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Nazzari M, Romitti M, Kip AM, Kamps R, Costagliola S, van de Beucken T, Moroni L, Caiment F. Impact of benzo[a]pyrene, PCB153 and sex hormones on human ESC-Derived thyroid follicles using single cell transcriptomics. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108748. [PMID: 38763096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endocrine disruptors are compounds of manmade origin able to interfere with the endocrine system and constitute an important environmental concern. Indeed, detrimental effects on thyroid physiology and functioning have been described. Differences exist in the susceptibility of human sexes to the incidence of thyroid disorders, like autoimmune diseases or cancer. METHODS To study how different hormonal environments impact the thyroid response to endocrine disruptors, we exposed human embryonic stem cell-derived thyroid organoids to physiological concentrations of sex hormones resembling the serum levels of human females post-ovulation or males of reproductive age for three days. Afterwards, we added 10 µM benzo[a]pyrene or PCB153 for 24 h and analyzed the transcriptome changes via single-cell RNA sequencing with differential gene expression and gene ontology analysis. RESULTS The sex hormones receptors genes AR, ESR1, ESR2 and PGR were expressed at low levels. Among the thyroid markers, only TG resulted downregulated by benzo[a]pyrene or benzo[a]pyrene with the "male" hormones mix. Both hormone mixtures and benzo[a]pyrene alone upregulated ribosomal genes and genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, while their combination decreased the expression compared to benzo[a]pyrene alone. The "male" mix and benzo[a]pyrene, alone or in combination, upregulated genes involved in lipid transport and metabolism (APOA1, APOC3, APOA4, FABP1, FABP2, FABP6). The combination of "male" hormones and benzo[a]pyrene induced also genes involved in inflammation and NFkB targets. Benzo[a]pyrene upregulated CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and NQO1 irrespective of the hormonal context. The induction was stronger in the "female" mix. Benzo[a]pyrene alone upregulated genes involved in cell cycle regulation, response to reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. PCB153 had a modest effect in presence of "male" hormones, while we did not observe any changes with the "female" mix. CONCLUSION This work shows how single cell transcriptomics can be applied to selectively study the in vitro effects of endocrine disrupters and their interaction with different hormonal contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nazzari
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mírian Romitti
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna M Kip
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Kamps
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Costagliola
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Twan van de Beucken
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Florian Caiment
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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2
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Lasolle H, Schiavo A, Tourneur A, Gillotay P, de Faria da Fonseca B, Ceolin L, Monestier O, Aganahi B, Chomette L, Kizys MML, Haenebalcke L, Pieters T, Goossens S, Haigh J, Detours V, Maia ALS, Costagliola S, Romitti M. Dual targeting of MAPK and PI3K pathways unlocks redifferentiation of Braf-mutated thyroid cancer organoids. Oncogene 2024; 43:155-170. [PMID: 37985676 PMCID: PMC10786723 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and several genetic events have been described to promote the development of thyroid carcinogenesis. Besides the effects of specific mutations on thyroid cancer development, the molecular mechanisms controlling tumorigenesis, tumor behavior, and drug resistance are still largely unknown. Cancer organoids have been proposed as a powerful tool to study aspects related to tumor development and progression and appear promising to test individual responses to therapies. Here, using mESC-derived thyroid organoids, we developed a BrafV637E-inducible model able to recapitulate the features of papillary thyroid cancer in vitro. Overexpression of the murine BrafV637E mutation, equivalent to BrafV600E in humans, rapidly triggers to MAPK activation, cell dedifferentiation, and disruption of follicular organization. BrafV637E-expressing organoids show a transcriptomic signature for p53, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interactions, EMT, and inflammatory signaling pathways. Finally, PTC-like thyroid organoids were used for drug screening assays. The combination of MAPK and PI3K inhibitors reversed BrafV637E oncogene-promoted cell dedifferentiation while restoring thyroid follicle organization and function in vitro. Our results demonstrate that pluripotent stem cells-derived thyroid cancer organoids can mimic tumor development and features while providing an efficient tool for testing novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Lasolle
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrea Schiavo
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Tourneur
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gillotay
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bárbara de Faria da Fonseca
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lucieli Ceolin
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Thyroid Section, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Olivier Monestier
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benilda Aganahi
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Chomette
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marina Malta Letro Kizys
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lieven Haenebalcke
- VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Pieters
- VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- VIB, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jody Haigh
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vincent Detours
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ana Luiza Silva Maia
- Thyroid Section, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sabine Costagliola
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mírian Romitti
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
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3
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Mosteiro L, Nguyen TTT, Hankeova S, Alvarez-Sierra D, Reichelt M, Vandriel SM, Lai Z, Choudhury FK, Sangaraju D, Kamath BM, Scherl A, Pujol-Borrell R, Piskol R, Siebel CW. Notch signaling in thyrocytes is essential for adult thyroid function and mammalian homeostasis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:2094-2110. [PMID: 38123718 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The thyroid functions as an apex endocrine organ that controls growth, differentiation and metabolism1, and thyroid diseases comprise the most common endocrine disorders2. Nevertheless, high-resolution views of the cellular composition and signals that govern the thyroid have been lacking3,4. Here, we show that Notch signalling controls homeostasis and thermoregulation in adult mammals through a mitochondria-based mechanism in a subset of thyrocytes. We discover two thyrocyte subtypes in mouse and human thyroids, identified in single-cell analyses by different levels of metabolic activity and Notch signalling. Therapeutic antibody blockade of Notch in adult mice inhibits a thyrocyte-specific transcriptional program and induces thyrocyte defects due to decreased mitochondrial activity and ROS production. Thus, disrupting Notch signalling in adult mice causes hypothyroidism, characterized by reduced levels of circulating thyroid hormone and dysregulation of whole-body thermoregulation. Inducible genetic deletion of Notch1 and 2 in thyrocytes phenocopies this antibody-induced hypothyroidism, establishing a direct role for Notch in adult murine thyrocytes. We confirm that hypothyroidism is enriched in children with Alagille syndrome, a genetic disorder marked by Notch mutations, suggesting that these findings translate to humans.
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Grants
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
- NA Genentech (Genentech, Inc.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluc Mosteiro
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Thi Thu Thao Nguyen
- Department of Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Simona Hankeova
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Alvarez-Sierra
- Translational Immunology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Campus Vall Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mike Reichelt
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shannon M Vandriel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zijuan Lai
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Feroza K Choudhury
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dewakar Sangaraju
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Binita M Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexis Scherl
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ricardo Pujol-Borrell
- Translational Immunology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Campus Vall Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Vall Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Campus Vall Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Piskol
- Department of Oncology Bioinformatics, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christian W Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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4
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Lendahl U. The thyroid gland under Notch control. Nat Metab 2023; 5:2037-2038. [PMID: 38123717 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Urban Lendahl
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Nazzari M, Romitti M, Hauser D, Carvalho DJ, Giselbrecht S, Moroni L, Costagliola S, Caiment F. Investigation of the effects of phthalates on in vitro thyroid models with RNA-Seq and ATAC-Seq. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1200211. [PMID: 37810885 PMCID: PMC10556862 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phthalates are a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals that have been shown to negatively correlate with thyroid hormone serum levels in humans and to cause a state of hyperactivity in the thyroid. However, their mechanism of action is not well described at the molecular level. Methods We analyzed the response of mouse thyroid organoids to the exposure to a biologically relevant dose range of the phthalates bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-iso-decylphthalate (DIDP), di-iso-nonylphthalate (DINP), and di-n-octylphthalate (DnOP) for 24 h and simultaneously analyzed mRNA and miRNA expression via RNA sequencing. Using the expression data, we performed differential expression and gene set enrichment analysis. We also exposed the human thyroid follicular epithelial cell line Nthy-ori 3-1 to 1 µM of DEHP or DINP for 5 days and analyzed changes in chromatin accessibility via ATAC-Seq. Results Dose-series analysis showed how the expression of several genes increased or decreased at the highest dose tested. As expected with the low dosing scheme, the compounds induced a modest response on the transcriptome, as we identified changes in only mmu-miR-143-3p after DINP treatment and very few differentially expressed genes. No effect was observed on thyroid markers. Ing5, a component of histones H3 and H4 acetylation complexes, was consistently upregulated in three out of four conditions compared to control, and we observed a partial overlap among the genes differentially expressed by the treatments. Gene set enrichment analysis showed enrichment in the treatment samples of the fatty acid metabolism pathway and in the control of pathways related to the receptor signalling and extracellular matrix organization. ATAC-Seq analysis showed a general increase in accessibility compared to the control, however we did not identify significant changes in accessibility in the identified regions. Discussion With this work, we showed that despite having only a few differentially expressed genes, diverse analysis methods could be applied to retrieve relevant information on phthalates, showing the potential of in vitro thyroid-relevant systems for the analysis of endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nazzari
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mírian Romitti
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Duncan Hauser
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel J. Carvalho
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Stefan Giselbrecht
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sabine Costagliola
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florian Caiment
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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6
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Latif R, Morshed SA, McCann C, Davies TF. Thyroid Stem Cell Speciation-a Major Role for PKC. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad067. [PMID: 37120783 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Instructive signals that delineate the formation of thyroid follicles by thyrotropin (TSH) in stem cells are complex. Here, we have examined the role of protein kinase C (PKC) by using a unique Gαq/11 biased small molecule (MSq1) to develop thyroid progenitor cells. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were differentiated into anterior endoderm cells and treated with either TSH or MSq1 in the presence or absence of PKC inhibitors. The transcriptional and translational response of key thyroid markers-sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroglobulin (TG), and thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) as well as potential signaling molecules-were then analyzed. The data confirmed that MSq1 is a potent Gαq/11 activator with a major increase in Gαq/11 signaling when compared to TSH. MSq1 activation resulted in an increase in thyroid-specific genes, demonstrating that enhanced PKC signaling was able to induce their expression. The specificity of the PKC signals over the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway in regulating thyroid gene expression was shown by using a specific PKC enzyme inhibitor. The data revealed that TG and NIS expression were suppressed in the presence of the PKC inhibition but, in contrast, were not influenced by PKA inhibition. This indicated that PKC activation was the dominant pathway in the inductive process for thyroid hormone production. Furthermore, by examining PKC isoforms we found that PKCξ was the predominant form in the ES cells that mediated the effects. Since PKCξ can lead to activation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase (pTAK1), and its downstream effector nuclear factor κB (NFκB) complex, this demonstrated the involvement of the TAK1/NFκB pathway in thyroid speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rauf Latif
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY 10468, USA
| | - Syed A Morshed
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY 10468, USA
| | - Colin McCann
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Terry F Davies
- Thyroid Research Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, NY 10468, USA
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7
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Costagliola S, Singh SP. Emerging technologies in thyroid biology: Pushing the frontiers of thyroid research. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 566-567:111912. [PMID: 36894128 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Costagliola
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
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8
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Nazzari M, Hauser D, van Herwijnen M, Romitti M, Carvalho DJ, Kip AM, Caiment F. CODA: a combo-Seq data analysis workflow. Brief Bioinform 2022; 24:6955042. [PMID: 36545800 PMCID: PMC9851309 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of the combined mRNA and miRNA content of a biological sample can be of interest for answering several research questions, like biomarkers discovery, or mRNA-miRNA interactions. However, the process is costly and time-consuming, separate libraries need to be prepared and sequenced on different flowcells. Combo-Seq is a library prep kit that allows us to prepare combined mRNA-miRNA libraries starting from very low total RNA. To date, no dedicated bioinformatics method exists for the processing of Combo-Seq data. In this paper, we describe CODA (Combo-seq Data Analysis), a workflow specifically developed for the processing of Combo-Seq data that employs existing free-to-use tools. We compare CODA with exceRpt, the pipeline suggested by the kit manufacturer for this purpose. We also evaluate how Combo-Seq libraries analysed with CODA perform compared with conventional poly(A) and small RNA libraries prepared from the same samples. We show that using CODA more successfully trimmed reads are recovered compared with exceRpt, and the difference is more dramatic with short sequencing reads. We demonstrate how Combo-Seq identifies as many genes and fewer miRNAs compared to the standard libraries, and how miRNA validation favours conventional small RNA libraries over Combo-Seq. The CODA code is available at https://github.com/marta-nazzari/CODA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nazzari
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Duncan Hauser
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel van Herwijnen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mírian Romitti
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Molecular Human Biology (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel J Carvalho
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M Kip
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Caiment
- Corresponding author: Florian Caiment, Tel.: +31433881218; E-mail:
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9
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Romitti M, Tourneur A, de Faria da Fonseca B, Doumont G, Gillotay P, Liao XH, Eski SE, Van Simaeys G, Chomette L, Lasolle H, Monestier O, Kasprzyk DF, Detours V, Singh SP, Goldman S, Refetoff S, Costagliola S. Transplantable human thyroid organoids generated from embryonic stem cells to rescue hypothyroidism. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7057. [PMID: 36396935 PMCID: PMC9672394 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The thyroid gland captures iodide in order to synthesize hormones that act on almost all tissues and are essential for normal growth and metabolism. Low plasma levels of thyroid hormones lead to hypothyroidism, which is one of the most common disorder in humans and is not always satisfactorily treated by lifelong hormone replacement. Therefore, in addition to the lack of in vitro tractable models to study human thyroid development, differentiation and maturation, functional human thyroid organoids could pave the way to explore new therapeutic approaches. Here we report the generation of transplantable thyroid organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells capable of restoring plasma thyroid hormone in athyreotic mice as a proof of concept for future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mírian Romitti
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Adrien Tourneur
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Barbara de Faria da Fonseca
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gilles Doumont
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| | - Pierre Gillotay
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xiao-Hui Liao
- Departments of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sema Elif Eski
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gaetan Van Simaeys
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Érasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laura Chomette
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helene Lasolle
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Monestier
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominika Figini Kasprzyk
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Detours
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Goldman
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Érasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Refetoff
- Departments of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics and Committee on Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sabine Costagliola
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
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10
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TGF-β, to target or not to target; to prevent thyroid cancer progression? Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188752. [PMID: 35728736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a common endocrine cancer with a rising incidence. Current treatment fails to eliminate aggressive thyroid tumours, prompting an investigation into the processes that cause disease progression. In this review, we provide insight into TGF-β driven epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), summarizing the current literature surrounding thyroid carcinogenesis, and discuss the potential for therapeutic strategies targeting the TGF-β signalling pathway. Understanding the underlying mechanisms that regulate cancer stem cell (CSC) growth and TGF-β signalling may provide novel therapeutic approaches for highly resistant TCs.
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11
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Liang J, Qian J, Yang L, Chen X, Wang X, Lin X, Wang X, Zhao B. Modeling Human Thyroid Development by Fetal Tissue-Derived Organoid Culture. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105568. [PMID: 35064652 PMCID: PMC8948548 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Euthyroidism is of profound importance for lifetime health. However, the early diagnosis or therapeutics of thyroid developmental defects has not been established, mainly due to limited understanding of human thyroid development and a lack of recapitulating research model. Herein, the authors elaborate the cell atlas and potential regulatory signaling of the evolution of heterogeneous thyrocyte population from 12 to 16 gestational weeks. Moreover, they establish a long-term culture of human fetal thyroid organoids (hFTOs) system, which retains the fetal thyroid lineages and molecular signatures, as well as the ability to generate functional human thyroid follicles post mice renal transplantation. Notably, cAMP signaling activation in hFTOs by forskolin boosts the maturation of follicle and thus thyroid hormone T4 secretion, which recapitulates the key developmental events of fetal thyroid. Employing this ex vivo system, it is found that enhanced chromatin accessibility at thyroid maturation genes (such as TPO and TG) loci permits the transcription for hormone production. This study provides the cell atlas of and an organoid model for human thyroid development, which will facilitate thyroid research and prospective medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHuman Phenome InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
| | - Jun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHuman Phenome InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesShanghai200011China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and BiotechnologySouthern Medical UniversitySchool of Biology and Biological EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510000China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHuman Phenome InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesHuman Phenome InstituteZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200438China
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12
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Sox9 is involved in the thyroid differentiation program and is regulated by crosstalk between TSH, TGFβ and thyroid transcription factors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2144. [PMID: 35140269 PMCID: PMC8828901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While the signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in the differentiation of thyroid follicular cells, both in embryonic and adult life, are increasingly well understood, the underlying mechanisms and potential crosstalk between the thyroid transcription factors Nkx2.1, Foxe1 and Pax8 and inductive signals remain unclear. Here, we focused on the transcription factor Sox9, which is expressed in Nkx2.1-positive embryonic thyroid precursor cells and is maintained from embryonic development to adulthood, but its function and control are unknown. We show that two of the main signals regulating thyroid differentiation, TSH and TGFβ, modulate Sox9 expression. Specifically, TSH stimulates the cAMP/PKA pathway to transcriptionally upregulate Sox9 mRNA and protein expression, a mechanism that is mediated by the binding of CREB to a CRE site within the Sox9 promoter. Contrastingly, TGFβ signals through Smad proteins to inhibit TSH-induced Sox9 transcription. Our data also reveal that Sox9 transcription is regulated by the thyroid transcription factors, particularly Pax8. Interestingly, Sox9 significantly increased the transcriptional activation of Pax8 and Foxe1 promoters and, consequently, their expression, but had no effect on Nkx2.1. Our study establishes the involvement of Sox9 in thyroid follicular cell differentiation and broadens our understanding of transcription factor regulation of thyroid function.
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13
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Li L, Sheng Q, Zeng H, Li W, Wang Q, Ma G, Qiu M, Zhang W, Shan C. Engineering a functional thyroid as a potential therapeutic substitute for hypothyroidism treatment: A systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1065410. [PMID: 36531472 PMCID: PMC9755335 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1065410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is a common hormone deficiency disorder. Although hormone supplemental therapy can be easily performed by daily levothyroxine administration, a proportion of patients suffer from persisting complaints due to unbalanced hormone levels, leaving room for new therapeutic strategies, such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. METHODS Electronic searches of databases for studies of thyroid regeneration or thyroid organoids were performed. A systematic review including both in vitro and in vivo models of thyroid regenerative medicine was conducted. RESULTS Sixty-six independent studies published between 1959 and May 1st, 2022 were included in the current systematic review. Among these 66 studies, the most commonly involved species was human (19 studies), followed by mouse (18 studies), swine (14 studies), rat (13 studies), calf/bovine (4 studies), sheep/lamb (4 studies) and chick (1 study). In addition, in these experiments, the most frequently utilized tissue source was adult thyroid tissue (46 studies), followed by embryonic stem cells (ESCs)/pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) (10 studies), rat thyroid cell lines (7 studies), embryonic thyroid tissue (2 studies) and newborn or fetal thyroid tissue (2 studies). Sixty-three studies reported relevant thyroid follicular regeneration experiments in vitro, while 21 studies showed an in vivo experiment section that included transplanting engineered thyroid tissue into recipients. Together, 12 studies were carried out using 2D structures, while 50 studies constructed 3D structures. CONCLUSIONS Each aspect of thyroid regenerative medicine was comprehensively described in this review. The recovery of optimal hormonal equilibrium by the transplantation of an engineered functional thyroid holds great therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Zhang
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Chengxiang Shan,
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14
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Liang J, Li X, Dong Y, Zhao B. Modeling Human Organ Development and Diseases With Fetal Tissue-Derived Organoids. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221124481. [PMID: 36121224 PMCID: PMC9490458 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221124481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in human organoid technology have greatly facilitated the study of organ development and pathology. In most cases, these organoids are derived from either pluripotent stem cells or adult stem cells for the modeling of developmental events and tissue homeostasis. However, due to the lack of human fetal tissue references and research model, it is still challenging to capture early developmental changes and underlying mechanisms in human embryonic development. The establishment of fetal tissue–derived organoids in rigorous time points is necessary. Here we provide an overview of the strategies and applications of fetal tissue–derived organoids, mainly focusing on fetal organ development research, developmental defect disease modeling, and organ–organ interaction study. Discussion of the importance of fetal tissue research also highlights the prospects and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yateng Dong
- bioGenous Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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