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Hanna M, Elnassag SS, Mohamed DH, Elbaset MA, Shaker O, Khowailed EA, Gouda SAA. Melatonin and mesenchymal stem cells co-administration alleviates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via modulation of angiogenesis at the vascular-alveolar unit. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:1155-1168. [PMID: 38740599 PMCID: PMC11166745 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02968-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered a severe disease mitigating lung physiological functions with high mortality outcomes, insufficient therapy, and pathophysiology pathways which is still not fully understood. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow play an important role in improving the function of organs suffering inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune reaction. It might also play a role in regenerative medicine, but that is still questionable. Additionally, Melatonin with its known antioxidative and anti-inflammatory impact is attracting attention nowadays as a useful treatment. We hypothesized that Melatonin may augment the effect of MSCs at the level of angiogenesis in COPD. In our study, the COPD model was established using cigarette smoking and lipopolysaccharide. The COPD rats were divided into four groups: COPD group, Melatonin-treated group, MSC-treated group, and combined treated group (Melatonin-MSCs). We found that COPD was accompanied by deterioration of pulmonary function tests in response to expiratory parameter affection more than inspiratory ones. This was associated with increased Hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression and vascular endothelial growth factor level. Consequently, there was increased CD31 expression indicating increased angiogenesis with massive enlargement of airspaces and thinning of alveolar septa with decreased mean radial alveolar count, in addition to, inflammatory cell infiltration and disruption of the bronchiolar epithelial wall with loss of cilia and blood vessel wall thickening. These findings were improved significantly when Melatonin and bone marrow-derived MSCs were used as a combined treatment proving the hypothesized target that Melatonin might augment MSCs aiming at vascular changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Hanna
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, El-Maniel 11451, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sabreen Sayed Elnassag
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, El-Maniel 11451, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Hisham Mohamed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, El-Maniel 11451, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abd Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat Shaker
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, El-Maniel 11451, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Effat A Khowailed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, El-Maniel 11451, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah Ali Abdelhameed Gouda
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy, Cairo University, El-Maniel 11451, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Zheng S, Hu G, Zheng J, Li Y, Li J. Osthole accelerates osteoporotic fracture healing by inducing the osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 38873735 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Osthole, a natural coumarin derivative, has been shown to have multiple pharmacological activities. However, its effect on osteoporotic fracture has not yet been examined. This research was designed to explore the unknown role and potential mechanism of osthole on osteoporotic fracture healing. We first evaluated the osteogenic and angiogenic abilities of osthole. Then angiogenesis-related assays were conducted to investigate the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and further explore its molecular mechanism. After that, we established osteoporotic fracture model in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis rats and treated the rats with osthole or placebo. Radiography, histomorphometry, histology, and sequential fluorescent labeling were used to evaluate the effect of osthole on osteoporotic fracture healing. In vitro research revealed that osthole promoted osteogenesis and up-regulated the expression of angiogenic-related markers. Further research found that osthole couldn't facilitate the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a direct manner, but it possessed the ability to induce the osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Mechanistically, this was conducted through activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Subsequently, using ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis tibia fracture rat model, we observed that osthole facilitated bone formation and CD31hiEMCNhi type H-positive capillary formation. Sequential fluorescent labeling confirmed that osthole could effectively accelerate bone formation in the fractured region. The data above indicated that osthole could accelerate osteoporotic fracture healing by inducing the osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which implied that osthole may be a potential drug for treating osteoporosis fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanyu Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yikai Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Lv N, Hou M, Deng L, Hua X, Zhou X, Liu H, Zhu X, Xu Y, Qian Z, Li Q, Liu M, He F. A sponge-like nanofiber melatonin-loaded scaffold accelerates vascularized bone regeneration via improving mitochondrial energy metabolism. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101078. [PMID: 38765244 PMCID: PMC11101953 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrospun nanofibers have been widely employed in bone tissue engineering for their ability to mimic the micro to nanometer scale network of the native bone extracellular matrix. However, the dense fibrous structure and limited mechanical support of these nanofibers pose challenges for the treatment of critical size bone defects. In this study, we propose a facile approach for creating a three-dimensional scaffold using interconnected electrospun nanofibers containing melatonin (Scaffold@MT). The hypothesis posited that the sponge-like Scaffold@MT could potentially enhance bone regeneration and angiogenesis by modulating mitochondrial energy metabolism. Melatonin-loaded gelatin and poly-lactic-acid nanofibers were fabricated using electrospinning, then fragmented into shorter fibers. The sponge-like Scaffold@MT was created through a process involving homogenization, low-temperature lyophilization, and chemical cross-linking, while maintaining the microstructure of the continuous nanofibers. The incorporation of short nanofibers led to a low release of melatonin and increased Young's modulus of the scaffold. Scaffold@MT demonstrated positive biocompatibility by promoting a 14.2 % increase in cell proliferation. In comparison to the control group, Scaffold@MT significantly enhanced matrix mineralization by 3.2-fold and upregulated the gene expression of osteoblast-specific markers, thereby facilitating osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Significantly, Scaffold@MT led to a marked enhancement in the mitochondrial energy function of BMMSCs, evidenced by elevated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and protein expression of respiratory chain factors. Furthermore, Scaffold@MT promoted the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and increased tube formation by 1.3 times compared to the control group, accompanied by an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) expression. The results of in vivo experiments indicate that the implantation of Scaffold@MT significantly improved vascularized bone regeneration in a distal femur defect in rats. Micro-computed tomography analysis conducted 8 weeks post-surgery revealed that Scaffold@MT led to optimal development of new bone microarchitecture. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that Scaffold@MT facilitated bone matrix deposition and new blood vessel formation at the defect site. Overall, the utilization of melatonin-loaded nanofiber sponges exhibits significant promise as a scaffold that promotes bone growth and angiogenesis, making it a viable option for the repair of critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xinfeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Zhonglai Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lianyungang Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
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Bu P, Xie W, Wang S, Yang Z, Peng K, Zhang W, Hu S. EGFL6 activates the ERK signaling to improve angiogenesis and osteogenesis of BMSCs in patients with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4287-4298. [PMID: 38085290 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Recently, epidermal growth factor-like domain protein 6 (EGFL6) was proposed as a candidate gene for coupling angiogenesis to osteogenesis during bone repair; however, the exact role and underlying mechanism are largely unknown. Here, using immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses, we found that EGFL6 was downregulated in the femoral head tissue of patients with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) compared to patients with traumatic femoral neck fracture (FNF), accompanied by significantly downregulation of osteogenic and angiogenic marker genes. Then, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from the FNF and the SONFH patients, respectively, and after identification by immunofluorescence staining surface markers, the effect of EGFL6 on their abilities of osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis was evaluated. Our results of alizarin red staining and tubular formation experiment revealed that BMSCs from the SONFH patients (SONFH-BMSCs) displayed an obviously weaker ability of osteogenesis than FNF-BMSCs, and EGFL6 overexpression improved the abilities of osteogenic differentiation and angiogenesis of SONFH-BMSCs. Moreover, EGFL6 overexpression activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 reversed the promoting effect of EGFL6 overexpression on the expression of osteogenesis and angiogenesis-related genes in the SONFH femoral head. In conclusion, EGFL6 plays a protective role in SONFH, it promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis of BMSCs, and its effect is likely to be related to ERK1/2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Bu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Weipeng Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Kan Peng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Shouye Hu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Xi'an Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, China.
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Huang L, Song Z, Wang J, Bian M, Zou J, Zou Y, Ge J, Lu S. Absorbable calcium and phosphorus bioactive membranes promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation for bone regeneration. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220854. [PMID: 38633414 PMCID: PMC11022123 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Large segmental bone defects are commonly operated with autologous bone grafting, which has limited bone sources and poses additional surgical risks. In this study, we fabricated poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) composite membranes by electrostatic spinning and further promoted osteogenesis by regulating the release of β-TCP in the hope of replacing autologous bone grafts in the clinical practice. The addition of β-TCP improved the mechanical strength of PLGA by 2.55 times. Moreover, β-TCP could accelerate the degradation of PLGA and neutralize the negative effects of acidification of the microenvironment caused by PLGA degradation. In vitro experiments revealed that PLGA/TCP10 membranes are biocompatible and the released β-TCP can modulate the activity of osteoblasts by enhancing the calcium ions concentration in the damaged area and regulating the pH of the local microenvironment. Simultaneously, an increase in β-TCP can moderate the lactate content of the local microenvironment, synergistically enhancing osteogenesis by promoting the tube-forming effect of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Therefore, it is potential to utilize PLGA/TCP bioactive membranes to modulate the microenvironment at the site of bone defects to promote bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuorun Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai200233, China
| | - Mengxuan Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiapeng Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanpei Zou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Shunyi Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
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Zheng S, Hu GY, Li JH, Zheng J, Li YK. Icariin accelerates bone regeneration by inducing osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:769-782. [PMID: 38680705 PMCID: PMC11045423 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i4.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icariin (ICA), a natural flavonoid compound monomer, has multiple pharmacological activities. However, its effect on bone defect in the context of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been examined. AIM To explore the role and potential mechanism of ICA on bone defect in the context of T1DM. METHODS The effects of ICA on osteogenesis and angiogenesis were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Angiogenesis-related assays were conducted to investigate the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis. A bone defect model was established in T1DM rats. The model rats were then treated with ICA or placebo and micron-scale computed tomography, histomorphometry, histology, and sequential fluorescent labeling were used to evaluate the effect of ICA on bone formation in the defect area. RESULTS ICA promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. The ICA treated-BMSCs showed higher expression levels of osteogenesis-related markers (alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin) and angiogenesis-related markers (vascular endothelial growth factor A and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) compared to the untreated group. ICA was also found to induce osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs. In the bone defect model T1DM rats, ICA facilitated bone formation and CD31hiEMCNhi type H-positive capillary formation. Lastly, ICA effectively accelerated the rate of bone formation in the defect area. CONCLUSION ICA was able to accelerate bone regeneration in a T1DM rat model by inducing osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guan-Yu Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Hua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yi-Kai Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
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Deng L, Hou M, Lv N, Zhou Q, Hua X, Hu X, Ge X, Zhu X, Xu Y, Yang H, Chen X, Liu H, He F. Melatonin-encapsuled silk fibroin electrospun nanofibers promote vascularized bone regeneration through regulation of osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100985. [PMID: 38333049 PMCID: PMC10850961 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The repair of critical-sized bone defects poses a significant challenge due to the absence of periosteum, which plays a crucial role in coordinating the processes of osteogenesis and vascularization during bone healing. Herein, we hypothesized that melatonin-encapsuled silk Fibronin electrospun nanofibers (SF@MT) could provide intrinsic induction of both osteogenesis and angiogenesis, thereby promoting vascularized bone regeneration. The sustained release of melatonin from the SF@MT nanofibers resulted in favorable biocompatibility and superior osteogenic induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Interestingly, melatonin promoted the migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a BMMSC-dependent manner, potentially through the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) expression in SF@MT-cultured BMMSCs. SF@MT nanofibers enhanced the BMMSC-mediated angiogenesis by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In vivo experiments indicated that the implantation of SF@MT nanofibers into rat critical-sized calvarial defects significantly enhances the production of bone matrix and the development of new blood vessels, leading to an accelerated process of vascularized bone regeneration. Consequently, the utilization of melatonin-encapsulated silk Fibronin electrospun nanofibers shows great promise as a potential solution for artificial periosteum, with the potential to regulate the coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in critical-sized bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Nanning Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, 222003, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xiayu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
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8
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Choukroun E, Parnot M, Surmenian J, Gruber R, Cohen N, Davido N, Simonpieri A, Savoldelli C, Afota F, El Mjabber H, Choukroun J. Bone Formation and Maintenance in Oral Surgery: The Decisive Role of the Immune System-A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Solutions. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:191. [PMID: 38391677 PMCID: PMC10886049 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on the evidence of a significant communication and connection pathway between the bone and immune systems, a new science has emerged: osteoimmunology. Indeed, the immune system has a considerable impact on bone health and diseases, as well as on bone formation during grafts and its stability over time. Chronic inflammation induces the excessive production of oxidants. An imbalance between the levels of oxidants and antioxidants is called oxidative stress. This physio-pathological state causes both molecular and cellular damage, which leads to DNA alterations, genetic mutations and cell apoptosis, and thus, impaired immunity followed by delayed or compromised wound healing. Oxidative stress levels experienced by the body affect bone regeneration and maintenance around teeth and dental implants. As the immune system and bone remodeling are interconnected, bone loss is a consequence of immune dysregulation. Therefore, oral tissue deficiencies such as periodontitis and peri-implantitis should be regarded as immune diseases. Bone management strategies should include both biological and surgical solutions. These protocols tend to improve immunity through antioxidant production to enhance bone formation and prevent bone loss. This narrative review aims to highlight the relationship between inflammation, oxidation, immunity and bone health in the oral cavity. It intends to help clinicians to detect high-risk situations in oral surgery and to propose biological and clinical solutions that will enhance patients' immune responses and surgical treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Franck Afota
- Private Practice, 06000 Nice, France
- Head and Neck Institute, CHU, 06000 Nice, France
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9
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Ge X, Wang C, Yang G, Maimaiti D, Hou M, Liu H, Yang H, Chen X, Xu Y, He F. Enhancement of mitochondrial energy metabolism by melatonin promotes vascularized skeletal muscle regeneration in a volumetric muscle loss model. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:146-157. [PMID: 38008130 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a condition that results in the extensive loss of 20 % or more of skeletal muscle due to trauma or tumor ablation, leading to severe functional impairment and permanent disability. The current surgical interventions have limited functional regeneration of skeletal muscle due to the compromised self-repair mechanism. Melatonin has been reported to protect skeletal muscle from exercise-induced oxidative damage and holds great potential to treat muscle diseases. In this study, we hypothesize that melatonin can enhance myoblast differentiation and promote effective recovery of skeletal muscle following VML. In vitro administration of melatonin resulted in a significant enhancement of myogenesis in C2C12 myoblast cells, as evidenced by the up-regulation of myogenic marker genes in a dose-dependent manner. Further experiments revealed that silent information of regulator type 3 (SIRT3) played a critical role in the melatonin-enhanced myoblast differentiation through enhancement of mitochondrial energy metabolism and activation of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Silencing of Sirt3 completely abrogated the protective effect of melatonin on the mitochondrial function of myoblasts, evidenced by the increased reactive oxygen species, decreased adenosine triphosphate production, and down-regulated myoblast-specific marker gene expression. In order to attain a protracted and consistent release, liposome-encapsuled melatonin was integrated into gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel (GelMA-Lipo@MT). The implantation of GelMA-Lipo@MT into a tibialis anterior muscle defect in a VML model effectively stimulated the formation of myofibers and new blood vessels in situ, while concurrently inhibiting fibrotic collagen deposition. The findings of this study indicate that the incorporation of melatonin with GelMA hydrogel has facilitated the de novo vascularized skeletal muscle regeneration by augmenting mitochondrial energy metabolism. This represents a promising approach for the development of skeletal muscle tissue engineering, which could be utilized for the treatment of VML and other severe muscle injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Chengyue Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Dimulati Maimaiti
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China; School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
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Gu C, Zhou Q, Hu X, Ge X, Hou M, Wang W, Liu H, Shi Q, Xu Y, Zhu X, Yang H, Chen X, Liu T, He F. Melatonin rescues the mitochondrial function of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and improves the repair of osteoporotic bone defect in ovariectomized rats. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12924. [PMID: 37941528 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporotic bone defects, a severe complication of osteoporosis, are distinguished by a delayed bone healing process and poor repair quality. While bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are the primary origin of bone-forming osteoblasts, their mitochondrial function is impaired, leading to inadequate bone regeneration in osteoporotic patients. Melatonin is well-known for its antioxidant properties and regulation on bone metabolism. The present study postulated that melatonin has the potential to enhance the repair of osteoporotic bone defects by restoring the mitochondrial function of BMMSCs. In vitro administration of melatonin at varying concentrations (0.01, 1, and 100 μM) demonstrated a significant dose-dependent improvement in the mitochondrial function of BMMSCs obtained from ovariectomized rats (OVX-BMMSCs), as indicated by an elevation in mitochondrial membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate synthesis and expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain factors. Melatonin reduced the level of mitochondrial superoxide by activating the silent information regulator type 1 (SIRT1) and its downstream antioxidant enzymes, particularly superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). The protective effects of melatonin were found to be nullified upon silencing of Sirt1 or Sod2, underscoring the crucial role of the SIRT1-SOD2 axis in the melatonin-induced enhancement of mitochondrial energy metabolism in OVX-BMMSCs. To achieve a sustained and localized release of melatonin, silk fibroin scaffolds loaded with melatonin (SF@MT) were fabricated. The study involved the surgical creation of bilateral femur defects in OVX rats, followed by the implantation of SF@MT scaffolds. The results indicated that the application of melatonin partially restored the mitochondrial energy metabolism and osteogenic differentiation of OVX-BMMSCs by reinstating mitochondrial redox homeostasis. These findings suggest that the localized administration of melatonin through bone implants holds potential as a therapeutic approach for addressing osteoporotic bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiayu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Orthopaedic Institute, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Chen Q, Yang Z, Sun X, Long R, Shen J, Wang Z. Inokosterone activates the BMP2 to promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and improve bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:349-358. [PMID: 37839103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that enhancing the osteogenic ability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may be beneficial in the fight against osteoporosis (OP) effects. Inokosterone (IS) is a major active constituent of Achyranthis bidentatae radix (ABR), which stimulates osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic osteoblasts. This study aims to investigate effect of IS on OP using osteogenic differentiated BMSCs and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced OP rats. The BMSCs were treated with 50, 100, or 200 mg/L IS and OP rats were given 2 or 4 mg/kg of IS by gavage. Cell viability, the osteogenic differentiation marker protein expression level, and mineralization were observed. This study proved that IS improved cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and cellular mineralization in BMSCs and raised expression levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), Smad1, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), collagen I, ALP, and OCN. By BMP2 knockdown/overexpression, this study also proved the BMP2 signaling pathway activation is a potential biological mechanism of IS to improve osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in osteogenic differentiated BMSCs. In OVX-induced OP rats, IS was observed to antagonize bone loss, improve osteogenic differentiation marker protein expression levels, and activate BMP-2, smad1, and RUNX2. These findings provide scientific support for further investigation of the biological mechanisms of IS in ameliorating OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311200, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311200, China
| | - Xiangyi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311200, China
| | - Ruchao Long
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311200, China
| | - Jianwei Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311200, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311200, China.
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Jiang T, Zeng Q, He J. Do alkaline phosphatases have great potential in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of tumors? Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:2932-2945. [PMID: 37969388 PMCID: PMC10643954 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a group of enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of phosphate esters at an alkaline pH, resulting in the generation of inorganic phosphate. These enzymes are widely distributed, and their activity is found in various tissues including bone, liver, intestine, and placenta. However, abnormalities in ALP expression and activity have been observed in certain types of cancer. In some cases, elevated serum levels of ALP are observed in patients with liver and bone metastasis. In other cases, increased levels of ALP have been observed in patients with pancreatic and lung cancer. On the other hand, low expression of ALP has also been associated with poor prognosis in patients with certain types of tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC), breast cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In these cases, low ALP activity may be associated with decreased differentiation of cancer cells and increased cancer cell proliferation. Overall, the role of ALP in cancer is complex and context-dependent. This article reviews application progress of ALP in cancer, and we hypothesize that ALP might be a potential tumor biomarker, combined detection of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ALP isozymes levels can be used for more accurate diagnosis of a particular tumor. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying ALP dysregulation in cancer and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Qun Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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13
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Bagherifard A, Hosseinzadeh A, Koosha F, Sheibani M, Karimi-Behnagh A, Reiter RJ, Mehrzadi S. Melatonin and bone-related diseases: an updated mechanistic overview of current evidence and future prospects. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1677-1701. [PMID: 37393580 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone diseases account for an enormous cost burden on health systems. Bone disorders are considered as age-dependent diseases. The aging of world population has encouraged scientists to further explore the most effective preventive modalities and therapeutic strategies to overcome and reduce the high cost of bone disorders. Herein, we review the current evidence of melatonin's therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases. METHODS This review summarized evidences from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies regarding the effects of melatonin on bone-related diseases, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms. Electronically, Scopus and MEDLINE®/PubMed databases were searched for articles published on melatonin and bone-related diseases from inception to June 2023. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that melatonin has beneficial effect in bone- and cartilage-related disorders such as osteoporosis, bone fracture healing, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, in addition to the control of sleep and circadian rhythms. CONCLUSION A number of animal and clinical studies have indicated that various biological effects of melatonin may suggest this molecule as an effective therapeutic agent for controlling, diminishing, or suppressing bone-related disorders. Therefore, further clinical studies are required to clarify whether melatonin can be effective in patients with bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bagherifard
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Skubis-Sikora A, Sikora B, Małysiak W, Wieczorek P, Czekaj P. Regulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Activity by Melatonin Receptors in Terms of Viability and Osteogenic Differentiation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1236. [PMID: 37765045 PMCID: PMC10535461 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone secreted mainly by the pineal gland and acts through the Mel1A and Mel1B receptors. Among other actions, melatonin significantly increases osteogenesis during bone regeneration. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are also known to have the potential to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells; however, inefficient culturing due to the loss of properties over time or low cell survival rates on scaffolds is a limitation. Improving the process of ADSC expansion in vitro is crucial for its further successful use in bone regeneration. This study aimed to assess the effect of melatonin on ADSC characteristics, including osteogenicity. We assessed ADSC viability at different melatonin concentrations as well as the effect on its receptor inhibitors (luzindole or 4-P-PDOT). Moreover, we analyzed the ADSC phenotype, apoptosis, cell cycle, and expression of MTNR1A and MTNR1B receptors, and its potential for osteogenic differentiation. We found that ADSCs treated with melatonin at a concentration of 100 µM had a higher viability compared to those treated at higher melatonin concentrations. Melatonin did not change the phenotype of ADSCs or induce apoptosis and it promoted the activity of some osteogenesis-related genes. We concluded that melatonin is safe, non-toxic to normal ADSCs in vitro, and can be used in regenerative medicine at low doses (100 μM) to improve cell viability without negatively affecting the osteogenic potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Skubis-Sikora
- Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Markowska M, Niemczyk S, Romejko K. Melatonin Treatment in Kidney Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060838. [PMID: 36980179 PMCID: PMC10047594 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone that is mainly secreted by the pineal gland. It coordinates the work of the superior biological clock and consequently affects many processes in the human body. Disorders of the waking and sleeping period result in nervous system imbalance and generate metabolic and endocrine derangements. The purpose of this review is to provide information regarding the potential benefits of melatonin use, particularly in kidney diseases. The impact on the cardiovascular system, diabetes, and homeostasis causes melatonin to be indirectly connected to kidney function and quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, there are numerous reports showing that melatonin plays a role as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, and cytoprotective agent. This means that the supplementation of melatonin can be helpful in almost every type of kidney injury because inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress occur, regardless of the mechanism. The administration of melatonin has a renoprotective effect and inhibits the progression of complications connected to renal failure. It is very important that exogenous melatonin supplementation is well tolerated and that the number of side effects caused by this type of treatment is low.
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Ahmadi A, Mazloomnejad R, Kasravi M, Gholamine B, Bahrami S, Sarzaeem MM, Niknejad H. Recent advances on small molecules in osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and the underlying signaling pathways. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:518. [PMID: 36371202 PMCID: PMC9652959 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in elderly people and the current treatments result in insufficient healing and several complications. One of the promising areas of research for healing bone fractures and skeletal defects is regenerative medicine using stem cells. Differentiating stem cells using agents that shift cell development towards the preferred lineage requires activation of certain intracellular signaling pathways, many of which are known to induce osteogenesis during embryological stages. Imitating embryological bone formation through activation of these signaling pathways has been the focus of many osteogenic studies. Activation of osteogenic signaling can be done by using small molecules. Several of these agents, e.g., statins, metformin, adenosine, and dexamethasone have other clinical uses but have also shown osteogenic capacities. On the other hand, some other molecules such as T63 and tetrahydroquinolines are not as well recognized in the clinic. Osteogenic small molecules exert their effects through the activation of signaling pathways known to be related to osteogenesis. These pathways include more well-known pathways including BMP/Smad, Wnt, and Hedgehog as well as ancillary pathways including estrogen signaling and neuropeptide signaling. In this paper, we review the recent data on small molecule-mediated osteogenic differentiation, possible adjunctive agents with these molecules, and the signaling pathways through which each small molecule exerts its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Radman Mazloomnejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kasravi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Gholamine
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheyl Bahrami
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Sarzaeem
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran.
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Malakoti F, Zare F, Zarezadeh R, Raei Sadigh A, Sadeghpour A, Majidinia M, Yousefi B, Alemi F. The role of melatonin in bone regeneration: A review of involved signaling pathways. Biochimie 2022; 202:56-70. [PMID: 36007758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasing bone resorption followed by decreasing bone mineralization are hallmarks of bone degeneration, which mostly occurs in the elderly population and post-menopausal women. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has raised many promises in the field of bone regeneration due to their high osteoblastic differentiation capacity and easy availability from abundant sources. A variety of compounds, including growth factors, cytokines, and other internal factors, have been combined with MSCs to increase their osteoblastic differentiation capacity. One of these factors is melatonin, whose possible regulatory role in bone metabolism and formation has recently been suggested by many studies. Melatonin also is a potential signaling molecule and can affect many of the signaling pathways involved in MSCs osteoblastic differentiation, such as activation of PI3K/AKT, BMP/Smad, MAPK, NFkB, Nrf2/HO-1, Wnt, SIRT/SOD, PERK/ATF4. Furthermore, melatonin in combination with other components such as strontium, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2 has a synergistic effect on bone microstructure and improves bone mineral density (BMD). In this review article, we aim to summarize the regulatory mechanisms of melatonin in osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs and underling involved signaling pathways as well as the clinical potential of using melatonin in bone degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farshad Zare
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Zarezadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aydin Raei Sadigh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghpour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine and Shohada Educational Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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18
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Wu L, Su C, Yang C, Liu J, Ye Y. TBX3 regulates the transcription of VEGFA to promote osteoblasts proliferation and microvascular regeneration. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13722. [PMID: 35846885 PMCID: PMC9281600 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteochondral decellularization can promote local vascular regeneration, but the exact mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study is to study osteogenic microvascular regeneration in single cells. Methods The scRNA-seq dataset of human periosteal-derived cells (hPDCs) were analyzed by pySCENIC. To examine the role of TBX3 in osteogenesis and vascularization, cell transfection, qRT-PCR, western blot, and CCK-8 cell proliferation assays were performed. Results TCF7L2, TBX3, FLI1, NFKB2, and EZH2 were found to be transcription factors (TFs) most closely associated with corresponding cells. The regulatory network of these TFs was then visualized. Our study knocked down the expression of TBX3 in human osteoblast cell lines. In the TBX3 knockdown group, we observed decreased expression of VEGFA, VEGFB, and VEGFC. Moreover, Western blot analysis showed that downregulating TBX3 resulted in a reduction of VEGFA expression. And TBX3 stimulated osteoblast proliferation in CCK-8 assays. Conclusion TBX3 regulates VEGFA expression and promotes osteoblast proliferation in skeletal microvasculature formation. The findings provide a theoretical basis for investigating the role of TBX3 in promoting local vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuang Wu
- Department of Trauma/Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenxian Su
- Department of Trauma/Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuanhua Yang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Shanghai ninth people’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiheng Ye
- Department of Trauma/Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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