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Tadeo E, Rull J. Hybridization, Behavioral Patterns, and Pre- and Postzygotic Isolation Between Two Recently Derived Species of Walnut-Infesting Rhagoletis Fruit Flies in the Highlands of Mexico. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:505-514. [PMID: 33765250 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Episodes of isolation and secondary contact among populations of insects of Nearctic origin during Pleistocene glacial/postglacial climatic cycles had a strong evolutionary influence on the diversity of flies in the genus Rhagoletis in mountainous areas of Mexico. As a series of experiments undertaken to gather support for phylogenetic hypotheses on the origin of three walnut-infesting species in the suavis group, we examined pre- and postzygotic isolation between Rhagoletis completa Cresson, 1929 and R. ramosae Hernández-Ortiz, 1985. Despite morphological, biological, and behavioral differences, these two species were found to be capable of hybridization. Mating experiments in large enclosures revealed asymmetric sexual isolation. There were notable differences in male sexual behavior. While R. ramosae males mated exclusively on host fruit, R. completa males used fruit and alternative mating locations. During fruit-guarding and male-male contests, R. completa and R. ramosae males adopted markedly different wing postures. R. completa females were more reluctant to copulate with heterospecific males than R. ramosae females. During no choice crosses in small enclosures, there was a reduction of egg hatch for the hybrid cross of R. completa males × R. ramosae females. Our results and previous studies on reproductive isolation between other species pairs in the suavis group support a clade in which R. ramosae, R. zoqui Bush, 1966, and R. completa are close relatives all still capable of hybridizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Tadeo
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Juan Rull
- LIEMEN-División Control Biológico de Plagas, PROIMI Biotecnología-CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Leal-Sáenz A, Waring KM, Menon M, Cushman SA, Eckert A, Flores-Rentería L, Hernández-Díaz JC, López-Sánchez CA, Martínez-Guerrero JH, Wehenkel C. Morphological Differences in Pinus strobiformis Across Latitudinal and Elevational Gradients. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:559697. [PMID: 33193485 PMCID: PMC7642095 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.559697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The phenotype of trees is determined by the relationships and interactions among genetic and environmental influences. Understanding the patterns and processes that are responsible for phenotypic variation is facilitated by studying the relationships between phenotype and the environment among many individuals across broad ecological and climatic gradients. We used Pinus strobiformis, which has a wide latitudinal distribution, as a model species to: (a) estimate the relative importance of different environmental factors in predicting these morphological traits and (b) characterize the spatial patterns of standing phenotypic variation of cone and seed traits across the species' range. A large portion of the total variation in morphological characteristics was explained by ecological, climatic and geographical variables (54.7% collectively). The three climate, vegetation and geographical variable groups, each had similar total ability to explain morphological variation (43.4%, 43.8%, 51.5%, respectively), while the topographical variable group had somewhat lower total explanatory power (36.9%). The largest component of explained variance (33.6%) was the four-way interaction of all variable sets, suggesting that there is strong covariation in environmental, climate and geographical variables in their relationship to morphological traits of southwest white pine across its range. The regression results showed that populations in more humid and warmer climates expressed greater cone length and seed size. This may in part facilitate populations of P. strobiformis in warmer and wetter portions of its range growing in dense, shady forest stands, because larger seeds provide greater resources to germinants at the time of germination. Our models provide accurate predictions of morphological traits and important insights regarding the factors that contribute to their expression. Our results indicate that managers should be conservative during reforestation efforts to ensure match between ecotypic variation in seed source populations. However, we also note that given projected large range shift due to climate change, managers will have to balance the match between current ecotypic variation and expected range shift and changes in local adaptive optima under future climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Leal-Sáenz
- Programa Institucional de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | - Kristen M. Waring
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | - Mitra Menon
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Andrew Eckert
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | | | - José Ciro Hernández-Díaz
- Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
| | - Carlos Antonio López-Sánchez
- Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, Mieres Polytechnic School, University of Oviedo, Campus Universitario de Mieres, C/Gonzalo Gutiérrez Quirós S/N, Mieres, Spain
| | | | - Christian Wehenkel
- Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Durango, Mexico
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Landguth EL, Forester BR, Eckert AJ, Shirk AJ, Menon M, Whipple A, Day CC, Cushman SA. Modelling multilocus selection in an individual‐based, spatially‐explicit landscape genetics framework. Mol Ecol Resour 2019; 20:605-615. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin L. Landguth
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Eckert
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
| | - Andrew J. Shirk
- Climate Impacts Group College of the Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Mitra Menon
- Integrative Life Sciences Virginian Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
| | - Amy Whipple
- Department of Biological Sciences and Merriam‐Powell Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
| | - Casey C. Day
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA
| | - Samuel A. Cushman
- USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Flagstaff AZ USA
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Menon M, Bagley JC, Friedline CJ, Whipple AV, Schoettle AW, Leal‐Sàenz A, Wehenkel C, Molina‐Freaner F, Flores‐Rentería L, Gonzalez‐Elizondo MS, Sniezko RA, Cushman SA, Waring KM, Eckert AJ. The role of hybridization during ecological divergence of southwestern white pine (
Pinus strobiformis
) and limber pine (
P. flexilis
). Mol Ecol 2018; 27:1245-1260. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Menon
- Integrative Life Sciences Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
| | - Justin C. Bagley
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade de Brasília Brasília DF Brazil
| | | | - Amy V. Whipple
- Department of Biological Sciences and Merriam Powel Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA
| | - Anna W. Schoettle
- Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Ft. Collins CO USA
| | - Alejandro Leal‐Sàenz
- Programa Institucional de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Durango Mexico
| | - Christian Wehenkel
- Instituto de Silvicultura e Industria de la Madera Universidad Juarez del Estado de Durango Durango Mexico
| | - Francisco Molina‐Freaner
- Institutos de Geologia y Ecologia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Estación Regional del Noroeste Hermosillo Sonora Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Samuel A. Cushman
- Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Flagstaff AZ USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Eckert
- Department of Biology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA
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