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Much C, Lasda EL, Pereira IT, Vallery TK, Ramirez D, Lewandowski JP, Dowell RD, Smallegan MJ, Rinn JL. The temporal dynamics of lncRNA Firre-mediated epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6821. [PMID: 39122712 PMCID: PMC11316132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50402-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have now demonstrated that lncRNAs can influence gene expression programs leading to cell and organismal phenotypes. Typically, lncRNA perturbations and concomitant changes in gene expression are measured on the timescale of many hours to days. Thus, we currently lack a temporally grounded understanding of the primary, secondary, and tertiary relationships of lncRNA-mediated transcriptional and epigenetic regulation-a prerequisite to elucidating lncRNA mechanisms. To begin to address when and where a lncRNA regulates gene expression, we genetically engineer cell lines to temporally induce the lncRNA Firre. Using this approach, we are able to monitor lncRNA transcriptional regulatory events from 15 min to four days. We observe that upon induction, Firre RNA regulates epigenetic and transcriptional states in trans within 30 min. These early regulatory events result in much larger transcriptional changes after 12 h, well before current studies monitor lncRNA regulation. Moreover, Firre-mediated gene expression changes are epigenetically remembered for days. Overall, this study suggests that lncRNAs can rapidly regulate gene expression by establishing persistent epigenetic and transcriptional states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Much
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Erika L Lasda
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Isabela T Pereira
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Tenaya K Vallery
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Daniel Ramirez
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80302, USA
| | - Jordan P Lewandowski
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Robin D Dowell
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80302, USA
| | - Michael J Smallegan
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80302, USA.
| | - John L Rinn
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA.
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Zu S, Yang M, Li X, Wu H, Li X, Fan Y, Wang D, Zhang B. Flavonoids intake and weight-adjusted waist index: insights from a cross-sectional study of NHANES. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1400726. [PMID: 38957872 PMCID: PMC11217567 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1400726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study conducted data on 15,446 adults to explore the impact of flavonoids on weight-adjusted waist index (WWI). This was a nationwide cross-sectional study among US adults aged 20 years or older. Dietary intake of flavonoids was assessed through 24-h recall questionnaire. WWI was calculated by dividing waist circumference (WC) by the square root of weight. We utilized weighted generalized linear regression to evaluate the association between flavonoids intake and WWI, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) to explore potential non-linear relationships. Our findings indicated that individuals with lower WWI experienced a notable increase in their consumption of total flavonoids, flavanones, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanidins intake (β (95% CI); -0.05(-0.09, -0.01); -0.07(-0.13, 0.00); -0.07(-0.11, -0.02); -0.06(-0.11, 0.00); -0.13(-0.18, -0.08), respectively), with the exception of flavonols and isoflavones. Additionally, consumption of total flavonoids, flavonols, flavanones, isoflavones, and flavan-3-ols had a non-linear relationship with WWI (all P for non-linearity < 0.05). Furthermore, the effect of total flavonoids on WWI varied in race (P for interaction = 0.011), gender (P for interaction = 0.038), and poverty status (P for interaction = 0.002). These findings suggested that increase the intake of flavonoids might prevent abdominal obesity, but further prospective studies are requested before dietary recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiude Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hanhan Wu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xunliang Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Deguang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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3
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Song S, Yu J. Identification of the shared genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis and the role of quercetin. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18127. [PMID: 38332532 PMCID: PMC10853600 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the underlying comorbidity mechanism between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoarthritis (OA), while also assessing the therapeutic potential of quercetin for early intervention and treatment of these two diseases. The shared genes were obtained through GEO2R, limma and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and validated using clinical databases and the area under the curves (ROC). Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of comorbidity between T2DM and OA. The infiltration of immune cells was analysed using the CIBERSORT algorithm in conjunction with ESTIMATE algorithm. Subsequently, transcriptional regulation analysis, potential chemical prediction, gene-disease association, relationships between the shared genes and ferroptosis as well as immunity-related genes were investigated along with molecular docking. We identified the 12 shared genes (EPHA3, RASIP1, PENK, LRRC17, CEBPB, EFEMP2, UBAP1, PPP1R15A, SPEN, MAFF, GADD45B and KLF4) across the four datasets. Our predictions suggested that targeting these shared genes could potentially serve as therapeutic interventions for both T2DM and OA. Specifically, they are involved in key signalling pathways such as p53, IL-17, NF-kB and MAPK signalling pathways. Furthermore, the regulation of ferroptosis and immunity appears to be interconnected in both diseases. Notably, in this context quercetin emerges as a promising drug candidate for treating T2DM and OA by specifically targeting the shared genes. We conducted a bioinformatics analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets, mechanisms and drugs for T2DM and OA, thereby offering novel insights into molecular therapy for these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jiangyi Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
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4
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Parrillo L, Spinelli R, Longo M, Zatterale F, Santamaria G, Leone A, Campitelli M, Raciti GA, Beguinot F. The Transcription Factor HOXA5: Novel Insights into Metabolic Diseases and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction. Cells 2023; 12:2090. [PMID: 37626900 PMCID: PMC10453582 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor HOXA5, from the HOX gene family, has long been studied due to its critical role in physiological activities in normal cells, such as organ development and body patterning, and pathological activities in cancer cells. Nonetheless, recent evidence supports the hypothesis of a role for HOXA5 in metabolic diseases, particularly in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In line with the current opinion that adipocyte and adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction belong to the group of primary defects in obesity, linking this condition to an increased risk of insulin resistance (IR) and T2D, the HOXA5 gene has been shown to regulate adipocyte function and AT remodeling both in humans and mice. Epigenetics adds complexity to HOXA5 gene regulation in metabolic diseases. Indeed, epigenetic mechanisms, specifically DNA methylation, influence the dynamic HOXA5 expression profile. In human AT, the DNA methylation profile at the HOXA5 gene is associated with hypertrophic obesity and an increased risk of developing T2D. Thus, an inappropriate HOXA5 gene expression may be a mechanism causing or maintaining an impaired AT function in obesity and potentially linking obesity to its associated disorders. In this review, we integrate the current evidence about the involvement of HOXA5 in regulating AT function, as well as its association with the pathogenesis of obesity and T2D. We also summarize the current knowledge on the role of DNA methylation in controlling HOXA5 expression. Moreover, considering the susceptibility of epigenetic changes to reversal through targeted interventions, we discuss the potential therapeutic value of targeting HOXA5 DNA methylation changes in the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Parrillo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Rosa Spinelli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
- Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michele Longo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Federica Zatterale
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Alessia Leone
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Michele Campitelli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Gregory Alexander Raciti
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.S.); (M.L.); (F.Z.); (A.L.); (M.C.); (G.A.R.)
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5
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Useini A, Engelberger F, Künze G, Sträter N. Structural basis of the activation of PPARγ by the plasticizer metabolites MEHP and MINCH. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107822. [PMID: 36841188 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and its substitute 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) are widely used as plasticizers but may have adverse health effects. Via hydrolysis of one of the two ester bonds in the human body, DEHP and DINCH form the monoesters MEHP and MINCH, respectively. Previous studies demonstrated binding of these metabolites to PPARγ and the induction of adipogenesis via this pathway. Detailed structural understanding of how these metabolites interact with PPARγ and thereby affect human health is lacking until now. We therefore characterized the binding modes of MINCH and MEHP to the ligand binding domain of PPARγ by X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Both compounds bind to the activating function-2 (AF-2) binding site via an interaction of the free carboxylates with the histidines 323 and 449, tyrosine 473 and serine 289. The alkyl chains form hydrophobic interactions with the tunnel next to cysteine 285. These binding modes are generally stable as demonstrated by the MD simulations and they resemble the complexation of fatty acids and their metabolites to the AF-2 site of PPARγ. Similar to the situation for these natural PPARγ agonists, the interaction of the free carboxylate groups of MEHP and MINCH with tyrosine 473 and surrounding residues stabilizes the AF-2 helix in the upward conformation. This state promotes binding of coactivator proteins and thus formation of the active complex for transcription of the specific target genes. Moreover, a comparison of the residues involved in binding of the plasticizer metabolites in vertebrate PPARγ orthologs shows that these compounds likely have similar effects in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abibe Useini
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felipe Engelberger
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Künze
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Norbert Sträter
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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6
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Krieg L, Didt K, Karkossa I, Bernhart SH, Kehr S, Subramanian N, Lindhorst A, Schaudinn A, Tabei S, Keller M, Stumvoll M, Dietrich A, von Bergen M, Stadler PF, Laurencikiene J, Krüger M, Blüher M, Gericke M, Schubert K, Kovacs P, Chakaroun R, Massier L. Multiomics reveal unique signatures of human epiploic adipose tissue related to systemic insulin resistance. Gut 2022; 71:2179-2193. [PMID: 34598978 PMCID: PMC9554031 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human white adipose tissue (AT) is a metabolically active organ with distinct depot-specific functions. Despite their locations close to the gastrointestinal tract, mesenteric AT and epiploic AT (epiAT) have only scarcely been investigated. Here, we aim to characterise these ATs in-depth and estimate their contribution to alterations in whole-body metabolism. DESIGN Mesenteric, epiploic, omental and abdominal subcutaneous ATs were collected from 70 patients with obesity undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The metabolically well-characterised cohort included nine subjects with insulin sensitive (IS) obesity, whose AT samples were analysed in a multiomics approach, including methylome, transcriptome and proteome along with samples from subjects with insulin resistance (IR) matched for age, sex and body mass index (n=9). Findings implying differences between AT depots in these subgroups were validated in the entire cohort (n=70) by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS While mesenteric AT exhibited signatures similar to those found in the omental depot, epiAT was distinct from all other studied fat depots. Multiomics allowed clear discrimination between the IS and IR states in all tissues. The highest discriminatory power between IS and IR was seen in epiAT, where profound differences in the regulation of developmental, metabolic and inflammatory pathways were observed. Gene expression levels of key molecules involved in AT function, metabolic homeostasis and inflammation revealed significant depot-specific differences with epiAT showing the highest expression levels. CONCLUSION Multi-omics epiAT signatures reflect systemic IR and obesity subphenotypes distinct from other fat depots. Our data suggest a previously unrecognised role of human epiploic fat in the context of obesity, impaired insulin sensitivity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Krieg
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Didt
- Department for Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan H Bernhart
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Lindhorst
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Schaudinn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Shirin Tabei
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maria Keller
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation and Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany,Faculty of Life Science, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Martin Krüger
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG), Helmholtz Zentrum München, University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Gericke
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung eV, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucas Massier
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden .,Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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Barth LAG, Nebe M, Kalwa H, Velluva A, Kehr S, Kolbig F, Prabutzki P, Kiess W, Le Duc D, Garten A, Kirstein AS. Phospholipid Scramblase 4 (PLSCR4) Regulates Adipocyte Differentiation via PIP3-Mediated AKT Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179787. [PMID: 36077184 PMCID: PMC9456373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipid scramblase 4 (PLSCR4) is a member of a conserved enzyme family with high relevance for the remodeling of phospholipid distribution in the plasma membrane and the regulation of cellular signaling. While PLSCR1 and -3 are involved in the regulation of adipose-tissue expansion, the role of PLSCR4 is so far unknown. PLSCR4 is significantly downregulated in an adipose-progenitor-cell model of deficiency for phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). PTEN acts as a tumor suppressor and antagonist of the growth and survival signaling phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT cascade by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). Patients with PTEN germline deletion frequently develop lipomas. The underlying mechanism for this aberrant adipose-tissue growth is incompletely understood. PLSCR4 is most highly expressed in human adipose tissue, compared with other phospholipid scramblases, suggesting a specific role of PLSCR4 in adipose-tissue biology. In cell and mouse models of lipid accumulation, we found PLSCR4 to be downregulated. We observed increased adipogenesis in PLSCR4-knockdown adipose progenitor cells, while PLSCR4 overexpression attenuated lipid accumulation. PLSCR4 knockdown was associated with increased PIP3 levels and the activation of AKT. Our results indicated that PLSCR4 is a regulator of PI3K/AKT signaling and adipogenesis and may play a role in PTEN-associated adipose-tissue overgrowth and lipoma formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. G. Barth
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michèle Nebe
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hermann Kalwa
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Akhil Velluva
- Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig University Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florentien Kolbig
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig University Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna S. Kirstein
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-972-6504
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8
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Nebe M, Kehr S, Schmitz S, Breitfeld J, Lorenz J, Le Duc D, Stadler PF, Meiler J, Kiess W, Garten A, Kirstein AS. Small integral membrane protein 10 like 1 downregulation enhances differentiation of adipose progenitor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 604:57-62. [PMID: 35290761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Small integral membrane protein 10 like 1 (SMIM10L1) was identified by RNA sequencing as the most significantly downregulated gene in Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue (PTEN) knockdown adipose progenitor cells (APCs). PTEN is a tumor suppressor that antagonizes the growth promoting Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) cascade. Diseases caused by germline pathogenic variants in PTEN are summarized as PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS). This overgrowth syndrome is associated with lipoma formation, especially in pediatric patients. The mechanisms underlying this adipose tissue dysfunction remain elusive. We observed that SMIM10L1 downregulation in APCs led to an enhanced adipocyte differentiation in two- and three-dimensional cell culture and increased expression of adipogenesis markers. Furthermore, SMIM10L1 knockdown cells showed a decreased expression of PTEN, pointing to a mutual crosstalk between PTEN and SMIM10L1. In line with these observations, SMIM10L1 knockdown cells showed increased activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and concomitantly increased expression of the adipogenic transcription factor SREBP1. We computationally predicted an α-helical structure and membrane association of SMIM10L1. These results support a specific role for SMIM10L1 in regulating adipogenesis, potentially by increasing PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, which might be conducive to lipoma formation in pediatric patients with PHTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Nebe
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samuel Schmitz
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jana Breitfeld
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith Lorenz
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Institute of Drug Discovery, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna S Kirstein
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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Zhang J, Chen Y, Yan L, Zhang X, Zheng X, Qi J, Yang F, Li J. EphA3 deficiency in hypothalamus promotes high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. J Biomed Res 2022; 37:179-193. [PMID: 37013864 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma A3 (EphA3) is a member of the largest subfamily of tyrosine kinase receptors-Eph receptors. Previous studies have shown that EphA3 is associated with tissue development. Recently, we have found that the expression of EphA3 is elevated in the hypothalamus of mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO). However, the role of EphA3 in hypothalamic-controlled energy metabolism remains unclear. In the current study, we demonstrated that the deletion of EphA3 in the hypothalamus by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing promotes obesity in male mice with high-fat diet feeding rather than those with normal chow diet feeding. Moreover, the deletion of hypothalamic EphA3 promotes high-fat DIO by increasing food intake and reducing energy expenditure. Knockdown of EphA3 leads to smaller intracellular vesicles in GT1-7 cells. The current study reveals that hypothalamic EphA3 plays important roles in promoting DIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Lihong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Junxia Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Juxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
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Kirstein AS, Kehr S, Nebe M, Hanschkow M, Barth LAG, Lorenz J, Penke M, Breitfeld J, Le Duc D, Landgraf K, Körner A, Kovacs P, Stadler PF, Kiess W, Garten A. PTEN regulates adipose progenitor cell growth, differentiation, and replicative aging. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100968. [PMID: 34273354 PMCID: PMC8350019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) negatively regulates the insulin signaling pathway. Germline PTEN pathogenic variants cause PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), associated with lipoma development in children. Adipose progenitor cells (APCs) lose their capacity to differentiate into adipocytes during continuous culture, whereas APCs from lipomas of patients with PHTS retain their adipogenic potential over a prolonged period. It remains unclear which mechanisms trigger this aberrant adipose tissue growth. To investigate the role of PTEN in adipose tissue development, we performed functional assays and RNA-Seq of control and PTEN knockdown APCs. Reduction of PTEN levels using siRNA or CRISPR led to enhanced proliferation and differentiation of APCs. Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) transcriptional activity is known to be regulated by insulin signaling, and FOXO1 was downregulated at the mRNA level while its inactivation through phosphorylation increased. FOXO1 phosphorylation initiates the expression of the lipogenesis-activating transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). SREBP1 levels were higher after PTEN knockdown and may account for the observed enhanced adipogenesis. To validate this, we overexpressed constitutively active FOXO1 in PTEN CRISPR cells and found reduced adipogenesis, accompanied by SREBP1 downregulation. We observed that PTEN CRISPR cells showed less senescence compared with controls and the senescence marker CDKN1A (p21) was downregulated in PTEN knockdown cells. Cellular senescence was the most significantly enriched pathway found in RNA-Seq of PTEN knockdown versus control cells. These results provide evidence that PTEN is involved in the regulation of APC proliferation, differentiation, and senescence, thereby contributing to aberrant adipose tissue growth in patients with PHTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Kirstein
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Kehr
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michèle Nebe
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martha Hanschkow
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lisa A G Barth
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Judith Lorenz
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melanie Penke
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Breitfeld
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Le Duc
- Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter F Stadler
- Bioinformatics Group, Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wieland Kiess
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Garten
- University Hospital for Children & Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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11
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Abstract
The HOXC10 gene, a member of the HOX genes family, plays crucial roles in mammalian physiological processes, such as limb morphological development, limb regeneration, and lumbar motor neuron differentiation. HOXC10 is also associated with angiogenesis, fat metabolism, and sex regulation. Additional evidence suggests that HOXC10 dysregulation is closely associated with various tumors. HOXC10 is an important transcription factor that can activate several oncogenic pathways by regulating various target molecules such as ERK, AKT, p65, and epithelial mesenchymal transition-related genes. HOXC10 also induces drug resistance in cancers by promoting the DNA repair pathway. In this review, we summarize HOXC10 gene structure and expression as well as the role of HOXC10 in different human cancer processes. This review will provide insight into the status of HOXC10 research and help identify novel targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Fang
- Department of Science and Education, Jinhua Guangfu Oncology Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Jinhua Guangfu Oncology Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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Abstract
Knowledge of the role of HOX proteins in cancer has been steadily accumulating in the last 25 years. They are encoded by 39 HOX genes arranged in 4 distinct clusters, and have unique and redundant function in all types of cancers. Many HOX genes behave as oncogenic transcriptional factors regulating multiple pathways that are critical to malignant progression in a variety of tumors. Some HOX proteins have dual roles that are tumor-site specific, displaying both oncogenic and tumor suppressor function. The focus of this review is on how HOX proteins contribute to growth or suppression of metastasis. The review will cover HOX protein function in the critical aspects of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in cancer stem cell sustenance and in therapy resistance, manifested as distant metastasis. The emerging role of adiposity in both initiation and progression of metastasis is described. Defining the role of HOX genes in the metastatic process has identified candidates for targeted cancer therapies that may combat the metastatic process. We will discuss potential therapeutic opportunities, particularly in pathways influenced by HOX proteins.
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