|
1
|
Wang J, Huang D, Zhang T, Luo Y, Yue X, Zhang H, Cai L, Qian Z. Nrf2, gp91phox and IL-17 are associated with severity and clinical outcomes of patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a comparative study. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2024; 84:297-304. [PMID: 39033335 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2024.2377966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) remain unclear, making timely and accurate differentiation between hypothyroidism and SCH, as well as severity assessment, challenging. This study aimed to investigate the role of NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 (Nrf2), gp91phox, and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the pathogenesis of SCH. In this prospective comparative study, 105 SCH patients, 105 hypothyroidism patients, and 105 healthy individuals were enrolled from January 2022 to August 2023. SCH patients were categorized into mild-moderate and severe groups based on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Levels of TSH, free T4 (FT4), free T3 (FT3), thyroglobulin antibodies (TG-Ab), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-ch), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-ch) were measured. Nrf2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and gp91phox levels were tested using ELISA. Nrf2, IL-17 and gp91phox were significantly higher in SCH and hypothyroidism patients compared to the healthy controls, with hypothyroidism patients showing the highest levels. Nrf2 levels were negatively correlated with TSH, TG-Ab and IL-17, but not gp91phox. Nrf2, IL-17 and gp91phox could be used for diagnosis of SCH and severe SCH. Only TG-Ab, IL-17 and gp91phox were independent risk factors for severe SCH. This study demonstrates a negative correlation between serum Nrf2 levels and SCH severity. TG-Ab, IL-17, and gp91phox are independent risk factors, and their associations with SCH pathology suggest their potential roles in the disease mechanism. These findings provide insights into SCH pathogenesis and highlight the need for further research to elucidate their diagnostic or prognostic significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Debin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yaheng Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xing Yue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Liu Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Clinical Medicine, Changsha Health Vocational College, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Deng S, Zhou F, Wang F, Jiang Y, Tang J, Hu X, Luo L, Jin Y, Huang L, Sun D, Xiao G, Feng J, Li X. C5a enhances Vδ1 T cells recruitment via the CCL2-CCR2 axis in IgA nephropathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111065. [PMID: 37862725 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucosal immune-associated γδ T cells have been implicated in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, the involvement of Vδ1 T cells, the major γδ T cells subtype, in renal damage and the mechanism underlying their migration from peripheral blood to kidney in IgAN remain unclear. METHODS Clinical data from IgAN patients and healthy controls (HC) were analyzed. Phenotypes and chemokine receptors of γδ T cell were compared between IgAN patients and HC. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to assess the infiltration of γδ T cell subsets and the expression of chemokine in renal tissues. In vitro, C5a was used to stimulate the human glomerular mesangial cells (HMCs) and chemotaxis experiment was used to examine Vδ1 T cells migration. Correlation between Vδ1 T cells and related clinical indicators were analyzed. RESULTS IgAN patients exhibited decreased Vδ1 T cell in blood but increased levels in kidneys compared to HC. Increased CCR2-expressing Vδ1 T cells and serum level of CCL2 were observed in IgAN patients. CCL2 co-localized with CCR2 in HMCs of IgAN. In vitro, C5a enhanced Vδ1 T cells recruitment by HMCs through CCL2-CCR2 axis. Importantly, circulating Vδ1 T cell levels showed a negatively correlated with both the urinary protein creatinine ratio (UACR) and 24-hour urine protein (UP). Moreover, kidney infiltration of Vδ1 cells positively correlated with UACR, UP, mesangial hyperplasia and renal tubule atrophy/interstitial fibrosis in IgAN. CONCLUSIONS C5a-induced production of CCL2 by HMCs facilitates Vδ1 T cells recruitment via the CCL2-CCR2 axis, contributing to renal damage in IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglinzi Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangyu Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiale Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liying Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanli Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingyu Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danni Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gong Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China..
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Huang SC, Gau SY, Huang JY, Wu WJ, Wei JCC. Increased Risk of Hypothyroidism in People with Asthma: Evidence from a Real-World Population-Based Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2776. [PMID: 35628903 PMCID: PMC9146804 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-T2 asthma and hypothyroidism share several inflammatory mechanisms in common. However, large-scale, real-world studies evaluating the association between asthma and hypothyroidism are lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk for asthma patients of developing hypothyroidism. METHODS In the retrospective cohort study, people with asthma were recruited from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database in Taiwan. After excluding ineligible patients with a previous history of hypothyroidism, 1:1 propensity matching was conducted to select a non-asthma control group. Based on the multivariate Cox regression model, the adjusted hazard ratio of asthma patients developing hypothyroidism was calculated. RESULTS In total, 95,321 asthma patients were selected as the asthma group and the same amount of people without asthma were selected as the control group. The incidence levels of new-onset hypothyroidism in asthma and non-asthma groups were 8.13 and 6.83 per 100,000 people per year, respectively. Compared with the non-asthma group, the adjusted hazard ratio of the asthma group developing hypothyroidism was 1.217 (95% confidence interval, 1.091-1.357). CONCLUSIONS We found having asthma to be associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should be concerned regarding the endocrinological and inflammatory interaction between the two diseases while caring for people with asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Shuo-Yan Gau
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Jing-Yang Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Center for Health Data Science, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jun Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan; (S.-C.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|