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Chen Z, Li X, Shi H, Huang Y, Liu J. Causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and bronchiectasis: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:104. [PMID: 38783321 PMCID: PMC11112812 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03336-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological observational studies have elucidated a correlation between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and bronchiectasis. However, the causal nature of this association remains ambiguous. To clarify this potential causal linkage, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the bidirectional causality between RA and bronchiectasis. METHODS Summary statistics for RA and bronchiectasis were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS database We employed various methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode, to explore potential causal links between RA and bronchiectasis. Additionally, a series of sensitivity studies, such as Cochran's Q test, MR Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to assess the MR analysis's accuracy further. RESULTS In the forward MR analysis, the primary analysis indicated that a genetic predisposition to RA correlated with an increased risk of bronchiectasis in European populations (IVW odds ratio (OR): 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-1.37, p = 1.18E-13). Comparable results were noted in the East Asian subjects (IVW OR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.30-1.34, p = 8.33E-07). The OR estimates from the other four methods were consistent with those obtained from the IVW method. Sensitivity analysis detected no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Conversely, in the reverse MR analysis, we found no evidence to support a genetic causality between bronchiectasis and RA in either European or East Asian populations. CONCLUSION This study indicates that genetic predisposition to RA correlates with a heightened risk of bronchiectasis in both European and East Asian populations. These results imply that routine screening for bronchiectasis in RA patients could be beneficial, and effective management of RA may contribute to a reduced risk of bronchiectasis. Future research should aim to clarify the underlying mechanisms linking these two conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehu Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xuegang Li
- Department of Rheumatology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Honglei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiying Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
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Shi R, Wu Y, Chen H, Zhang Z, Bao S, Qu J, Zhou M. The causal effect of oxidative stress on the risk of glaucoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24852. [PMID: 38317903 PMCID: PMC10838757 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a complex multifactorial disease. Oxidative stress has been implicated in its pathogenesis. However, establishing a causal relationship between oxidative stress and glaucoma is challenging due to confounding and reverse causality. In this study, we performed bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses based on genetic instrumental variables as proxies for 11 biomarkers of oxidative stress injury to investigate the causal relationship between oxidative stress and glaucoma. Eight significant associations were identified. Increased circulating levels of catalase (OR = 0.915, 95 % CI: 0.848-0.987, P = 0.022), retinol (OR = 0.481, 95 % CI: 0.248-0.932, P = 0.044) and superoxide dismutase (OR = 0.779, 95 % CI: 0. 616-0.986, P = 0.038) are associated with a decreased risk of glaucoma, whereas an increased myeloperoxidase level (OR = 2.145, 95 % CI: 1.119-4.111, P = 0.029) is associated with an increased risk of glaucoma. Glaucoma was causally associated with lower levels of total bilirubin (OR = 0.961, 95 % CI: 0.927-0.997, P = 0.039), glutathione peroxidase (OR = 0. 934, 95 % CI: 0.890-0.981, P = 0.006), paraoxonase (OR = 0.883, 95 % CI: 0.810-0.963, P = 0.005) and albumin (OR = 0.988, 95 % CI: 0.978-0.998, P = 0.014). The bidirectional MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between oxidative stress and glaucoma. These findings provide a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms of glaucomatous neurodegeneration and imply a potential therapeutic approach for glaucoma through targeting oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, 571437, China
| | - Yaxuan Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, 571437, China
| | - He Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, 571437, China
| | - Zicheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, 571437, China
| | - Siqi Bao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, 571437, China
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, 571437, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
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Su Y, Xu Y, Hu Y, Chang Y, Wu F, Yang M, Peng Y. Late age at first birth is a protective factor for oesophageal cancer and gastro-oesophageal reflux: the evidence from the genetic study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1329763. [PMID: 38288469 PMCID: PMC10823002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1329763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The primary objective of this research endeavor was to examine the underlying genetic causality between the age at first birth (AFB) and four prevalent esophageal diseases, namely oesophageal obstruction (OO), oesophageal varices (OV), gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR), and oesophageal cancer (OC). Methods We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal association between AFB and four prevalent esophageal disorders. We employed eight distinct MR analysis techniques to evaluate causal relationships, encompassing random-effects inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, maximum likelihood, penalized weighted median, and fixed-effects IVW. The random-effects IVW method served as the primary approach for our analysis. Furthermore, we executed several sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the genetic causal inferences. Results The random-effects IVW analysis revealed a significant negative genetic causal association between AFB and both GOR (P < 0.001, Odds Ratio [OR] 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.882 [0.828-0.940]) and OC (P < 0.001, OR 95% CI = 0.998 [0.998-0.999]). Conversely, there was insufficient evidence support to substantiate a genetic causal link between AFB and OO (P = 0.399, OR 95% CI = 0.873 [0.637-1.197]) or OV (P = 0.881, OR 95% CI = 0.978 [0.727-1.314]). The results of sensitivity analyses underscore the robustness and reliability of our MR analysis. Conclusion The findings of this investigation substantiate the notion that elevated AFB confers a protective effect against GOR and OC. In addition, no causative association was discerned between AFB and OO or OV at the genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yiwei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yan’an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an, China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yan’an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an, China
| | - Fangcai Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mingyi Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhui Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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