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Silva WJ, Cruz A, Duque G. MicroRNAs and their Modulatory Effect on the Hallmarks of Osteosarcopenia. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024:10.1007/s11914-024-00880-4. [PMID: 39162945 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00880-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Osteosarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome associated with disability and mortality. This review summarizes the key microRNAs that regulate the hallmarks of sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Our objective was to identify components similarly regulated in the pathology and have therapeutic potential by influencing crucial cellular processes in both bone and skeletal muscle. RECENT FINDINGS The simultaneous decline in bone and muscle in osteosarcopenia involves a complex crosstalk between these tissues. Recent studies have uncovered several key mechanisms underlying this condition, including the disruption of cellular signaling pathways that regulate bone remodeling and muscle function and regeneration. Accordingly, emerging evidence reveals that dysregulation of microRNAs plays a significant role in the development of each of these hallmarks of osteosarcopenia. Although the recent recognition of osteosarcopenia as a single diagnosis of bone and muscle deterioration has provided new insights into the mechanisms of these underlying age-related diseases, several knowledge gaps have emerged, and a deeper understanding of the role of common microRNAs is still required. In this study, we summarize current evidence on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteosarcopenia and identify potential microRNA targets for treating this condition. Among these, microRNAs-29b and -128 are upregulated in the disease and exert adverse effects by inhibiting IGF-1 and SIRT1, making them potential targets for developing inhibitors of their activity. MicroRNA-21 is closely associated with the occurrence of muscle and bone loss. Conversely, microRNA-199b is downregulated in the disease, and its reduced activity may be related to increased myostatin and GSK3β activity, presenting it as a target for developing analogues that restore its function. Finally, microRNA-672 stands out for its ability to protect skeletal muscle and bone when expressed in the disease, highlighting its potential as a possible therapy for osteosarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Silva
- Department of Research and Development, Mirscience Therapeutics, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Cruz
- Department of Research and Development, Mirscience Therapeutics, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Bone, Muscle & Geroscience Group. Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Dr. Joseph Kaufmann Chair in Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Zhao Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Liang M, Li R, Song Y, Wang Y. Mir-381-3p aggravates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting osteogenic differentiation through targeting KLF5/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:480. [PMID: 39152444 PMCID: PMC11330013 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows the pivotal significance of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. miR-381-3p has been identified as an inhibitor of osteogenesis. This study explored the role and mechanism of miR-381-3p in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP), the most common type of osteoporosis. METHODS Bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) rat model was established and miR-381-3p antagomir was administrated through the tail vein in vivo. The pathological changes in rats were assessed through the evaluation of serum bone turnover markers (BALP, PINP, and CTX-1), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, as well as the expression of osteoblast differentiation biomarkers. Moreover, isolated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from OVX-induced rats (OVX-BMMSCs) were utilized to explore the impact of miR-381-3p on osteoblast differentiation. In addition, the target gene and downstream pathway of miR-381-3p were further investigated both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS miR-381-3p expression was elevated, whereas KLF5 was suppressed in OVX rats. miR-381-3p antagomir decreased serum levels of bone turnover markers, improved trabecular separation, promoted osteoblast differentiation biomarker expression in OVX rats. ALP activity and mineralization were suppressed, and levels of osteoblast differentiation biomarkers were impeded after miR-381-3p overexpression during osteoblast differentiation of OVX-BMMSCs. While contrasting results were found after inhibition of miR-381-3p. miR-381-3p targets KLF5, negatively affecting its expression as well as its downstream Wnt/β-catenin pathway, both in vivo and in vitro. Silencing of KLF5 restored Wnt/β-catenin activation induced by miR-381-3p antagomir. CONCLUSION miR-381-3p aggravates PMOP by inhibiting osteogenic differentiation through targeting KLF5/Wnt/β-catenin pathway. miR-381-3p appears to be a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China
| | - Jingsong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
- Spinal Surgery Department, BinZhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Yindong Song
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
- The LiWan Central Hospital of Guang Zhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.23, Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China.
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Zhang J, Mao Y, Rao J. The SPI1/SMAD5 cascade in the promoting effect of icariin on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells: a mechanism study. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:444. [PMID: 39075522 PMCID: PMC11285181 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of osteogenic differentiation is a crucial event during osteoporosis. The bioactive phytochemical icariin has become an anti-osteoporosis candidate. Here, we elucidated the mechanisms underlying the promoting function of icariin in osteogenic differentiation. METHODS Murine pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were stimulated with dexamethasone (DEX) to induce osteogenic differentiation, which was evaluated by an Alizarin Red staining assay and ALP activity measurement. The mRNA amounts of SPI1 and SMAD5 were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Expression analysis of proteins, including osteogenic markers (OPN, OCN and RUNX2) and autophagy-associated proteins (LC3, Beclin-1, and ATG5), was performed by immunoblotting. The binding of SPI1 and the SMAD5 promoter was predicted by the Jaspar2024 algorithm and confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments. The regulation of SPI1 in SMAD5 was examined by luciferase assays. RESULTS During osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, SPI1 and SMAD5 were upregulated. Functionally, SPI1 overexpression enhanced autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, while SMAD5 downregulation exhibited opposite effects. Mechanistically, SPI1 could enhance SMAD5 transcription and expression. Downregulation of SMAD5 also reversed SPI1 overexpression-induced autophagy and osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. In MC3T3-E1 cells under DEX stimulation, icariin increased SMAD5 expression by upregulating SPI1. Furthermore, icariin could attenuate SPI1 depletion-imposed inhibition of autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that the SPI1/SMAD5 cascade, with the ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation, underlies the promoting effect of icariin on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No.100 Minjiang Avenue, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Yi Mao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, No.100 Minjiang Avenue, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Rao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Jiangshan, Quzhou, 324100, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Arya PN, Saranya I, Selvamurugan N. RUNX2 regulation in osteoblast differentiation: A possible therapeutic function of the lncRNA and miRNA-mediated network. Differentiation 2024:100803. [PMID: 39089986 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2024.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Osteogenic differentiation is a crucial process in the formation of the skeleton and the remodeling of bones. It relies on a complex system of signaling pathways and transcription factors, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) control the bone-specific transcription factor RUNX2 through post-transcriptional mechanisms to regulate osteogenic differentiation. The most research has focused on microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) in studying how they regulate RUNX2 for osteogenesis in both normal and pathological situations. This article provides a concise overview of the recent advancements in understanding the critical roles of lncRNA/miRNA/axes in controlling the expression of RUNX2 during bone formation. The possible application of miRNAs and lncRNAs as therapeutic agents for the treatment of disorders involving the bones and bones itself is also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakkath Narayanan Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Iyyappan Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Shen Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Jiang B, Jiang X, Luo B. MicroRNA-877-5p promotes osteoblast differentiation by targeting EIF4G2 expression. J Orthop Surg Res 2024; 19:134. [PMID: 38342889 PMCID: PMC10860299 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimulating bone formation potentially suggests therapeutics for orthopedic diseases including osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Osteoblasts are key to bone remodeling because they act as the only bone-forming cells. miR-877-5p has a chondrocyte-improving function in osteoarthritis, but its effect on osteoblast differentiation is unknown. Here, miR-877-5p-mediated osteoblast differentiation was studied. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure miR-877-5p expression during the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Osteoblast markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type I a1 chain, and osteopontin, were measured and detected by alizarin red staining and ALP staining. Potential targets of miR-877-5p were predicted from three different algorithms: starBase ( http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/ ), PITA ( http://genie.weizmann.ac.il/pubs/mir07/mir07_data.html ), and miRanda ( http://www.microrna.org/microrna/home.do ). It was further verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The experimental results found that miR-877-5p was upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Overexpression of miR-877-5p promoted osteogenic differentiation, which was characterized by increased cell mineralization, ALP activity, and osteogenesis-related gene expression. Knockdown of miR-877-5p produced the opposite result. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-877-5p directly targeted eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4γ2 (EIF4G2). Overexpression of EIF4G2 inhibited osteogenic differentiation and reversed the promoting effect of overexpression of miR-135-5p on osteogenic differentiation. These results indicate that miR-877-5p might have a therapeutic application related to its promotion of bone formation through targeting EIF4G2.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingChao Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Huanghe Road, ChangShu City, 215500, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu City, 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Huanghe Road, ChangShu City, 215500, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Province, No. 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou City, 215004, China.
| | - XiaoWei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Huanghe Road, ChangShu City, 215500, China.
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Huanghe Road, ChangShu City, 215500, China
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