Silva AL, Azevedo JEC, Nascimento CP, Vieira LR, Hamoy AO, Oliveira Ferreira L, Bahia VRLO, Muto NA, Lopes DCF, Hamoy M. 100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Supraphysiological doses of vitamin D changes brainwave activity patterns in rats. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-21-0457.R2. [PMID: 35148281 PMCID: PMC8942315 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Low plasma levels of vitamin D causes bone mineral change that can precipitate osteopenia and osteoporosis and could aggravate autoimmune diseases, hypertension and diabetes. The demand for vitamin D supplementation becomes necessary; however, the consumption of vitamin D is not without risks, which its toxicity could have potentially serious consequences related to hypervitaminosis D, such as hypercalcemia and cerebral alterations. Thus, the present study describes the electroencephalographic changes caused by supraphysiological doses of vitamin D in the brain electrical dynamics and the electrocardiographic changes. After 4 days of treatment with vitamin D at a dose of 25,000 IU/kg, the serum calcium levels found were increased in comparison with the control group. The electrocorticogram analysis found a reduction in wave activity in the delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands. For ECG was observed changes with shortened QT follow-up, which could be related to serum calcium concentration. This study presented important evidence about the cerebral and cardiac alterations caused by high doses of vitamin D, indicating valuable parameters in the screening and decision-making process for diagnosing patients with symptoms suggestive of intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Oliveira Lima
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Alex Luiz Menezes da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Julianne Elba Cunha Azevedo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Chirlene Pinheiro Nascimento
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luana Rodrigues Vieira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Akira Otake Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Nilton Akio Muto
- Amazon Bioactive Compounds Valorization Center, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Correspondence should be addressed to D C F Lopes or M Hamoy: or
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Correspondence should be addressed to D C F Lopes or M Hamoy: or
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6
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Leitão DS, Andrade AR, Medeiros NCL, Martins MFC, Ferreira LO, Santos VC, Hamoy AO, Barbas LAL, Muto NA, Jóia de Mello V, Lopes DCF, Hamoy M. Benzodiazepine partially reverses tonic-clonic seizures induced by thiocolchicoside. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11771. [PMID: 35239777 PMCID: PMC8905675 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Seizures are a disorder caused by structural brain lesions, life-threatening metabolic derangements, or drug toxicity. The present study describes the behavior related to proconvulsant activity induced by thiocolchicoside (TCC) in rats and investigates the electrocorticographic patterns of this behavior and the effectiveness of classic antiepileptic drugs used to control these seizures. Forty-nine adult male Wistar rats were used and divided into two phases of our experimental design: 1) evaluation of seizure-related behavior and electrocorticographic patterns induced by TCC and 2) evaluation of the efficacy of classical antiepileptic drugs to control the proconvulsive activity caused by TCC. Our results showed that TCC induced tonic-clonic seizures that caused changes in electrocorticographic readings, characteristic of convulsive activity, with average amplitude greater than that induced by pentylenetetrazole. Treatment with anticonvulsants, especially diazepam, reduced the electrocorticographic outbreaks induced by TCC. The results suggested that TCC caused seizures with increased power in brain oscillations up to 40 Hz and that diazepam may partially reverse the effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Leitão
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A R Andrade
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - N C L Medeiros
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - M F C Martins
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L O Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - V C Santos
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A O Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L A L Barbas
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil
| | - N A Muto
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - V Jóia de Mello
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - D C F Lopes
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - M Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
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7
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Cabral DAC, Campos FMS, Silva MCPD, Medeiros JPDV, Batista PDS, Jardim GC, Machado JLP, Cabral LGC, Mello VJD, Hamoy M. Characterization of electrocorticographic, electromyographic and electrocardiographic recordings after the use of caffeine in Wistar rats. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2021; 19:eAO6417. [PMID: 34787292 PMCID: PMC8577317 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ao6417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To describe electrocorticographic, electromyographic and electrocardiographic profiles to report the electrophysiological effects of caffeine in Wistar rats. Methods: Male adult Wistar rats weighing 230g to 250g were used. Rats were allocated to one of two groups, as follows: Group 1, Control, intraperitoneal injection of 0.9% saline solution (n=27); and Group 2, treated with intraperitoneal injection of caffeine (50mg/kg; n=27). The rats were submitted to electrocorticographic, electromyographic and electrocardiographic assessment. Results: Brain oscillations (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma) in the frequency range up to 40Hz varied after caffeine administration to rats. Powers in delta and theta oscillations ranges were preponderant. The contractile force of the skeletal striated and cardiac muscles increased. Electrocardiogram analysis revealed shorter RR, QRS and QT intervals under the effect of caffeine. Conclusion: In the central nervous system, there was an increase in the delta, theta and alpha amplitude spectrum, which are related to memory encoding and enhanced learning. With regard to skeletal muscle, increased contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle was demonstrated, a clear indication of how caffeine can be used to enhance performance of some physical activities. Electrocardiographic changes observed after caffeine administration are primarily related to increased heart rate and energy consumption.
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8
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Ferreira LO, Mattos BG, Jóia de Mello V, Martins-Filho AJ, da Costa ET, Yamada ES, Hamoy M, Lopes DCF. Increased Relative Delta Bandpower and Delta Indices Revealed by Continuous qEEG Monitoring in a Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion. Front Neurol 2021; 12:645138. [PMID: 33897602 PMCID: PMC8058376 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.645138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the electroencephalographic changes that occur during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in animals submitted to transient focal cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 30 min. For this, male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n = 6 animals/group): (1) sham (control) group, and (2) ischemic/reperfusion group. The quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) was recorded during the ischemic and immediate reperfusion (acute) phases, and then once a day for 7 days after the MCAO (subacute phase). The acute phase was characterized by a marked increase in the relative delta wave band power (p < 0.001), with a smaller, but significant increase in the relative alpha wave bandpower in the ischemic stroke phase, in comparison with the control group (p = 0.0054). In the immediate reperfusion phase, however, there was an increase in the theta, alpha, and beta waves bandpower (p < 0.001), but no alteration in the delta waves (p = 0.9984), in comparison with the control group. We also observed high values in the delta/theta ratio (DTR), the delta/alpha ratio (DAR), and the (delta+theta)/(alpha+beta) ratio (DTABR) indices during the ischemia (p < 0.05), with a major reduction in the reperfusion phase. In the subacute phase, the activity of all the waves was lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05), although the DTR, DAR, and DTABR indices remained relatively high. In conclusion, early and accurate identification of decreased delta wave bandpower, DTR, DAR, and DTABR indices, and an increase in the activity of other waves in the immediate reperfusion phase may represent an important advance for the recognition of the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gerrits Mattos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Edmar Tavares da Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Sumi Yamada
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute Biological Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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9
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Santos GFS, Ferreira LO, Gerrits Mattos B, Fidelis EJ, de Souza AS, Batista PS, Manoel CAF, Cabral DAC, Jóia de Mello V, Favacho Lopes DC, Hamoy M. Electrocorticographic description of the effects of anticonvulsant drugs used to treat lidocaine-induced seizures. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e01940. [PMID: 33369278 PMCID: PMC7882171 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Local anesthetics are widely used in clinical practice. While toxicity is rare, these drugs can cause potentially lethal seizures. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic (ECoG) and electromyographic patterns of seizures induced by acute lidocaine (LA) toxicity and treated with anticonvulsant drugs. The study used adult male Wistar rats to describe of the seizure-related behavior of LA and investigated the treatment with anticonvulsant drugs. RESULTS The use of LA resulted in clear changes in the ECoG pattern, which presented characteristics of Status epilepticus, with increased intensity in all brainwaves. The decomposition of the cerebral waves showed an increase in the beta and gamma waves that may be related to tonic-clonic seizure. Although the treatment with anticonvulsants drugs reduces the power of brainwaves at frequencies between 1 and 40 Hz compared to the LA group, but only diazepam (DZP) was able to decrease the intensity of oscillations. The muscle contraction power also indicated a difference in the effectiveness of the three treatments. CONCLUSION The sum of the evidence indicates that LA causes status epilepticus and that DZP is the most effective treatment for the control of these seizures, by restoring the systemic values to levels close to those recorded in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Francisco S Santos
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luan Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gerrits Mattos
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Eliniete J Fidelis
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Alisson S de Souza
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paula S Batista
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cecilia A F Manoel
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Diego Arthur C Cabral
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Dielly Catrina Favacho Lopes
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratory of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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Electrocorticographic patterns dominated by low-frequency waves in camphor-induced seizures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18222. [PMID: 33106574 PMCID: PMC7588455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75309-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Camphor is an aromatic terpene compound found in the essential oils of many plants, which has been used for centuries as a herbal medicine, especially in children. However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures.
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