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Zheng XL, Li ZD, Luo KZ, Li YL, Liu YH, Shen SY, Shen FY, Li WY, Chen GQ, Zhang C, Zeng LH. POLR2J expression promotes glioblastoma malignancy by regulating oxidative stress and the STAT3 signaling pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2037-2054. [PMID: 38859843 PMCID: PMC11162680 DOI: 10.62347/jewm7691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common cancer in the brain, resistant to conventional therapy and prone to recurrence. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel therapeutics strategies for the treatment and prognosis of GBM. In this study, through analyzing online datasets, we elucidated the expression and prognostic value of POLR2J and its co-expressed genes in GBM patients. Functional experiments, including assays for cell apoptosis and cell migration, were used to explore the effects of POLR2J and vorinostat on the proliferation and migration of GBM cells. The highest overexpression of POLR2J, among all cancer types, was observed in GBM. Furthermore, high expression of POLR2J or its co-expressed genes predicted a poor outcome in GBM patients. DNA replication pathways were significantly enriched in the GBM clinical samples with high POLR2J expression, and POLR2J suppression inhibited proliferation and triggered cell cycle G1/S phase arrest in GBM cells. Moreover, POLR2J silencing activated the unfolded protein response (UPR) and significantly enhanced the anti-GBM activity of vorinostat by suppressing cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Additionally, POLR2J could interact with STAT3 to promote the metastatic potential of GBM cells. Our study identifies POLR2J as a novel oncogene in GBM progression and provides a promising strategy for the chemotherapeutic treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Zheng
- Taizhou Boai Hospital, Affiliated Luqiao Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi-Di Li
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai-Zhi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang-Ling Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye-Han Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Ying Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei-Yan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wan-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Qing Chen
- Taizhou Boai Hospital, Affiliated Luqiao Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Taizhou Boai Hospital, Affiliated Luqiao Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Taizhou Boai Hospital, Affiliated Luqiao Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
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Li X, Ding N, Ma W, Zhang M. IFIH1-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of PTTG1 promotes proliferation and affects PHA-848125 sensitivity and prognosis in oropharyngeal carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2157-2171. [PMID: 38859832 PMCID: PMC11162656 DOI: 10.62347/ylcq4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) is an oncogene involved in chromosomal segregation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and metabolism. PTTG1 can be used for clinical diagnosis and treatment and is a potential target for oropharyngeal carcinoma. The proliferation and viability of Cal27 and FaDu cells were assessed using the CCK-8 assay. Real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively, were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels of PTTG1 and IFIH1. The interaction between PTTG1 mRNA and the translational regulatory protein IFIH1 was analyzed using RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. PTTG1 protein was significantly overexpressed in oropharyngeal carcinoma, whereas PTTG1 mRNA was not. We hypothesized that a translation regulatory protein plays a post-transcriptional role in PTTG1. The IFIH1 protein specifically bound to the 42-52 nt region of PTTG1 mRNA, promoted the translation of PTTG1, and promoted the proliferation of oropharyngeal cancer cells. Administration of the PTTG1 inhibitor PHA-848125 and silencing of IFIH1 synergistically decreased the expression of PTTG1, inhibited the proliferation of oropharyngeal cancer cells, and indicated a good prognosis. We found that the IFIH1-PTTG1 axis could regulate the PHA-848125 response and functionally mediate inter-individual oropharyngeal cancer susceptibility and prognosis. This study aimed to confirm the upstream regulatory genes of PTTG1 and further investigate the specific interactions in this signaling pathway, which will provide a new approach for the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityNo. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Nan Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, Hebei General HospitalNo. 348 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Ma
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong University of Shenzhen HospitalHaiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518053, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityNo. 4 Chongshan East Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning, P. R. China
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Liu H, Deng L, Guo Y, Liu H, Chen B, Zhang J, Ran J, Yin G, Xie Q. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis and machine learning reveal unique gene expression profiles in patients with immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3598. [PMID: 37743820 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is an autoimmune myopathy characterized by severe proximal weakness and muscle fiber necrosis, yet its pathogenesis remains unclear. So far, there are few bioinformatics studies on underlying pathogenic genes and infiltrating immune cell profiles of IMNM. Therefore, we aimed to characterize differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and infiltrating cells in IMNM muscle biopsy specimens, which may be useful for elucidating the pathogenesis of IMNM. METHODS Three datasets (GSE39454, GSE48280 and GSE128470) of gene expression profiling related to IMNM were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Data were normalized, and DEG analysis was performed using the limma package. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed using clusterProfiler. The CIBERSORT algorithm was performed to identify infiltrating cells. Machine learning algorithm and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to find distinctive gene signatures and the underlying signaling pathways of IMNM. RESULTS DEG analysis identified upregulated and downregulated in IMNM muscle compared to the gene expression levels of other groups. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the pathogenesis of IMNM was notable for the under-representation of pathways that were important in dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. Three immune cells (M2 macrophages, resting dendritic cells and resting natural killer cells) with differential infiltration and five key genes (NDUFAF7, POLR2J, CD99, ARF5 and SKAP2) in patients with IMNM were identified through the CIBERSORT and machine learning algorithm. The GSEA results revealed that the key genes were remarkably enriched in diverse immunological and muscle metabolism-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively explored immunological landscape of IMNM, which is indicative for the research of IMNM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science on Synthetic Vision, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixue Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqian Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Ran
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geng Yin
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qibing Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huang J, Ji X. Never a dull enzyme, RNA polymerase II. Transcription 2023; 14:49-67. [PMID: 37132022 PMCID: PMC10353340 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2023.2208023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is composed of 12 subunits that collaborate to synthesize mRNA within the nucleus. Pol II is widely recognized as a passive holoenzyme, with the molecular functions of its subunits largely ignored. Recent studies employing auxin-inducible degron (AID) and multi-omics techniques have revealed that the functional diversity of Pol II is achieved through the differential contributions of its subunits to various transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. By regulating these processes in a coordinated manner through its subunits, Pol II can optimize its activity for diverse biological functions. Here, we review recent progress in understanding Pol II subunits and their dysregulation in diseases, Pol II heterogeneity, Pol II clusters and the regulatory roles of RNA polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Distinct Roles of NANOS1 and NANOS3 in the Cell Cycle and NANOS3-PUM1-FOXM1 Axis to Control G2/M Phase in a Human Primordial Germ Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126592. [PMID: 35743036 PMCID: PMC9223905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanos RNA-binding proteins are critical factors of germline development throughout the animal kingdom and their dysfunction causes infertility. During evolution, mammalian Nanos paralogues adopted divergent roles in germ cell biology. However, the molecular basis behind this divergence, such as their target mRNAs, remains poorly understood. Our RNA-sequencing analysis in a human primordial germ cell model-TCam-2 cell line revealed distinct pools of genes involved in the cell cycle process downregulated upon NANOS1 and NANOS3 overexpression. We show that NANOS1 and NANOS3 proteins influence different stages of the cell cycle. Namely, NANOS1 is involved in the G1/S and NANOS3 in the G2/M phase transition. Many of their cell cycle targets are known infertility and cancer-germ cell genes. Moreover, NANOS3 in complex with RNA-binding protein PUM1 causes 3′UTR-mediated repression of FOXM1 mRNA encoding a transcription factor crucial for G2/M phase transition. Interestingly, while NANOS3 and PUM1 act as post-transcriptional repressors of FOXM1, FOXM1 potentially acts as a transcriptional activator of NANOS3, PUM1, and itself. Finally, by utilizing publicly available RNA-sequencing datasets, we show that the balance between FOXM1-NANOS3 and FOXM1-PUM1 expression levels is disrupted in testis cancer, suggesting a potential role in this disease.
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Wu HL, Yang ZR, Yan LJ, Su YD, Ma R, Li Y. NPM2 in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: from basic tumor biology to clinical medicine. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:141. [PMID: 35490253 PMCID: PMC9055711 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review systematically summarizes gene biology features and protein structure of nucleoplasmin2 (NPM2) and the relationship between NPM2 and malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM), in order to explore the molecular pathological mechanism of MPM and explore new therapeutic targets. METHODS NCBI PubMed database was used for the literature search. NCBI Gene and Protein databases, Ensembl Genome Browser, UniProt, and RCSB PDB database were used for gene and protein review. Three online tools (Consurf, DoGSiteScorer, and ZdockServer), the GEPIA database, and the Cancer Genome Atlas were used to analyze bioinformatics characteristics for NPM2 protein. RESULTS The main structural domains of NPM2 protein include the N-terminal core region, acidic region, and motif and disordered region. The N-terminal core region, involved in histone binding, is the most conserved domain in the nucleoplasmin (NPM) family. NPM2 with a large acidic tract in its C-terminal tail (NPM2-A2) is able to bind histones and form large complexes. Bioinformatics results indicated that NPM2 expression was correlated with the pathology of multiple tumors. Among mesothelioma patients, 5-year survival of patients with low-NPM2-expression was significantly higher than that of the high-NPM2-expression patients. NPM2 can facilitate the formation of histone deacetylation. NPM2 may promote histone deacetylation and inhibit the related-gene transcription, thus leading to abnormal proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of MPM. CONCLUSION NPM2 may play a key role in the development and progression of MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Liang Wu
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, No. 10 Tieyi Road, Yangfangdian Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Zhi-Ran Yang
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jun Yan
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Dong Su
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, No. 10 Tieyi Road, Yangfangdian Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100038, China. .,Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Costa SM, Saramago M, Matos RG, Arraiano CM, Viegas SC. How hydrolytic exoribonucleases impact human disease: Two sides of the same story. FEBS Open Bio 2022. [PMID: 35247037 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
RNAs are extremely important molecules inside the cell which perform many different functions. For example, messenger RNAs, transfer RNAs, and ribosomal RNAs are involved in protein synthesis, whereas non-coding RNAs have numerous regulatory roles. Ribonucleases are the enzymes responsible for the processing and degradation of all types of RNAs, having multiple roles in every aspect of RNA metabolism. However, the involvement of RNases in disease is still not well understood. This review focuses on the involvement of the RNase II/RNB family of 3'-5' exoribonucleases in human disease. This can be attributed to direct effects, whereby mutations in the eukaryotic enzymes of this family (Dis3 (or Rrp44), Dis3L1 (or Dis3L), and Dis3L2) are associated with a disease, or indirect effects, whereby mutations in the prokaryotic counterparts of RNase II/RNB family (RNase II and/or RNase R) affect the physiology and virulence of several human pathogens. In this review, we will compare the structural and biochemical characteristics of the members of the RNase II/RNB family of enzymes. The outcomes of mutations impacting enzymatic function will be revisited, in terms of both the direct and indirect effects on disease. Furthermore, we also describe the SARS-CoV-2 viral exoribonuclease and its importance to combat COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, RNases may be a good therapeutic target to reduce bacterial and viral pathogenicity. These are the two perspectives on RNase II/RNB family enzymes that will be presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M Costa
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saramago
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rute G Matos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cecília M Arraiano
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sandra C Viegas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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