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Wu Y, Sun J, Zhang C, Ma S, Liu Y, Wu X, Gao Q. The oligodontia phenotype in a X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patient with a novel EVC2 variant. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23056. [PMID: 38163170 PMCID: PMC10756976 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To analyse the pathogenic genes in a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and explore the relationship between pathogenic genes and the oligodontia phenotype. Methods Clinical data and peripheral blood were collected from a patient with HED. Pathogenic genes were analysed by whole-exon sequencing (WES) and verified by Singer sequencing. The secondary and tertiary structures of the variant proteins were predicted to analyse their toxicity. Results The patient exhibited a severe oligodontia phenotype, wherein only two deciduous canines were left in the upper jaw. WES revealed a hemizygous EDA variant c.466C > T p.(Arg156Cys) and a novel heterozygous EVC2 variant c.1772T > C p.(Leu591Ser). Prediction of the secondary and tertiary structures of the EDA variant p.(Arg156Cys) and EVC2 variant p.(Leu591Ser) indicated impaired function of both molecules. Conclusion The patient demonstrated a more severe oligodontia phenotype when compared with the other patients caused by the EDA variant c.466C > T. Since Evc2 is a positive regulator of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signal pathway, we speculated that the EVC2 variant p.(Leu591Ser) may play a synergistic role in the oligodontia phenotype of HED, thereby exacerbating the oligodontia phenotype. Knowledge of oligodontia caused by multiple gene variants is of great significance for understanding individual differences in oligodontia phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiqi Zhang
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yiting Liu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qingping Gao
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Central South Universtiy, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Kovalskaia VA, Cherevatova TB, Polyakov AV, Ryzhkova OP. Molecular basis and genetics of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasias. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:676-683. [PMID: 38023809 PMCID: PMC10643535 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases of the skin and its appendages, which are characterized by impaired development and/or homeostasis of two or more ectoderm derivatives, including: hair, teeth, nails, sweat glands and their modifications (mammary glands, for instance). The overall prevalence of ectodermal dysplasia remains precisely unknown not only in Russia, but also in the world, nor is known the contribution of individual genes to its structure. This complicates the DNA diagnosis establishment of this disease due to the lack of an accurate diagnostic algorithm and a universal cost-effective method of analysis. To date, the most highly-researched genes involved in the development of anhydrous or hypohidrotic forms of ED are EDA, EDAR, EDARADD and WNT10A. The ectodysplasin A (EDA) gene is the cause of the most common X-linked form of ED, a gene from the Wnt family (WNT10A) is responsible for the autosomal recessive form of the disease, and two other genes (EDAR and EDARADD) can cause both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant forms. This review provides the characteristics of the genes involved in ED, their mutation spectra, the level of their expression in human tissues, as well as the interrelation of the aforementioned genes. The domain structures of the corresponding proteins are considered, as well as the molecular genetic pathways in which they are involved. Animal models for studying this disorder are also taken into consideration. Due to the cross-species genes conservation, their mutations cause the disruption of the development of ectoderm derivatives not only in humans, but also in mice, cows, dogs, and even fish. It can be exploited for a better understanding of the etiopathogenesis of ectodermal dysplasias. Moreover, this article brings up the possibility of recurrent mutations in the EDA and WNT10A genes. The review also presents data on promising approaches for intrauterine ED treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A V Polyakov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - O P Ryzhkova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
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Structural insights into pathogenic mechanism of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia caused by ectodysplasin A variants. Nat Commun 2023; 14:767. [PMID: 36765055 PMCID: PMC9918506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
EDA is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family member, which functions together with its cognate receptor EDAR during ectodermal organ development. Mutations of EDA have long been known to cause X-linked hypohidrotic dysplasia in humans characterized by primary defects in teeth, hair and sweat glands. However, the structural information of EDA interaction with EDAR is lacking and the pathogenic mechanism of EDA variants is poorly understood. Here, we report the crystal structure of EDA C-terminal TNF homology domain bound to the N-terminal cysteine-rich domains of EDAR. Together with biochemical, cellular and mouse genetic studies, we show that different EDA mutations lead to varying degrees of ectodermal developmental defects in mice, which is consistent with the clinical observations on human patients. Our work extends the understanding of the EDA signaling mechanism, and provides important insights into the molecular pathogenesis of disease-causing EDA variants.
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García-Martínez VE, Galiana-Vallés X, Zomeño-Alcalá O, Rodríguez-López R, Llena C, Martínez-Romero MDC, Guillén-Navarro E. Dental Phenotype with Minor Ectodermal Symptoms Suggestive of WNT10A Deficiency. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020356. [PMID: 36832485 PMCID: PMC9955033 DOI: 10.3390/children10020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) represent a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by the abnormal development of ectodermal-derived tissues. They include the involvement of the hair, nails, skin, sweat glands, and teeth. Pathogenic variants in EDA1 (Xq12-13.1; OMIM*300451), EDAR (2q11-q13; OMIM*604095), EDARADD (1q42-q43, OMIM*606603), and WNT10A (2q35; OMIM*606268) genes are responsible for most EDs. Bi-allelic pathogenic variants of WNT10A have been associated with autosomal recessive forms of ED, as well as non-syndromic tooth agenesis (NSTA). The potential phenotypic impact of associated modifier mutations in other ectodysplasin pathway genes has also been pointed out. We present on an 11-year-old Chinese boy with oligodontia, with conical-shaped teeth as the main phenotype, and other very mild ED signs. The genetic study identified the pathogenic variants WNT10A (NM_025216.3): c.310C > T; p. (Arg104Cys) and c.742C > T; p. (Arg248Ter) in compound heterozygosis, confirmed by parental segregation. In addition, the patient had the polymorphism EDAR (NM_022336.4): c.1109T > C, p. (Val370Ala) in homozygosis, named EDAR370. A prominent dental phenotype with minor ectodermal symptoms is very suggestive of WNT10A mutations. In this case, the EDAR370A allele might also attenuate the severity of other ED signs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ximo Galiana-Vallés
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Clinical Analysis Service, Consortium General University Hospital, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | - Otilia Zomeño-Alcalá
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Clinical Analysis Service, Consortium General University Hospital, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-López
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Clinical Analysis Service, Consortium General University Hospital, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Llena
- Primary Care Dentistry, Departament General University Hospital, 46070 Valencia, Spain
- Departament of Stomatology, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-609-92-13-77
| | - María del Carmen Martínez-Romero
- Molecular Genetics Section, Biochemistry and Clinical Genetics Center, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Health Sciences PhD Program-UCAM, 30109 Murcia, Spain
- IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, 30007 Murcia, Spain
- CIBERER-ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, 30109 Murcia, Spain
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, 30007 Murcia, Spain
- CIBERER-ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Genetics Section, Pediatrics Department, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia (UMU), 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Ectodysplasin A (EDA) Signaling: From Skin Appendage to Multiple Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168911. [PMID: 36012178 PMCID: PMC9408960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodysplasin A (EDA) signaling is initially identified as morphogenic signaling regulating the formation of skin appendages including teeth, hair follicles, exocrine glands in mammals, feathers in birds and scales in fish. Gene mutation in EDA signaling causes hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), a congenital hereditary disease with malformation of skin appendages. Interestingly, emerging evidence suggests that EDA and its receptors can modulate the proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and migration of cancer cells, and thus may regulate tumorigenesis and cancer progression. More recently, as a newly discovered hepatocyte factor, EDA pathway has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type II diabetes by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. In this review, we summarize the function of EDA signaling from skin appendage development to multiple other diseases, and discuss the clinical application of recombinant EDA protein as well as other potential targets for disease intervention.
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Pan Y, Yi S, Chen D, Du X, Yao X, He F, Xiong F. Identification of a novel missense heterozygous mutation in the KDF1 gene for non-syndromic congenital anodontia. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5171-5179. [PMID: 35641834 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES KDF1 is a recently identified gene related to tooth development, but it has been little studied. To date, only three cases have been reported in which KDF1 mutations are related to tooth development, including two ectodermal dysplasia cases accompanied by tooth loss and one non-syndromic case with tooth agenesis. However, no KDF1 mutations have been reported as associated with non-syndromic anodontia. Here, the aim was to investigate the genetic etiology of this condition and explore the functional role of a novel KDF1 mutation in a Chinese patient with non-syndromic anodontia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pathogenic variants were identified by whole-exome and Sanger sequencing. Meanwhile, we conducted a literature review of the reported KDF1 mutations and performed an in vitro functional analysis of four anodontia-causing KDF1 mutations (one novel and three known). RESULTS We identified a novel de novo missense mutation (c.911 T > A, p.I304N) in the KDF1 gene in a Chinese patient with severe non-syndromic anodontia. In vitro functional studies showed altered mRNA and protein expression levels of the mutant KDF1. CONCLUSIONS Our results are the first report of KDF1 missense mutation causing non-syndromic anodontia. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study not only further supports the important role of KDF1 in non-syndromic congenital anodontia, but also expands the spectrum of KDF1 mutations and will contribute to the genetic diagnosis and counselling of families with anodontia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Pan
- School of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sheng Yi
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defects Prevention and Control Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinya Du
- Department of Stomatology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Longhua, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchen Yao
- School of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Medical Genetics/Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Fu Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics/Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Retraction for Zhang et al., LncRNA LINC01518 induced by GATA3 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion via miR-206/PRKACB in neuroblastoma. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:145. [PMID: 34705582 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00035.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Thornton CS, Puttagunta L, Helmersen D, Thakrar MV, Nagendran J, Lien D, Varughese RA. ANOTHER syndrome-Familial presentations of progressive lung disease leading to double lung transplantation: A case report and literature review. Respirol Case Rep 2021; 9:e0872. [PMID: 34765225 PMCID: PMC8569409 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias (EDs) are a heterogeneous rare group of disorders with an incidence at 1/100,000 live births. Currently, there are limited case reports of patients requiring lung transplantation. Here, we report two brothers who present with a constellation of features including alopecia, nail dystrophy, ophthalmic complications, thyroid disease, hypohidrosis, ephelides, enteropathy and recurrent respiratory tract infections, known as ANOTHER syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive variant of ED. Both presented in early childhood with progressive respiratory decline and eventual failure. Chronic respiratory decline was refractory to standard therapy. Both patients required lung transplantation for sequelae of end-stage lung disease. Pathology demonstrated multifocal bronchiectasis with areas of fibrosis and small airway obstruction. ANOTHER syndrome is rare with a paucity of data in the literature. Given the limited therapeutic options available with natural progression towards respiratory failure, lung transplantation may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S. Thornton
- Division of Respirology, Department of MedicineCumming School of Medicine, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Lakshmi Puttagunta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Douglas Helmersen
- Division of Respirology, Department of MedicineCumming School of Medicine, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Mitesh V. Thakrar
- Division of Respirology, Department of MedicineCumming School of Medicine, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Jayan Nagendran
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of SurgeryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Dale Lien
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Rhea A. Varughese
- Division of Respirology, Department of MedicineCumming School of Medicine, University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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[Detection of EDA gene mutation and phenotypic analysis in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2021; 53. [PMID: 33550332 PMCID: PMC7867966 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the ectodysplasin A (EDA) gene mutation in patients with hypohidro-tic ectodermal dysplasia (HED), and to analyze the distribution pattern of missing permanent teeth and the systemic manifestation of HED patients with EDA gene mutation. METHODS Twelve HED families were enrolled from clinic for genetic history collection, systemic physical examination and oral examination. Peripheral blood or saliva samples were collected from the probands and the family members to extract genomic DNA. PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing were utilized to detect the EDA gene variations, which were compared with the normal sequence (NM_001399.5). The functional impact of EDA gene variants was then evaluated by functional prediction of mutation, conservation analysis and protein structure prediction. The pathogenicity of each EDA gene variation was assessed according to the stan-dards and guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). The systemic phenotype and missing permanent tooth sites of HED patients with EDA gene mutations were summarized, and the missing rate of each tooth position was analyzed and compared. RESULTS Eight out of twelve HED families were identified to carry EDA gene mutations, including: c.164T>C(p.Leu55Pro); c.457C>T (p.Arg153Cys); c.466C>T(p.Arg156Cys); c. 584G>A(p.Gly195Glu); c.619delG(p.Gly207Profs*73); c.673C>T(p.Pro225Ser); c.676C>T(p.Gln226*) and c.905T>G(p.Phe302Cys). Among them, c.164T>C(p.Leu55Pro); c.619delG(p.Gly207Profs*73); c.673C>T(p.Pro225Ser); c.676C>T(p.Gln226*) and c.905T>G(p.Phe302Cys) were novel mutations. The HED patients with EDA gene mutations in this study were all male. Our results showed that the average number of missing permanent teeth was 13.86±4.49, the average number of missing permanent teeth in the upper jaw was 13.14±5.76, the missing rate was 73.02%. And in the lower jaw, the average number of missing permanent teeth was 14.57±3.05, the missing rate was 80.95%. There was no significant difference in the number of missing teeth between the left and right sides of the permanent dentition (P>0.05). Specifi-cally, the maxillary lateral incisors, the maxillary second premolars and the mandibular lateral incisors were more likely to be missing, while the maxillary central incisors, the maxillary and mandibular first molars had higher possibility of persistence. CONCLUSION This study detected novel EDA gene pathogenic variants and summarized the distribution pattern of missing permanent teeth of HED patients, thus enriched the variation and phenotype spectrum of EDA gene, and provided new clinical evidence for genetic diagnosis and prenatal consultation.
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