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Zheng Y, Huang Y, Li W, Cheng H. MRTO4 Enhances Glycolysis to Facilitate HCC Progression by Inhibiting ALDOB. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944685. [PMID: 38778508 PMCID: PMC11131431 DOI: 10.12659/msm.944685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MRT4 Homolog, Ribosome Maturation Factor (MRTO4) is often upregulated in cancer cells. However, its impact in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is less well understood. Herein, we explored the prognostic and energy metabolism reprogramming role of MRTO4 in HCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the expression of MRTO4 in clinical samples was analyzed. The association between different variables and overall survival (OS) was studied, as well as their potential as independent prognostic factors, using Cox regression analysis. We constructed a nomogram including clinical pathological variables and MRTO4 expression to provide a predictive model for prognosis. Heatmaps, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed the relationship between energy metabolism pathways and MRTO4. We used classic molecular biology research methods, including RT-qPCR, Western blotting, CCK8, TUNEL, Clone formation, Transwell assay, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry, to study the role of MRTO4 in promoting the progression of HCC through glycolysis regulation. RESULTS Our study showed that MRTO4 is an independent prognostic risk factor for HCC and that MRTO4 accelerates glycolysis of HCC cells, promotes proliferation and invasion, and suppresses apoptosis of HCC cells. The underlying mechanism involves MRTO4 promoting glycolysis and accelerating HCC by inhibiting ALDOB. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a novel mechanism by which MRTO4 promotes glycolysis and accelerates HCC progression, and suggests that inhibiting MRTO4 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Wang Y, Song X, Song Y, Fang K, Chang X. Investigating the cell membrane localization of PADI4 in breast cancer cells and inhibition of anti-PADI4 monoclonal antibody. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:17253-17268. [PMID: 37804426 PMCID: PMC10657297 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) is a post-translational modification enzymecan that converts arginine in protein into citrulline in the presence of calcium ions, which is called citrullination. PADI4 has been reported to be expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus in a variety of malignant tumors. Based on the GeneCards database and our previous research, it is speculated that PADI4 may also be expressed on the cell membrane. This study aimed to confirm the membrane expression of PADI4 and the effect of anti-PADI4 antibodies on cell membrane PADI4. This may be another mechanism of action of anti-PADI4 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of breast cancer. METHODS The subcellular localizations of PADI4 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells were determined by immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, and Western blot analysis. The tumor cells were treated with PADI4 antibody, and cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, apoptosis, glycolysis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were measured as well as the expression of some essential tumor genes. RESULTS PADI4 was not only localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of breast cancer cells but was also detected on the cell membrane. Following PADI4 antibody treatment, cell proliferation, migration, colony formation, EMT, and ATP production through glycolysis were decreased, and the mRNA expression of MYC proto-oncogene (MYC), FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1), nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFκB), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in breast cancer cells was downregulated, while the mRNA expression of tumor protein p63 (TP63) was upregulated. CONCLUSIONS PADI4 is expressed on the cell membrane in breast cancer cells. Anti-PADI4 antibodies can affect the biological functions of cell membrane PADI4, including proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and glycolysis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Medical Research Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqin Song
- Medical Research Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Song
- Medical Research Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehua Fang
- Clinical Laboratory of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Medical Research Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Wutaishan Road 1677, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Yang X, Xu G, Liu X, Zhou G, Zhang B, Wang F, Wang L, Li B, Li L. Carbon nanomaterial-involved EMT and CSC in cancer. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023; 38:1-13. [PMID: 34619029 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are ubiquitous in our daily lives because of the outstanding physicochemical properties. CNMs play curial parts in industrial and medical fields, however, the risks of CNMs exposure to human health are still not fully understood. In view of, it is becoming extremely difficult to ignore the existence of the toxicity of CNMs. With the increasing exploitation of CNMs, it's necessary to evaluate the potential impact of these materials on human health. In recent years, more and more researches have shown that CNMs are contributed to the cancer formation and metastasis after long-term exposure through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) which is associated with cancer progression and invasion. This review discusses CNMs properties and applications in industrial and medical fields, adverse effects on human health, especially the induction of tumor initiation and metastasis through EMT and CSCs procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Yang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Gongquan Xu
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiming Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Rushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingjuan Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Li
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Petrella G, Corsi F, Ciufolini G, Germini S, Capradossi F, Pelliccia A, Torino F, Ghibelli L, Cicero DO. Metabolic Reprogramming of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells as a Response to Chemotherapy. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010065. [PMID: 36676990 PMCID: PMC9865398 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer at the castration-resistant stage (CRPC) is a leading cause of death among men due to resistance to anticancer treatments, including chemotherapy. We set up an in vitro model of therapy-induced cancer repopulation and acquired cell resistance (CRAC) on etoposide-treated CRPC PC3 cells, witnessing therapy-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) and chemoresistance among repopulating cells. Here, we explore the metabolic changes leading to chemo-induced CRAC, measuring the exchange rates cell/culture medium of 36 metabolites via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. We studied the evolution of PC3 metabolism throughout recovery from etoposide, encompassing the degenerative, quiescent, and repopulating phases. We found that glycolysis is immediately shut off by etoposide, gradually recovering together with induction of EMT and repopulation. Instead, OXPHOS, already high in untreated PC3, is boosted by etoposide to decline afterward, though stably maintaining values higher than control. Notably, high levels of EMT, crucial in the acquisition of chemoresistance, coincide with a strong acceleration of metabolism, especially in the exchange of principal nutrients and their end products. These results provide novel information on the energy metabolism of cancer cells repopulating from cytotoxic drug treatment, paving the way for uncovering metabolic vulnerabilities to be possibly pharmacologically targeted and providing novel clinical options for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Petrella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-7259-4835
| | - Francesca Corsi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ciufolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sveva Germini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Pelliccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Torino
- Dipartimento di Medicina dei Sistemi, Oncologia Medica, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel Oscar Cicero
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Metabolomic and Mitochondrial Fingerprinting of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Non-Tumorigenic and Tumorigenic Human Breast Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246214. [PMID: 36551699 PMCID: PMC9776482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is key to tumor aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and immune escape in breast cancer. Because metabolic traits might be involved along the EMT continuum, we investigated whether human breast epithelial cells engineered to stably acquire a mesenchymal phenotype in non-tumorigenic and H-RasV12-driven tumorigenic backgrounds possess unique metabolic fingerprints. We profiled mitochondrial-cytosolic bioenergetic and one-carbon (1C) metabolites by metabolomic analysis, and then questioned the utilization of different mitochondrial substrates by EMT mitochondria and their sensitivity to mitochondria-centered inhibitors. "Upper" and "lower" glycolysis were the preferred glucose fluxes activated by EMT in non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic backgrounds, respectively. EMT in non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic backgrounds could be distinguished by the differential contribution of the homocysteine-methionine 1C cycle to the transsulfuration pathway. Both non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic EMT-activated cells showed elevated mitochondrial utilization of glycolysis end-products such as lactic acid, β-oxidation substrates including palmitoyl-carnitine, and tricarboxylic acid pathway substrates such as succinic acid. Notably, mitochondria in tumorigenic EMT cells distinctively exhibited a significant alteration in the electron flow intensity from succinate to mitochondrial complex III as they were highly refractory to the inhibitory effects of antimycin A and myxothiazol. Our results show that the bioenergetic/1C metabolic signature, the utilization rates of preferred mitochondrial substrates, and sensitivity to mitochondrial drugs significantly differs upon execution of EMT in non-tumorigenic and tumorigenic backgrounds, which could help to resolve the relationship between EMT, malignancy, and therapeutic resistance in breast cancer.
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Leung D, Price ZK, Lokman NA, Wang W, Goonetilleke L, Kadife E, Oehler MK, Ricciardelli C, Kannourakis G, Ahmed N. Platinum-resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer: an interplay of epithelial-mesenchymal transition interlinked with reprogrammed metabolism. J Transl Med 2022; 20:556. [PMID: 36463238 PMCID: PMC9719259 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03776-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer worldwide. Chemotherapy resistance represents a significant clinical challenge and is the main reason for poor ovarian cancer prognosis. We identified novel expression of markers related to epithelial mesenchymal transitions (EMT) in a carboplatin resistant ovarian cancer cell line by proteomics. This was validated in the platinum resistant versus sensitive parental cell lines, as well as platinum resistant versus sensitive human ovarian cancer patient samples. The prognostic significance of the different proteomics-identified marker proteins in prognosis prediction on survival as well as their correlative association and influence on immune cell infiltration was determined by public domain data bases. METHODS We explored the proteomic differences between carboplatin-sensitive OVCAR5 cells (parental) and their carboplatin-resistant counterpart, OVCAR5 CBPR cells. qPCR and western blots were performed to validate differentially expressed proteins at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Association of the identified proteins with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) prompted the investigation of cell motility. Cellular bioenergetics and proliferation were studied to delineate any biological adaptations that facilitate cancer progression. Expression of differentially expressed proteins was assessed in ovarian tumors obtained from platinum-sensitive (n = 15) versus platinum-resistant patients (n = 10), as well as matching tumors from patients at initial diagnosis and following relapse (n = 4). Kaplan-Meier plotter and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases were used to determine the prognostic significance and influence of the different proteomics-identified proteins on immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RESULTS Our proteomics study identified 2422 proteins in both cell lines. Of these, 18 proteins were upregulated and 14 were downregulated by ≥ twofold (p < 0.05) in OVCAR5 CBPR cells. Gene ontology enrichment analysis amongst upregulated proteins revealed an overrepresentation of biological processes consistent with EMT in the resistant cell line. Enhanced mRNA and/or protein expression of the identified EMT modulators including ITGA2, TGFBI, AKR1B1, ITGAV, ITGA1, GFPT2, FLNA and G6PD were confirmed in OVCAR5 CBPR cells compared to parental OVCAR5 cell line. Consistent with the altered EMT profile, the OVCAR5 CBPR cells demonstrated enhanced migration and reduced proliferation, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation. The upregulation of G6PD, AKR1B1, ITGAV, and TGFβ1 in OVCAR5 CBPR cells was also identified in the tumors of platinum-resistant compared to platinum-sensitive high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients. Matching tumors of relapsed versus newly diagnosed HGSOC patients also showed enhanced expression of AKR1B1, ITGAV, TGFβ1 and G6PD protein in relapsed tumors. Among the identified proteins, significant enhanced expression of GFPT2, FLNA, TGFBI (CDGG1), ITGA2 predicted unfavorable prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. Further analysis suggested that the expression of TGFBI to correlate positively with the expression of identified and validated proteins such as GFPT2, FLNA, G6PD, ITGAV, ITGA1 and ITGA2; and with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in the TME. CONCLUSIONS Our research demonstrates proteomic-based discovery of novel EMT-related markers with an altered metabolic profile in platinum-resistant versus sensitive ovarian cancer cell lines. The study also confirms the expression of selected identified markers in the tumors of platinum-resistant versus sensitive, and in matching relapsed versus newly diagnosed HGSOC patients. The study provides insights into the metabolic adaptation of EMT-induced carboplatin resistant cells that confers on them reduced proliferation to provide effective migratory advantage; and the role of some of these identified proteins in ovarian cancer prognosis. These observations warrant further investigation of these novel target proteins in platinum-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilys Leung
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia
| | - Zoe K. Price
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Noor A. Lokman
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Wanqi Wang
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Lizamarie Goonetilleke
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - Elif Kadife
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia ,grid.416075.10000 0004 0367 1221Department of Gynecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- grid.1010.00000 0004 1936 7304Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005 Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia ,grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mt Helen, VIC 3350 Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Central Technology Central Park, Ballarat, Vic 3353 Australia ,grid.1040.50000 0001 1091 4859School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Mt Helen, VIC 3350 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168 Australia
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Cancer Stem Cell Formation Induced and Regulated by Extracellular ATP and Stanniocalcin-1 in Human Lung Cancer Cells and Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314770. [PMID: 36499099 PMCID: PMC9740946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are closely associated with metastasis and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). We previously reported that extracellular ATP (eATP) induces and regulates EMT in cancer cells. We recently found that the gene stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) is significantly upregulated by eATP in human non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells; however, the relationships among eATP, CSCs, and STC1 were largely unknown. In this study, we performed gene knockdown and knockout, and a wide variety of functional assays to determine if and how eATP and STC1 induce CSCs in NSCLC A549 and H1299 cells. Our data show that, in both cultured cells and tumors, eATP increased the number of CSCs in the cancer cell population and upregulated CSC-related genes and protein markers. STC1 deletion led to drastically slower cell and tumor growth, reduced intracellular ATP levels and CSC markers, and metabolically shifted STC1-deficient cells from an energetic state to a quiescent state. These findings indicate that eATP induces and regulates CSCs at transcriptional, translational, and metabolic levels, and these activities are mediated through STC1 via mitochondria-associated ATP synthesis. These novel findings offer insights into eATP-induced CSCs and identify new targets for inhibiting CSCs.
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Leung RWH, Lee TKW. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling as a Driver of Stemness and Metabolic Reprogramming in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215468. [PMID: 36358885 PMCID: PMC9656505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been reported to play crucial role in pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this review, we focus on the regulatory role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer stemness and metabolic reprogramming, which are two emerging hallmarks of cancer. Understanding the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in regulation of the above processes reveals novel therapeutic strategy against this deadly disease. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer death worldwide due to its high rates of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been shown to play a significant role in HCC development, progression and clinical impact on tumor behavior. Accumulating evidence has revealed the critical involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in driving cancer stemness and metabolic reprogramming, which are regarded as emerging cancer hallmarks. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its role in HCC. Furthermore, we provide an update on the regulatory roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in metabolic reprogramming, cancer stemness and drug resistance in HCC. We also provide an update on preclinical and clinical studies targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling alone or in combination with current therapies for effective cancer therapy. This review provides insights into the current opportunities and challenges of targeting this signaling pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainbow Wing Hei Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3400-8799; Fax: +852-2364-9932
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Zheng JY, Liu JY, Zhu T, Liu C, Gao Y, Dai WT, Zhuo W, Mao XY, He BM, Liu ZQ. Effects of Glycolysis-Related Genes on Prognosis and the Tumor Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895608. [PMID: 35924040 PMCID: PMC9340275 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and deadly malignancy worldwide. Current treatment methods for hepatocellular carcinoma have many disadvantages; thus, it is urgent to improve the efficacy of these therapies. Glycolysis is critical in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, survival and prognosis biomarkers related to glycolysis in HCC patients remain to be fully identified. Methods: Glycolysis-related genes (GRGs) were downloaded from “The Molecular Signatures Database” (MSigDB), and the mRNA expression profiles and clinical information of HCC patients were obtained from TCGA. Consensus clustering was performed to classify the HCC patients into two subgroups. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis to construct the risk signature model. Kaplan–Meier (K-M) survival analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the risk model, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The independent prediction ability of the risk model was validated by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The differences of immune infiltrates and relevant oncogenic signaling between different risk groups were compared. Finally, biological experiments were performed to explore the functions of screened genes. Results: HCC patients were classified into two subgroups, according to the expression of prognostic-related GRGs. Almost all GRGs categorized in cluster 2 showed upregulated expressions, whereas GRGs in cluster 1 conferred survival advantages. GSEA identified a positive correlation between cluster 2 and the glycolysis process. Ten genes were selected for risk signature construction. Patients were assigned to high-risk and low-risk groups based on the median risk score, and K-M survival analysis indicated that the high-risk group had a shorter survival time. Additionally, the risk gene signature can partially affect immune infiltrates within the HCC microenvironment, and many oncogenic pathways were enriched in the high-risk group, including glycolysis, hypoxia, and DNA repair. Finally, in vitro knockdown of ME1 suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Conclusion: In our study, we successfully constructed and verified a novel glycolysis-related risk signature for HCC prognosis prediction, which is meaningful for classifying HCC patients and offers potential targets for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yan Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Ting Dai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yuan Mao, ; Bai-Mei He, ; Zhao-Qian Liu,
| | - Bai-Mei He
- Departments of Gerontology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yuan Mao, ; Bai-Mei He, ; Zhao-Qian Liu,
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Yuan Mao, ; Bai-Mei He, ; Zhao-Qian Liu,
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Zhang Q, Li W. Correlation between amino acid metabolism and self-renewal of cancer stem cells: Perspectives in cancer therapy. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:267-286. [PMID: 35662861 PMCID: PMC9136564 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i4.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess self-renewal and differentiation potential, which may be related to recurrence, metastasis, and radiochemotherapy resistance during tumor treatment. Understanding the mechanisms via which CSCs maintain self-renewal may reveal new therapeutic targets for attenuating CSC resistance and extending patient life-span. Recent studies have shown that amino acid metabolism plays an important role in maintaining the self-renewal of CSCs and is involved in regulating their tumorigenicity characteristics. This review summarizes the relationship between CSCs and amino acid metabolism, and discusses the possible mechanisms by which amino acid metabolism regulates CSC characteristics particularly self-renewal, survival and stemness. The ultimate goal is to identify new targets and research directions for elimination of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
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11
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PI3K-AKT Pathway Modulation by Thymoquinone Limits Tumor Growth and Glycolytic Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042305. [PMID: 35216429 PMCID: PMC8880628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of death in men and the fourth in women worldwide and is characterized by deranged cellular energetics. Thymoquinone, an active component from Nigella sativa, has been extensively studied against cancer, however, its role in affecting deregulated cancer metabolism is largely unknown. Further, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is one of the most activated pathways in cancer and its activation is central to most deregulated metabolic pathways for supporting the anabolic needs of growing cancer cells. Herein, we provide evidence that thymoquinone inhibits glycolytic metabolism (Warburg effect) in colorectal cancer cell lines. Further, we show that such an abrogation of deranged cell metabolism was due, at least in part, to the inhibition of the rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme, Hexokinase 2 (HK2), via modulating the PI3/AKT axis. While overexpression of HK2 showed that it is essential for fueling glycolytic metabolism as well as sustaining tumorigenicity, its pharmacologic and/or genetic inhibition led to a reduction in the observed effects. The results decipher HK2 mediated inhibitory effects of thymoquinone in modulating its glycolytic metabolism and antitumor effects. In conclusion, we provide evidence of metabolic perturbation by thymoquinone in CRC cells, highlighting its potential to be used/repurposed as an antimetabolite drug, though the latter needs further validation utilizing other suitable cell and/or preclinical animal models.
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12
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Quantifying the Patterns of Metabolic Plasticity and Heterogeneity along the Epithelial–Hybrid–Mesenchymal Spectrum in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020297. [PMID: 35204797 PMCID: PMC8961667 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality and the process of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for cancer metastasis. Both partial and complete EMT have been reported to influence the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells in terms of switching among the oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis pathways. However, a comprehensive analysis of these major metabolic pathways and their associations with EMT across different cancers is lacking. Here, we analyse more than 180 cancer cell datasets and show the diverse associations of these metabolic pathways with the EMT status of cancer cells. Our bulk data analysis shows that EMT generally positively correlates with glycolysis but negatively with oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. These correlations are also consistent at the level of their molecular master regulators, namely AMPK and HIF1α. Yet, these associations are shown to not be universal. The analysis of single-cell data for EMT induction shows dynamic changes along the different axes of metabolic pathways, consistent with general trends seen in bulk samples. Further, assessing the association of EMT and metabolic activity with patient survival shows that a higher extent of EMT and glycolysis predicts a worse prognosis in many cancers. Together, our results reveal the underlying patterns of metabolic plasticity and heterogeneity as cancer cells traverse through the epithelial–hybrid–mesenchymal spectrum of states.
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13
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Tsai YC, Chen SL, Peng SL, Tsai YL, Chang ZM, Chang VHS, Ch’ang HJ. Upregulating sirtuin 6 ameliorates glycolysis, EMT and distant metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma with krüppel-like factor 10 deficiency. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1623-1635. [PMID: 34702956 PMCID: PMC8569177 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) is a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers. In a murine model of spontaneous pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), additional KLF10 depletion accelerated distant metastasis. However, Klf10 knockout mice, which suffer from metabolic disorders, do not develop malignancy. The mechanisms of KLF10 in PDAC progression deserve further exploration. KLF10-depleted and KLF10-overexpressing PDAC cells were established to measure epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), glycolysis, and migration ability. A murine model was established to evaluate the benefit of genetic or pharmacological manipulation in KLF10-depleted PDAC cells (PDACshKLF10). Correlations of KLF10 deficiency with rapid metastasis, elevated EMT, and glycolysis were demonstrated in resected PDAC tissues, in vitro assays, and murine models. We identified sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) as an essential mediator of KLF10 that modulates EMT and glucose homeostasis. Overexpressing SIRT6 reversed the migratory and glycolytic phenotypes of PDACshKLF10 cells. Linoleic acid, a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid, upregulated SIRT6 and prolonged the survival of mice injected with PDACshKLF10. Modulating HIF1α and NFκB revealed that EMT and glycolysis in PDAC cells were coordinately regulated upstream by KLF10/SIRT6 signaling. Our study demonstrated a novel KLF10/SIRT6 pathway that modulated EMT and glycolysis coordinately via NFκB and HIF1α. Activation of KLF10/SIRT6 signaling ameliorated the distant progression of PDAC.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov. identifier: NCT01666184.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chih Tsai
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Su-Liang Chen
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Peng
- grid.412040.30000 0004 0639 0054Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Li Tsai
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Zuong-Ming Chang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Vincent Hung-Shu Chang
- grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Program for Translation Biology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Ch’ang
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan ,grid.412896.00000 0000 9337 0481Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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14
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S100P contributes to promoter demethylation and transcriptional activation of SLC2A5 to promote metastasis in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:734-747. [PMID: 34188196 PMCID: PMC8405647 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SLC2A5 is a high-affinity fructose transporter, which is frequently upregulated in multiple human malignant tumours. However, the function and molecular mechanism of SLC2A5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown. METHODS We detected the expression levels of SLC2A5 in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines by western blotting, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. CRC cell lines with stable overexpression or knockdown of SLC2A5 were constructed to evaluate the functional roles of SLC2A5 in vitro through conventional assays. An intrasplenic inoculation model was established in mice to investigate the effect of SLC2A5 in promoting metastasis in vivo. Methylation mass spectrometry sequencing, methylation specific PCR, bisulphite sequencing PCR, ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assay were performed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying transcriptional activation of SLC2A5. RESULTS We found that SLC2A5 was upregulated in colorectal tumour tissues. Functionally, a high level of SLC2A5 expression was associated with increased invasion and metastasis capacities of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we unveiled that S100P could integrate to a specific region of SLC2A5 promoter, thereby reducing its methylation levels and activating SLC2A5 transcription. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal a novel mechanism that S100P mediates the promoter demethylation and transcription activation of SLC2A5, thereby promoting the metastasis of CRC.
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15
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Deshmukh AP, Vasaikar SV, Tomczak K, Tripathi S, den Hollander P, Arslan E, Chakraborty P, Soundararajan R, Jolly MK, Rai K, Levine H, Mani SA. Identification of EMT signaling cross-talk and gene regulatory networks by single-cell RNA sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2102050118. [PMID: 33941680 PMCID: PMC8126782 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102050118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role during normal development and in cancer progression. EMT is induced by various signaling pathways, including TGF-β, BMP, Wnt-β-catenin, NOTCH, Shh, and receptor tyrosine kinases. In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on MCF10A cells undergoing EMT by TGF-β1 stimulation. Our comprehensive analysis revealed that cells progress through EMT at different paces. Using pseudotime clustering reconstruction of gene-expression profiles during EMT, we found sequential and parallel activation of EMT signaling pathways. We also observed various transitional cellular states during EMT. We identified regulatory signaling nodes that drive EMT with the expression of important microRNAs and transcription factors. Using a random circuit perturbation methodology, we demonstrate that the NOTCH signaling pathway acts as a key driver of TGF-β-induced EMT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the gene signatures of pseudotime clusters corresponding to the intermediate hybrid EMT state are associated with poor patient outcome. Overall, this study provides insight into context-specific drivers of cancer progression and highlights the complexities of the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet P Deshmukh
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Suhas V Vasaikar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Katarzyna Tomczak
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Shubham Tripathi
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Emre Arslan
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Priyanka Chakraborty
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bangalore, India
| | - Rama Soundararajan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, 560012 Bangalore, India
| | - Kunal Rai
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030;
| | - Herbert Levine
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115;
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030;
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16
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Rencuzogulları O, Yerlikaya PO, Gürkan AÇ, Arısan ED, Telci D. Palbociclib negatively regulates fatty acid synthesis due to upregulation of AMPKα and miR-33a levels to increase apoptosis in Panc-1 and MiaPaCa-2 cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:342-354. [PMID: 33538066 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) synthesis mechanism has various regulators such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), AMP-regulated protein kinase (AMPK), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which are aberrantly dysregulated in various pancreatic cancer cells. In this study, we aim to understand the regulatory role of palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, on the cellular energy metabolism through regulation of AMPK/mTOR signaling by modulation of intracellular miR-33a levels in Panc-1 and MiaPaCa-2 cells. Palbociclib downregulated FAs metabolism more effectively in MiaPaCa-2 cells than Panc-1 cells. Moreover, palbociclib treatment increased the levels of miR-33a in each cell line albeit a higher increase was evident in MiaPaCa-2 cells. Stress-mediated activation of mTOR signaling axis was found associated with palbociclib-mediated AMPKα activation and miR33a upregulation. These findings provided that a deeper understanding about possible interactions of cell cycle activity and reduction of FAs synthesis may facilitate the enhancement of cell death mechanisms in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Rencuzogulları
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Obakan Yerlikaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ajda Çoker Gürkan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Literature Faculty, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Damla Arısan
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Dilek Telci
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Zhang D, Zheng Y, Yang S, Li Y, Wang M, Yao J, Deng Y, Li N, Wei B, Wu Y, Zhu Y, Li H, Dai Z. Identification of a Novel Glycolysis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Breast Cancer Survival. Front Oncol 2021; 10:596087. [PMID: 33489894 PMCID: PMC7821871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.596087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify a glycolysis-related gene signature for the evaluation of prognosis in patients with breast cancer, we analyzed the data of a training set from TCGA database and four validation cohorts from the GEO and ICGC databases which included 1,632 patients with breast cancer. We conducted GSEA, univariate Cox regression, LASSO, and multiple Cox regression analysis. Finally, an 11-gene signature related to glycolysis for predicting survival in patients with breast cancer was developed. And Kaplan–Meier analysis and ROC analyses suggested that the signature showed a good prognostic ability for BC in the TCGA, ICGC, and GEO datasets. The analyses of univariate Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression revealed that it’s an important prognostic factor independent of multiple clinical features. Moreover, a prognostic nomogram, combining the gene signature and clinical characteristics of patients, was constructed. These findings provide insights into the identification of breast cancer patients with a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Si Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiche Li
- Breast Center Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bajin Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuyao Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of Breast Head and Neck surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Tumor Hospital), Urumqi, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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The Metabolic Heterogeneity and Flexibility of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102780. [PMID: 32998263 PMCID: PMC7601708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been shown to be the main cause of therapy resistance and cancer recurrence. An analysis of their biological properties has revealed that CSCs have a particular metabolism that differs from non-CSCs to maintain their stemness properties. In this review, we analyze the flexible metabolic mechanisms of CSCs and highlight the new therapeutics that target CSC metabolism. Abstract Numerous findings have indicated that CSCs, which are present at a low frequency inside primary tumors, are the main cause of therapy resistance and cancer recurrence. Although various therapeutic methods targeting CSCs have been attempted for eliminating cancer cells completely, the complicated characteristics of CSCs have hampered such attempts. In analyzing the biological properties of CSCs, it was revealed that CSCs have a peculiar metabolism that is distinct from non-CSCs to maintain their stemness properties. The CSC metabolism involves not only the catabolic and anabolic pathways, but also intracellular signaling, gene expression, and redox balance. In addition, CSCs can reprogram their metabolism to flexibly respond to environmental changes. In this review, we focus on the flexible metabolic mechanisms of CSCs, and highlight the new therapeutics that target CSC metabolism.
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19
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Deng XY, Gan XX, Feng JH, Cai WS, Wang XQ, Shen L, Luo HT, Chen Z, Guo M, Cao J, Shen F, Xu B. ALDH5A1 acts as a tumour promoter and has a prognostic impact in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 39:317-325. [PMID: 32881051 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine carcinoma, with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounting for 80%-90% of thyroid cancers. Accumulating studies reported that mitochondria plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation. ALDH5A1, may function as an oncogene or tumour suppressor in various human cancers, and the role of ALDH5A1 in PTC is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of ALDH5A1 expression and its functions in PTC. In this present study, we studied ALDH5A1 expression on primary papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results showed that the levels of ALDH5A1 were found positively correlated with tumour stage, metastasis, lymph node stage, and higher levels of ALDH5A1 demonstrated poor disease-free survival (DFS). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that significantly higher expression of ALDH5A1 was found in PTC tissues. On the other hand, knockdown of ALDH5A1 significantly inhibited PTC cell proliferation, migration and invasion detection found the migration and invasion of cells also were hindered when ALDH5A1 level was reduced. The knockdown of ALDH5A1 inhibited the expression of Vimentin and promoted the expression of E-cadherin. In brief, knockdown of ALDH5A1may act as a novel molecular target for the prevention and treatment of PTC. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: The present study focused on the role and the potential mechanism of ALDH5A1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma. We demonstrated that reduced expression of ALDH5A1 might inhibit the progression of TC by inhibiting cell proliferation, migration and invasion and reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The findings ensured the interaction relation between ALDH5A1 and EMT in PTC, providing a novel biological marker for PTC and enriching the potential strategies for TC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yan Deng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xiong Gan
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Feng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wen-Song Cai
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xin-Quan Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hong-Tu Luo
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mengli Guo
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Fei Shen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China.,Department of Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
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20
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Frattaruolo L, Brindisi M, Curcio R, Marra F, Dolce V, Cappello AR. Targeting the Mitochondrial Metabolic Network: A Promising Strategy in Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176014. [PMID: 32825551 PMCID: PMC7503725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, which implements a profound metabolic rewiring in order to support a high proliferation rate and to ensure cell survival in its complex microenvironment. Although initial studies considered glycolysis as a crucial metabolic pathway in tumor metabolism reprogramming (i.e., the Warburg effect), recently, the critical role of mitochondria in oncogenesis, tumor progression, and neoplastic dissemination has emerged. In this report, we examined the main mitochondrial metabolic pathways that are altered in cancer, which play key roles in the different stages of tumor progression. Furthermore, we reviewed the function of important molecules inhibiting the main mitochondrial metabolic processes, which have been proven to be promising anticancer candidates in recent years. In particular, inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), heme flux, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), glutaminolysis, mitochondrial dynamics, and biogenesis are discussed. The examined mitochondrial metabolic network inhibitors have produced interesting results in both preclinical and clinical studies, advancing cancer research and emphasizing that mitochondrial targeting may represent an effective anticancer strategy.
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21
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D'Angelo E, Lindoso RS, Sensi F, Pucciarelli S, Bussolati B, Agostini M, Collino F. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Modulators of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Driving the Fate of Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1122. [PMID: 32793478 PMCID: PMC7393251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an evolutionarily conserved process. In cancer, EMT can activate biochemical changes in tumor cells that enable the destruction of the cellular polarity, leading to the acquisition of invasive capabilities. EMT regulation can be triggered by intrinsic and extrinsic signaling, allowing the tumor to adapt to the microenvironment demand in the different stages of tumor progression. In concomitance, tumor cells undergoing EMT actively interact with the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) constituted by cell components and extracellular matrix as well as cell secretome elements. As a result, the TME is in turn modulated by the EMT process toward an aggressive behavior. The current review presents the intrinsic and extrinsic modulators of EMT and their relationship with the TME, focusing on the non-cell-derived components, such as secreted metabolites, extracellular matrix, as well as extracellular vesicles. Moreover, we explore how these modulators can be suitable targets for anticancer therapy and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo D'Angelo
- First Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- LIFELAB Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria–CORIS, Veneto Region, Padua, Italy
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Fondazione Citta della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine–REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Fondazione Citta della Speranza, Padua, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Cà Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- First Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- First Surgical Clinic, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- LIFELAB Program, Consorzio per la Ricerca Sanitaria–CORIS, Veneto Region, Padua, Italy
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Fondazione Citta della Speranza, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Collino
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Zhai Q, Qin J, Jin X, Sun X, Wang L, Du W, Li T, Xiang X. PADI4 modulates the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells by down-regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Life Sci 2020; 256:117968. [PMID: 32544462 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of primary bone malignancy with high recurrence and metastasis. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4), as an important protein post-translational modification enzyme, has been identified as a potential regulator in the invasion and migration in several types of tumors. The role of PADI4 in osteosarcoma metastasis remains unknown. In this study, we revealed significant positive correlation between PADI4 and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma. Wound-healing and transwell assay indicated that PADI4 induced invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cell in vitro while PADI4 inhibitor has repressive effect. PADI4 mutation with no deimination activity exhibited no significant effect on invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, we evaluated the effect of PADI4 on expression of the markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and results showed that PADI4 promoted EMT while PADI4 inhibitor suppressed EMT in osteosarcoma cells. We also detected the expression of PADI4 and E-Cadherin in the tissues of osteosarcoma patients with or without pulmonary metastasis. Results showed positive relationship between the expression of PADI4 and osteosarcoma metastasis. In contrast, the expression of E-Cadherin exhibited negative correlation with PADI4 and osteosarcoma metastasis. Our research offered a novel link between PADI4 and osteosarcoma metastasis and demonstrated PADI4 as a promising target for treatment of osteosarcoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Zhai
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Jie Qin
- Department of Oncology, Gaoqing People's Hospital, Zibo 256300, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Department of Geriatrics, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Linping Wang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Wenyan Du
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China
| | - Tao Li
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China.
| | - Xinxin Xiang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255036, China.
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